Raudra: 36 definitions
Introduction:
Raudra means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
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In Hinduism
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
1) Raudra (रौद्र) is the Sanskrit name of one of Bharata’s sons, mentioned in the Nāṭyaśāstra 1.26-33. After Brahmā created the Nāṭyaveda (nāṭyaśāstra), he ordered Bharata to teach the science to his (one hundred) sons. Bharata thus learned the Nāṭyaveda from Brahmā, and then made his sons study and learn its proper application. After their study, Bharata assigned his sons (eg., Raudra) various roles suitable to them.
2) Raudra (रौद्र) refers to the “furious” sentiment (rasa). It is one of the eight rasas mentioned in the Nāṭyaśāstra 6.15. The color associated with the raudra is red (rakta), and the presiding deity of of the furious (śṛṅgāra) sentiment is Rudra.
According to the Nāṭyaśāstra, “The Furious (raudra) Sentiment has as its basis the Durable Psychological State of anger. It owes its origin to to Rākṣasas, Dānavas and haughty men, and is caused by fights. This is created by Determinants, such as anger, rape, abuse, insult, untrue allegation, exorcizing, threatening, revengefulness, jealousy and the like.”.
A type of glance (or facial expression): Raudra (cruel): unfriendly, red, cruel, the pupils fixed and the lids not moved, the brows contracted and raised. Usage: the cruel.
Raudra (रौद्र) or the “sentiment (rasa) of furiousness”.—Raudrarasa has anger as its sthāyibhāva. The mythologists are of the opinion that it is of red-colour, Rudra is its presiding deity. Here ālambanavibhāva is an enemy and his behaviour or activities are regarded as uddīpanavibhāvas. Its liveliness may be enchanted by striking with fist, fallings, rudeness, cuttings and tearing, fights and confusions. The contractions of the eye-brows, biting of the lips, swelling of the arms, threatening gestures, boosting, brandishing of weapons, reviling and angry looks etc. are supposed to be its anubhāvas, while sternness, flurry, horripilation, perspiration, trembling, intoxication, delirium, impatience etc. are treated to be the vyabhicāribhāvas.
1) Raudra (रौद्र) refers to the “furious sentiment” and represents one of the nine kinds of Rasa (“soul of Drama”), according to the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa, an ancient Sanskrit text which (being encyclopedic in nature) deals with a variety of cultural topics such as arts, architecture, music, grammar and astronomy.—The Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa relates that raudra is the sentiment that arises from anger. Krodha is the sthāyibhāva of raudra-rasa. Rakta i.e., red is the colour and Rudra is the God of this sentiment.
According to the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa anger is of four types.
- ripuja (anger arising from enemy),
- guruja (anger arising from elderly persons),
- bhṛtyaja (anger arising from servant),
- praṇayodbhava (anger arising from love).
The Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa again says that the facial expressions of anger viz., redness of eyes, cocked of eyebrows, face full of perspiration etc., should be used to project raudra-rasa in performance
2) Raudrā (रौद्रा) refers to one of the Thirty six kinds of Glances (dṛṣṭi) or “proper accomplishment of glances” (in Indian Dramas).—Dṛṣṭi is very important in a dance form. The appropriate movements of eyes, eyeballs and eyebrows of an artist make the performance more charming. There are thirty six kinds of glances (dṛṣṭi) accepted in the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa, for example raudrā, belonging to the rasadṛṣṭi division.
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Raudrā (रौद्रा) is another name for Sandhyā, one of the seven major rivers situated in Krauñcadvīpa, according to the Varāhapurāṇa chapter 88. Krauñcadvīpa is one of the seven islands (dvīpa), ruled over by Jyotiṣmān, one of the ten sons of Priyavrata, son of Svāyambhuva Manu, who was created by Brahmā, who was in turn created by Nārāyaṇa, the unknowable all-pervasive primordial being.
The Varāhapurāṇa is categorised as a Mahāpurāṇa, and was originally composed of 24,000 metrical verses, possibly originating from before the 10th century. It is composed of two parts and Sūta is the main narrator.
Raudra (रौद्र).—A class of giants who lived on Kailāsa and Mandara mountains. The hermit Lomaśa gave warning to the Pāṇḍavas, when they went to the north during their forest life, to be careful of the Raudras, (Mahābhārata Vana Parva, Chapter 139, Stanza 10).
