Bhagavad-gita with four Commentaries [sanskrit]

140,673 words | ISBN-10: 8189564072 | ISBN-13: 9788189564070

The Sanskrit edition of the Bhagavad Gita with four commentaries: (1) The Subodhini by Shridhara (Sridhara Swami), (2) The Gudharthadipika by Madhusudana (Saraswati), (3) The Sararthavarshini by Vishvanatha (Vishwanath Chakravarti) and (4) The Gitabhushana by Baladeva (Vidyabhushan). Original titles: Bhagavadgītā (भगवद्गीता), Śrīdhara (श्रीधर), Madhusūdana (मधुसूदन), Viśvanātha (विश्वनाथ), Baladeva (बलदेव)

traiguṇyaviṣayā vedā nistraiguṇyo bhavārjuna |
nirdvandvo nityasattvastho niryogakṣema ātmavān ||45||

The Subodhinī commentary by Śrīdhara

nanu svargādikaṃ paramaṃ phalaṃ yadi na bhavati, tarhi kimiti vedastatsādhanatayā karmāṇi vidhīyante | tatrāha traiguṇyaviṣayā iti | triguṇātmakāḥ sakāmā ye'dhikāriṇastadviṣayāsteṣāṃ karmaphalasambandhapratipādakā vedāḥ | tvaṃ tu nistraiguṇyo niṣkāmo bhava | tatropāyamāha nirdvandvaḥ | sukhaduḥkhaśītoṣṇādiyugalāni dvandvāni | tadrahito bhava | tāni sahasvetyarthaḥ | kathamiti | ata āha nityasattvasthaḥ san | dhryamavalambyetyarthaḥ | tathā niryogakṣemaḥ | aprāptasvīkāro yogaḥ, prāptapālanaṃ kṣemaḥ | tadrahitaḥ
| ātmavānapramattaḥ | nahi dvandvākulasya yogakṣemavyāpṛtasya ca pramādinastraiguṇyātikramaḥ sambhavatīti ||45||

The Gūḍhārthadīpikā commentary by Madhusūdana

nanu sakāmānāṃ bhūdāśayadoṣādvyavasāyātmikā buddhiḥ | niṣkāmānāṃ tu vyavasāyātmakabuddhyā karma kurvatāṃ karmasvābhāvyātsvargādiphalaprāptau jñānapratibandhaḥ samāna ityāśaṅkyāha traiguṇyeti | trayāṇāṃ guṇānāṃ karma traiguṇyaṃ kāmamūlaḥ saṃsāraḥ | sa eva prakāśatvena viṣayo yeṣāṃ tādṛśā vedāḥ karmakāṇḍātmakā yo yatphalakāmastasyaiva tatphalaṃ bodhayantītyarthaḥ | na hi saarvebhyaḥ kāmebhyo darśapūrṇamāsāviti viniyoge'pi sakṛdanuṣṭhānātsarvaphalaprāptirbhavati tattatkāmanāvirahāt | yatphalakāmanayānutiṣṭhati
tadeva phalaṃ tasmin prayoga iti sthitaṃ yogasiddhyadhikaraṇe | yasmādevaṃ kāmāvirahe phalavirahastasmāttvaṃ nistraiguṇyo niṣkāmo bhava | he arjuna ! etena karmasvābhāvyātsaṃsāro nirastaḥ |

nanu śītoṣṇādidvandvapratīkārāya vastrādyapekṣaṇātkuto niṣkāmatvamata āha nirdvandvaḥ | sarvatra bhaveti sambadhyate | mātrāsparśāstvityuktanyāyena śītoṣṇādidvandvasahiṣṇurbhava | tasmiṃstiṣṭhatīti tathā | rajastamobhyāmabhibhūtasattvo hi śītoṣṇādipīḍayā mariṣyāmīti manvāno dharmādvimukho bhavati | tvaṃ tu rajastamasī abhibhūya sattvamātrālambano bhava |

