Kārikā 5

āha- astvevametat / lakṣaṇānabhidhānāttadapratipattiḥ / tasmāttadabhidhānam / anavasthitaṃ hi dṛṣṭādīnāṃ lakṣaṇam, dṛṣṭivaicitryāt / indriyārthasannikarṣotpannaṃ jñānamavyapadeśyamavyabhicāri vyavasāyātmakaṃ pratyakṣamiti kecit / tathātmendriyamano'rthasannikarṣādyanniṣpadyate tadanyadityeke / satsamprayoge puruṣasyendriyāṇāṃ buddhijanma tatpratyakṣamityapare / śrotrādivṛttiriti vārṣagaṇāḥ / kalpanāpoḍhamityanye / itthamanavasthitaṃ lakṣaṇam / iti dṛṣṭādīnāmapratipattiḥ / tasmāllakṣaṇamabhidhānīyam /
ucyate-

prativiṣayādhyavasāyo dṛṣṭam

viṣiṇvantīti viṣayāḥ śabdādayaḥ / athavā viṣīyante upalabhyante ityarthaḥ / te ca dvividhāḥ / viśiṣṭā aviśiṣṭāśca / viśiṣṭāḥ pṛthivyādilakṣaṇā asmadādigamyāḥ / aviśiṣṭāśca tanmātralakṣaṇā yogināmūrdhvasrotasāṃ ca gamyāḥ / vakṣyati caitadupariṣṭāt "buddhīndriyāṇi teṣāṃ pañca viśeṣāviśeṣaviṣayāṇi" (ISk 34) adhyavasāyo buddhiriti (ISk 23) ca vakṣyati / viṣayaṃ prati vartata iti prativiṣayam / kintat ? indriyam / tasmin yo'dhyavasāyaḥ sa prativiṣayādhyavasāyaḥ / upāttaviṣayāṇāmindriyāṇāṃ vṛttyupanipāti sattvodrekādarajastamaskaṃ yatprakāśarūpaṃ tad dṛṣṭamiti yāvat / tad dṛṣṭaṃ pratyakṣamityarthaḥ / etatpramāṇam / anena yaścetanāśakteranugrahastatphalam / prameyāḥ śabdādayaḥ / evamuttaratrāpi pramāṇaphalabhāvo draṣṭavyaḥ /
āha- kiṃ punaridaṃ pramāṇātphalamarthāntaramāhosvidanarthāntaram ?
kathaṃ tāvat bhavitumarhati anarthāntaramiti ?
āha- kasmāt ? adhigamarūpatvāt / adhigamarūpaṃ hi jñānaṃ, tasyotpattyaivādhigato'rtha iti kutaḥ phalabheda iti ?
ucyate- karaṇabhāva idānīṃ kathaṃ syāt ?
āha- karaṇabhāvastu prasiddhivaśāt / viṣayanirbhāsā hi jñānasyotpattiḥ adhigamarūpāpi loke savyāpāreva pratīteti kalpanayā karaṇabhāvo'bhyupagamyate na paramārthataḥ /
ucyate- phalasyārthāntarabhāvaḥ / adhikaraṇabhedāt / buddhyāśrayaṃ hi pramāṇamadhyavasāyākhyam, puruṣāśrayaṃ phalamanugrahalakṣaṇam / na ca bhinnādhikaraṇayorekatvamarhati bhavitum / yattūktamadhigamarūpatvāt jñānameva phalamiti tadanupapannam / kasmāt ? asiddhatvāt / yathaiva hi ghaṭādayo'rthā jñānamantareṇa na tadrūpā nātadrūpā iti na śakyaṃ pratipattum, evaṃ jñānamapi puruṣapratyayamantareṇa na viṣayarūpaṃ nāviṣayarūpam / tathā ca śāstram- "tatsaṃyogādacetanaṃ cetanāvadiva liṅgamiti" (ISk 20) vacanāt / ataḥ puruṣapratyayamantareṇa jñānamadhigamarūpamiti sāṃkhyaṃ pratyasiddhametat / ubhayapakṣaprasiddhena ca vyavahāraḥ / puruṣābhāvādayuktamiti cenna uttaratra pratipādanāt / saṃghātaparārthatvādityatra puruṣāstitvaṃ pratipādayiṣyāmaḥ / tasmāt siddhamadhyavasāyapramāṇavādinaḥ pramāṇātphalamarthāntaramiti /
āha- yadi hyadhyavasāyaḥ pramāṇaṃ kathaṃ laukikaḥ prayogo'rthavān bhavati pratyakṣaṃ vastu iti ?
