Bhagavad-gita with four Commentaries [sanskrit]

140,673 words | ISBN-10: 8189564072 | ISBN-13: 9788189564070

The Sanskrit edition of the Bhagavad Gita with four commentaries: (1) The Subodhini by Shridhara (Sridhara Swami), (2) The Gudharthadipika by Madhusudana (Saraswati), (3) The Sararthavarshini by Vishvanatha (Vishwanath Chakravarti) and (4) The Gitabhushana by Baladeva (Vidyabhushan). Original titles: Bhagavadgītā (भगवद्गीता), Śrīdhara (श्रीधर), Madhusūdana (मधुसूदन), Viśvanātha (विश्वनाथ), Baladeva (बलदेव)

naiva tasya kṛtenārtho nākṛteneha kaścana |
na cāsya sarvabhūteṣu kaścidarthavyapāśrayaḥ || 18 ||

The Subodhinī commentary by Śrīdhara

tatra hetumāha naiveti | kṛtena karmaṇā tasya arthaḥ puṇyaṃ naivāsti | na cākṛtena kaścana ko'pi pratyavāyo'sti | nirahaṅkāratvena vidhiniṣedhātītatvāt | tathāpi tasmāttadeṣāṃ devānāṃ na priyaṃ yadetanmanuṣā viduriti śrtuermokṣe devakṛtavighnasambhavāttatparihārārthaṃ karmabhirdevāḥ sevyā ityāśaṅkyoktaṃ sarvabhūteṣu brahmādisthāvarānteṣu kaścidarthavyapāśrayaḥ āśraya eva vyapāśrayaḥ | artho mokṣa āśrayaṇīyo'sya nāstītyarthaḥ | vighnābhāvasya śrutyaivoktatvāt | tathā ca śrutiḥ tasya ha na devāśca nābhūtyā īśate ātmā hyeṣāṃ sa bhavati iti śravaṇāt
| hanetyavyayamapyarthe | devā api tasyātmatattvajñasya abhūtyai brahmabhāvapratibandhāya neśate na śaknuvantīti śruterarthaḥ | devakṛtāstu vighnāḥ samyagjñānotpatteḥ prāgeva | yadetadbrahma manuṣyā vidustadeṣāṃ devānāṃ na priyamiti brahmajñānasyaiva apriyatvoktyā tatraiva vighnakartṛtvasya sūcitatvāt ||18||

The Gūḍhārthadīpikā commentary by Madhusūdana

nanvātmavido'pi abhyudayārthaṃ niḥśreyasārthaṃ pratyavāyaparihārārthaṃ karma syādityata āha naiveti | tasyātmarateḥ kṛtena karmaṇābhyudayalakṣaṇo niḥśreyasalakṣaṇo vārthaṃ prayojanaṃ naivāsti tasya svargādyabhyudayānarthitvāt | niḥśreyasasya ca karmāsādhyatvāt | tathā ca śrutiḥ parīkṣya lokān karmacittān brāhmaṇo nirvedamāyānnāstyakṛtaḥ kṛtena iti | akṛto nityo mokṣaḥ kṛtena karmaṇā nāstītyarthaḥ | jñānasādhyasyāpi vyāvṛttirevakāreṇa sūcitā | ātmarūpasya hi niḥśreyasya nityaprāptasyājñānamātramaprāptiḥ | tacca tattvajñānamātrāpanodyam | tasmiṃstattvajñānenāpanunne
tasyātmavido na kiṃcitkarmasādhyaṃ jñānasādhyaṃ prayojanamastītyarthaḥ |