nanu śītoṣṇādisahane'pi kṣutpipāsādipratīkārārthaṃ kiṃcidanupāttamupādeyamupāttaṃ ca rakṣaṇīyamiti tadarthaṃ yatne kriyamāṇe kutaḥ sattvasthatvamityata āha niryogakṣemaḥ | alabdhalābho yogaḥ, labdhaparirakṣaṇaṃ kṣemas, tadrahito bhava | cittavikṣepakāriparigraharahito bhavetyarthaḥ | na caivaṃ cintā kartavyā kathamevaṃ sati jīviṣyāmīti | yataḥ sarvāntaryāmī parameśvara eva tava yogakṣemādi nirvāhayiṣyatītyāha ātmavān | ātmā paramātmā dhyeyatvena yogakṣemādinirvāhakatvena ca vartate yasya sa ātmavān | sarvakāmanāparityāgena parameśvaram
ārādhayato mama sa eva dehayātrāmātramapekṣitaṃ sampādayiṣyatīti niścitya niścinto bhavetyarthaḥ | ātmavānapramatto bhaveti ||45||

The Sārārthavarṣiṇī commentary by Viśvanātha

tvaṃ tu caturvargasādhanebhyo virajya kevalaṃ bhaktiyogamevāśrayasvetyāha traiguṇyeti | traiguṇyāstriguṇātmikāḥ karmajñānādyāḥ prakāśyatvena viṣayā yeṣāṃ te traiguṇyaviṣayā vedāḥ svārthe ṣyañ, etacca bhūmnā vyapadeśā bhavanti iti nyāyenoktam | kintu bhaktirevainaṃ nayati iti | yasya deve parā bhaktiryathā deve tathā gurau ityādi śrutayaḥ | pañcarātrādismṛtayaśca gītopaniṣadgopālatāpanyādyupaniṣadaśca nirguṇāṃ bhaktimapi viṣayīkurvantyeva vedoktatvābhāve bhakteraprāmāṇyameva syāt | tataśca vedoktā ye triguṇamayā jñānakarmavidhayastebhya eva nirgato bhava tānna kuru | ye tu vedoktā bhaktividhayastāṃs
tu sarvathaivānutiṣṭha | tadanuṣṭhāne

śrutismṛtipurāṇādipāñcarātravidhiṃ vinā |
aikāntikī harerbhaktirutpātāyaiva kalpyate ||

iti doṣo durvāra eva | tena saguṇānāṃ guṇātītānāmapi, vedānāviṣayāstraiguṇyā nistraiguṇyāśca | tatra tvaṃ tu nistraiguṇyo bhava | nirguṇayā madbhaktyaiva triguṇātmakebhyastebhyo niṣkrānto bhava | tata eva nirdvandvo guṇamayamānāpamānādirahitaḥ | ataeva nityaiḥ sattvaiḥ prāṇibhirmadbhaktaireva saha tiṣṭhatīti tathā saḥ | nityaṃ sattvaguṇastho bhaveti vyākhyāyāṃ nistraiguṇyo bhaeti vyākhyāyāṃ virodhaḥ syāt | alabdhalābho yogaḥ, labdhasya rakṣaṇaṃ kṣemastadrahitaḥ | madbhaktirasāsvādavaśādeva tayorananusandhānāt | yogakṣemaṃ vahāmyahamitbhaktavatsalena mayaiva tadbhāravahanāt
| ātmavānmaddattabuddhiyuktaḥ | atra nistraiguṇyatraiguṇyayorvivecanam | yaduktamekādaśe

madarpaṇaṃ niṣphalaṃ sāttvikaṃ nijakarma yat |
rājasaṃ phalasaṅkalpaṃ hiṃsāprāyādi tāmasam || [BhP 11.25.23]

niṣphalaṃ veti naimittikaṃ nijakarmaphalākāṅkṣyārahitamityarthaḥ |

kaivalyaṃ sāttvikaṃ jñānaṃ rajo vaikalpikaṃ tu yat |
prākṛtaṃ tāmasaṃ jñānaṃ manniṣṭhaṃ nirguṇaṃ smṛtam ||
vanaṃ tu sāttviko vāso grāmo rājasa ucyate |
tāmasaṃ dyutasadanaṃ manniketaṃ tu nirguṇam ||
sāttvikaḥ kārako'saṅgī rāgāndho rājasaḥ smṛtaḥ |
tāmasaḥ smṛtivibhraṣṭo nirguṇo madapāśrayaḥ ||
sāttvikyādhyātmikī śraddhā karmaśraddhā tu rājasī |
tāmasyadharme śraddhā matsevāyāṃ tu nirguṇā ||
pathyaṃ pūtamanāyastamāhāryaṃ sāttvikaṃ smṛtam |
rājasaṃ cendriyapreṣṭhaṃ tāmasaṃ cārtidāśuci ||
sāttvikaṃ sukhamātmotthaṃ viṣayotthaṃ tu rājasam |
tāmasaṃ mohadainyotthaṃ nirguṇaṃ madapāśrayam || [BhP 11.25.24-29] iti |