ucyate- viṣaye pratyakṣaśabdaḥ tatpramitatvāt tatkāraṇātvācca / yathā prasthapramito vrīhirāśiḥ prasthaśabdavācyo bhavati evaṃ pratyakṣapramito'rthaḥ pratyakṣaśabdavācyaḥ syāt /
āha, na / anyatrāpi tatprasaṅgāt / yadi pratyakṣapramitatvādviṣaye pratyakṣaśabdastena tarhi anumāmapramito'rtho'numānamiti syāt / śabdapramito'rthaḥ śabda iti / na cāgnisvargādayaḥ pramāṇaśabdavācyā bhavanti / tasmādviṣamaliṅgaliṅgipūrvakam, yogināṃ ca dhyānabhūmikāsu viharatāmanumānāgamātītaṃ prātibhaṃ yadvijñānamutpadyate tadupasaṃkhyeyaṃ syāt / kutaḥ ? na hi sukhādayaḥ śrotrādivṛttigrāhyāḥ, yogināṃ cātindriyaṃ jñānamiti / yathānyāsaṃ tu kriyamāṇe te'pi viṣayāḥ, teṣāṃ yo'dhyavasāyastasya pratyakṣatvaṃ kena vāryate ?

ucyate- tadabhāvāditaratrāpravṛttiḥ / pramāṇāntare tu nāsti sāmānyaṃ nimittam / katham ? anumīyate'nenetyanumānam / na cāgnyādibhiḥ kaścidanumīyata ityatastulyaśabdavācyatā na bhavati /
āha- adhyavasāyagrahaṇaṃ kimartham ?
ucyate- atiprasaṃganivṛttyartham / prativiṣayaṃ dṛṣṭamitīyatyucyamāne yāvatkiṃcit prativiṣayaṃ vartate'nugrāhakatvenopaghātatvena vā tat sarvaṃ dṛṣṭamityetadāpadyate / adhyavasāyagrahaṇe punaḥ kriyamāṇe na doṣo bhavati /
āha- na, pramāṇādhikārāt / nādhyavasāyaśabdasya prayojanam / kutaḥ ? pramāṇādhikāro'yam / na cādhyavasāyādṛte yatkiṃcidviṣayaṃ pratipadyate tena kiṃcit pramīyate / tena vayaṃ sāmarthyādadhyavasāyamevābhisaṃbhantyasyāmaḥ / tadyathā- adhyayanādhikāre brāhmaṇā ānīyantāmityukte ya evādhīyante ta evānīyante /
ucyate- karaṇāntarāṇāṃ tu sandehanivṛttyartham / evaṃ tarhi śrotrādīnāmanyatamamantaḥkaraṇaṃ cetyetad dvāradvāribhāvena catuṣṭayaṃ viṣayaṃ prati vartate / tasmādadhyavasāyagrahaṇaṃ kriyate sandeho mā bhūditi /
āha- astvatra sandehaḥ, naikena kenacit kaścidviṣaya upādīyate / tena vayaṃ sarveṣāṃ pratyakṣatvaṃ pratipatsyāmahe /
ucyate- sarvābhyupagame hi śāstrahāniḥ / yadi punaḥ sarveṣāmeva pramāṇatvamabhyupagamyate tena yacchāstramekameva darśanaṃ khyātireva darśanamiti taddhīyate / vakṣyati cācāryaḥ "ete pradīpakalpāḥ" (ISk 36), "sarvaṃ pratyupabhogaṃ yasmāt puruṣasya sādhayati buddhiriti" (ISk 37) tadvirudyate / tasmādadhyavasāyagrahaṇaṃ kartavyam / sandeho mā bhūditi /
āha- na, sandehamātrametad bhavati / sarvasandeheṣu caitadupatiṣṭhate- vyākhyānato viśeṣapratipattirna hi saṃdehādalakṣaṇam / tatrādhyavasāyo dṛṣṭamiti vyākhyāsyāmaḥ /
ucyate- muktasaṃśayaṃ cendriyavṛttipratipatteḥ / syādetat, yadyatra sandehaḥ syāt / naivātra sandehaḥ prāptaḥ, kintarhi śrotrātivṛttereva grahaṇam /
āha- kiṃ punaḥ kāraṇaṃ yena nimittāviśeṣe'pi śrotrādivṛtterevātra grahaṇaṃ prāpnoti, nāntaḥkaraṇasyaiva pratyakṣatvam ?
