Bhagavad-gita with four Commentaries [sanskrit]

140,673 words | ISBN-10: 8189564072 | ISBN-13: 9788189564070

The Sanskrit edition of the Bhagavad Gita with four commentaries: (1) The Subodhini by Shridhara (Sridhara Swami), (2) The Gudharthadipika by Madhusudana (Saraswati), (3) The Sararthavarshini by Vishvanatha (Vishwanath Chakravarti) and (4) The Gitabhushana by Baladeva (Vidyabhushan). Original titles: Bhagavadgītā (भगवद्गीता), Śrīdhara (श्रीधर), Madhusūdana (मधुसूदन), Viśvanātha (विश्वनाथ), Baladeva (बलदेव)

daivī hyeṣā guṇamayī mama māyā duratyayā |
māmeva ye prapadyante māyāmetāṃ taranti te ||14||

The Subodhinī commentary by Śrīdhara

ke tarhi tvāṃ jānantīti ? ata āha daivīti | daivyalaukikī | atyadbhutetyarthaḥ | guṇamayī sattvādiguṇavikārātmikā | mama parameśvarasya śaktirmāyā duratyayā dustarā hi | prasiddhimetam | tathāpi māmeva ityevakāreṇāvyabhicāriṇyā bhaktyā ye prapadyante bhajanti māyāmetāṃ sudustarāmapi te taranti | tato māṃ jānantīti bhāvaḥ ||14||

The Gūḍhārthadīpikā commentary by Madhusūdana

nanu yathoktānādisiddhamāyāguṇatrayabaddhasya jagataḥ svātntryābhāvena tatparivarjanāsāmārthyānna kadācidapi māyātikramaḥ syādvastuvivekāsāmārthyahetoḥ sadātanatvādityāśaṅkya bhagavadekaśaraṇatayā tattvajñānadvāreṇa māyātikramaḥ sambhavatītyāha daivīti | daivī eko devo sarvabhūteṣu gūḍhaḥ [ŚvetU 6.11] ityādiśrutipratipādite svatodyotanavati deve svaprakāśacaitanyānande nirvibhāge tadāśrayatayā tadviṣayatayā ca kalpitā āśrayatvaviṣayatvabhāginī nirvibhāgacitireva kevalā [Saṃ.Śārī 1.319] ityukteḥ | eṣā sākṣipratyakṣatvenāpalāpānarhā | hiśabdādbhramopādānatvādarthāpattisiddhā ca | guṇamayī sattvarajastamoguṇatrayātmikā | triguṇarajjur
ivātidṛdhatvena bandhanahetuḥ | mama māyāvinaḥ parameśvarasya sarvajagatkāraṇasya sarvajñasya sarvaśakteḥ svabhūtā svādhīnatvena jagatsṛṣṭyādinirvāhikā | māyā tattvapratibhāsipratibandhenātattvapratibhāsaheturāvaraṇavikṣepaśaktidvayavatyavidyā sarvaprapañcaprakṛtiḥ māyāṃ tu prakṛtiṃ vidyānmāyinaṃ tu maheśvaram [ŚvetU 4.19] iti śruteḥ |

atraivaṃ prakriyā | jīveśvarajagadvibhāgaśūnye caitanye'dhyastānādiravidyā sattvaprādhānyena svacchā darpaṇa iva mukhabhāsaṃ cidābhāsamāgṛhṇāti | tataśca bimbasthānīyaḥ parameśvara upādhidoṣānāskanditaḥ pratibimbasthānīyaśca jīva upādhidoṣāskanditaḥ | īśvarācca jīvabhogāyākāśādikrameṇa śarīrendriyasaṅghātastadbhogyaśca kṛtsnaḥ prapañco jāyata iti kalpanā bhavati | bimbapratibimbamukhānugatamukhavacceśajīvānugataṃ māyopādhi caitanyaṃ sākṣīti kalpyate | tenaiva ca svādhyastā māyā tatkāryaṃ ca kṛtsnaṃ prakāśyate | ataḥ sākṣyabhiprāyeṇa daivīti bimbeśvarābhiprāyeṇa tu memeti bhagavtoktam | yadyapyavidyāpratibimba eka eva jīvastathāpyavidyāgatānām
antaḥkaraṇasaṃskārāṇāṃ bhinnatvāttadbhedenāntaḥkaraṇopādhestasyātra bhedavyapadeśo māmeva ye prapadyante duṣkṛtino mūḍhā na prapadyante, caturvidhā bhajante māmityādiḥ | śrutau ca tadyo devānāṃ pratyabudhyata sa eva tadabhavattatha rṣīṇāṃ tathā manuṣyāṇām [BAU 1.4.10] ityādiḥ |

