Pundra, aka: Puṇḍra, Puṇḍrā; 10 Definition(s)

Introduction

Pundra means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

In Hinduism

Ayurveda (science of life)

Puṇḍra (पुण्ड्र) is another name for Mādhavī, which is a Sanskrit word referring to Hiptage benghalensis (hiptage) from the Malpighiaceae family, which is classified as a medicinal plant in the system of Āyurveda (science of Indian medicine). It is used throughout literature such as the Carakasaṃhitā and the Suśrutasaṃhita.

context information

Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

1) Puṇḍra (पुण्ड्र).—An ancient King in Bhārata. (Śloka 224, Chapter 1, Ādi Parva).

2) Puṇḍra (पुण्ड्र).—An ancient region of Bhārata. The region comprised then the present district of Mālada, certain portions on the east coast of river Kosī and certain portions of Dinājpur. King Pāṇḍu conquered Puṇḍra. (Chapter 112, Ādi Parva). The people of Puṇḍra came to the Rājasūya of Yudhiṣṭhira with presents. The Pauṇḍrakavāsudeva mentioned in the Bhāgavata was the King of Puṇḍra. Karṇa and Arjuna conquered this country at different times. (Chapter 52, Sabhā Parva; Chapter 8, Karṇa Parva; Chapter 82, Āśvamedhika Parva).

1a) Puṇḍra (पुण्ड्र).—A Kṣetraja son of Bali, born of Dīrghatamas and Bali's wife; a Bāleyakṣatra.^*

• * Bhāgavata-purāṇa IX. 23. 5; Matsya-purāṇa 48. 25; Vāyu-purāṇa 99. 28, 85.

1b) A pupil of Yājñavalkya.^*

• * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 35. 29.

1c) A Vānara chief.^*

• * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 7. 237.

1d) A son of Sugandhī and Vasudeva; became king.^*

• * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 71. 186; Vāyu-purāṇa 96. 182.

1e) A son of Vasudeva, became Jarā, a hunter;¹ became king.²

• 1) Matsya-purāṇa 46. 21-22.
• 2) Vāyu-purāṇa 96. 182.

1f) A city between Hemakūṭa and Himālaya which is snowfed;¹ under Devarakṣita.²

• 1) Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 22. 53; Vāyu-purāṇa 51. 48.
• 2) Viṣṇu-purāṇa IV. 24. 64.

2a) Puṇḍrā (पुण्ड्रा).—A river of the Kuśadvīpa.^*

• * Matsya-purāṇa 122. 73.

2b) A tribe; a Janapada of the East.^*

• * Matsya-purāṇa 114. 45.

2c) —(c)—an eastern country named after Bali's son, Puṇḍra.^*

• * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 16. 54; III. 73. 109; 74. 33, 87, 197; IV. 29. 131; Viṣṇu-purāṇa II. 3. 16.

Puṇḍra (पुण्ड्र) is a name mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. II.13.19, II.27.20, II.31.11, II.48.15, III.48.18, VI.10.49, VI.10.56, VI.46.49, VIII.17.2) and represents one of the many proper names used for people and places. Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Puṇḍra) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.

context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)

Puṇḍra (पुण्ड्र) is the name of a country pertaining to the Oḍramāgadhī local usage (pravṛtti) according to the Nāṭyaśāstra chapter 14. It is also known by the name Pauṇḍra. These pravṛttis provide information regarding costumes, languages, and manners in different countries of the world. It is mentioned that this local usage (adopted by these countries) depends on the verbal style (bhāratī) and the graceful style (kaiśikī).

context information

Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (śāstra) of performing arts, (nāṭya, e.g., theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing dramatic plays (nataka) and poetic works (kavya).

Kavya (poetry)

Puṇḍra (पुण्ड्र) is the name a locality mentioned in Rājaśekhara’s 10th-century Kāvyamīmāṃsā.—Puṇḍravardhana, it is locates in the district of Māldā in East Bengal.

India history and geogprahy

Puṇḍra (पुण्ड्र) or Puṇḍradeśa is the name of a country mentioned in the Gupta inscriptions. The Gupta empire (r. 3rd-century CE), founded by Śrī Gupta, covered much of ancient India and embraced the Dharmic religions such as Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism.

According to Wilson, the ancient kingdom of Puṇḍradeśa included the districts of Rajshahi, Dinajpur, Rangpur, Malda, Bogra and Tirhut. Puṇḍravardhana, as the name suggests, was a settlement of the Puṇḍras. The first reference to the Puṇḍras is found inthe Aitareya-brāhmaṇa.

context information

The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

puṇḍra (पुंड्र).—m S A mark made on the forehead with sandal &c.

Sanskrit-English dictionary

Puṇḍra (पुण्ड्र).—[puṇḍ-bhedane rak Uṇ 2.13]

1) A kind of sugarcane (red variety).

2) A lotus in general.

3) A white lotus

4) A mark or line (on the fore-head) made with sandal &c., sectarial mark; उत्थं तत् पुण्ड्रमूर्ध्वं जनिमरणतमः खण्डनं मण्डनं च (utthaṃ tat puṇḍramūrdhvaṃ janimaraṇatamaḥ khaṇḍanaṃ maṇḍanaṃ ca) Viṣṇupād Stotra 43.

5) A worm.

6) The Atimukta creeper.

-ṇḍrāḥ (pl.) Name of a country and its inhabitants.

Derivable forms: puṇḍraḥ (पुण्ड्रः).

Puṇḍra (पुण्ड्र).—n.

(-ṇḍraṃ) 1. A red variety of the common sugarcane, (Saccharum officinarum.) 2. The name of a Daitya or infernal being, considered as incarnate in Sisupala. 3. A mark or line made on the forehead with Sandal, &c. 4. A sort of creeper, (Gærtnera racemosa.) 5. A worm. 6. A white lotus. 7. The name of a country, the greater part of Bengal and part of Behar. m. plu.

(-ṇḍrāḥ) The inhabitants of that country. E. puḍi to rub, aff. rak .

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