1a) Raudra (रौद्र).—A muhūrta of the afternoon.*
- * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 3. 39; Vāyu-purāṇa 66. 40.
1b) A Vānara chief.*
- * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 7. 233.
1c) A mantra of the Ṛg Vedins, to be recited in tank ritual;1 a Sūkta of the Yajur Vedins to be recited in tank ritual.2
1d) The Gaṇeśvaras who sprang from the hair roots of the angry Vīrabhadra.*
- * Vāyu-purāṇa 30. 142.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa)
Raudra (रौद्र) refers to an aspect of nṛsiṃha (‘man-lion’), according to the Vihagendra-saṃhitā 4.17, which mentions seventy-four forms (inlcuding twenty forms of vyūha). He is also known as Raudranṛsiṃha or Raudranarasiṃha. Nṛsiṃha is a Tantric deity and refers to the furious (ugra) incarnation of Viṣṇu.
The 15th-century Vihagendra-saṃhīta is a canonical text of the Pāñcarātra corpus and, in twenty-four chapters, deals primarely with meditation on mantras and sacrificial oblations.
Pancaratra (पाञ्चरात्र, pāñcarātra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
1) Raudra (रौद्र) refers to the fifty-fourth of the sixty-year cycle of Jupiter, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 8).—Accordingly, “The five years of the eleventh yuga are—1. Piṅgala, 2. Kālayukta, 3. Siddhārtha, 4. Raudra, 5. Durmati. In the first year there will be much rain and fear from thieves and mankind will suffer from consumption of the lungs and the like asthmatic complaints. In the year Kālayukta mankind will suffer from various evils; but in Siddhārtha they will be happy in more ways than one. In the year Raudra mankind will suffer much and there will be loss and ruin in the land. In Durmati there will be moderate rain”.
2) Raudra (रौद्र) or Raudraketu refers to a particular type of Ketus (i.e., luminous bodies such as comets and meteors), according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 11).—Accordingly, “Kapāla Ketu is visible on new-moon days; its tail is of the colour of smoke; its course lies through the eastern half of the visible hemisphere; when it appears mankind will suffer from hunger, death, drought and disease. Raudra Ketu is a comet resembling the dagger’s end and is of a dull red colour; it appears in the south-east and travels through a third of the sky and produces the same effects as the Kapāla Ketu”.
3) Raudra (रौद्र) is another name for Ārdrā, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 15) (“On the nakṣatras—‘asterisms’”).—Accordingly, “Those who are born on the lunar day of Ārdrā [i.e., raudra] will delight in killing, torturing, lying, in adultery, thieving, cheating and tale-bearing; will deal in pod-grains, black magic, sorcery and exorcism. [...]”.
Raudra (रौद्र) or Raudri refers to the fifty-fourth saṃvatsara (“jovian year)” in Vedic astrology.—The native born in the ‘samvatsara’ of ‘raudra’ is of horrible appearance, rears cattle, speaks ill of others, is excessively deceitful, gets a bad name, is of vicious heart and is very fierce.
According with Jataka Parijata, the person born in the year raudra (2040-2041 AD) will be a rake, perverse, proud and wicked.
Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Raudra (रौद्र) is the name of an Āgama or Tantra mentioned in the Kakṣapuṭatantra verse 1.5-7.—“At a previous time, when Pārvatī asked him, Śaṅkara told of the attainments of vidyā in the wide worldly life, in various ways. I observed each teaching taught also by the troops of Gods, Siddhas (those who have attained supernatural power), Munis (saints), Deśikas (spiritual teachers), and Sādhakas (tantric practicioners). They are [, for example]: Raudra... I shall carefully extract all the above-mentioned āgamas, which are transmitted from mouth to mouth, like butter extracted from coagulated milk”.