antaḥkaraṇopādhibhedāparyālocane tu jīvatvaprayojakopādherekatvādekatvenaivātra vyapadeśaḥ | kṣetrajñaṃ cāpi māṃ viddhi sarvakṣetreṣu [Gītā 13.2], prakṛtiṃ puruṣaṃ caiva viddhyanādī ubhāvapi [Gītā 13.19], mamaivāṃśo jīvaloke jīvabhūtaḥ sanātanaḥ [Gītā 15.7] ityādi | śrutau ca brahma idamagra āsīttadātmānamevāvedahaṃ brahmāsmīti tasmāttatsarvamabhavat[BAU 1.4.10], eko devaḥ sarvabhūteṣu gūḍhaḥ [ŚvetU 6.11], anena jīvenā''tmanānupraviśya [ChāU 6.3.2]

bālāgraśatabhāgasya śatadhā kalpitasya ca |
bhāgo jīvaḥ sa vijñeyaḥ sa cānantyāya kalpate || [ŚvetU 5.9] ityādiḥ |

yadyapi darpaṇagataścaitrapratibimbaḥ svaṃ paraṃ ca na jānātyacetanāṃśasyaiva tatra pratibimbitatvāttathāpi citpratibimbaścittvādeva svaṃ paraṃ ca jānāti | pratibimbapakṣe bimbacaitanya evopādhisthatvamātrasya kalpitatvāt | ābhāsapakṣe tasyānirvacanīyatve'pi jaḍavilakṣaṇatvāt | sa ca yāvatsvabimbaikyamātmano na jānāti tāvajjalasūrya iva jalagatakampādikamupādhigataṃ vikārasahasramanubhavati | tadetadāha duratyayeti | bimbabhūteśvaraikyasākṣātkāramantareṇātyetuṃ taritumaśakyeti duratyayā | ataeva jīvo'ntaḥkaraṇāvacchinnatvāttatsambaddhamevākṣyādidvārā bhāsayan kiṃcijjño bhavati | tataśca jānāmi karomi bhuñje cetyanarthaśatabhājanaṃ bhavati
| sa cedbimbabhūtaṃ bhagavantamanantaśaktiṃ māyāniyantāraṃ sarvavidaṃ sarvaphaladātāramaniśamānandaghanamūrtimanekaānavatārān bhaktānugrahāya vidadhatamārādhayati samarpaṇena tadā bimbasamarpitasya pratibimbe pratiphalanātsarvānapi puruṣārthānāsādayati | etadevābhipretya prahlādenoktaṃ

naivātmanaḥ prabhurayaṃ nijalābhapūrṇo
mānaṃ janādaviduṣaḥ karuṇo vṛṇīte |
yadyajjano bhagavate vidadhīta mānaṃ
taccātmane pratimukhasya yathā mukhaśrīḥ || [BhP 7.9.11] iti |

darpaṇapratibimbitasya mukhasya tilakādiśrīrapekṣitā cedbimbabhūte mukhe samarpaṇīyā | svayameva tatra pratiphalati nānyaḥ kaścittatprāptāvupāyo'sti yathā tathā bimbabhūteśvare samarpitameva tatpratibimbabhūto jīvo labhate nānyaḥ kaścittasya puruṣārthalābhe'styupāya iti dṛṣṭāntadārṣṭānikayorarthaḥ |

tasya yadā bhagavantamanantamanavaratamārādhayato'ntaḥkaraṇaṃ jñānapratibandhakapāpena rahitaṃ jñānānukūlapuṇyena copacitaṃ bhavati tadātinirmale mukuramaṇḍala iva mukhamatisvacche'ntaḥkaraṇe sarvakarmatyāgaśamadamādipūrvakagurūpasadanavedāntavākyaśravaṇamanananididhyāsanaiḥ saṃskṛte tattvamasītigurūpadiṣṭavedānntavākyakaraṇikāhaṃ brahmāsīmtyanātmākāraśūnyā nirupādhicaitanyākārā sākṣātkārātmikā vṛttirudeti | tasyāṃ ca pratiphalaitaṃ caitanyaṃ sadya eva svaviṣayāśrayāmavidyāmunmūlayati dīpa iva tamaḥ | tatastasyā nāśāttayā vṛttyā sahākhilasya kāryaprapañcasya nāśaḥ | upādānanāśādupādeyanāśasya sarvatantrasiddhāntasiddhatvāt
| tadetadāha bhagavānmāmeva ye prapadyante māyāmetāṃ taranti te iti | ātmetyevopāsīta [BAU 1.4.7], tadātmānamevāvet[BAU 1.4.10], tameva dhīro vijñāya [BAU 4.4.23], tameva viditvātimṛtyumeti [ŚvetU 6.15] ityādiśrutiṣvivehāpi māmevetyevakāro'pyanuparaktatāpratipattyarthaḥ | māmeva sarvopādhivirahitaṃ vidānandasadātmānamakhaṇḍaṃ ye prapadyante vedāntavākyajanyayā nirvikalpasākṣātkārarūpayā nirvacanānarhaśuddhacidākāratvadharmaviśiṣṭayā sarvasukṛtaphalabhūtayā nididhyāsanaparipākaprasūtayā cetovṛttyā sarvājñānatatkāryavirodhinyā viṣayīkurvanti te ye kecidetāṃ duratikramaṇīyāmapi māyāmakhilānarthajanmabhuvamanāyāsenaiva taranti atikrāmanti tasya ha na devāścanābhūtyā īśata ātmā hyeṣā sa bhavati
[BAU 1.4.10] iti śruteḥ | sarovādhinivṛttyā saccidānandaghanarūpeṇaiva tiṣṭhantītyartaḥ | bahuvacanaprayogo dehendriyādisaṃghātabhedanbandhanātmabhedabhrāntyanuvādārthaḥ |

