Historical Elements in the Matsya Purana

by Chaitali Kadia | 2021 | 91,183 words

This page relates ‘Dynasty of Vrishni’ of the study on the historical elements of the Matsya-purana: one of the eighteen Mahapuranas which are Sanskrit texts that have preserved the cultural heritage, philosophy, religion, geography, etc of ancient India. This Matsyapurana was originally written in 20,000 verses and deals with topics such as architecture, ancient history, polity, religion and philosophy.

Vṛṣṇi had two wives named Gāndhārī and Mādrī. Gāndhārī gave birth to two sons named Sumitra and Mitranandana. Mādrī gave birth to five sons named Yudhājit, Devamīduṣa, Anamitra, Śibi and Kṛtalakṣaṇa. Nighna was the son of Anamitra. Nighna’s son were Prasena and Śaktisena. Prasen had a valuable Syamantaka gem.[1] Satrajita had ten beautiful wives who were the daughter of Kekayarāja. From their womb hundred sons were born of Satrājita. They were all very powerful, world famous and great warrior. Among them Bhangakāra was eldest. By the Bhangakāra, Vratavratī gave birth to three beautiful daughters named Satyabhāmā, Vratinī and Padmāvatī. Bhangakār dedicated his three daughters to Śrīkṛṣṇa as his wife. The last son of Vṛṣṇi, Anamitra had a son named Śini. Śini’s son was Satyaka and his son was Sātyaki. Satyavān and Yuyudhāna were grandsons of Śini. Yuyudhān’s son was Asanga and Asanga’s son was Dyumni. Dyumni gave birth to a son named Yugandhara. From the womb of Pṛthvī, Anamitra’s second wife, Yudhājita was born. He had two sons named Vṛṣabha and Kṣatra. Vṛṣabha accepted Jayanti, daughter of Kāśirāja . From the womb of Jayanti he gave birth to a son named Jayanta, who always remained constant in the Yajña, great king, knight, scholar and lover of guests. He gave birth to a son named Akrura. He also became ever-vigilant and richly gifted. Śivi king had a girl named. Ratnā, who received Akrura as her husband and gave birth to eleven sons from her womb. Their names were as follows–Upalambha, Sadālambha, Vṛkala, Vīrya, Savitā, Sadāpaksa, Śatrughna, Vārimejaya, Dharmabhṛd, Dharmavarmā and Dhṛṣṭmāna. All the sons born from Ratnā’s womb, were performing auspicious deeds. The two sons named Devavān and Upadeva were born from the womb of Ugrasenā by the Akrura. From his second wife Aśvinī’s womb, he gave birth to thirteen sons named–Pṛthu, Vipṛthu, Aśvatthāmā, Subāhu, Supāvaka, Gaveṣaṇa, Vṛṣṭinemi, Sudharmā, Śaryati, Abhūmi, Varjabhūmi, Śramiṣṭha and Sravaṇa.[2]

Aikṣvākī (Mādrī) gave birth to a wonderful son named Śura (Śurasena), who later became known as Īduṣa (Devamīduṣa). Ten sons and five beautiful girls originated from Bhojā’s womb with the contact of Śura. The first born of sons was Mahāvāhu Vasudeva, who also became famous as Ānakadundubhi. After that Devabhāga (Devamārga) was born. After that Devaśravā, Anādhṛṣṭi, Śini, Nanda, Sṛnjaya, Śyāma, Śamīka and Sanyūpa were born again. Names of girls were Śrutakirti, Pṛthā, Śrutādevī, Śrutasravā and Rājādhidevī. They were the mothers of the five valiant sons. Kṛta’s wife Śrutadevī gave birth to a son named Sugriva. Rājā Anuvrata was born from the womb of the royal highness of Kekaya state, Śrutakīrti. Wife of Cedi king, Śrutasravā gave birth to a son named Sunītha, who practiced many kinds of religions and was the destroyer of enemies. After that, Śura gave his daughter Pṛthā as a daughter to the old king Kuntibhoja in a friendly manner. For this reason, Vasudeva’s sister, Pṛthā came to be known as Kuntī. Vasudeva gave her as a wife to Pāndu. That beautiful Pandu’s wife Kuntī gave birth to the Mahārathī Devaputras for the family order of Pāndu’s family. In them, Yudhisthira was born by the contact of Dharma, Vṛkodar (Bhīmasen) was born from the connection of Vāyu and the mighty Dhananjaya (Arjuna)–like Indra was born from the Indra. Along with the connection of Aśvinikumars, Mādravatī (Mādrī) gave birth to two sons named Nakula and Sahadeva.

By the contact of Ānakadundubhi (Vasudeva), Rohiṇī, the first wife of Vasudeva’s twenty-four wives gave birth to the world famous son (eldest) Rām (Balarāma), followed by the beloved son Sāraṇa, Durdama, Damana, Subhra, Piṇḍāraka and Mahāhanu. His second wife, Pauravī gave birth to also two sons named Bhadra and Subhadādi. At the same time, two daughters, Citra and Akṣī were also born from Rohiṇī’s womb. From Vāsudeva’s contact, Devakī gave birth to six sons named Suṣena, Kīrtimān, Udāra, Bhadrasena, Bhadravāsa and Bhadravideha, who were killed by Kansa. Then at the sometime Devakī gave birth to Śrīkṛṣṇa. After Śrīkṛṣṇa, his younger sistern Śubhabhāṣiṇi Subhadrā was born. Subsequently, Devakī’s womb gave birth to a son named Mahāyaśasvī Śūrī. Tāmrā gave birth to a son named Sahadeva, who raised the Śourikula. Devarakṣitā produced a son named Upāsangadhara and a beautiful girl, who were killed by Kansa. Vijaya, Rocamāna, Vardhamāna and Devala–all of them were born from the great Upadevi’s womb. Mahātmā Avagāha was born from Vṛkadevi’s womb. Another sonnamed Nandana was born from Vṛkadevi’s womb. Devakī gave birth to her seventh son, Madana and the invisible and great Gaveṣaṇa. Earlier while wandering in the forest on the occasion of Shrine with Śraddhādevī, Śuranandana. Vasudeva made pregnant a Vaiśya daughter. From her an eldest son named Kauśika was born. Vasudeva had too two wives named (ninth) Sutanu and (tenth) Ratharājī. From their womb were born two sons named Puṇḍra and Kapila of Vasudeva and two sons named Saubhadra and Bhava, who were blessed with great power. The eldest among them became Niṣāda named Jarā, who was a great archer. Devabhāga’s son was famous as Uddhava. The first son of Devaśravā was called as Pandita. Aikṣvākī gave birth to a son named Nidhūtasatra by the contact with Anādhṛṣṭi. Śrāddha was originated from Nidhutasatva. Being pleased at childless Krūṣa Śrīkṛṣṇa gave him a son named Sucandra, who was great, fortunate and mighty. Cārudeṣṇa and Sāmba of Jāmbavatī these two sons were powerful, mighty and great-minded with excellent traits. Nandana had two sons named Tantipāla and Tanti. The four sons of Śamika were Virāja, Dhanu, Śyama and Sṛnjaya, who were very mighty. Among them Śyama became childless and Śamika went into the forest, condemning the ethics and behavior of the Bhoja dynasty.[3]

Footnotes and references:

[1]:

Matsya Purāṇa, Ch. 45/ 1–4

[2]:

Matsya Purāṇa, Ch. 45/19–33

[3]:

Matsya Purāṇa, Ch. 46 Chapter

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