Raudra (रौद्र) or Raudrāgama refers to one of upāgamas (supplementary scriptures) of the Vimalāgama which is one of the twenty-eight Siddhāntāgama: a classification of the Śaiva division of Śaivāgamas. The Śaivāgamas represent the wisdom that has come down from lord Śiva, received by Pārvatī and accepted by Viṣṇu. The purpose of revealing upāgamas (e.g., Raudra Āgama) is to explain more elaborately than that of mūlāgamas (e.g., Vimala-āgama) and to include any new idea if not dealt in mūlāgamas.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
1) Raudra (रौद्र) (lit. “frightening”) refers to one of the eight Guardians (kṣetrapāla-aṣṭaka) associated with Oṃkārapīṭha (also called Oḍḍiyāna, Ādipīṭha or Uḍapīṭha), according to the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—[...] The eight guardians (kṣetrapālāṣṭaka): Kāla, Ḍāmara, Laṃboṣṭa, Daṃṣṭrin, Dundhubhi, Dāruṇa, Durdhara, Raudra
2) Raudra (रौद्र) also refers to one of the eight Guardians (kṣetrapāla-aṣṭaka) associated with Tisrapīṭha (located in the ‘end of sound’—nādānta).—[...] The eight Guardians (kṣetrapālāṣṭaka): Śrīdhara, Bhāsura, Raudra, Durācāra, Śāntika, Kṛttika, Kālavṛṣṭi, Vasiṣṭha
3) Raudra (रौद्र) or Raudramantra refers to one of the Mantras associated with both Oḍḍiyāna and Jālandhara, two of the eight Sacred Seats (pīṭha), according to the Yogakhaṇḍa (chapter 14) of the Manthānabhairavatantra.
4) Raudra (रौद्र) refers to one of the “sixteen Siddhas” belonging to the Divyaugha or Gurvogha (“current of the teachers”), as discussed in the Yogakhaṇḍa of the Manthānabhairavatantra.—[The seven Siddhas] are followed by the Nine Siddhas. There are three in the sky, the netherworlds and on the earth. The Sixteen Siddhas are their spiritual sons. They are born from Sūryadeva and are located in the body.—Raudra’s location in the body is the “kuṇḍalī”. He is further associated with Bhadrāṅga of the Divyādivya (“divine-cum-mortal current”) and with Prayāsa of the Siddhaugha (“the current of the Siddhas”).
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Vastushastra (architecture)
Raudra (रौद्र) (Cf. Raudratā) refers to “savage”, according to the Devyāmata (chapter 105).—Accordingly, [while describing the consequences of a doorway]—“[...] At Bhṛśa is awfulness. And at Ambara there is theft. At Agni there is a lack of sons. At Pūṣan is servitude. At Vitatha the householder comes to a lack of decorum, at Gṛhakṣata he gains wisdom. At Yama he attains savagery (raudratā). At Gāndharva he acquires glory. [...]
Vastushastra (वास्तुशास्त्र, vāstuśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science (shastra) of architecture (vastu), dealing with topics such architecture, sculpture, town-building, fort building and various other constructions. Vastu also deals with the philosophy of the architectural relation with the cosmic universe.
Shilpashastra (iconography)
Raudra (रौद्र) or “furious sentiment” refers to one of the Nine Sentiments (citrarasa) in ancient Indian Painting (citra), according to the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa, an ancient Sanskrit text which (being encyclopedic in nature) deals with a variety of cultural topics such as arts, architecture, music, grammar and astronomy.—According to the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa nine kinds of sentiments [e.g., raudra—furious] are reflected through Paintings and these are termed as citrarasas in this work. [...] According to the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa, the raudra-rasa is delineated with harshness, passion and anger in a picture. Moreover, to draw a picture which reflects raudra-rasa, the painter should paint flashing weapons and bright ornaments .
Shilpashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, śilpaśāstra) represents the ancient Indian science (shastra) of creative arts (shilpa) such as sculpture, iconography and painting. Closely related to Vastushastra (architecture), they often share the same literature.
Sports, Arts and Entertainment (wordly enjoyments)
Raudra (रौद्र) refers to a “feeling of the terrible” (produced while hunting), according to the Śyainika-śāstra: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by Rājā Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.—Accordingly, “Hunting by packs of dogs is that in which dogs are let loose at hares and other animals in arid tracts. [...] The hares scream loudly and the dogs pursue them; and in a short time there is a great fight tooth and nail. This produces a feeling of the terrible (raudra-paryāpta). [...]”.
This section covers the skills and profiencies of the Kalas (“performing arts”) and Shastras (“sciences”) involving ancient Indian traditions of sports, games, arts, entertainment, love-making and other means of wordly enjoyments. Traditionally these topics were dealt with in Sanskrit treatises explaing the philosophy and the justification of enjoying the pleasures of the senses.
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Raudra (रौद्र) refers to one of the various Grahas and Mahāgrahas mentioned as attending the teachings in the 6th century Mañjuśrīmūlakalpa: one of the largest Kriyā Tantras devoted to Mañjuśrī (the Bodhisattva of wisdom) representing an encyclopedia of knowledge primarily concerned with ritualistic elements in Buddhism. The teachings in this text originate from Mañjuśrī and were taught to and by Buddha Śākyamuni in the presence of a large audience (including Raudra).
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Raudra (रौद्र) refers to “fierce (Nāgas)”, according to the Vajratuṇḍasamayakalparāja, an ancient Buddhist ritual manual on agriculture from the 5th-century (or earlier), containing various instructions for the Sangha to provide agriculture-related services to laypeople including rain-making, weather control and crop protection.—Accordingly [as the Bhagavān said to the four great kings], “O Great Kings, Nāgas will be hostile, wrathful, fierce (raudra), ferocious and harmful in the last time, in the last age. By this curse they will become frightened. They will become scared. They will send down rain showers duly at the proper time. They will ripen all flowers and fruits duly at the proper time”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Raudra (रौद्र) participated in the war between Rāma and Rāvaṇa, on the side of the latter, as mentioned in Svayambhūdeva’s Paumacariu (Padmacarita, Paumacariya or Rāmāyaṇapurāṇa) chapter 57ff. Svayambhū or Svayambhūdeva (8th or 9th century) was a Jain householder who probably lived in Karnataka. His work recounts the popular Rāma story as known from the older work Rāmāyaṇa (written by Vālmīki). Various chapters [mentioning Raudra] are dedicated to the humongous battle whose armies (known as akṣauhiṇīs) consisted of millions of soldiers, horses and elephants, etc.
Raudra (रौद्र) refers to a class of evil spirits, according to chapter 2.2 [ajitanātha-caritra] of Hemacandra’s 11th century Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism.
Accordingly: “The Lord, naturally resolute, practiced kāyotsarga with ease, sometimes, motionless as another peak on a mountain-top, resembling a conquered person gazing at the ground only; sometimes on the bank of a great river like a tree with joints broken by troops of leaping monkeys; sometimes in a cemetery filled with formidable Vetālas, Piśācas, and ghosts at play, with pollen of flowers blown about by the wind; and in other places more terrifying than the Raudras”.
Raudra (रौद्र, “fury”) refers to the “nine sentiments” (navarasa) in poetics and dramaturgy and represents one of the topics dealt with in the Anuyogadvārasūtra : a technical treatise on analytical methods, a kind of guide to applying knowledge.—In Muni Puṇyavijaya’s words, “the Nandi which is of the form of five Jñānas serves as a mangala in the beginning of the study of the Āgamas; and the Anuyogadvāra-sūtra serves as a key to the understanding of the Āgamas”.
Raudra (रौद्र) (Prakrit: Rodda) refers to “angry” and represents one of the “four kinds of meditation” (Dhyāna), according to the Sthānāṅga Sūtra chapter 4.1.—The classification of meditation in the Sthānāṅga Sūtra comprises four kinds [e.g. “angry” (rodda/raudra)]. [...]—Cf Aupapātika Sūtra and Bhagavatī (Bhagavaī), also known as the Vyākhyāprajñapti (Viyāhapannatti).
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
raudra (रौद्र).—m S Wrath or rage; the sentiment of rage as an object of poetical description.
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raudra (रौद्र).—a S Relating to Rudra or Shiva. 2 Formidable, fearful, terrible. 3 Wrathful.
raudra (रौद्र).—m Rage. a Terrible. Wrathful.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Raudra (रौद्र).—a. (-drā-drī f.) [रुद्र-अण् (rudra-aṇ)]
1) 'Rudra-like', violent, irascible, wrathful.
2) Fierce, savage, terrible, wild.
3) Addressed to Rudra (as a hymn).
4) Bringing misfortune; calamitous.
