Gana, Gaṇa, Gāna: 31 definitions
Introduction
Introduction:
Gana means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Buddhism, Pali, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Gaan.
Images (photo gallery)
In Hinduism
Ayurveda (science of life)
Source: Wisdom Library: Āyurveda and botanyGaṇa (गण, “group”):—Suśruta, in his Suśrutasaṃhitā sūtrasthāna XXXVIII, classifies medicinal plants under thirty-seven groups, called Gaṇas. It is a Sanskrit technical term used in Ayurvedic literature.
The thirty-seven groups are:
- Vidārigandhādi,
- Āragvadhādi,
- Varuṇādi,
- Vīratarvādi,
- Sālasārādi,
- Rodhrādi,
- Arkādi,
- Surasādi,
- Muṣkakādi,
- Pippalyādi,
- Elādi,
- Vacādi,
- Haridrādi,
- Śyāmādi,
- Bṛhatyādi,
- Kākolyādi,
- Ūṣakādi,
- Sārivādi,
- Añjanādi,
- Parūṣakādi,
- Priyaṅgvādi,
- Ambaṣṭhādi,
- Nyagrodhādi,
- Guḍūcyādi,
- Utpalādi,
- Mustadi,
- Triphalā,
- Trikaṭu,
- Āmalakyādi,
- Trapvādi,
- Lākṣādi,
- Laghupañcamūla,
- Bṛhatpañcamūla,
- Daśamūla,
- Vallīpañcamūla,
- Kaṇṭakapañcamūla,
- Tṛṇapañcamūla,
They are classified according to its various characteristics. Most of the groups end with the prefix ādi, translating to “first” and usually refers to the first plant from the group.
Source: archive.org: Vagbhata’s Ashtanga Hridaya Samhita (first 5 chapters)Gaṇa (गण) refers to “story-tellers”, and is mentioned in verse 2.40-44 of the Aṣṭāṅgahṛdayasaṃhitā (Sūtrasthāna) by Vāgbhaṭa.—Gaṇa (Tibetan: thsogs), lit. “troop”, is interpreted by the commentators to denote “kathakacāraṇādayaḥ”—“story-tellers, minstrels, etc.”.

Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Puranic EncyclopediaGaṇā (गणा).—A female attendant of Skanda. (Śalya Parva, Chapter 46, Verse 3).
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationGaṇa (गण) refers to a group of deities.—Gaṇas are troops who generally appear in classes. Nine such classes are mentioned in the Purāṇas: They are (1) Ādityas (2) Viśvas or Viśvedevas (3) Vasus (4) Tuṣitas (5) Ābhāsvaras (6) Anilas (7) Mahārājikas (8) Sādhyas (9) Rudras. These are attached to Lord Śiva and serve under the command of Gaṇeśa, dwelling on Gaṇaparvata identified with Kailāsa—a peak of the Himālaya mountain.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index1a) Gaṇa (गण).—Of bhūtas; followers of Śiva, of gods, of Pramathas; attacked Kṛṣṇa at Śoṇitapura;1 eleven celestial gaṇas reckoned.2 Twelve groups of seven living with the sun in different parts of the year; their functions.3 Three clans of sages with twenty branches each. In the first epoch of Sāvarṇī; all of them sons of Mārīca Kaśyapa, with Bali as their Indra.4
- 1) Bhāgavata-purāṇa II. 6. 13: X. [65 (V) 46], [49]: [66. (V) 49]: 63. 6 and 10: XII. 10. 14.
- 2) Matsya-purāṇa 6. 44-5: 52. 21.
- 3) Vāyu-purāṇa 52. 24-35.
- 4) Ib. 100. 13f.
1b) Five groups of; Yavanas, Pāradas, Kāmbojas, Pahlavas and Śakas; defeated by Sagara, these appealed to Vaisiṣṭha who persuaded the king from further slaughter. Sagara changed their dharma and physical features; were degraded Kṣatriyas and debarred from learning Vedas.*
- * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 63. 127.
Gaṇa (गण) is a name mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. ) and represents one of the many proper names used for people and places. Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Gaṇa) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.
Gaṇā also refers to the name of a Lady mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. IX.45.26).

