Sharva, aka: Śarva, Śarvā, Sarva, Sārva, Śārva, Sarvā; 13 Definition(s)

Introduction

Sharva means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

The Sanskrit terms Śarva and Śarvā and Śārva can be transliterated into English as Sarva or Sharva, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).

In Hinduism

Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)

1) Śarva (शर्व), one of the fifty Rudras according to the Caryāpāda section of the Makuṭāgama (one of the 28 Saiva Siddhanta Agamas).

2) Śarva (शर्व) refers to one of the “eight lords of divisions” (vigraheśvara) associated with the so-called eight divisions (vigraha) according to the Mataṅgapārameśvara (1.8.83–5). These “eight lords of divisions” are also mentioned in a copper-plate inscription found in Malhar, Chhattisgarh, written around 650 CE. The eight divisions (vigraha) represent the uppermost part of the Lākulas’ impure universe.

All these manifestations of Śiva (eg., Śarva) appear at the borders of various divisions of the universe according to the Lākula system.

1) Śarva (शर्व) is the name of a deity who received the Kāraṇāgama from Kāraṇa through the mahānsambandha relation, according to the pratisaṃhitā theory of Āgama origin and relationship (sambandha). The kāraṇa-āgama, being part of the ten Śivabhedāgamas, refers to one of the twenty-eight Siddhāntāgamas: a classification of the Śaiva division of Śaivāgamas. The Śaivāgamas represent the wisdom that has come down from lord Śiva, received by Pārvatī and accepted by Viṣṇu.

Śarva obtained the Kāraṇāgama from Kāraṇa who in turn obtained it from Sadāśiva through parasambandha. Śarva in turn, transmitted it to Prajāpati who then, through divya-sambandha, transmitted it to the Devas who, through divyādivya-sambandha, transmitted it to the Ṛṣis who finally, through adivya-sambandha, revealed the Kāraṇāgama to human beings (Manuṣya). (also see Anantaśambhu’s commentary on the Siddhāntasārāvali of Trilocanaśivācārya)

2) Sarva (सर्व) or Sarvāgama refers to one of upāgamas (supplementary scriptures) of the Vātulāgama which is one of the twenty-eight Siddhāntāgama: a classification of the Śaiva division of Śaivāgamas. The Śaivāgamas represent the wisdom that has come down from lord Śiva, received by Pārvatī and accepted by Viṣṇu. The purpose of revealing upāgamas (eg., Sarva Āgama) is to explain more elaborately than that of mūlāgamas (eg., Vātula-āgama) and to include any new idea if not dealt in mūlāgamas.

context information

Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.

Shilpashastra (iconography)

Śarva (शर्व):—One of the eight names of Rudra, given to him by Brahmā, according to the Pādma-purāṇa. This aspect became the presiding deity over the water. The corresponding name of the consort is Uṣā. His son is called Śukra.

context information

Shilpashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, śilpaśāstra) represents the ancient Indian science (shastra) of creative arts (shilpa) such as sculpture, iconography and painting. Closely related to Vastushastra (architecture), they often share the same literature.

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

1) Śarva (शर्व).—One of the eleven Rudras. (Bhāgavata, 6th Skandha).

2) Sarva (सर्व).—Another name of Śrī Kṛṣṇa. (Udyoga Parva, Chapter 70, Verse 12).

3) Sarvā (सर्वा).—A Purāṇic river. (Bhīṣma Parva, Chapter 89, Verse 36).

1) Śarva (शर्व).—A name of Śiva Rudra;¹ the presiding deity of the earth;² represents the earth and hence the earth should not be made impure or unclean;³ the lord created by Brahmā in the 30th Kalpa who made aṭṭahāsa;⁴ the third son of Kṛṣṇalohita;⁵ his wife, Vikeśi and son Angāraka.⁶

• 1) Bhāgavata-purāṇa VI. 15. 28; Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 25. 23; Matsya-purāṇa 180. 19; Viṣṇu-purāṇa I. 8. 6; 15. 122; III. 2. 11; V. 34. 1.
• 2) Matsya-purāṇa 265. 40.
• 3) Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 10. 10.
• 4) Vāyu-purāṇa 22. 28.
• 5) Ib. 27. 28.
• 6) Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 10. 78; 13. 54.

2) Śarvā (शर्वा).—A name of Umā.^*

• * Bhāgavata-purāṇa XII. 10. 35.

3a) Sarva (सर्व).—A son of Dhanuṣa.^*

• * Matsya-purāṇa 50. 30.

