Buddha, Buḍḍha, Buddhā: 43 definitions
Introduction:
Buddha means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Buddh.
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In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Puranic EncyclopediaBuddha (बुद्ध).—The founder of Buddhism. Some consider him to be an incarnation of Viṣṇu. In days of old in a battle the devas were defeated by the asuras and the gods approached Viṣṇu with their grievance. Mahāviṣṇu incarnated as the son of Śuddhodana with the name Gautamabuddha (Siddhārtha). Then he went to the asuras and made them reject the Vedas and the laws thereof. All the Daityas (Asuras) became Buddhists. There is a story in Agnipurāṇa, Chapter 16, that thus it was the purpose of Buddha to convert every asura to Buddhism and send him to hell.
The story given above is in accordance with the Purāṇas. The following are the facts gained by historic investigations. (See full article at Story of Buddha from the Puranic encyclopaedia by Vettam Mani)
Source: archive.org: Nilamata Purana: a cultural and literary studyBuddha (बुद्ध) is the name of a deity that was once worshipped in ancient Kashmir (Kaśmīra) according to the Nīlamatapurāṇa.—The Nīlamata describes Buddha as incarnation of Viṣṇu and prescribes the celebration of his birthday in the bright-half of the month Vaiśākha when Puṣya constellation is in conjunction with the moon. It is stated that the image of Buddha should be bathed in water rendered holy with all herbs, jewels and scents, in accordance with the instructions of the Śākyas i.e. Buddhists.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index1a) Buddha (बुद्ध).—The 20th avatār of Viṣṇu after the advent of Kali; born of Ajana (Añjana, Bhāgavata-purāṇa) in the land of Kīkaṭas;1 Hari addressed as;2 according to Matsya-purāṇa the 9th incarnation.3
1b) A son of Bautya Manu.*
- * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa IV. 1. 114.
1c) One of the names of Śiva.*
- * Vāyu-purāṇa 30. 216; 54. 71; 97. 172; Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 72. 177.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Source: Google Books: Studies in the History of the Exact Sciences (Astronomy)Buddha (बुद्ध) refers to an incarnation, according to the Ghaṭikāyantraghaṭanāvidhi, an unpublished manuscript describing the ritual connected with the setting up of the water clock and its invocation.—Accordingly, “[Now the pala-verses]: [...] For the welfare of the world, there [manifested the incarnations of] the Fish, the Tortoise, the Boar, the Man-Lion, One who had a Short Stature, Paraśurāma, Rāma, Kṛṣṇa, Buddha and Kalkin. I bow to Govinda, the god of gods, who in this manner assumed diverse forms, diverse shapes and diverse names, and who is meditated upon by sage”.
Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Source: SOAS University of London: Protective Rites in the Netra TantraBuddha (बुद्ध) is the name of a deity described in the Netratantra of Kṣemarāja: a Śaiva text from the 9th century in which Śiva (Bhairava) teaches Pārvatī topics such as metaphysics, cosmology, and soteriology.—Accordingly, [verse 13.29-36, while describing the appearance and worship of Rudra]—“The Buddha, the great Yogi, sits on a lotus, [head] bent, listening, and wearing mendicant's rags. [He possesses] beautiful lotus eyes, has a lotus-shaped mark, and is fixed with a jewel. [He is] established in the world, positioned in samādhi, his hands [making the] wish-granting and protection [mudrās]. Deva holds a rudrākṣa and a lotus. Thus, [the Mantrin] should worship and meditate upon Buddha, [who] grants the fruits of mokṣa to women”.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Shilpashastra (iconography)
Source: archive.org: Catalogue of Pancaratra Agama Texts (shilpa)Buddha (बुद्ध) refers to one of the Daśāvatāras (“ten avatāra-incarnations”) whose iconographic details are discussed in chapter 23 of the Ādikāṇḍa of the Hayaśīrṣasaṃhitā: a large Pāñcarātra Āgama consisting of roughly 6500 verses dealing primarily with architecture, temple-building and consecration rituals and iconography.—Description of the chapter [daśa-avatāra-pratimā-lakṣaṇa]: This chapter turns to the general iconographical directions for making the ten avatāra-forms [e.g., Buddha (34)] [...] Note that Kṛṣṇa is omitted from this list.
Shilpashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, śilpaśāstra) represents the ancient Indian science (shastra) of creative arts (shilpa) such as sculpture, iconography and painting. Closely related to Vastushastra (architecture), they often share the same literature.
General definition (in Hinduism)
Source: Wisdom Library: HinduismBuddha (बुद्ध) is a Sanskrit word referring to one of the ten incarnations of Viṣṇu. This incarnation appeared in the dvāparayuga. Viṣṇu is the name of a major Hindu deity and forms part of the trinity of supreme divinity (trimūrti) together with Brahmā and Śiva. They are seen as the cosmic personifications of creation (brahmā), maintenance (viṣṇu), and destruction (śiva).
Source: WikiPedia: Hinduism1. Avatar of Viṣnu. Buddha: Gautama Buddha, the founder of Buddhism, is generally included as an avatar of Vishnu in Hinduism. Buddha may be depicted in Hindu scriptures as a preacher who deludes and leads demons and heretics away from the path of the Vedic scriptures. Another view praises them as a compassionate teacher who preached the path of ahimsa (non-violence).
2. The Buddha is viewed as an avatar of the god Vishnu in Vaishnava Hinduism although the Buddha himself denied that he was a god or an incarnation of a god. Buddha's teachings deny the authority of the Vedas and consequently Buddhism is generally viewed as a nāstika (heterodox school) from the perspective of orthodox Hinduism.
3. Puraṇas: The Buddha is described in important Hindu scriptures, including almost all the major Puranas. It is considered that 'not all of them refer to the same person: some of them refer to other persons, and some occurrences of "buddha" simply mean "a person possessing buddhi"; most of them, however, refer specifically to the founder of Buddhism. They portray him with two roles: preaching false views in order to delude demons, and criticizing animal sacrifice
In the Puranic texts, he is mentioned as one of the ten Avatars of Vishnu, usually as the ninth one.
He is often described as a yogi or yogācārya, and as a sannyāsi. His father is usually called Śuddhodhana, which is consistent with the Buddhist tradition, while in a few places the Buddha's father is named Añjana or Jina. He is described as beautiful (devasundara-rūpa), of yellow skin, and wearing brown-red or red robes.
Source: Red Zambala: On the Salvific Activities of GodAccording to Vaishnavas the Buddha incarnation was taken in order to delude the demons and cause them to reject the Vedas. The function of Śankarāchārya was to re-establish the Vedas and the subsequent Vaishnava acharyas to re-establish Theism.
In Buddhism
Theravada (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: Access to Insight: A Glossary of Pali and Buddhist TermsThe name given to one who rediscovers for himself the liberating path of Dhamma, after a long period of its having been forgotten by the world. According to tradition, a long line of Buddhas stretches off into the distant past. The most recent Buddha was born Siddhattha Gotama in India in the sixth century BCE. A well educated and wealthy young man, he relinquished his family and his princely inheritance in the prime of his life to search for true freedom and an end to suffering (dukkha). After seven years of austerities in the forest, he rediscovered the "middle way" and achieved his goal, becoming Buddha.Source: Pali Kanon: Pali Proper NamesWife of Prince Bodhi and, later, of Moggallana. By Bodhi she had a daughter Lokita and by Moggallana four children: Kitti (afterwards Vijayabahu I.), Mitta, Mahinda and Rakkhita. Cv.lvii.40.
Source: Dhamma Dana: Pali English GlossaryT/M (The one who knows). Omniscient. The one who does reach by himself the knowledge of the four Noble Truths. Perfect Being, Buddha.
Source: Pali Kanon: Manual of Buddhist Terms and Doctriness. sammā-sambodhi.
Theravāda is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra1) Buddha (बुद्ध):—There are two kinds of Buddhas:
- the Buddha with the body born of the fundamental element (dharmadhātujakāya);
- the fictive Buddha (nirmāṇabuddha) who adapts himself to the sufferings of beings.
In speaking of the dharmadhātujakāya Buddha, we say that it is enough to hear his name to find salvation; in speaking of the nirmāṇakāya Buddha who is adapted to beings, we say that in accordance with their karmic cause and conditions, some beings, even though they are dwelling with this Buddha, fall into hell.