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Kavya (poetry)
Source: Wisdom Library: KathāsaritsāgaraGaṇa (गण) is a Sanskrit name referring to a group of deities, attending Maheśvara at his dwelling place, which is the mountain-peak Kailāsa (located within Himavat), according to the Kathāsaritsāgara, chapter 1. Accordingly, “There (Kailāsa) dwells Maheśvara the beloved of Pārvatī, the chief of things animate and inanimate, attended upon by Gaṇas, Vidyādharas and Siddhas.”
The Kathāsaritsāgara (‘ocean of streams of story’), mentioning Gaṇa, is a famous Sanskrit epic story revolving around prince Naravāhanadatta and his quest to become the emperor of the vidyādharas (celestial beings). The work is said to have been an adaptation of Guṇāḍhya’s Bṛhatkathā consisting of 100,000 verses, which in turn is part of a larger work containing 700,000 verses.
Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Source: Wisdom Library: Nāṭya-śāstraGāna (गान) is a Sanskrit technical term referring to “song”, according to the Nāṭyaśāstra chapter 28.
Source: Google Books: Saṅgītaśiromaṇi: A Medieval Handbook of Indian MusicGāna (गान, “popular music”).—That which has been written by the composers (vāggeyakāra), which has special musical characteristics (lakṣaṇa) and is based on regional melodic forms (deśīrāga), etc., all this is popular music (gāna), which pleases the people. Traditionally, the two kinds of popular music (gāna) are:
- improvised (anibaddha, lit. “not composed”),
- composed (nibaddha).
Improvised music is musical variation (ālapti, from ālap, “to expatiate”). Composed music is formed with phrasal elements (aṅga) such as words, etc., that are present in the main sections (dhātu), viz.: regular words (pada), words of praise (viruda), musical metre (tāla), tone syllables (svara), drum syllables (pāṭa) and invocatory syllables (tenaka). (cf. Saṅgītaśiromaṇi 13.1)
Source: Shodhganga: Mankhaka a sanskrit literary genius (natya)Gaṇa (गण, “triad”).—A verse in Sanskrit is of four feet or quarters or pādas. Each pāda is regulated either by a number of syllables (akṣaras) or by a number of syllabic instant or measures (mātrās). Three successive syllables form a gaṇa (triad).

Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (śāstra) of performing arts, (nāṭya, e.g., theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing dramatic plays (nataka) and poetic works (kavya).
Vastushastra (architecture)
Source: McGill: The architectural theory of the MānasāraGaṇa (गण, “cluster”).—Besides āyādiṣaḍvarga, three other astrological principles are also mentioned in passing in the text (Mānasāra chapter 9), without always giving their full list or the formula to ascertain them: rāśī, “zodiacal sign”, gaṇa, literally, “cluster”, and nayana, literally, “eye”.
The astrological signification of gaṇa is that of a series of lunar mansions classed under the three heads of deva, god, asura, demon, and manuṣa, man. The text simply states that asura, demonic, and manuṣa, human, are to be avoided.

Vastushastra (वास्तुशास्त्र, vāstuśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science (shastra) of architecture (vastu), dealing with topics such architecture, sculpture, town-building, fort building and various other constructions. Vastu also deals with the philosophy of the architectural relation with the cosmic universe.
Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)
Source: Wikisource: A dictionary of Sanskrit grammarGaṇa (गण).—A class of words, as found in the sūtras of Pāṇini by the mention of the first word followed by the word इति (iti); e.g. स्वरादि, सर्वादि, ऊर्यादि, भ्वादि, अदादि, गर्गादि (svarādi, sarvādi, ūryādi, bhvādi, adādi, gargādi) etc. The ten gaṇas or classes of roots given by Pāṇini in his dhātupātha are given the name Daśagaṇī by later grammarians.
Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.
Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres)
Source: Shodhganga: a concise history of Sanskrit Chanda literatureGaṇa (गण).—All the metres (chandas) are calculated through specific gaṇas. While the Varṇa type metres have eight gaṇas in general consisting of three letters each; the Mātrā type of metres have five gaṇas. The gaṇas of Varṇa metre are ma-ra-ya-sa-ta-ja-bha-na. (Chandomañjarī 1.7)

Chandas (छन्दस्) refers to Sanskrit prosody and represents one of the six Vedangas (auxiliary disciplines belonging to the study of the Vedas). The science of prosody (chandas-shastra) focusses on the study of the poetic meters such as the commonly known twenty-six metres mentioned by Pingalas.