ucyate- tatra ca mukhyā śrotrādivṛttiḥ / kasmāt ? sākṣādviṣayagrahaṇasāmarthyāt / nāntaḥkaraṇam, taddvāreṇa pratipatteḥ / gauṇamukhyayośca mukhye sampratipattiḥ / tadyathā- gauranubandhyaḥ ajo'gnīṣomīya iti vāhīko nānubadhyate /
āha- yadīyaṃ śrotrādivṛttireva pratyakṣamityabhupeyate ka evaṃ sati doṣaḥ syāt ?
ucyate- rāgādiviṣayaṃ yadvijñānaṃ liṅgaliṅgipūrvakam, yogināṃ ca dhyānabhūmikāsu viharatāmanumānāgamatītaṃ prātibhaṃ yadvijñānamutpadyate tadupasaṃkhyeyaṃ syāt / kutaḥ ? na hi sukhādayaḥ śrotrādivṛttibāhyāḥ, yogināṃ cātīndriyaṃ jñānamiti / yathānyāsaṃ tu kriyamāne te'pi viṣayāḥ, teṣāṃ yo'dhyavasāyastasya pratyakṣatvaṃ kena vāryate ?
āha- prativiṣayagrahaṇaṃ tarhi kimartham ?
ucyate - prativiṣayagrahaṇamasadvyudāsārtham / adhyavasāyo dṛṣṭamitīyatyucyamāne mṛgatṛṣṇikālātacakragandharvanagarādiṣu api yo'dhyavasāyastad dṛṣṭamiti / prativiṣayagrahaṇāttu teṣāṃ vyudāsaḥ kṛto bhavati /
āha- yadyevaṃ viṣayādhyavasāya ityeva cocyatām / kimpratigrahaṇena ?
ucyate- pratigrahaṇaṃ sannikarṣārtham / viṣayādhyavasāyo dṛṣṭamitīyatyucyamāne viṣayamātre sampratyayaḥ syāt / pratigrahaṇe punaḥ kriyamāṇe pratirābhimukhye vartate / tena sannikṛṣṭendriyavṛttyupanipātī yo'dhyavasāyastad dṛṣṭamityupalabhyate /
āha- kasya punaratīndriyasannikarṣe pratyakṣatvaṃ prāpnoti ?
ucyate- anumānasya / kasmāt ? taddhi liṅgadarśanādasannikṛṣṭe viṣaye bhavati /
āha- anumānasyāprasaṅgaḥ / sāmānyavihitasya viśeṣavihitena bādhanāt / sāmānye hi viṣayamātre'dhyavasāyasya pratyakṣatvaṃ vidhāya viśeṣe liṅgaliṅgipūrvake'numānaṃ śāsti / sāmānyavihitaṃ ca viśeṣavihitena bādhyate, yathā taddhi brāhmaṇebhyo dīyatāṃ takraṃ kauṇḍinyāyeti /
ucyate- smṛtestarhi pratyakṣatvaṃ prāpnoti / tatrāyamapavādo nābhiniviśata iti /
āha na, smṛteḥ, pramāṇādhikārāt / pramāṇādhikāro'yam / na ca smṛtyā kiṃcit pramīyate / smṛteḥ pramite'rthe prādurbhāvāt /
ucyate- saṃśayasya tarhi prāpnoti /
na saṃśayasya, adhyavasāyagrahaṇāt / adhyavasāyo hi dṛṣṭamityucyate / na ca saṃśayo'dhyavasāyo'niścitatvāt /
ucyate- indriyāntarākūtaviṣaye tu prasaṅgaḥ / evaṃ tarhīndriyārthasannikṛṣṭendriyavṛttyupanipātīti doṣo na bhavati /
āha- rāgādyupasaṃkhyānam / yadi sannikṛṣṭendriyavṛttyupanipātī yo'dhyavasāyastad dṛṣṭamityabhyupeyate, tena rāgādiviṣayaṃ vijñānamatīndriyatvātpratyakṣaṃ na prāpnoti / tasyopasaṃkhyānam kartavyam /
