Yugandhara, Yugamdhara: 11 definitions
Introduction:
Yugandhara means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Puranic Encyclopedia1) Yugandhara (युगन्धर).—(yugandharas) In the Purāṇas there are references to a mountain called Yugandhara. The inhabitants of that place were known as Yugandharas. In Mahābhārata, Vana Parva, Chapter 129, Verse 9, there is a statement that these people used to drink the milk of camels and donkeys.
2) Yugandhara (युगन्धर).—A warrior who fought against the Kauravas from the Pāṇḍava party. He attacked Droṇācārya in the battle and was killed by him in the end. (Mahābhārata Droṇa Parva, Chapter 16, Verse 30).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index1a) Yugandhara (युगन्धर).—A son of Kuṇi; with him the Śaineya line.*
- * Bhāgavata-purāṇa IX. 24. 14; Viṣṇu-purāṇa IV. 14. 3-4.
1b) Son of Bhūti—also Bhautya.*
- * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 71. 101; Vāyu-purāṇa 96. 100.
1c) A son of Dyumni and Śainya.*
- * Matsya-purāṇa 45. 24.
Yugandhara (युगन्धर) refers to the name of a City mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. IV.1.9, VI.10.40, VII.15.30, VIII.30.42). Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Yugandhara) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
In Buddhism
Theravada (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: Pali Kanon: Pali Proper Names1. Yugandhara. One of the mountains of the Himalaya (J.i.119, 232; iv.213; vi.125; DhA.i.249; Vsm.206). It forms the first of the seven ranges round Sineru (SNA, ii.443; but according to J.vi.125 it is the fourth range).
A Yugandharasagara (e.g., J.i.64; vi.43) is also sometimes mentioned, and was probably a sea between Yugandhara and the next mountain range. When the Buddha reached Tavatimsa in three strides, his first stride was from the earth to Yugandhara (DhA.iii.216). It was on the summit of Yugandhara that Assagutta convened an assembly of the monks in order to discuss their plan of campaign against Milinda (Mil.p.6). The sun is mentioned as first rising over Yugandhara (E.g., SA.ii.165), hence the expression Like the morning sun over Yugandhara. E.g. PvA.137.
2. Yugandhara - One of the chief Yakkhas to be invoked by the Buddhas followers in time of need. D.iii.205
Theravāda is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).
General definition (in Buddhism)
Source: Wisdom Library: Dharma-samgrahaYugandhara (युगन्धर) refers to the “the yoke-bearer mountain” and represents one of the “eight mountains” (parvata) as defined in the Dharma-saṃgraha (section 125). It can also be spelled as Yugaṃdhara. The Dharma-samgraha (Dharmasangraha) is an extensive glossary of Buddhist technical terms in Sanskrit (e.g., yugandhara). The work is attributed to Nagarjuna who lived around the 2nd century A.D.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: archive.org: Trisastisalakapurusacaritra1) Yugandhara (युगन्धर) is the name of an ancient Muni, as mentioned in chapter 1.1 [ādīśvara-caritra] of Hemacandra’s 11th century Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism.
Accordingly, as the incarnation of Svayambuddha said to the incarnation of king Mahābala: “[...] At that time omniscience had come to Muni Yugandhara, engaged in pratimā for one night on the peak of the mountain [viz., Ambaratilaka]. Then a great festival called ‘the festival of omniscience’ was being celebrated in his honor by the gods at hand. Then the people living in the towns and villages near the mountain competed with each other to show him honor. When she saw the people, decorated with many ornaments, going there, Nirnāmikā stood in astonishment, as if she were painted in a picture. [...]”.
2) Yugandhara (युगन्धर) is another Muni active during the time of Candraprabha, according to chapter 3.6 [candraprabha-caritra].—Accordingly, “In the province Maṅgalāvatī, the ornament of East Videha in the continent Dhātakīkhaṇḍa, there is a city Ratnasañcayā. In this city there was a king, named Padma, like a lotus-home of Padmā, exceedingly powerful like the serpent-king in Bhogāvatī. Attended always by musicians who performed divine concerts, surrounded by courtesans who excelled the Apsarases, always distinguished by the beauty of his body adorned with beautiful divine unguents, ornaments, and fine garments, his commands observed by kings day and night, [...]”.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Biology (plants and animals)
Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)Yugandhara in India is the name of a plant defined with Zea mays in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Zea americana Mill. (among others).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· A Manual of Botany for the Northern States (1818)
· New York State Agric. Expt. Sta. Rept. (1884)
· Landwirthschaftliche Flora (1866)
· Nomenclator Botanicus (1821)
· Medical Flora (1830)
· Ein Garten Eden. (2001)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Yugandhara, for example extract dosage, chemical composition, health benefits, pregnancy safety, diet and recipes, side effects, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionaryyugandhara : (m.) name of a mountain.
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryYugandhara (युगन्धर).—mn.
(-raḥ-raṃ) 1. The pole of a carraige, or wood to which the yoke is fixed. 2. The name of a mountain. E. yuga a yoke, dhṛ to hold or support, khac aff.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryYugandhara (युगन्धर):—[yuga-ndhara] (raḥ-raṃ) 1. m. n. The pole of a carriage; name of a mountain.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusYugaṃdhara (ಯುಗಂಧರ):—[noun] = ಯುಗ - [yuga -] 2.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Yuga.
Full-text (+9): Yugamdhara, Yaugamdharayana, Yaugamdhari, Sumeru, Yaugamdhara, Kuni, Tuni, Shainya, Matthaka, Isadhara, Saptaratna, Parvata, Eight Mountains, Bhuti, Saptaratnamaya, Shudddhavasa, Sineru, Kapikacchu, Narakashandha, Assagutta.
Relevant text
Search found 36 books and stories containing Yugandhara, Yuga-ndhara, Yugamdhara, Yugaṃdhara; (plurals include: Yugandharas, ndharas, Yugamdharas, Yugaṃdharas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Skanda Purana (by G. V. Tagare)
Chapter 5 - Redemption from Curse of Alaṃbuṣā and Vidhūma < [Section 1 - Setu-māhātmya]
Chapter 14 - The Legend of Vajrāṅga < [Section 2 - Kaumārikā-khaṇḍa]
Viṣṇu-sahasranāma (Garland of a Thousand Epithets of Viṣṇu) < [Section 1 - Avantīkṣetra-māhātmya]
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)
Page 288 < [Volume 20 (1918)]
Trishashti Shalaka Purusha Caritra (by Helen M. Johnson)
Part 1: Incarnation as King Padma < [Chapter VI - Candraprabhacaritra]
Part 13: Fifth incarnation as the Īśāna god < [Chapter I]
Part 14: Sixth incarnation as Vajrajaṅgha < [Chapter I]
List of Mahabharata people and places (by Laxman Burdak)
Vishnu Purana (Taylor) (by McComas Taylor)
Chapter 14 - The ancestry of Kṛṣṇa’s father, Vasudeva, and his nemesis, Śiśupāla < [Book Four: The Royal Dynasties]
Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra (by Gelongma Karma Migme Chödrön)
Act 7.3: Description of Paranirmitavaśavartin < [Chapter XIV - Emission of rays]