evaṃbhūtenāpi pratyavāyaparihārārthaṃ karmāṇyanuṣṭheyānyevetyata āha nākṛteneti | bhāve niṣṭhā | nityakarmākaraṇeneha loke garhitatvarūpaḥ pratyavāyaprāptirūpo kaścanārtho nāsti | sarvatropapattim āhottarārdhena | co hetau | yasmādasyātmavidaḥ sarvabhūteṣu brahmādisthāvarānteṣu ko'pi arthavyapāśrayaḥ prayojanasambandho nāsti | kaṃcidbhūtaviśeṣamāśritya ko'pi kriyāsādhyo'rtho nāstīti vākyārthaḥ | ato'sya kṛtākṛte niṣprayojanaṃ naiva kṛtākṛte tapataḥ iti śruteḥ | tasya ha na devāścanābhūtyā īśata ātmā hyeṣāṃ na bhavati iti śruterdevā api tasya mokṣābhavanāya na samarthā ityukterna vighnābhāvārtham
api devārādhanarūpakarmānuṣṭhānamityabhiprāyaḥ |

etādṛśo brahmavidbhūmikāsaptakabhedena nirūpito vasiṣṭhena

jñānabhūmiḥ śubhecchākhyā prathamā parikīrtitā |
vicāraṇā dvitīyā syāttṛtīyā tanumānasā ||
sattvāpattiścaturthī syāttato'saṃsaktināsikā |
padārthābhāvanī ṣaṣṭhī saptamī turyagā smṛtā || iti |

tatra nityānityavastuvivekādipuraḥsarā phalaparyavasāyinī mokṣecchā prathamā | tato gurumupasṛtya vedāntavākyavicāraḥ śravaṇamananātmako dvitīyā | tato nididhyāsanābhyāsena manasa ekāgratayā sūkṣmavastugrahaṇayogyatvaṃ tṛtīyā | etadbhūmikātrayaṃ sādhanarūpaṃ jāgradavasthocyate yogibhiḥ | bhedena jagato bhānāt | taduktam

bhūmikātritayaḥ tvetadrāma jāgraditi sthitam |
yathāvadbhedabuddhyedaṃ jagajjāgrati dṛśyate || iti |

tato vedāntavākyānnirvikalpako brahmātmaikyasākṣātkāraścaturthī bhūmikā phalarūpā sattvāpattiḥ svapnāvasthocyate | sarvasyāpi jagato mithyātvena sphuraṇāt | taduktam

advaite sthairyamāyāte dvaite praśamamāgate |
paśyanti svapnavallokaṃ caturthīṃ bhūmikāmitāḥ || iti |

so'yaṃ caturthabhūmiṃ prāpto yogī brahmavidityucyate | pañcamīṣaṣṭhīsaptamyastu bhūmikā jīvanmukterevāvāntarabhedāḥ | tatra savikalpakasamādhyabhyāsena niruddhe manasi nirvikalpakasamādhyavasthā sāsaṃsaktiriti suṣuptiriti cocyate | tataḥ svayameva vyutthānāt | so'yaṃ yogī brahmavidvaraḥ | tatastadabhyāsaparipākeṇa cirakālāvasthāyinī padārthābhāvanīti gāḍhasuṣuptiriti cocyate | tataḥ svayamanusthitasya yoginaḥ paraprayatnenaiva vyutthānāt | so'yaṃ brahmavidvarīyān | uktaṃ hi

pañcamīṃ bhūmikāmetya suṣuptipadanāmikām |
ṣaṣṭhīṃ gāḍhasuṣuptyākhyāṃ kramātpatati bhūmikām || iti |

yasyāstu samādhyavasthāyā na svato na parato vyutthito bhavati sarvathā bhedadarśanābhāvāt | kintu sarvadā tanmaya eva svaprayatnamantareṇaiva parameśvarapreritaprāṇavāyuvaśādanyairnirvāhyamāṇadaihikavyavahāraḥ paripūrṇaparamānandaghana eva sarvatastiṣṭhati | saptamī turīyāvasthā | tāṃ prāpto brahmavidvariṣṭha ityucyate | uktaṃ hi