ucyate- na tarhīdaṃ pratigrahaṇamindriyaviśeṣaṇaṃ viṣayaṃ viṣayaṃ prati yo vartate tasmin yo'dhyavasāyastad dṛṣṭamiti / kintarhi- adhyavasāyaviśeṣaṇaṃ viṣayaṃ viṣayaṃ prati yo'dhyavasāya iti /
āha- adhyavasāyaviśeṣaṇamiti cet, śabdādyupasaṃkhyānam / śabdādīnāmeva tena pratyakṣatvaṃ prāpnoti / teṣāmupasaṃkhyānaṃ kartavyaṃ prāpnoti / kiṃ kāraṇam ? antaḥkaraṇasya taiḥ sannikarṣānupapatteḥ / pratigrahaṇaṃ sannikarṣārthamiti pūrvamatisṛṣṭaṃ bhavatā / taccedānīmantaḥkaraṇaviśeṣaṇam / na cāntaḥkaraṇasya śabdādibhiḥ sannikarṣa upapadyate, śrotrādivaiyarthyaprasaṅgāt / dvāridvārabhāvasyāpaghātaprasaṅgācca / tasmātsudūramapi gatvā pratigrahaṇaṃ pratyākhyānānna mucyate / rāgādyupasaṃkhyānādveti /
ucyate- astu tarhīndriyāṇāṃ prati viṣayagrahaṇaṃ viśeṣaṇam / yattūktaṃ rāgādīnāmupasaṃkhyānaṃ kartavyamiti tatra brūmaḥ / ekaśeṣanirdeśāt siddham / evaṃ tarhi prativiṣayādhyavasāyaśca prativiṣayādhyavasāyaśca prativiṣayādhyavasāya iti sarūpāṇāmekaśeṣaḥ kariṣyate / tatraikena bahiraṅgasyaindriyasya pratyakṣasya parigrahaḥ / dvitīyenāntaraṅgasya prātibhasyeti rāgādiviṣayaṃ yogināṃ ca yadvijñānaṃ tat saṃgṛhītaṃ bhavatīti vyākhyātaṃ pratyakṣam /
āha- anumānamidānīṃ vaktavyam /
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trividhamanumāmamākhyātam /

anumānaṃ triprakāramācāryairākhyātam / pūrvavat, śeṣavat, sāmānyatodṛṣṭaṃ ca / tatra pūrvamiti kāraṇamucyate / yasya hi yat kāraṇaṃ sa loke tatpūrvaka ityucyate / yathā tantupūrvakaḥ paṭo, devadattapūrvako yajñadatta iti / pūrvamasyāstīti pūrvavat / śeṣa iti vikāranāma, śiṣyata iti kṛtvā / tathā coktam- na śeṣo'gneranyasya jātamityasti / nāpatyamanyena jātaṃ sambhavatītyarthaḥ / śeṣo'syāstīti śeṣavat /
tatra pūrvavat yadā kāraṇamabhyuditaṃ bhaviṣayattvaṃ kāryasya pratipadyate / tadyathā meghodaye bhaviṣyattvaṃ vṛṣṭeḥ /
āha- naitadastyudāharaṇamanekāntāt / na hi meghodayo'vaśyaṃ vṛṣṭeḥ kāraṇaṃ bhavati, vāyvādinimittapratibandhasambhavāt /
ucyate- yadi tarhi kāraṇaśaktiṃ sahakāriśaktyantarānugṛhītāmapratiyoginīṃ dṛṣṭvā kāryasya vyaktiṃ pratipadyate / tadyathā yadā lauhadaṇḍādisādhanasampanne vyāpāravatā kumbhakāreṇādhiṣṭhitāṃ mṛdamupalabhya ghaṭasya, tadā pūrvavat /
śeṣavat- yadā kāryanirvṛtiṃ dṛṣṭvā kāraṇasadbhāvaṃ pratipadyate / tadyathā kumārakaṃ dṛṣṭvā dvayasamāpattim /
āha- naitadastyudāharaṇam / anekāntāt / na hi dvayasamāpattipūrvaka eva prāṇabhṛtāṃ prādurbhāvo, droṇādīnāmanyathotpattiviśeṣaśravaṇāt /
ucyate- yadā tarhi prabhānuraṃjitamantarikṣaṃ dṛṣṭvā candrārkayorudayaṃ pratipadyate tadā śeṣavat /
āha- etadapi nāstyudāharaṇam / anekāntāt / na hi prabhānurāgo'ntarikṣe candrārkanimitta eva bhavati / kintarhi digdāhādinimitto'pi /
ucyate - yadā tu nadīpūraṃ dṛṣṭvā vṛṣṭiṃ pratipadyate tadā śeṣavat /
etadapi nāstyudāharaṇam / anekāntāt / nadīpūrasya hi nimittamanekavidhaṃ bhavatīti himilayanasetubhaṃgagajakrīḍādi / tasmādayuktametat /
ucyate yadā tarhi parṇaṃ dṛṣṭvā śālūkaṃ pratipadyate, aṃkuraṃ vā dṛṣṭvā bījamiti tadā śeṣavat /
athavā punarastu pūrvakamevodāharaṇam / yattūktaṃ- anekāntāditi atra brūmaḥ- vītāvītasāmarthyāt / vītāvītābhyāṃ hetubhūtābhyāmabhipretārthasiddhiriti vakṣyāmaḥ / prasaṃgidharmāntaranivṛttimukhena cāvītaprayogaḥ / tatra yadā prasaṃgināṃ himavilayanādīnāṃ deśakālaliṅgaiḥ pratiṣedhaḥ kriyate tadā muktasaṃśayaṃ pratipattirbhavati / deśastāvattad yathā- dakṣiṇāpathe nāsti himavilayanasambhavaḥ / kālato yathā prāvṛṭkāle / liṅgato'pi yasmānmudgagavedhukaśyāmākakāṣṭhasūtraśakṛtprabhṛtīnāmanupalambhastathoṣmakaluṣatvādīnāmupalambhaḥ / tasmāt pariśeṣato medhyā evāpa iti / tasmānnānekāntaḥ / evaṃ kṛtvā pūrvāṇyapyudāharaṇāni upapannāni bhavanti / deśādivicārasāmarthyāt /
sāmānyatodṛṣṭaṃ nāma yatraikadārthayoravyabhicāramupalabhya deśāntare kālāntare ca tajjātīyayoravyabhicāraṃ pratipadyate / tadyathā kvaciddhūmāgnisambandhaṃ dṛṣṭvā kvaciddhūmāntareṇāgnyantarasyāstitvaṃ pratipadyate /
āha- naitadastyudāharaṇam / aviśeṣaprasaṅgāt / sarvatraiva hyanumāne kvacidarthayoravyabhicāramupalabhyānyatra tajjātīyayorarthayoravyabhicāraṃ pratipadyate / tadyathā kvacit sādhanavato mṛtpiṇḍād ghaṭaniṣpattimupalabhyānyatra sādhanavataḥ piṇḍāntarādghaṭāntaraniṣpattiṃ pratipadyate, tathaikatra nadīpūrād vṛṣṭimupalabhyānyatra nadīpūrāntarādvṛṣṭyantaramavasīyate / tathā ca sati trayāṇāmaviśeṣaprasaṃgaḥ /
ucyate- yadā tarhi sahabhuvāmekasya viśiṣṭaguṇamupalabhya śeṣāṇāmapi tadvattvamanumīyate tadā sāmānyatodṛṣṭam / tadyathā vṛkṣādekasya phalasya pākamupalabhya śeṣāṇāṃ vṛkṣāntarāṇāṃ ca pāko'numīyate / āha- etadapi nāstyudāharaṇam / anekātantāt / na hi sarveṣāṃ phalānāṃ tulyakālaṃ pāko bhavati / pūrvāparakālaniṣpannatvāt, nimittabhedācca / ucyate- yadā tarhi samudrādekamudababinduṃ prāśya śeṣasya lavaṇatānumīate / sthālyāṃ vaikaṃ pulākamupalabhya śeṣāṇāṃ pāko'numīyate tadā sāmānyatodṛṣṭam / āha- naitadastyudāharaṇam / akṛtsnasaṅgrahāt / vakṣyatyayamupariṣṭādācāryaḥ "sāmānyatastu dṛṣṭādatīndriyāṇāṃ pratītiranumānāditi" (ISk 6) / tatraivaṃ pramāṇe parikalpyamāne kāryakāraṇayostatsaṃghātānāṃ ca sukhaduḥkhamohasvabhāvopalambhāttanmātrāhaṅakārapradhānānāṃ samadhigamaḥ syāt / na puruṣasya, tajjātīyārthānupalambhāt /