ityantena granthena traiguṇyavastūnyapi bhaktyā svasmin kathañcitsthitasya traiguṇyasya nirjayo'pyuktastadanantarameva | yathā

dravyaṃ deśastathā kālo jñānaṃ karma ca kārakaḥ |
śraddhāvasthākṛtirniṣṭhā traiguṇyaḥ sarva eva hi ||
sarve guṇamayā bhāvāḥ puruṣāvyaktadhiṣṭhitāḥ |
dṛṣṭaṃ śrutamanudhyātaṃ buddhyā puruṣarṣabha ||
etāḥ saṃsṛtayaḥ puṃso guṇakarmanibandhanāḥ |
yeneme nirjitāḥ saumya guṇājīvena cittajāḥ |
bhaktiyogena manniṣṭho madbhāvāya prapadyate || [BhP 11.25.30-32]

tasmādbhaktyaiva nirguṇayā traiguṇyajayo nānyathā | atrāpyagre kathaṃ caitāṃstrīn guṇānativartate iti praśne vakṣyate

māṃ ca yo'vyabhicāreṇa bhaktiyogena sevate |
sa guṇān samatītyaitān brahmabhūyāya kalpate || [Gītā 14.26]

śrīsvāmicaraṇānāṃ vyākhyā ca cakāro'trāvadhāraṇārthaḥ | māmeva parameśvaramavyabhicāreṇa bhaktiyogena yaḥ sevate ityeṣā |
nistraiguṇyo bhavārjuna nirdvandvo nityasattvastho niryogakṣema ātmavān ||45||

The Gītābhūṣaṇa commentary by Baladeva

nanu phalanairapekṣyeṇa karmāṇi kurvāṇānapi tāni svaphalairyojayeyustatsvābhāvyāttataḥ kathaṃ tadbuddheḥ sambhava iti cettatrāha traiguṇyeti | trayāṇāṃ guṇānāṃ karma traiguṇyam | guṇavacanabrāhmaṇādibhyaḥ karmaṇi ca iti sūtrāt[Pāṇ 5.1.124] ṣyañsakāmatvamityarthaḥ | tadviṣayā vedāḥ karmakāṇḍāni tvaṃ tu tacchirobhūtavedāntaniṣṭho nistraiguṇyo niṣkāmo bhava |

ayamarthaḥ pitṛkoṭivatsalo hi vedo'nādibhagavadvimukhānmāyāguṇairnibaddhāṃstadguṇasṛṣṭasāttvikādisukhasaktān prati tatkāmānanurudhya phalāni prakāśayan svasmiṃstān viśrambhayati | tadviśrambheṇa tatpariśīlinaste tanmūrdhabhūtopanisatpratītayāthātmyaniścayena tāṃ buddhiṃ yāntīti na cākāmitānyapi tānyāpateyuḥ kāmitānāmeva teṣāṃ phalatvaśravaṇāt | na ca sarveṣāṃ vedānāṃ traiguṇyaviṣayatvaṃ nistraiguṇyatāyā aprāmāṇikatvāpatteḥ |

nanu śītoṣṇādinivāraṇāya mātrāsparśāstu kaunteyetyādi vimarśena dvandvasaho bhava | tatra heturnityeti | nityaṃ yatsattvamapariṇāmitvaṃ jīvaniṣṭhaṃ tatsthastadvibhāvyetyarthaḥ | tata eva niryogakṣemaḥ | alabdhalābho yogaḥ labdhasya parirakṣaṇaṃ kṣemaṃ tadrahito bhavetyarthaḥ |

nanu kṣutpipāse tathāpi vādhike iti cettatrāha ātmavāniti | ātmā viśvambharaḥ paramātmā sa yasya dhyeyatayāsti tādṛśo bhavetyarthaḥ | sa te dehayātrāṃ sampādayedityarthaḥ ||45||

__________________________________________________________

Like what you read? Consider supporting this website: