Historical Elements in the Matsya Purana

by Chaitali Kadia | 2021 | 91,183 words

This page relates ‘Dynasty of Kroshtu’ of the study on the historical elements of the Matsya-purana: one of the eighteen Mahapuranas which are Sanskrit texts that have preserved the cultural heritage, philosophy, religion, geography, etc of ancient India. This Matsyapurana was originally written in 20,000 verses and deals with topics such as architecture, ancient history, polity, religion and philosophy.

Kroṣṭu’s son was Mahārathī Vṛjinivān. Vṛjinivān has a son named Svāha (Svāti in PadmaPurāṇa ). Svāha had also a son named Ruṣangu (Bhāgavata –9/23/31 & VisnuPurāna –4/12/2 described as Ruṣangu. In the Padma-Purāna–1/13/4 it is Kusangu) who was great speakers. Ruṣangu wished for a child with a mild temperament. Then he gavebirth a son named Citraratha, who was integrated with his works and with a picture-bizarre chariot. A brave son was born to Citraratha who was known as Śaśabindu. He later became the Chakravartī Emperor. Śaśabindu had hundred sons. They also had a hundred sons each. They were all rich in wealth and sharp, beautiful and intelligent. Among them six mahābalī sons were main whose name started by the word ‘Pṛthu’. Their full names were–Pṛthuśravā, Pṛthuyaśā, Pṛthudharmā, Pṛthuñjaya, Pṛthukīrti and Pṛthumanā. Pṛthuśravā had a son named Suyajña. His son was Uśanā and his son was Titikṣu (In the other place it is Śimeyu, Rucaka or Śitapu). Maruta was born as Titikṣu’s son. Maruta had a son named Kambalabarhiṣa. Rukmakavaca was the son of Kambalabarhiṣa.[1]

King Rukmakavaca had five sons named Rukmeṣu, Pṛthurukma, Jyāmagha, Parigha and Hari, who were great and mighty archers. Rukmakavaca appointed both of Parigha and Hari as the rulers of Videha country. Rukmesu became the chief king and Prthurukma became his dependent. They drove Jyāmagha out of the state. Jyāmagha’s wife Śaivyā had grown old.[2] Even in old age Śaivyā gave birth to a son named Vidarbha. Vidarbha had three sons named Kṛatha, Kaiśika and Lomapāda. All these sons were knights and warriors. From Lomapāda Manu was born and Manu had a son named Jñāti. Kaiśika’s son was Cidi and from him Caidya was born. Kṛatha gave birth to a son named Kunti. Kunti had given birth to a son named Dhṛṣṭa, who was supremely majestic and righteous. Dhṛṣṭa’s son was Nivṛti. Nivṛti had only one son, who was famous as Viduratha. The son of Viduratha was Daśārha (It is from this, that Śrī Kṛṣṇa became famous in Ādi Daśarha vaṃśi from) and Daśārha’s son was Vyoma. The son born from Vyoma was Jīmuta. Jīmuta had a son named Vimala and Vimala’s son was Bhīmaratha. Bhīmaratha’s son was famous as Navaratha. Navaratha’s son was Dṛdaratha and from him Śakuni was born. Śakuni had a son named Karambha and Karambha’s son was Devarāta. Devarāta son was Madhu. Madhu’s son was Puravas and from him Purudvan was born. By the connection of Purudvān Princes of Vidarbha, Bhadrasenī gave birth to a son name Jantu. Jantu’s wife was Aikaṣākī. From her womb Sātvata was born who was full of might sātvata had many sons. They were so much powerful. Their names were Bhaji, Bhajamān, Devāvṛdha, Andhaka, Mahābhoja and Vṛṣṇi who gave joy to Yadukula. By them four dynastys was expanded. Bhajamāna’s had two wives named Sunjayī and Vāhyakā. They were the daughter of Sunjaya. They gave birth a lot of sons. Among them Vāhyaka was main. Apart from Vāhyaka the other sons names were Nimi, Kṛmila, and Vṛṣṇi.[3]

After that king Devāvṛdha was born. Then by the connection with Devavṛdha. Parṇaśā gave birth to a son named Babhru. After that daughter of Kanka gave birth to four sons named Kukura, Bhajamā. Śaśi and Kambalabarhiṣa by the connection with Babhru. Kukura’s son was Vṛṣṇi and Vṛṣṇi’s son was Dhṛti. Dhṛti’s son was Kapotaromā and from him Taittiri was born. Sarpa was the son of Taittiri. Taittiri had a son named Vidān. Vidvān’s son was Nala and Nala’s son was famous by name Daradundubhi.[4] He had a son name Punarvasu. Punarvasu had twins child. The son’s name was Āhuka and the daughter’s name was Āhukī. Āhuka gave his sister, Āhukī to the Avanti king. By the connection with Āhuka, the daughter of Kāśya gave birth to two sons named Devaka and Ugrasena. Four brave and mighty sons were born by Devaka. Their names are–Devavān, Upadeva, Sudeva and Devarakṣita. They had also seven sisters whom Devaka dedicated to Vāsudeva. Their names are–Devakī, Śrutadevī, Mitradevī, Yośodharā, Śrīdevī, Satyadevī and Sutapī. Ugrasen had nine sons. Among them Kansa was eldest. The eight were–Nyagrodha, Sunāmā, Kanka, Śanku, Ajabhū, Rāṣṭrapāla, Yuddhamuṣṭi and Sumuṣṭida. They had also five sisters named Kansā, Kansavatī, Satantū, Rāṣṭrapālī and Kankā. The five were very beautiful. Ugrasena with his offspring was said to had originated in the Kukura dynasty. Bhajamāna’s son was Mahārathi Viduratha and his son was Rājādhideva. Rājadhideva had two sons named Śoṇāśva and Śvetavāha who were like Kāntiman as the gods and ready to follow rules and fasts. Śoṇāśva had five valiant and warlike sons named Śamī, Devasarmā, Nikunta, Śakra and Śatrujita. Śamī’s son was Pratikṣatra, Prtikṣetra’s son was Bhoja and his son was Hṛdīka. Ten unique mighty sons of Hṛdīka were born. Among them Kṛtavarma was eldest and Śatadhanvā was in middle. The rest were Devārha, Nābha, Dhiṣaṇa, Mahābala, Ajāta, Vanajāta, Kanīyaka and Karambhaka, Devarha had a learned son named Kambalabarhiṣa. He had a son named Asomajā and Asomajā’s son was Tamojā. After that, there were three kings named Sudanṣṭra, Sunābh and Kṛṣṇa, who were the most powerful and famous.[5]

Footnotes and references:

[1]:

Matsya Purāṇa, Ch. 44/15–25

[2]:

Matsya Purāṇa, Ch. 44/28–30, 32

[3]:

Matsya Purāṇa, Ch. 44/35–50

[4]:

Matsya Purāṇa, Ch. 44/51, 56, 61–63

[5]:

Matsya Purāṇa, Ch. 44/64–66, 70–84

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