ucyate- yadā tarhi kvaciddharmeṇa dharmāntarasyāvyabhicāramupalabhyaikadharmopalambhādbhinnajātīye'tyantānupalabdhasya dharmāntarasya pratipattistadā sāmānyatodṛṣṭam / tadyathā - devadatte gamanāddeśāntaraprāptimupalabhyātyantādṛṣṭajyotiṣāṃ deśāntaraprāptergamanamanumīyate / tathā prāsādādīnāṃ vṛddhipūrvakaṃ dīrghatvamupalabhyauṣadhivanaspatīnāṃ dīrghatvadarśanādvṛddhiranumīyate /
āha- naitadapyastyudāharaṇam / pūrveṇāviśeṣāt / kāryāt kāraṇasyādhigamaḥ śeṣavaditi pūrvamatisṛṣṭaṃ bhavatā / atrāpi ca deśāntaraprāptilakṣaṇāt kāryād gatilakṣaṇasya kāraṇasyādhigamaḥ / tasmāt śeṣavatsāmānyatodṛṣṭayorabhedaprasaṃgaḥ /
ucyate- na, aniyamāt / yatra hi niyamataḥ kāryeṇa kāraṇamadhigamyate taccheṣavaditi ayamasmadabhisandhiḥ / na tu tadasti sāmānyatodṛṣṭe / kasmāt ? saṃghātatvasāmānyāt / pārārthyasāmānyasādhanamapi dṛśyate / yathāha- avyabhicārādviśeṣāstu pratītāḥ pratipādakāḥ iti / sādhyasādhanasāmānyayorapi dṛśyate, yathānityaḥ śabdaḥ kṛtakatvāditi / tatraivaṃ sati niyamavādinaḥ pratijñāhāniḥ / etenāsiddhaviruddhānaikāntikasādhanābhāsāḥ pratyuktāḥ / te hi saṃśayaviparyayājñānahetukatvādagamakā iti vyākhyātamanumānam /
āha- āptavacanasya kiṃ lakṣaṇamiti ?
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āptaśrutirāptavacanantu // ISk_5 //

āptā nāma rāgādiviyuktasyāgṛhyamāṇakāraṇaparārthāḥ vyāhṛtiḥ / śravaṇaṃ śrutiḥ / āptā cāsau śrutirāptaśrutiḥ / athavā āptāsyāstītyāptaḥ / akāro matvarthīyaḥ / tadyathā tundo ghaṭa iti / āptebhyaḥ śrutirāptaśrutiḥ / āptaśrutiścāptaśrutiḥ / sarūpāṇimityekaśeṣaḥ / tatra pūrveṇāptaśrutigrahanena pratipādayati apuruṣabuddhipūrvaka āmnāyaḥ, svatantraḥ puruṣaniḥśreyasārthaṃ pravartamāno niḥsaṃśayaṃ pramāṇamiti / dvitīyena manvādinibandhanānāṃ ca smṛtīnāṃ vedāṅgatarketihāsapurāṇānāṃ śiṣṭānāṃ nānāśilpābhiyuktānāṃ cāduṣṭamanasāṃ yadvacastatpramāṇamityetasiddhaṃ bhavati / tuśabdo'vadhāraṇārthaḥ / āptaśrutirevāptavacanaṃ na śabdamātram /
evaṃ sati yaduktaṃ tantrāntarīyaiḥ śiṃśapādiśabdānāṃ nirvikalpamanumāne'ntarbhāvastrilakṣaṇatvāditi tadayatnataḥ pratikṣiptaṃ bhavatīti vyākhyātāni pramāṇāni / etaiḥ pūrvoktaṃ prameyaṃ yathāsvaṃ pratipattavyamiti // 5 //