Shilpashastra (iconography)
Source: Shodhganga: The saurapurana - a critical study (shilpa)Gaṇa (गण) refers to the “associates of Śiva” and their form is described in the Saurapurāṇa as follows:—The svarūpa of the Gaṇas of Śiva are like the form of Śiva himself. They are nīlakaṇṭha, trinetra and having moon on their heads, and wearing the skin of tiger, decorated with all the Ornaments.

Shilpashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, śilpaśāstra) represents the ancient Indian science (shastra) of creative arts (shilpa) such as sculpture, iconography and painting. Closely related to Vastushastra (architecture), they often share the same literature.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: archive.org: TrisastisalakapurusacaritraGaṇa (गण) refers to a “group of Kulas” and represents one of the ten persons suitable for rendering services, according to chapter 1.1 [ādīśvara-caritra] of Hemacandra’s 11th century Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra (“lives of the 63 illustrious persons”): a Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three important persons in Jainism.—Accordingly, “[...] Vajranābha acquired strong Tirthakṛt-body-making and family-karma by the twenty sthānakas as follows:—[...] The sixteenth sthāna is the rendering of service by food, drink, etc., to the ten persons, Ācārya, etc. [viz., Gaṇa] [...]”.
Note: The 10 persons entitled to service are; [viz., Gaṇa (a group of Kulas);].—(cf. Aupapātikasūtra 20, p. 43. Sthānāṅgasūtra 397, p. 299. Āvaśyakasūtra 176-78, p. 161b). [...] These 10 persons are entitled to 13 kinds of service: giving of food; of drink; giving a seat; supplying anything that may be lacking in his equipment; cleansing the feet; giving of clothes; giving of medicine; escort on the road; protection from rogues, thieves, etc.; taking the staff when he enters the house; and 3 kinds of sanitary service.—(cf. Āvaśyakasūtra p. 161b).
Source: Encyclopedia of Jainism: Tattvartha Sutra 9: Influx of karmasGaṇa (गण).—One of the ten types of ‘nursing services’ (vaiyāvrata)? What is meant by ‘the congregation of aged ascetics’ (gaṇa)? The group of senior and aged ascetics is called the congregation of aged ascetics.

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
India history and geography
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical GlossaryGaṇa.—(LL), a section of the Jains. (SITI), a group of persons; a community or religious guild. (EI 26; CII 4), a guild or corporation. (EI 3), wrongly explained as a share. (SII 12), managing committee. (SII 2), the attendants of Śiva; also the fourteen divi- sions of learning. Note: gaṇa is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.

The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionarygaṇa : (m.) a gang; crowd; sect; a chapter of monks. || ñāṇa (nt.), wisdom; insight.
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gāna : (nt.) singing; a song.
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English DictionaryGaṇa, (Vedic gaṇa; *ger to comprise, hold, or come together, cp. Gr. a)gεiρw to collect, a)gorά meeting, Lat. grex, flock, Sk. jarante “conveniunt” (see Wackernagel, Altind. Gr. I.193). Another form of this root is grem in Sk. grāma, Lat. gremium; see under gāma)—1. (a) in special sense: a meeting or a chapter of (two or three) bhikkhus, a company (opposed both to saṅgha, the order & puggala, the individual) Vin.I, 58, 74, 195, 197; II, 170, 171; IV, 130, 216, 226, 231, 283, 310, 316, 317; V, 123, 167.—(b) in general: a crowd, a multitude, a great many. See cpds.—2. as —°: a collection of, viz., of gods, men, animals or things; a multitude, mass; flock, herd; host, group, cluster.—(a) deva° J.I, 203; DhA.III, 441; PvA.140 (°parivuta); pisāca° S.I, 33; tidasa° Sn.679.—(b) amacca° suite of ministers J.I, 264; ariya° troup of worthies J.VI, 50; naranarī° crowds of men & women Miln.2; dāsi° a crowd of servants J.II, 127; tāpasa° a group of ascetics J.I, 140 (°parivuta); bhikkhu° J.I, 212 (°parivuta).—(c) dvija° J.I, 152; dija° Pv.II, 124; sakuṇa°, of birds J.I, 207; II, 352; go°, of cows A.I, 229; V, 347, 359; J.II, 128; kākola°, of ravens Sn.675; bhamarā°, of bees J.I, 52; miga° of beasts J.I, 150.—(d) taru° a cluster of trees PvA.154; tāra°, a host of stars A.I, 215; Pv.II, 967; with ref. to the books of the Canon: Suttantika° & Ābhidhammika° Vism.93.

Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarygaṇa (गण).—m (S) A multitude, number, aggregate body: also an order, a genus, a class, a division, a tribe. 2 A division of the twenty-seven nakṣatra. There are three consisting of nine each, viz. dēvagaṇa, rākṣasagaṇa, manuṣyagaṇa. They are consulted in casting nativities &c. 3 A body of troops equal to three gulma. 4 A common term for certain troops of inferior deities, considered as Shiva's attendants, and under the especial superintendence of Gan̤esh. Hence 5 A term for one (a male, in opp. to suvāsinī, at feasts, religious ceremonies &c.) viewed as included, as necessarily of the gaṇa or party invited. See gaṇasavāśīṇa. 6 In arithmetic. A number, sum, or amount. 7 A sect in philosophy or religion. 8 In grammar. A conjugation. 9 (Abridged from gaṇēśa) The deity Gan̤esh: also a composition in Prakrit verse in praise of him and others. 10 Mind, meaning, intention, real purpose. Ex. tē mājhē mulāsa mulagī dētāta kīṃ nāhīṃ tō gaṇa kāḍhūna yā. 11 A collection, assemblage, congeries, group. In comp. as ahargaṇa, māsagaṇa, varṣagaṇa, bhagaṇa &c. An aggregate of days, months, years, asterisms or stars &c. gaṇa namaṇēṃ or nēmaṇēṃ (To worship or set up for worship Gan̤pati.) To enter upon or set to (a business or work).
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gaṇā (गणा).—m The stem, or a portion of it, of a head of jōndhaḷā or bājarā, or a piece of cane or reed, or a quill, used to receive the thread wound off from the wheel; a spool. 2 A cake baked upon an oiled girdle. 3 The light grains of the winnowing of nikaṇa. See maṇī under madana.
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gāṇa (गाण).—f C A hollow on hilly ground containing water.
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gāna (गान).—n S Singing or song:--the act or the art.
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gaṇa (गण).—n (S) A field of battle: also a palæstra or any arena of contest.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishgaṇa (गण).—m A multitude, a number; a class. A division of the 27 nakṣatrēṃ, dēvagaṇa, manuṣyagaṇa &c.
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gāna (गान).—n Singing or song.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryGaṇa (गण).—[gaṇ karmaṇi kartari vā ac]
1) A flock, multitude, group, troop, collection; गुणिगणगणना, भगणः (guṇigaṇagaṇanā, bhagaṇaḥ)
2) A series, a class.
3) A body of followers or attendants.
4) Particularly, a troop of demigods considered as Śiva's attendants and under the special superintendence of Gaṇeśa, a demigod of this troop; गणानां त्वा गणपतिं हवामहे कविं कवीनाम् (gaṇānāṃ tvā gaṇapatiṃ havāmahe kaviṃ kavīnām) &c.; गणा नमेरुप्रसवावतंसाः (gaṇā nameruprasavāvataṃsāḥ) Ku.1.55,7.4,71; Me.35.57; Ki.5.13.
5) Any assemblage or society of men formed for the attainment of the same objects.
6) A company, association.
7) A tribe, class.
8) A series of lunar mansions classed under three heads (of god, men and demons).
9) A sect (in philosophy, religion).
10) A small body of troops (a sub-division of akṣauhiṇī), consisting of 27 chariots, as many elephants, 81 horses and 135 foot; Mb.1.2.21.
11) A number (in math.).
12) A foot (in prosody).
13) (In gram.) A series of roots or words belonging to the same rule and called after the first word of that series; e. g. भ्वादिगण (bhvādigaṇa) i. e. the class of roots which begin with भू (bhū).
14) An epithet of Gaṇeśa.
Derivable forms: gaṇaḥ (गणः).
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Gāna (गान).—[gai bhāve lyuṭ]
1) Singing, a song.
2) A sound.
3) Going.
4) Praise.
Derivable forms: gānam (गानम्).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryGaṇa (गण).—m.
(-ṇaḥ) 1. A flock, a multitude, a troop, a tribe or class, &c. 2. A body of troops equal to three Gulmas or twenty-seven chariots and as many elephants, eighty-one horses, and 135 foot. 3. Troops of inferior deities considered as Siva'S attendants, and under the especial superintendance of Ganesha. 4. A name of Ganesha. 5. A number (in arithmetic.) 6. A kind of perfume, commonly Chor. 7. A sect in philosophy or religion. 8. A conjugation, a class or ridicals. 2. Series of asterisms which are classed under three heads human, infernal, and divine. E. gaṇ to count to reckon, affix ac.
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Gāna (गान).—n.
(-naṃ) 1. Singing, song in general, or a song. 2. Sound. E. gai to sing affix lyuṭ;
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryGaṇa (गण).—m. 1. A multitude, [Rāmāyaṇa] 5, 91, 1. 2. A class, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 1, 22. 3. Troops of inferior deities, considered as Śiva’s attendants, and under the especial superintendence of Gaṇeśa, [Rāmāyaṇa] 5, 89, 7. 4. A community, [Yājñavalkya, (ed. Stenzler.)] 2, 187. 5. A contemptible association, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 4, 209. 6. A body of troops consisting of 3 gulmas: i. e. 27 chariots, 27 elephants, 81 horses, and 135 foot, Mahābhārata 1, 291. 7. A foot of a verse, Śrut. 5, [Brockhaus.]
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Gāna (गान).—i. e. gai + na, n. A song, [Śiśupālavadha] 9, 54.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryGaṇa (गण).—[masculine] troop, crowd, host, tribe, suit, retinue, flock, number, series, line; a troop deity ([especially] [plural] the followers of Śiva, ruled by Ganeśa); company, association; a group of words belonging to the same rule ([grammar]), foot of a verse consisting of 4 instants.
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Gāna (गान).—[neuter] singing, song.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Aufrecht Catalogus CatalogorumGaṇa (गण) as mentioned in Aufrecht’s Catalogus Catalogorum:—son of Durlabha: Aśvāyurveda or Siddhayogasaṃgraha. W. p. 291. Burnell. 73^b. Peters. 1. 95.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Gaṇa (गण):—[from gaṇ] m. a flock, troop, multitude, number, tribe, series, class (of animate or inanimate beings), body of followers or attendants, [Ṛg-veda; Atharva-veda] etc.
2) [v.s. ...] troops or classes of inferior deities (especially certain troops of demi-gods considered as Śiva’s attendants and under the special superintendence of the god Gaṇeśa; cf. -devatā), [Manu-smṛti; Yājñavalkya; Lalita-vistara] etc.
3) [v.s. ...] a single attendant of Śiva, [Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā; Kathāsaritsāgara; Rājataraṅgiṇī iii, 270]
4) [v.s. ...] Name of Gaṇeśa, [Horace H. Wilson]
5) [v.s. ...] a company, any assemblage or association of men formed for the attainment of the same aims, [Manu-smṛti; Yājñavalkya; Hitopadeśa]
6) [v.s. ...] the 9 assemblies of Ṛṣis under the Arhat Mahā-vīra, [Jaina literature]
7) [v.s. ...] a sect in philosophy or religion, [Horace H. Wilson]
8) [v.s. ...] a small body of troops (= 3 Gulmas or 27 chariots and as many elephants, 81 horses, and 135 foot), [Mahābhārata i, 291]
9) [v.s. ...] a series or group of asterisms or lunar mansions classed under three heads (that of the gods, that of the men, and that of the Rākṣasas), [Horace H. Wilson]
10) [v.s. ...] (in [arithmetic]) a number, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
11) [v.s. ...] (in metre) a foot or four instants (cf. -cchandas)
12) [v.s. ...] (in [grammar]) a series of roots or words following the same rule and called after the first word of the series (e.g. ad-ādi, the [gana] ad etc. or the whole series of roots of the 2nd class; gargādi, the [gana] garga etc. or the series of words commencing with garga)
13) [v.s. ...] a particular group of Sāmans, [Lāṭyāyana i, 6, 5; Varāha-mihira’s Yogayātrā viii, 7]
14) [v.s. ...] a kind of perfume, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
15) [v.s. ...] = vāc (id est. ‘a series of verses’), [Naighaṇṭuka, commented on by Yāska i, 11]
16) [v.s. ...] Name of an author
17) Gaṇā (गणा):—[from gaṇa > gaṇ] f. Name of one of the mothers in Skanda’s retinue, [Mahābhārata ix, 2645] (cf. ahar-, marud-, vṛṣa-, sa-, sapta-, sarva-; deva-,mahā-, and vida-gaṇa.)
