Yuktidipika [sanskrit]

29,048 words | ISBN-10: 8120841751 | ISBN-13: 9788120841758

The Sanskrit edition of the Yuktidipika—a commentary on Samkhyakarika by Ishvarakrishna. The Yuktidipika is famous for being the longest commentary possibly authored by Rajan or Rajana in the 8th century A.D. The text discusses critical points of doctrine and debates them with other schools. Original titles: Yuktidīpikā (युक्तिदीपिका), Īśvarakṛṣṇa Sāṃkhyakārikā (ईश्वरकृष्ण सांख्यकारिका)

Kārikā 17

āha, samadhigataṃ pradhānam / puruṣa idānīṃ kāryakāraṇavyatirikto'stītyetatpratipādyam / kutaḥ saṃśaya iti cet anupalabhyamānasyobhayathā dṛṣṭatvādityuktam / kiṃ cānyat / ācāryavipratipatteḥ / vijñānaskandhavyatirikto nāsti kaścidartha iti śākyaputrīyāḥ pratipannāḥ / kasmāt ? sarvapramāṇānupalabdheḥ / iha yadasti tatpratyakṣādinā pramāṇenopalabhyate, tadyathā rūpādi / tataśca tāvadayamātmā na pratyakṣata upalabhyate / kasmāt ? aśabdādilakṣaṇāt / nāntaḥpratyakṣataḥ / kasmāt ? triguṇādiviparītasya tadaviṣayatvāt / na pūrvavaccheṣavadbhyām / kāryakāraṇānupapatteḥ / na ca sāmānyatodṛṣṭāt / dharmasāmānyābhāvāt / nāptavacanāt / anabhyupagamāt / na hi bauddhānāṃ śrutismṛtipurāṇetihāsāḥ pramāṇam / yaścaiṣāmāgamaḥ, sa evamāha

"ātmaiva hyātmano nāsti viparītena kalpyate /
naiveha sattvamātmāsti dharmāstvete sahetukāḥ //
dvādaśaiva tavāṅgāni skandhāyatanadhātavaḥ /
vicintya sarvāṇyetāni pudgalo nopalabhyate //
śūnyamādhyātmikaṃ viddhi śūnyaṃ paśya bahirgatam /
na dṛśyate so'pi kaścidyo bhāvayati śūnyatām //

punarapyāha "asti karmāsti vipākaḥ, kārakastu nopalabhyate ya imānsvāndharmānākṣipati / anyāṃśca prati sandadhāti, anyatra dharmasaṃketāt / tasmātsarvapramāṇānupalabdhernāstyātmeti /
ucyate- yattāvaduktaṃ pratyakṣataḥ pūrvavaccheṣavadbhyāṃ cātmano nopalabdhiriti, satyametat / yattūktaṃ sāmānyatodṛṣṭādanupalabdhirātmasāmānyānupapatteriti, tadayuktam /
kasmāt ?