3b) A son of Atri, the avatār of the 12th dvāpara.^*

• * Vāyu-purāṇa 23. 157.

3c) A grandson of Svāyambhuva Manu; (but in 31. 18 putra is substituted for this name).^*

• * Vāyu-purāṇa 33. 9.

3d) Sarvavit, Sarvātma, epithets of Viṣṇu ety.¹ of.²

• 1) Viṣṇu-purāṇa V. 17. 9.
• 2) Vāyu-purāṇa 5. 37.

4) Sārva (सार्व).—A particular period of the day.^*

• * Vāyu-purāṇa 66. 40.

Śarva (शर्व) is a name mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. I.60.2) and represents one of the many proper names used for people and places. Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Śarva) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.

context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)

Śarva (शर्व) refers to one of the 53 gods to be worshipped and given pāyasa (rice boiled in milk) according to the Vāstuyāga rite in Śaktism (cf. Śāradātilaka-tantra III-V). The worship of these 53 gods happens after assigning them to one of the 64 compartment while constructing a Balimaṇḍapa. Vāstu is the name of a prodigious demon, who was killed by 53 gods (eg., Śarva).

context information

Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa)

Sārva (सार्व) or Sārvasaṃhitā is the name of a Vaiṣṇava Āgama scripture, classified as a tāmasa type of the Muniprokta group of Pāñcarātra Āgamas. The vaiṣṇavāgamas represent one of the three classes of āgamas (traditionally communicated wisdom).—Texts of the Pāñcara Āgamas are divided in to two sects. It is believed that Lord Vāsudeva revealed the first group of texts which are called Divya and the next group is called Muniprokta which are further divided in to three viz. a. Sāttvika. b. Rājasa. c. Tāmasa (eg., Sārva-saṃhitā).

context information

Pancaratra (पाञ्चरात्र, pāñcarātra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.

Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

sarva (सर्व).—a (S) All, every part, the whole mass or quantity: also all, every one, the whole multitude or number: also all, the whole duration or extent. 2 Complete, entire, whole, perfect.

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sārva (सार्व).—a S Relating to the whole or all.

sarva (सर्व).—a All; every one; complete.

Sanskrit-English dictionary

Śarva (शर्व).—

1) Name of Śiva; कतिचिदवनिपालः शर्वरीः शर्वकल्पः पुरमविशदयोध्याम् (katicidavanipālaḥ śarvarīḥ śarvakalpaḥ puramaviśadayodhyām) R.11.93; Ku.6.14.

2) Name of Viṣṇu.

Derivable forms: śarvaḥ (शर्वः).

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Śārva (शार्व).—a. Belonging or relating to Śiva.

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Sarva (सर्व).—Pron. a. [sṛtamanena viśvamiti sarvam Uṇ.1.151] (nom. pl. sarve m.)

1) All, every; उपर्युपरि पश्यन्तः सर्व एव दरिद्रति (uparyupari paśyantaḥ sarva eva daridrati) H.2.2; रिक्तः सर्वो भवति हि लघुः पूर्णता गौरवाय (riktaḥ sarvo bhavati hi laghuḥ pūrṇatā gauravāya) Me. 2.

2) Whole, entire, complete.

-rvaḥ 1 Name of Viṣṇu.

2) of Śiva.

-rvam Water.

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Sārva (सार्व).—a. (-rvī f.)

1) General, universal.

2) Fit or suitable for all; संभवन्ति यददोषदूषिते सार्व सर्वगुणसंपदस्त्वयि (saṃbhavanti yadadoṣadūṣite sārva sarvaguṇasaṃpadastvayi) Śi.14.4.

-rvaḥ A Buddhist or Jaina saint.

Śarva (शर्व) or Śarvva.—m.

(-rvaḥ) Siva. E. śarv to injure, Unadi aff. ac; also sarva .

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Sarva (सर्व) or Sarvva.—mfn.

(-rvaḥ-rvā-rvaṃ) All, whole, complete, universal, entire. m.

(-rvaḥ) 1. Siva. 2. Vishnu. E. sṛ to go, to pervade, (the world,) van Unadi aff.; also according to some authorities preferable, sarbba as above.

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Sārva (सार्व) or Sārvva.—mfn.

(-rvaḥ-rvī-rvaṃ) Suitable to or fit for all, relating to all, &c. m.

(-rvaḥ) A Jaina deified sage. E. sarva all, (knowledge, &c.), aṇ aff.

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