18) Gāna (गान):—[from gā] a n. singing, song, [Kātyāyana-śrauta-sūtra; Lāṭyāyana i, vii; Harivaṃśa 11793; Śiśupāla-vadha ix, 54]
19) [v.s. ...] a sound, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.] (cf. araṇya-, ūha-, ūhya-.)
20) [from gādhi] b 1.
[Sanskrit to German] (Deutsch Wörterbuch)
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Böhtlingk and Roth Grosses Petersburger WörterbuchGaṇa (गण):—
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Gāna (गान):—(von 2. gā) n. das Singen, Gesang [Amarakoṣa 1, 1, 6, 4.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 280.] adhvaryoḥ [Kātyāyana’s Śrautasūtrāṇi 4, 9, 7. 20, 3, 5.] sāmagāna [?24, 6, 40. LĀṬY. 1, 8, 5. 7, 10, 18. Harivaṃśa 11793. Cit. beim Scholiast zu Śākuntala 98. Weber’s Verzeichniss 125, 4. 7.] Laut [Dharaṇīkoṣa im Śabdakalpadruma] — Vgl. araṇya, ūha, ūhya .
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Gaṇa (गण):—
1) caturgaṇa eine aus 4 Gliedern bestehende Gruppe [Oxforder Handschriften 175,a,14. 16.] —
2) ein einzelnes Individuum im Gefolge Śiva’s [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 104, 51.] [Kathāsaritsāgara 52, 245. 256.] —
7) [Weber’s Indische Studien 8, 290. 295. 335. 414.] —
11) f. ā Nomen proprium einer der Mütter im Gefolge Skanda's [Mahābhārata 9, 2645.]
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Gāna (गान):—[Śiśupālavadha 9, 54.] gāndharvaṃ gānamityasya (gītasya) bhedadvayamudīritam [Oxforder Handschriften 199,b, No. 472.]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Sanskrit-Wörterbuch in kürzerer FassungGaṇa (गण):——
1) m. (adj. Comp. f. ā) — a) Schaar , Reihe (von Lebendigem und Leblosem) ; Gefolge , Anhang. — b) Schaarengottheiten ; göttliche Wesen untergeordneter Art , welche in der Regel nicht einzeln , sondern nur in Schaaren auftreten ; insbes. Śiva’s Gefolge , welches unter der unmittelbaren Herrschaft von Gaṇeśa steht. — c) ein einzelnes Individuum im Gefolge Śiva's. — d) eine zur Verfolgung bestimmter Zwecke zusammengetretene Anzahl von Menschen , Versammlung , Verein , Körperschaft. — e) *bei den Jaina eine Ṛṣi-Versammlung des Arhant Vīra. — f) *eine philosophische oder religiöse Secte. — g) eine kleinere Heeresabtheilung , = 3 Gulma. — h) eine Gruppe von Mondhäusern , deren drei angenommen werden (die menschliche , die göttliche und die der Rakṣas). — i) *in der Arithmetik Zahl. — k) Versfuss. — l) eine Gruppe von Wurzeln oder Wörtern , welche unter eine und dieselbe Regel fallen. — m) eine best. Gruppe von Sāman [Lāṭyāyana’s Śrautasūtra 1,6,15.] [Varāhamihira’s Yogayātrā 8,7.] — n) *ein best. Parfum. — o) * = vāc. — p) Nomen proprium eines Autors. —
2) f. gaṇā Nomen proprium einer der Mütter im Gefolge Skanda's.
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Gāna (गान):—n. —
1) das Singen , Gesang. —
2) *Laut.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary1) Gaṇa (गण) [Also spelled gan]:—(nm) a community, union, group; a body (signifiying collectivity, as [sadasya]~); an attendant, agent; totem; ~[pati] chief of a [gaṇa] (community); see [gaṇeśa].
2) Gāna (गान) [Also spelled gaan]:—(nm) a song; singing; —[vādya] music —vocal and instrumental; ~[vidyā] music.
3) Gānā (गाना):—(v) to sing, to chant; (nm) a song; —[bajānā] singing and playing of musical instruments; celebration, festivity.
...
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+271): Gana-acarya, Gana-bhoga, Gana-bhogya, Gana-bhojya, Gana-dandanayaka, Gana-dandapala, Gana-pana, Gana-shreshtha, Gana-sthiti, Gana-variyam, Ganabananem, Ganabandhana, Ganabandhu, Ganabhagyaratnamala, Ganabhartar, Ganabhartri, Ganabhojana, Ganabhrit, Ganabhyantara, Ganacakra.
Ends with (+412): Abhayagana, Abhigana, Abhimargana, Acangana, Adhvagana, Agana, Agananagana, Agananigana, Agnignipadadigana, Ahar Vargana, Ahargana, Ahogana, Ajadigana, Ajiradigana, Akritigana, Akshadyutadigana, Alagana, Alaggana, Alambeyagana, Alingana.
Full-text (+6221): Ganapatha, Aranyagana, Uhyagana, Ganapada, Sugana, Ganavidya, Gunagana, Shushkagana, Ganakari, Ganayana, Ganacala, Ganadevata, Ganaratnamahodadhi, Ganaratna, Akritigana, Nandi, Ganaratnakara, Bhringi, Agnika, Khadayana.
Relevant text
Search found 75 books and stories containing Gana, Gaṇa, Gāna, Gaṇā, Gāṇa, Gānā; (plurals include: Ganas, Gaṇas, Gānas, Gaṇās, Gāṇas, Gānās). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Bhajana-Rahasya (by Srila Bhaktivinoda Thakura Mahasaya)
Text 22 < [Chapter 4 - Caturtha-yāma-sādhana (Madhyāhna-kālīya-bhajana–ruci-bhajana)]
Text 25 < [Chapter 8 - Aṣṭama-yāma-sādhana (Rātri-līlā–prema-bhajana sambhoga)]
Text 23 < [Chapter 8 - Aṣṭama-yāma-sādhana (Rātri-līlā–prema-bhajana sambhoga)]
List of Mahabharata people and places (by Laxman Burdak)
Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary) (by Śrī Śrīmad Bhaktivedānta Nārāyana Gosvāmī Mahārāja)
Verse 1.7.111-112 < [Chapter 7 - Pūrṇa (pinnacle of excellent devotees)]
Verse 1.6.55 < [Chapter 6 - Priyatama (the most beloved devotees)]
Verse 1.4.81 < [Chapter 4 - Bhakta (the devotee)]
The Shiva Purana (by J. L. Shastri)
Chapter 21 - The destruction of Dakṣa’s sacrifice (2): The punishment of the gods < [Section 7.1 - Vāyavīya-saṃhitā (1)]
Chapter 14 - The Gaṇas argue and wrangle < [Section 2.4 - Rudra-saṃhitā (4): Kumāra-khaṇḍa]
Chapter 22 - The destruction of Dakṣa’s sacrifice (3) < [Section 7.1 - Vāyavīya-saṃhitā (1)]
The Religion and Philosophy of Tevaram (Thevaram) (by M. A. Dorai Rangaswamy)
The Pey, Putam and Paritam (different sorts of Ganas, attendants) < [Volume 2 - Nampi Arurar and Mythology]
Symbology of khatvanga in the Mahavrata < [Volume 2 - Nampi Arurar and Mythology]
Chapter 3.7 - Andhakasura-murti (conquest of Andhaka Asura) < [Volume 2 - Nampi Arurar and Mythology]
The Skanda Purana (by G. V. Tagare)
Chapter 55 - Ganeśa Proceeds on a Mission to Kāśī < [Section 2 - Uttarārdha]
Chapter 40 - Kuṇḍeśvara (kuṇḍa-īśvara-liṅga) < [Section 2 - Caturaśīti-liṅga-māhātmya]
Chapter 9 - Svargadvāreśvara (svargadvāra-īśvara-liṅga) < [Section 2 - Caturaśīti-liṅga-māhātmya]