saṃghātaparārthatvāt

iha saṃghātāḥ parārthā dṛṣṭāḥ / tadyathā śayanāsanarathacaraṇādayaḥ / asti cāyaṃ śarīralakṣaṇaḥ saṃghātaḥ / tasmādanenāpi parārthena bhavitavyam / yo'sau paraḥ sa puruṣaḥ / tasmādasti puruṣaḥ /
āha, saṃghātaparārthatvopalabdheḥ / śayanādayo hi satyapi parārthatve saṃghātārthāḥ / yadi ca tairatideśaḥ kāryakāraṇasaṃghātasya kriyate prāptamasya tadvatsaṃghātārthatvam / evaṃ puruṣaviparītārthasiddhiprasaṃgaḥ / athaitadaniṣṭaṃ, na tarhi cakṣurādayaḥ parārthāḥ /
ucyate- na śakyametadāpādayitum / kasmāt ? asaṃhatatvasiddhau vādapravṛtteḥ / siddhe satyasaṃhatatve puruṣasyāyaṃ vādaḥ pravṛttaḥ / tasmānna pārārthyamanena bādhyate / kathamavagamyata iti cet, pratyakṣato'nupalabdheḥ / sati hi saṃghātatve devadattādivadayaṃ puruṣaḥ pratyakṣata evopalabhyeta / tathā ca sati saṃśayābhāvātpravṛttirevāsya vādasya na syāt / tasmādayuktaṃ saṃhatārthāḥ śayanādivaccakṣurādayaḥ /
āha, parasparopakāritvātpārārthyasiddhiḥ / iha kṣetrodakasūryādayaḥ śasyādīnāmupakārakāḥ / tathā kāryakāraṇatvātsaṃghātaśca / yathoktaṃ tasmādayuktameteṣāṃ pāratantryamiti /
ucyate- na śayanādivattato'nyenārthavattvāt / tadyathā śayanādyaṅgānāṃ sati parasparopakāritve tato'nyenārthavattvāttadabhāve cārthānarthakyam / evaṃ cakṣurādīnāṃ sati parasparopakāritve tato'nyenārthavattvaṃ bhavitumarhati / tadabhāve cārthānarthakyamiti /
āha, śayanādīnāṃ devadattārthatvāttasya ca bhedā bahirbhāvātparasparārthatvaprasaṃgaḥ / evaṃ śayanādayo devadattārthāḥ, kāryakāraṇasaṃghātaśca devadattaśabdavācyastatra bhedānāmeva bhedārthatvātpuruṣārthasiddhiḥ / dṛṣṭāntābhāvo / atha mataṃ śayanādayo na devadattārthāḥ, kiṃ tarhi kṣetrajñārthāḥ / tathā sati sādhyasamo dṛṣṭānta iti /
ucyate- na, prasiddhyanurodhāt / satyaṃ kāryakāraṇasaṃghātasya pārārthyam / bhoktṛtvaṃ nopapadyate / loke tu devadattārthatvaṃ śayanādīnāṃ prasiddham / atastadanugacchanto vayamapyevaṃ brūmaḥ / kasmāt ? prasiddheḥ / prasiddhena hyaprasiddhaṃ taddharmatāmāpadyate bhavadbhirapyuktaṃ "yasya hi pratikṣaṇamanyathātvaṃ nāsti tasya bāhyapratyayayoḥ bhedaḥ, paścādviśeṣagrahaṇe nāsti / tadyathā bhūmerapacyamānāyāḥ pākajānām /" na ca bhūmeḥ pratikṣaṇamanyathātvaṃ nāsti, akṣaṇikatvaprasaṃgāt / saukṣmyādduradhigamo bheda iti dṛṣṭāntaḥ prayuktaḥ / tasmātsiddhaṃ saṃghātaparārthatvādasti puruṣaḥ /
itaśca-

triguṇādiviparyayāt

triguṇamaviveki viṣayaḥ sāmānyamacetanaṃ prasavadharmi ca bāhyādhyātmikaṃ tathā pradhānam / tatra yadyetāvadetatsyāt kimapekṣya vyaktāvyaktayostraiguṇyāditi ?
kiṃ cānyat /

adhiṣṭhānāt /

ihākasmikyāṃ pradhānapravṛttāvarthavaśaḥ sanniveśaniyamo na syāt / śrotrādi pṛthivyādīnāṃ devamānuṣatiryakṣu hitayogārthaścāpratiṣedhārthaśca saḥ / tasmādasti tadvyatirikto yadadhiṣṭhitānāṃ guṇānāmayaṃ citrarūpo vipariṇāmaḥ /
kartṛtvaprasaṃgādadhiṣṭhānānupapattiriti cet, syānmataṃ yadi guṇānāṃ puruṣādhiṣṭhitānāṃ pravṛttirabhyupagamyate, kartṛtvamasya prāptam / athākartā na tarhyastyadhiṣṭhātṛtvamiti / etaccāyuktam / kasmāt ? arthe tadupacārāt / yathāpuruṣārthaḥ siddhyati tathā guṇā kāryakāraṇabhāvena vyūhyanta ityatastatpāratantryādeṣāmadhiṣṭhitatvamupapadyate, puruṣasya cādhiṣṭhitṛtvam / ato nāsya kartṛtvaprasaṃgaḥ / tasmādyuktametat adhiṣṭhānātpuruṣaḥ /
kiñcānyat /