ṣaṣṭhyāṃ bhūmāmasau sthitvā saptamīṃ bhūmikāmāpnuyāt |
kiṃcidevaiṣa sampannastvathavaiṣa na kiṃcana ||
videhamuktatā tūktā saptamī yogabhūmikā |
agamyā vacasāṃ śāntā sīmā yogabhūmiṣu || iti |

yāmadhikṛtya śrīmadbhāgavate smaryate

dehaṃ ca naśvaramavasthitamutthitaṃ
siddho na paśyati yato'dhyagamatsvarūpam |
daivādapetamatha daivavaśādupetaṃ
vāso yathā parikṛtaṃ madirāmadāndhaḥ ||

deho'pi daivavaśagaḥ khalu karma yāvat
svārambhakaṃ pratisamīkṣata eva sāsuḥ |
taṃ saprapañcamadhirūṭhasamādhiyogaḥ
svāpnaṃ punarna bhajate pratibuddhavastuḥ ||[BhP 11.13.36-37]

śrutiśca tadyathā'hinirlvyayanī valmīke mṛtā pratyastā śayītaivamevedaṃ śarīraṃ śete'thāyamaśarīro'mṛtaḥ prāṇo brahmaiva teja eva iti |

tatrāyaṃ saṅgrahaḥ

caturthī bhūmikā jñānaṃ tisraḥ syuḥ sādhanaṃ purā |
jīvanmukteravasthāstu parāstisraḥ prakīrtitāḥ ||

atra prathamabhūmitrayamārūḍho'jño'pi na karmādhikārī kiṃ punastattvajñānī tadviśiṣṭo jīvanmukto vetyabhiprāyaḥ ||18||

The Sārārthavarṣiṇī commentary by Viśvanātha

kṛtenānuṣṭhitena karmaṇā nārtho na phalam | akṛtena kañcana pratavāyo'pi na, yasmādasya sarvabhūteṣu brahmāṇḍasthāvarādiṣu madhye kaścidapyarthāya svaprayojanārthaṃ vyapāśraya āśrayaṇīyo na bhavati | purāṇādiṣu vyapāśrayaśabdena tathaivocyate, yathā

vāsudeve bhagavati bhaktimudvahatāṃ nṛṇām |
jñānavairāgyavīryāṇāṃ neha kaścidvyapāśrayaḥ || [BhP 6.17.31] iti |

tathāyadupāśrayāśrayāḥ śuddhyanti [BhP 2.7.46] iti | saṃsthāheturupāśrayaḥ ityādāvapyapetyupasargasyānadhikārthaṃ dṛṣṭam ||18||

The Gītābhūṣaṇa commentary by Baladeva

kṛtena tadavalokanāyānuṣṭhitena karmaṇārthaḥ phalaṃ naivāsti | akṛtena tadavalokanāsādhanena karmaṇā kaścanānarthaśca tadavalokanakṣatilakṣaṇa iha na bhavati | svābhāvikātmāvalokanāt | na tvīdṛśo'pi devakṛtādvighnādbibhyattattoṣāya tatpūjātmakaṃ karma kuryāt | śrutiśca devān jñānadviṣaḥ prāhatasmāttadeṣāṃ devānāṃ na priyaṃ yadetanmanuṣā viduriti | tatrāha na ceti | asya labdhātmāvalokasya viduṣaḥ sarvabhūteṣu deveṣu mānaveṣu ca madhye kaścidapyarthāyātmaratirnairvighnāya vyapāśrayaḥ karmabhiḥ sevyo na bhavati | jñānodayātpūrvameva devakṛtā
vighnāḥ tenātmaratau satyāṃ tu na tatkṛtāste tatprabhāveṇa sambhavanti | tasya ha na devāśca nābhūtyā īśate ātmā hyeṣāṃ sambhavati iti śravaṇāt | hanetyapyarthe nipātaḥ | devā api tasyātmānubhavino |bhūtyai ātmaratikṣataye neśate | hi yasmādeṣāṃ sa ātmā tadvatpreṣṭho bhavatītyarthaḥ ||18||

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