5) Relating to Rudra; रौद्रं व्रतं समास्थाय नियतो नियतेन्द्रियः (raudraṃ vrataṃ samāsthāya niyato niyatendriyaḥ) Rām.7.13.21.
-draḥ 1 A worshipper of Rudra.
2) Heat, ardour, warmth, passion, wrath.
3) The sentiment of wrath or furiousness; रौद्रः क्रोधस्थायिभावो रक्तो रुद्राधिदैवतः (raudraḥ krodhasthāyibhāvo rakto rudrādhidaivataḥ) S. D.232 or K. P.4.
4) Name of Yama.
5) Winter.
6) Name of a संवत्सर (saṃvatsara).
-dram 1 Wrath, rage
2) Formidableness, fierceness, savageness.
3) Heat, warmth; solar heat.
Raudrā (रौद्रा).—name of a rākṣasī: Mahā-Māyūrī 241.31.
Raudra (रौद्र).—mfn.
(-draḥ-drā or drī-draṃ) 1. Formidable, fearful, terrific 2. Sharp, acute. 3. Relating or belonging to Rudra or Siva. 4. Violent, wrathful, irascible. mn.
(-draḥ-draṃ) Wrath rage, (the sentiment as an object of poetical description.) n.
(-draṃ) 1. Heat, warmth. 2. Wrath. 3. Yama. f. (-drī) Gauri, the wife of Siva. E. rudra Siva, aṇ aff.
Raudra (रौद्र).—i. e. rudra + a, I. adj., f. drī. 1. Relating to Rudra-Śiva, [Arjunasamāgama] 3, 50; cf. 10, 42; descended from Rudra, [Johnson's Selections from the Mahābhārata.] 22, 117. 2. Formidable, [Pañcatantra] i. [distich] 116. 3. Irascible. 4. Acute. Ii. m. Heat. Iii. f. rī, The wife of Śiva.
Raudra (रौद्र).—relating to Rudra or the Rudras; Rudra-like i.e. fierce, violent, formidable, inauspicious, [neuter] [adverb]
— [masculine] a descendant or worshipper of Rudra, [plural] a class of evil demons, [Name] of a people. [neuter] fierceness, formidableness, horror (also tā† [feminine]), [Name] of a lunar mansion.
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Raudra (रौद्र).—, [feminine] relating to Rudra or the Rudras; Rudra-like i.e. fierce, violent, formidable, inauspicious, [neuter] [adverb]
— [masculine] a descendant or worshipper of Rudra, [plural] a class of evil demons, [Name] of a people. [neuter] fierceness, formidableness, horror (also tā† [feminine]), [Name] of a lunar mansion.
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Raudrā (रौद्रा).—[feminine] ā and ī relating to Rudra or the Rudras; Rudra-like i.e. fierce, violent, formidable, inauspicious, [neuter] [adverb]
— [masculine] a descendant or worshipper of Rudra, [plural] a class of evil demons, [Name] of a people. [neuter] fierceness, formidableness, horror (also tā† [feminine]), [Name] of a lunar mansion.
1) Raudra (रौद्र):—mf(ā or ī)n. or raudra ([from] rudra) relating or belonging to or coming from Rudra or the Rudras, Rudra-like, violent, impetuous, fierce, wild (am ind.), [Ṛg-veda] etc. etc.
2) bringing or betokening misfortune, inauspicious, [Rāmāyaṇa; Varāha-mihira]
3) m. a descendant of Rudra, [Mahābhārata]
4) a worshipper of Rudra, [Horace H. Wilson]
5) ([plural], or sg. with gaṇa) a class of evil spirits, [Harivaṃśa]
6) ([scilicet] rasa) the sentiment of wrath or fury, [Sāhitya-darpaṇa; Pratāparudrīya]
7) Name of Yama, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
8) the cold season of the year, winter, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
9) a [particular] Ketu, [Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā]
10) Name of the 54th year of the Jupiter cycle of 60 years, [ib.]