puruṣo'sti bhoktṛbhāvāt

iha sukhaduḥkhamohātmakatvādacetanaṃ vyaktamavyaktaṃ ca, tasmādasya paraspareṇa bhogo nopapadyate, ityavaśyaṃ bhoktrā bhavitavyam / yo'sau bhoktā sa puruṣaḥ /
āha, kaḥ punarayaṃ bhogo nāma ?
ucyate- bhoga upalabdhisadbhāvāt /
vijñānameva hi viṣayopalabdhisamarthamityatastāvanmātramevāstu kiṃ puruṣeṇa parikalpiteneti ?
ucyate- kiṃ punaridaṃ vijñānaṃ nāmeti ?
āha, cittaṃ mano vijñānamiti / tacca ṣaḍvidhaṃ jñānaṃ- cakṣurvijñānaṃ, śrotravijñānaṃ, ghrāṇavijñānaṃ, jihvāvijñānaṃ, kāyavijñānaṃ, manovijñānamiti / tatra rūpaṃ pratītya cakṣuścotpadyate cakṣurvijñānam / evaṃ śrotraśabdaghrāṇagandhajihvārasamanodharmāścittamutpādayanti / tasya dharmāḥ - vedanā, saṃjñā, sparśo, manaḥ, saṃskāra evamādayaḥ tasmādvijñānaskandhasyaivopabhogasāmarthānnāstyātmeti /
ucyate- na, acetanavikārasya cetanānupatteḥ / tattu khalvidamiṣyate rūpaṃ pratītya cakṣuścotpadyate cakṣurvijñānamityādi, tenācetanavikāratvāttadacetanaṃ ghaṭādivadityāpannam / tasmānmanodharmaścetaneti manorathamātrametat / vilakṣaṇakāryotpattidarśanāttatsiddhiriti cet, syānmataṃ nāyaṃ niyamaḥ yaduta yajjātīyaṃ kāraṇaṃ tajjātīyakena kāryeṇa bhavitavyam / kiṃ tarhi vilakṣaṇakāryotpattiriti bhāvānāmupalabhyate / tadyathā- śṛṅgāccharo jāyate, golomāvilomabhyo dūrvā / vatsatarānmuka_yaścandrakāntendusaṃyogātsalilam / sūryakāntagomayārkasamparkāt sudhodakasamparkādaraṇīnirmathanāccāgniḥ / evamacetanebhyo rūpādibhyaścetanamutpadyata iti / etaccāyuktam, cetanācetanotpattiniyamavattanniyamāt / yathā satyetasminvilakṣaṇakāryaprādurbhāve bhavataścetanāccittānnācetanaṃ ghaṭādyutpadyata iti niyamaḥ, tathā satyetasminvilakṣaṇakāryaprādurbhāve nācetanebhyo rūpādibhyaścetanaṃ cittamutpadyata ityayaṃ niyamo naḥ / tasmādeṣāṃ dṛṣṭānāṃ sati bahutve māyākāranagaravinyāsavadayathārthajñānaviṣayatvādasādhīyastvam / pradīpavattadvyavastheti cet, syādetat yathācetanebhyaḥ sattvādibhyo'vyavasāyakaṃ ghaṭādyutpadyata iti nedānīṃ vyavasāyako mahānnotpadyate / evaṃ rūpādibhyo'cetanaṃ ghaṭādyutpadyata iti nedānīṃ cetanaṃ cittaṃ notpadyata iti / etadapyanupapannam / kasmāt ? śaktibhedāt / prakāśasvābhāvyādvyavasāyātmakaṃ sattvam / tadyuktaṃ yadi tatprānyādvyavasāyātmako mahānutpadyate / tamaḥ prādhānyādvyavasāyakā ghaṭādayaḥ / bhavatastvekākārāḥ rūpādayaḥ tasmādāyamasamaḥ samādhiriti /
āha, kiṃ vyavasāyacaitanyayoḥ kaścidrūpabhedo'sti na veti ?
ucyate- kiṃ tarhi traiguṇyātsati pratyayarūpatve saṃvedyā buddhiryathā tu vyavasāyarūpaṃ tathā caitanyarūpamiti / tathā ca vārṣagaṇāḥ paṭhanti- buddhivṛttyāviṣṭo hi pratyayatvenānuvartamānāmanuyāti puruṣa iti / āha ca

arthākāra ivābhāti yathā buddhistathā pumān /
ābhāsamāno buddhyāto boddhā maṇivaducyate //
yathā yathā manovṛttiḥ puruṣo'sti tathā tathā /
buddhirūpamavāpnoti cetanatvātparāśrayam //

āha, rūpābhedātpuruṣāntaḥkaraṇayoranyataraparikalpanānarthakyam / yadi tarhi yathā vyavasāyarūpaṃ tathā caitanyarūpam, evaṃ sati vyavasāyamātraṃ parikalpanīyaṃ caitanyamātraṃ ? kasmāt ? na hyekāntakāriṇoryugapat kalpane sāmarthyamasti / rūpāntarābhidhānaṃ / atha vyavasāyacaitanyayoḥ padārthānāmantarameveti nityato viśeṣyate, tarhi vaktavyamidamamuṣyaiva rūpaṃ nāmuṣyeti /
ucyate- ya evamāha rūpābhedādarthābheda iti sa tāvadidaṃ praṣṭavyaḥ- atha kim ? bhavataḥ kiṃ vijñānaviṣayayorākārahedo'sti uta nāstīti ?
netyāha / kasmāt ? ākārāntare sati viṣayaparicchedānupapatteḥ / na hi viṣayasya vijñānapratyavabhāsamantareṇa śakyaṃ svarūpaṃ paricchettum / tatra yadanyākāro gauranyākāraṃ govijñānaṃ syāttena yathānyākāreṇāśvavijñānenānyākārasya goraparicchedaḥ, evamanyākāreṇa govijñānenānyākārasya goparicchedaḥ syāt / tasmānnāsti viṣayavijñānayorākārabheda iti /
ucyate- tayoridānīṃ viṣayaviṣayavijñānayoḥ kimubhayatvamutābheda iti ?
āha, kasmāt ? jñāpyajñāpakabhāvāditi /
ucyate-

jñānavijñeyayoryadvadrūpābhede'pi bhinnatā /
grāhyagrāhakabhāvena tathaivātmaprakāśayoḥ //

yathaiva tarhi bhavataḥ satyapyākārabhede jñānavijñeyayorgrāhyagrāhakabhāvaparikalpanādbheda evaṃ puruṣāntaḥkaraṇayorapīti / grāhyagrāhakabhāvāsiddherayuktamiti cet syādetat, yathā gotadvijñānayorgrāhyagrāhakabhāvo niścito naivaṃ puruṣāntaḥkaraṇayoḥ / tasmādvaiṣamyamiti / etadanupapannam / kasmāt ? mārgāntaragamanāt / prāguktaṃ yeṣāmākārabhedo nāsti teṣāmekatvam / idānīṃ tu rūpābhede'pi grāhyagrāhakabhāvādevaṃ bruvato mārgāntaram / jñānamātrābhyupagamādaśākyīyamiti cet syānmatam, jñānamevāntarāsadviṣayabhūtānurañjitaṃ viṣayaviṣayirūpeṇa pratyavabhāsate / na tu kiṃcidbāhyaṃ kiṃcid grāhyarūpāpannamasti / tasmājjñānavijñeyayorgrāhyagrāhakabhedādbheda ityaśākyīyametat iti / tadapyayuktam / kasmāt ? siddhāntabhedāt / yeṣāṃ bāhyo viṣayo'sti tatpakṣe'yaṃ doṣaḥ / itareṣāṃ tu jñānamātrasya viṣayaviṣayibhāvaṃ pratiṣetsyāma iti /
āha, evamapi viṣayānavasthāprasaṃgaḥ / viṣayiṇo viṣayatvapratijñānāt / yadi viṣayiṇo'pyadhyavasāyasya viṣayabhāvaḥ pratijñāyate, tena puruṣasyāpi viṣayiṇo'nyo viṣayīti prāptam, tasyāpyanya ityanavasthāḥ / atha bhūdayaṃ doṣa iti puruṣo niścayarūpatvānna viṣayo na tarhyadhyavasāyādapi niśceturarthāntaraṃ kalpayitavyamiti /
ucyate- cetanātvātpuruṣe tadanupapattiḥ / indriyāṇi tāvadgrahaṇamātrarūpatvādapratyayānīti pratyayavadantastāvatkaraṇaṃ parikalpyate / anaḥkaraṇamapyupāttaviṣayendriyavṛttyupanipātāttadrūpāpattāvapi satyāmacetanatvātsvayamupalabdhumasamarthameva viṣayamityato bhoktāraṃ cetanaṃ puruṣamapekṣate / puruṣasya tu cetanatvād draṣṭrantaramaśakyaṃ kalpayitum / tasmānnānavasthāprasaṃgaḥ /
āha, puruṣasyādhyavasāyakartṛtvaprasaṃgaḥ, caitanyāt / yadyacetanā buddhistena tasyā adhyavasāyo vṛttirghaṭādivanna prāpnoti / ataḥ puruṣasyādhyavasāyaḥ prāptaḥ / tataśca buddhyabhāva iti /
ucyate- na, kaivalyādapratibandhaprasaṃgāt / anāmiśrarūpaṃ puruṣatattvamiti etadupariṣṭādvakṣyāmaḥ / sa yadi vyavasāyātmakaḥ syāt, apratibandhena diṅniścayādiṣu suptamattamūrcchitānāṃ ca vyavasāyaḥ syāt / dṛṣṭastvevamavasthasya vyavasāyapratibandhaḥ / tasmānna puruṣasya vyavasāyaha / yasya punarantaḥkaraṇaṃ vyavasāyakaṃ tasyaivaṃ doṣo nāsti / kasmāt ? traiguṇyāt / sattvādisaṃsthānaviśeṣo hi buddhiḥ, karaṇāntarapratiṣedhāt / tatra yadādhyavasāyalakṣaṇaṃ sattvaṃ guṇābhāvātpradhānabhūtena tamasā tiraskṛtaśakti bhavati tadādhyavasāyapratibandhaḥ /
āha, kathaṃ punaretad gamyate sarvamidamacetanamiti ?
ucyate- prakṛtivikārabhūtatvāt / iha yatprakṛtivikārabhūtaṃ tadacetanam / tadyathā tantupaṭādayaḥ prakṛtivikārabhūtaṃ tasmādacetanam / ākāśe darśanānnaikānta iti cenna, asiddhatvāt / na hyākāśasyātmapakṣe prakṛtivikāratvābhāvaḥ siddhaḥ / tasmādyuktametatprakṛtivikārabhūtatvādacetanaṃ sarvam / ata eva ca cetanasyāprakṛtivikārabhūtatvaṃ parasparavaidharmyāt / tasmānnānyasya paramārthasya bhoktṛtvamācetanyādupapadyate, na cet sūktaṃ bhoktṛbhāvādasti puruṣaḥ /

kaivalyārthaṃ pravṛtteśca // ISk_17 //

iha pravṛttimatāṃ nimittamantareṇa nivṛttirnopapadyate / pradhānamapi ca pravṛttimad, vyaktadarśanāt / tasmādyasya kaivalyaṃ pradhānapravṛttihetuḥ sa puruṣaḥ / pradhānānabhyupagamādubhayāprasiddhiriti cet syādetat, pradhānaṃ cetanavadasmākamaprasiddham / yāvattasya kaivalyārthaṃ pravṛttirbhavatā puruṣāstitve liṅgamapadiśyate tadidamasiddhaṃ pradipādyata iti / etaccāyuktam / kasmāt ? pūrvaṃ tatpratipādanāt / prākpradhānamapratipādyaivamācakṣāṇaḥ satyamevaṃ paryanuyogārhaḥ syāt, sādhitaṃ tu pradhānaṃ parimāṇādibhirityato na kiṃcidetat /
sarvācāryavipratipatteḥ puruṣārthasiddhiriti cet syānmatam, yadi puruṣasya sattvameva syāttena taṃ pratyācāryāṇāṃ na dharmavivādaḥ syāt / asti cāsau / tathā hi keṣāṃcinnirguṇaḥ, keṣāṃcitparavān / ataḥ sarveṣāṃ vibhuḥ, parimito'nyeṣāṃ, tathaiko naika iti / tasmādbhrāntimātraṃ puruṣakalpaneti / etadanupapannam / kasmāt ? sarvapadārthābhāvaprasaṃgāt / rūpādiṣvapi vipratipatteḥ / keṣāṃcitkṣaṇikāḥ, keṣāṃcitkālāntarāvasthāyinaḥ, tathāśritāḥ, svatantrā ityādi / tathā śrotādīni bhautikāni, āhaṃkārikāṇi, pauruṣāṇīti vipratipattiḥ / evaṃ sarvapadārthābhāvaḥ syāt / tasmādasti puruṣaḥ / tatra yuktaṃ sarvapramāṇānupalabdhernāsti puruṣa iti etadayuktam / yadapyuktam "śūnyakamādhyātmikaṃ paśyeti" tasya paścātpratiṣedhaṃ vakṣyāmaḥ / yatpunaretaduktaṃ "asti karmāsti vipākaḥ kārakastu nopalabhyata" iti satyametat / na hi puruṣaskandhānāṃ nikṣepe pratisaṃdhāne'nyatra kāraka iti naḥ pakṣaḥ / tasmācchreyo'rthibhiḥ sarvāgamatarkaviruddhāṃ nairātmyavādaparikalpanābhrāntimasamañjasāmapohya puruṣasattvaparijñānādeva jananamaraṇādisarvopadravapratipakṣabhūtaṃ paramamṛtaṃ dhruvaṃ sthānamavāptavyamiti // 17 //

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