prapaśyantīti vaktavye prapadyanta ityukte'rthe madekaśaraṇāḥ santo māmeva bhagavantaṃ vāsudevamīdṛśamanantasaundaryasārasarvasvamakhilakalākalāpanilayamabhinavapaṅkajaśobhādhikacaraṇakamalayugalaprabhamanavarataveṇuvādananiratavṛndāvanakrīḍāsaktamānasaheloddhṛtagovardhanākhyamahīdharaṃ gopālaṃ niṣūditaśiśupālakaṃsādiduṣṭasaṅghamabhinavajaladaśobhāsarvasvaharaṇacaraṇaṃ paramānandaghanamayamūrtimativairiñcaprapañcamanavaratamanucintayanto divasānativāhayanti te matpremamahānandasamudramagnamanasastathā samastamāyāguṇavikārairnābhibhūyante | kintu madvilāsavinodakuśalā ete madunmūlanasamarthā iti śaṅkamāneva māyā tebhyo'pasarati vāravilāsinīva krodhanebhyastapodhanebhyastasmānmāyātaraṇārthī
māmīdṛśameva santatamanucintayedityapyabhipretaṃ bhagavataḥ | śrutayaḥ smṛtayaścātrārthe pramāṇīkartavyāḥ ||14||

The Sārārthavarṣiṇī commentary by Viśvanātha

nanu tarhi triguṇamayamohātkathamuttīrṇā bhavanti ? tatrāha daivīti | daivī viṣayānandena dīvyantīti devā jīvāstadīyā teṣāṃ mohayitrītyarthaḥ | guṇamayī śleṣeṇa triveṣṭanamahāpāśarūpā | mama parameśvarasya māyā bahiraṅgā śaktirduratyayā duratikramā | pāśapakṣe, chettumudgranthayituṃ kenāpyaśaktyetyarthaḥ | kintu madvāci viśvasihi iti svavakṣaḥ spṛṣṭvāha māṃ śyāmasundarākārameva ||14||

The Gītābhūṣaṇa commentary by Baladeva

nanu triguṇāyastanmāyāyā nityatvāttaddhetukasya mohasya vinivṛttirdurghaṭeti cettatrāha daivīti | mama sarveśvarasyāvitarkyātivicitrānantaviśvasraṣṭureṣā māyā daivī | alaukikyatyadbhutetyarthaḥ | tādṛkviśvasargopakaraṇatvāt | śrutiścaivamāha māyāṃ tu prakṛtiṃ vidyānmāyinaṃ tu maheśvaram [ŚvetU 4.10] ityādyā | guṇamayī sattvādiguṇatrayātmikā, śleṣeṇa triguṇitā rajjurivātidṛḍhatayā jīvānāṃ bandhuhetuḥ | ato duratyayā teṣāṃ duratikramā | rajjupakṣe chettumudgrathituṃ ca tairaśaktyetyarthaḥ | yadyapyetādṛśī tathāpi madbhaktyā tadvinivṛttiḥ syādityāha māmiti | māṃ sarveśvaraṃ māyāniyantāraṃ
svaprapannavātsalyanīradhiṃ kṛṣṇaṃ ye tādṛśasatprasaṅgātprapadyate śaraṇaṃ gacchanti te etāmarṇavamivāpārāṃ māyāṃ goṣpadodakāñjalimivāśrameṇa taranti | tāṃ tīrtvānadaikarasaṃ prasādābhimukhaṃ svasvāminaṃ māṃ prāpnuvantīti | māmevetyevakāro madanyeṣāṃ vidhirudrādīnāṃ prapattyā tasyāstaraṇaṃ netyāha śrutiścaivamāha tameva viditvetyādyā mucukundaṃ prati devāśca

varaṃ vṛṇīṣva bhadraṃ te ṛte kaivalyamadya naḥ |
eka eveśvarastasya bhagavān viṣṇuravyayaḥ || [BhP 10.51.20] iti |

ghaṇṭākarṇaṃ prati śivaśca muktipradātā sarveṣāṃ viṣṇureva na saṃśayaḥ iti ||14||

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