11) ([plural]) Name of a people, [Mahābhārata]
12) mn. heat, warmth, sunshine, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
13) mf(ī)n. Name of the Nakṣatra Ārdrā when under Rudra, [Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā]
14) n. savageness, fierceness, formidableness, [Kathāsaritsāgara; Suśruta]
15) Name of a Liṅga, [Catalogue(s)]
16) of various Sāmans, [Ārṣeya-brāhmaṇa]
Raudra (रौद्र):—[(draḥ-draṃ) a.] Fearful; sharp; violent. m. n. Wrath. m. Heat; cold season; Yama. f. Gaurī.
Raudra (रौद्र):—und raudra ( [Vājasaneyisaṃhitā] [The Śatapathabrāhmaṇa])
1) adj. (f. ā und ī) dem oder den Rudra gehörig u.s.w., Rudra-ähnlich, ungestüm, wild, furchtbar [Amarakoṣa 1, 1, 7, 20.] = bhīṣma (bhīṣaṇa) und tīvra [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha 2, 450.] [Medinīkoṣa r. 81.] Agni [Ṛgveda 10, 3, 1.] die Aśvin (heissen auch rudra) [61, 15.] brahman 1. anīka [Vājasaneyisaṃhitā 5, 34.] [Taittirīyasaṃhitā 2, 1, 7, 2.] [The Śatapathabrāhmaṇa 5, 2, 4, 11.] paśavaḥ [6, 3, 2, 7.] karman [9, 1, 1, 15. 42.] ṛc [Śāṅkhāyana’s Śrautasūtrāṇi 14, 57, 13.] [Kātyāyana’s Śrautasūtrāṇi 5, 10, 2.] astra von Rudra kommend [Mahābhārata 3, 11985. 12238. 12240.] [Rāmāyaṇa 1, 56, 6 (57, 5 Gorresio).] [Kathāsaritsāgara 50, 56.] cakṣus [Mahābhārata 4, 472.] [Rāmāyaṇa 1, 25, 12.] mātaraḥ [Mahābhārata 9, 2654.] bali Rudra geltend [Rāmāyaṇa 2, 56, 27.] sūkta an [Rāmāyaṇa] gerichtet [Sāyaṇa] zu [Ṛgveda 1, 114, 6.] nadī nach [Rāmāyaṇa] benannt [Oxforder Handschriften 65,a,2.] śakti [25,a, Nalopākhyāna 5. 81,a,41. 104,b,12. 184,a,9.] araṇyarāj furchtbar [Mahābhārata 3, 2420.] śūrpaṇakhā [15900. 16139. 5, 1495. 12, 10308. 14, 210.] [Rāmāyaṇa 1, 14, 33. 35, 18. 2, 25, 15. 3, 50, 28. 73, 1. 36. 4, 5, 20. 6, 8, 16. 108, 35.] [Spr. 168.] [Kathāsaritsāgara 18, 96. 61, 59.] [Mārkāṇḍeyapurāṇa 45, 19.] [PAÑCAR. 1, 14, 29.] [Pañcatantra 216, 9.] karman [Mahābhārata 10, 305. 13, 3067.] [Spr. 2769.] [Pañcatantra III, 141.] [Mahābhārata 3, 14271. fg. 14275.] kṣatriyadharma [4, 1850.] saṃdhyā [5, 326.] nadī [7, 502.] [Harivaṃśa 9336.] yātanā [Mahābhārata 13, 6675.] rūpa [Rāmāyaṇa 1, 56, 17.] [Rāmāyaṇa] [Gorresio 1, 3, 28.] buddhi [3, 13, 20.] śmaśāna [Spr. 805.] raṇa [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 46,19. 23.] [PAÑCAR.1,6,60.] [Oxforder Handschriften 76,b, No. 124.] [Prabodhacandrodaja 74,5.] kālasya gatiḥ [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 1, 14, 3.] daṃṣṭra [6, 9, 16.] [Sāhityadarpana 76, 2.] muhūrta [WEBER, Jyotiṣa 27.] [Mahābhārata 1, 6028. 3, 14268.] [Weber’s Verzeichniss No. 912.] tārā so v. a. Unglück verheissend, bringend [Rāmāyaṇa 3, 35, 52.] [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 86, 16.] als rasa in poetischen Compositionen [Amarakoṣa.1,1,7,17.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 294.] [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] [Medinīkoṣa] [Halāyudha.1,92.] [Rāmāyaṇa.1,4,7] [?(3,46 Gorresio). Sāhityadarpana 232. PRATĀPAR. 10,a,8. 59,a,9,60,a,5. Oxforder Handschriften 123,a,24.] raudram adv. auf eine furchtbare Weise: atīva hasate raudram [Mahābhārata 13, 749.] —
2) m. patron. ein Sprössling Rudra's [Mahābhārata 1, 5431. 3, 14632.] —
3) m. Verehrer des Rudra [Oxforder Handschriften 248,a,7.] [WILSON, Sel. Works] [?I,17.] —
4) adj. in Verbindung mit gaṇa oder subst. m. pl. Bez. best. böser Geister [Harivaṃśa 12869.] [Oxforder Handschriften 59,a,4.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 1362,] [Scholiast] —
5) Hitze, m. [Medinīkoṣa Nalopākhyāna] [Halāyudha 1, 40.] raudreṇākulitaḥ [Hitopadeśa 115, 1, v. l.] —
6) m. die kalte Jahreszeit [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 156.] —
7) m. ein N. Yama's [Dharaṇīkoṣa im Śabdakalpadruma] —
8) m. Bez. des 54ten Jahres im 60jährigen Jupitercyclus [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S.8,48. fg.] [Oxforder Handschriften 332,b,6.] —
9) m. Bez. eines best. Ketu [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 11, 32.] —
10) n. Bez. des unter Rudra stehenden Nakṣatra Ārdrā [WEBER, Jyotiṣa 34. Nakṣ. 1, 309.] [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 4, 7. 7, 3. 10, 5. 15, 4. 23, 9. 102, 2.] raudrarkṣa n. dass. [101, 3.] [Sūryasiddhānta 9, 14.] raudrī f. dass. [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 110.] m. (wohl fehlerhaft) [Mārkāṇḍeyapurāṇa 58, 15.] —
11) m. pl. Nomen proprium eines Volkes [Mahābhārata 14, 2476.] —
12) f. ī a) ein Name der Gaurī [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] [Medinīkoṣa] — b) eine best. Pflanze, = rudrajaṭā [Rājanirghaṇṭa im Śabdakalpadruma] — c) Titel eines von Rudrabhaṭṭācārya verfassten Commentars [HALL 74.] —
13) n. a) wildes —, furchtbares Wesen [Suśruta 1, 336, 1.] ityākrandaṃsaraudraḥ [Kathāsaritsāgara 56, 27.] — b) Name eines Liṅga [Oxforder Handschriften 44,a,6 v. u.] — c) Name eines Sāman [Weber’s Indische Studien.3,231,b.] [Chāndogyopaniṣad.2,24,7.] — Vgl. mahā (adj. auch [Mahābhārata 12, 4273.] [Kathāsaritsāgara 25, 238]), somā .
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Raudra (रौद्र):—
13) a) meghāntarita so v. a. Ungewitter [Spr. (II) 5946.] — Vgl. oben ārta .
Raudra (रौद्र):—und raudra —
1) Adj. (f. ā und ī) — a) dem Rudra oder den Rudra gehörig , von Rudra kommend , Rudra geltend , an Rudra gerichtet , nach Rudra benannt. — b) Rudra-ähnlich , so v.a. ungestüm , wild , furchtbar , Unglück verheissend , — bringend. raudram Adv. auf eine furchtbare Weise. — c) in Verbindung mit gana m. Bez. best. böser Geister. —
2) m. — a) ein Sprössling Rudra's. — b) ein Verehrer Rudra's. — c) Pl. Bez. best. böser Geister. — d) *Beiname Yama's. — e) *die kalte Jahreszeit. — f) ein best. Meteor ( ketu). — g) das 54ste Jahr im 60jährigen Jupitercyclus. — h) Pl. Nomen proprium eines Volkes. —
3) (*m. n.) Hitze. —
4) m. (verdächtig) (*f. ī) und n. das unter Rudra stehende Mondhaus Ārdrā. Auch raudrarkṣa n. —
5) f. raudrī — a) *Beiname der Gaurī. — b) eine der neun Samidh [Gṛhyāsaṃgraha 1,27.] — c) eine best. Śruti [Saṃgitasārasaṃgraha 23.] — d) eine best. Mūrchanā [Saṃgitasārasaṃgraha 30.] — e) eine best. Śakti [Hemādri’s Caturvargacintāmaṇi 1,611,5.] — f) *eine best. Schlingpflanze. — g) Titel eines von Rudrabhaṭṭākārya verfasste Commentars. —
6) n. — a) wildes — , furchtbares Wesen , Furchtbarkeit , eine furchtbare Erscheinung. — b) Name verschiedener Sāman [Ārṣeyabrāhmaṇa] — c) Nomen proprium eines Liṅga.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Raudra (रौद्र):—(a) terrible, fearful, furious; —[rasa] the sentiment of wrath or furiousness in Indian poetics; —[rūpa dhāraṇa karanā] to show one’s furious form, to be in a fierce rage.
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Kannada-English dictionary
Raudra (ರೌದ್ರ):—
1) [adjective] relating or belonging to or coming from Rudra, the formidable form of Śiva.
2) [adjective] causing intense fear; terrifying; frightful; terrible.
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Raudra (ರೌದ್ರ):—
1) [noun] the quality or fact of being terrifying, terrible.
2) [noun] anger; wrath; ire.
3) [noun] the hot sunlight.
4) [noun] a terrible goddess, a form of Pārvati.
5) [noun] the fifty fourth year in the Hindu cycle of sixty years.
6) [noun] (rhet.) the sentiment of wrath or fury.
7) [noun] (jain.) a particular kind of meditation.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Raudra (रौद्र):—adj. 1. awful; terrible; frightful; 2. angry; hot-tempered; n. 1. anger; wrath; 2. awe; terror; fear;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+13): Raudra-geet, Raudra-gita, Raudracakra, Raudracakri, Raudraceshta, Raudradamshtra, Raudradarshana, Raudradhyana, Raudraja, Raudrajata, Raudrakarman, Raudraketu, Raudramanas, Raudramantra, Raudranarasimha, Raudranetra, Raudranrisimha, Raudrapada, Raudrapashupatamurti, Raudrarasa.
Full-text (+239): Maharaudra, Raudrata, Raudrarasa, Raudradarshana, Somaraudra, Raudrakarman, Raudrapada, Raudranetra, Atiraudra, Araudra, Raudradhyana, Raudramanas, Raudram, Rasa, Raudri, Raudrarupa, Furious, Pratiraudrakarman, Raudribhava, Krodha.
Relevant text
Search found 138 books and stories containing Raudra, Raudrā; (plurals include: Raudras, Raudrās). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Yavanajataka by Sphujidhvaja [Sanskrit/English] (by Michael D Neely)
Verse 9.1 < [Chapter 9 - The Birth of the Sovereigns of Thieves]
Verse 5.18 < [Chapter 5 - Rules of Impregnation]
Verse 2.21 < [Chapter 2 - One’s Own Form of the Horās]
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 4.8.39 < [Chapter 8 - In the Story of the Yajña-sītās, the Glories of Ekādaśī]
Verse 6.10.5 < [Chapter 10 - In the Description of the Gomatī River, the Glories of Cakra-tīrtha]
Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu (by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī)
Verse 4.8.13 < [Part 8 - Compatible & Incompatible Mellows (maitrī-vaira-sthiti)]
Verse 4.8.5 < [Part 8 - Compatible & Incompatible Mellows (maitrī-vaira-sthiti)]
Verse 4.3.24 < [Part 3 - Chivalry (vīrya-rasa)]
Tilakamanjari of Dhanapala (study) (by Shri N. M. Kansara)
1. Religious Sects and Their Mutual Relations < [Chapter 13 - Religious and Philosophical data]
6.1. Study of the Gunas, Ritis, and Vrittis < [Chapter 15 - The Tilakamanjari as a Prose Poetic work]
5.5. Raudra-rasa or the Furious sentiment < [Chapter 15 - The Tilakamanjari as a Prose Poetic work]
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Sankalpa Suryodaya of Venkatanatha (Critical Study) (by R. Laxmi)
Delineation of Raudrarasa or Furious Sentiment < [Chapter 4b - Rasa delineation of the play]
Introduction to the Rasa delineation in the Sankalpa-suryodaya < [Chapter 4b - Rasa delineation of the play]
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