2) Buddha (बुद्ध) or Buddhabhūmi refers to the “ground of the Buddhas” and represents one of the ten grounds (bhūmi) shared by adepts of the three vehicles according to the 2nd century Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra chapter 52.—Buddha-bhūmi is of the ten grounds shared by adepts of the three Vehicles (sādhāraṇabhūmi). These are all the attributes of Buddha, beginning with the knowledge of phenomena in all their aspects (sarvākārajñatā).
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Source: Google Books: The Crystal Mirror of Philosophical SystemsBuddha (बुद्ध) (in Tibetan: sangs rgyas) — A being who has achieved the highest goal of sentient striving: unsurpassed, perfect enlightenment . In Hinayana, a buddha is a special type of arhat, appearing only periodically to start a dispensation of the Dharma . For most proponents of Mahayana, buddhahood is the destiny of all beings, and a buddha is asserted to consist of three “bodies” or aspects (kāya): dharmakāya, enjoyment body, and emanation body
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
General definition (in Buddhism)
Source: Wisdom Library: Dharma-samgrahaBuddha (बुद्ध) is the first of the “three treasures” (triratna) defined in the Dharma-saṃgraha (section 1). The Dharma-samgraha (Dharmasangraha) is an extensive glossary of Buddhist technical terms in Sanskrit (e.g., triratna and buddha). The work is attributed to Nagarguna who lived around the 2nd century A.D.
Buddha or Buddhānusmṛti refers to one of the “six recollections” (anusmṛti) as defined in the Dharma-saṃgraha (section 54).
Buddha or Buddhacakṣus refers to one the “five eyes” (cakṣus) as defined in the Dharma-saṃgraha (section 65).
Buddha (“intelligence”) also refers to one of the “eight practices for the abandoning of conditions” (saṃskāra) as defined in the Dharma-saṃgraha (section 119).
Source: Wisdom Library: BuddhismBuddha:—A fully awakened being.
Source: Buddhist Door: GlossaryMeans "the Enlightened One" or "the Awakened One".Source: The Art of Asia: Who is Who in Heaven"Buddha" refers to a fully awakened or enlightened being. The Indian sage Shakyamuni came to be known as the Buddha, but with the development of the Mahayanist pantheon, other Buddhas were also recognized. While each Buddha has a specific iconography, there are certain characteristics that many share. They are often dressed in simple robes suggestive of Shakyamunis mendicant existence. They have elongated, pierced ears, in reference to his renunciation of material wealth such as heavy earrings. The most common pose is the seated, full lotus position, but standing images are also plentiful. Having achieved nirvana, they seem withdrawn from worldly concerns and give the impression of great calm and introspection. As the historic Buddha is said to have exhibited "thirty two features and eighty characteristics" which marked him as a divine being, any number of these features may also be included. Some common characteristics are the urna (a curl of white hair on the forehead, sometimes represented by a golden disc or inlaid crystal), the ushnisha (a protuberance on the head, indicating his superior wisdom), a reverse swastika on his chest, and webbed hands and feet.Source: Buddhism Tourism: Glossary of Buddhist TermsRefers to one who has become awakened and attained nirvana through eradication of impurities. He will no more be reborn in the cycle of samsara. &
Source: Amaravati: GlossaryPerfect Enlightenment, Universal Buddha hood, is the state attained by a Universal Buddha (samma sambuddha), i.e one by whom the liberating Law (dhamma) wich has become lost to the world, is again discovered, realized and clearly proclaimed to the world.
Source: Shambala Publications: GeneralBuddha Skt., Pali, lit., “awakened one.” A person who has achieved the enlightenment that leads to release from the cycle of existence (samsāra) and has thereby attained complete liberation (nirvāna). The content of his teaching, which is based on the experience of enlightenment, is the four noble truths. A buddha has overcome every kind of craving (trishnā); although even he also has pleasant and unpleasant sensations, he is not ruled by them and remains innerly untouched by them. After his death he is not reborn again.
Two kinds of buddhas are distinguished: the pratyeka-buddha, who is completely enlightened but does not expound the teaching; and the samyak-sambuddha, who expounds for the welfare of all beings the teaching that he has discovered anew. A samyak-sambuddha is omniscient (sarvajñatā) and possesses the ten powers of a buddha (dashabala) and the four certainties. The buddha of our age is Shākyamuni. (See also Buddha 2.)
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: archive.org: Bhagavati SutraBuddha (बुद्ध) refers to “(one who is) enlightened”, according to the Bhagavatīsūtra , book 8 chapter 5.—Accordingly, “[...] [Question].—Bhante! Does a monk who has restrained the cycles of coming and going,...till who has completed his work, acquire again, on death, the existence and other conditions of human life? [Answer].—Gautama! A monk who has restrained the cycles,...till, on death, docs not acquire the existence and other conditions of human life. [Question].—Bhante! How is he to be called? [Answer].—Gautama! He may be called Siddha, he may be called Buddha, he may be called pāragata, he may be called paramparāgata; he may be called siddha, buddha, mukta, nibṛtta [i.e., parinirvṛta], anta-kṛta and sarva-dukkha-prahīṇa”.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
India history and geography
Source: Wisdom Library: Teachers, Saints and Sages1) Buddha (बुद्ध) or Buddhanātha refers to one of the eighty-four Siddhas (Siddhācāryas) mentioned in various sources as being representative teachers of Sahajiya Tantrism, Alchemy, Nath Sampradaya and other traditions having influence in the Indian subcontinent and the Himalayas.—Many of these Mahāsiddhas [e.g., Buddha-nātha] were historical figures whose lives and mystical powers were the subject of legends. They are often associated with teachings belonging to Hinduism, Buddhism, Ajivikism and Jainism and are evident of a caste-less interreligious spiritual society.
2) Buddha (बुद्ध) or Buddhasiddha refers to one of the Nava Nāthas in Gourana’s Nava Natha Charitra (Telugu).—Cf. Chandramouli, N., Tantric Symbols in the Art of Srisailam, paper presented in National Seminar on Tantrism, Osmania University, Hyderabad, 2002.—The nine teachers [e.g., Buddha-siddha] are considered representative of great teachers in this tradition or Parampara tradition—a succession of Teachers (Gurus) and Disciples (Shishyasa) in Indian-origin religions such as Hinduism, Jainism, Sikhism and Buddhism.
Source: archive.org: Personal and geographical names in the Gupta inscriptionsBuddha (बुद्ध) is an example of a name based on some sect mentioned in the Gupta inscriptions. Various names indicated Buddhist or Jain sects. The Gupta empire (r. 3rd-century CE), founded by Śrī Gupta, covered much of ancient India and embraced the Dharmic religions such as Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism. Derivation of personal names (e.g., Buddha) during the rule of the Guptas followed patterns such as tribes, places, rivers and mountains.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical GlossaryBuddha.—(LL), Buddhist; a class of saints. See Bodhisattva. Note: buddha is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionarybuddha : (pp. of bujjhati) known; understood; perceived. (m.), one who has attained enlightenment; the Enlightened One. || buḍḍha (adj.) aged; old.
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English DictionaryBuḍḍha, (for vuḍḍha, pp. of vṛdh, see vaḍḍhati) aged, old D. II, 162; J. I, 164 (°pabbajita one who has become an ascetic in his old age). Compar. buḍḍhatara DhA. II, 239 (v. l. K. B. S. vuḍḍhatara). (Page 488)
— or —
1) Buddha, 2 (=buddha1) A. one who has attained enlightenment; a man superior to all other beings, human & divine, by his knowledge of the truth, a Buddha. At A. II, 38 the Buddha declares himself to be neither a god (deva) nor a Gandharva, nor a Yakṣa nor a man. ‹-› The word Buddha is an appellative, not a proper name (na mātarā kataṃ etc., vimokkh’antikaṃ etaṃ bud‹-› dhānaṃ Bhagavantānaṃ bodhiyā mūle ... paññatti) Nd1 458 & Ps. I, 174.—There are 2 sorts of B’s, viz. Pacceka-buddhas or Buddhas who attain to complete enlightenment, but do not preach the way of deliverance to the world, and Sammāsambuddhas, who are omniscient and endowed with the 10 powers (see bala), and whose mission is to proclaim the saving truth to all beings (cp. Miln. 106). In this function the B’s are Satthāro or teachers, Masters. In his rôle of a preeminent man a Buddha is styled Bhagavā or Lord: Buddho so Bhagavā M. I, 235; Pv. II, 960=DhA. III, 219.—Besides the 18 dhammā and the 10 balāni they are gifted with the 4 vesārajjāni (A. II, 9, cp. Miln. 106). These teachers appear upon the earth from time to time; the approach of the birth of a B. (buddh’—uppāda) is hailed by the acclamation of the worlds, they live the houseless life and found an Order (Buddha-pamukha bhikkhu-saṅgha Sn. p. 111; Sn. 81, 386; Miln. 212; DA. I, 242; PvA. 19). The news that a B. has appeared upon earth is a cause of the greatest rejoicing: opportunity to see him is eagerly sought (Vin. II, 155; S. I, 210; DA. I, 248). The B. is always born in a brāhmaṇa or khattiya family. It is impossible here to give all the references for the Buddhas or Buddhahood in general; see e.g. Vin. III, 24 sq. ; Dh. 182 sq. , 194, 195 (=sammā sambuddhā DhA. III, 252), 387; J. I, 51; III, 128; Vism. 442 (pubba-buddhā); PvA. 20.—The remembrance of former births a B. shares with other classes of privileged beings, only in a different (higher) degree. This faculty (in an ascending scale) is possessed by the foll. 6 classes: titthiyā, pakati-sāvakā, mahā-sāvaka, agga-sāvakā, pacceka-buddhā, buddhā (see Vism. 411).—B. The word Buddha is specially applied to the Buddha of the present world-age, Gotama by family-name. He is said to be the 25th of the series of former Buddhas (pubbā buddhā) S. I, 109, 140; IV, 52.—Seven Buddhas are mentioned in the earlier texts & frequently referred to (cp. the 7 Rishis of the Vedic period, see also under satta, No. 7). They are Vipassī, Sikhī, Vessabhū, Kakusandha, Konāgamana, Kassapa and Gotama (D. II, 5—7; S. II, 5—11; cp. Th. 1, 491; J. II, 147). They are also mentioned in an old formula against snake-bites (Vin. II, 110). The (allegorical) names of the predecessors of these in former ages are Dīpaṅkara, Kondañña, Maṅgala, Sumana, Revata, Sobhita, Anomadassī, Paduma, Narada, Padumuttara, Sumedha, Sujāta, Piyadassī, Atthadassī, Dhammadassī, Siddhattha, Tissa, Phussa.—The typical career of a Buddha is illustrated in the life of Gotama and the legends connected with his birth, as they appear in later tradition. Before his last existence he practised the 10 perfections (pāramitā, q. v.) for many ages, & finally descended from the Tusita Heaven (see Buddhavaṃsa). He was born in a khattiya family and was distinguished by the 32 signs of a great man (Mahāpurisa-lakkhaṇāni see D. II, 17 sq. and similar passages; cp. Ud. 48). His mother Māyā bore him painlessly and died seven days after his birth M. III, 118 sq.—The story of each of the 25 Buddhas is given in the Buddhavaṃsa, quoted in the introductory chapters of the Jātak’aṭṭhakathā.—Convinced that asceticism was not the way to enlightenment, he renounced austerities. He became enlightened when seated in meditation under an Assattha tree (Ficus religiosa, hence called Bodhi or Bo tree). At the supreme moment he was tempted by Māra, but vanquished the evil one. He was then ready to depart, but resolved to remain in the world and preach the truth (M. I, 169; Vin. I, 6; a rather diff. account A. II, 20). That day he knew and proclaimed himself to be the Buddha and his career as a teacher began (M. I, 171; Vin. I, 9; Sn. 558).—Like all the other Sammā-sambuddhas he founded an Order, converting and gladdening men by his discourses. After a long life of teaching he attained Nibbāna (nibbānaṃ adhigacchi), and passed utterly away: S. I, 210; D. II, 156; Sn. 83, 513, 1133 sq. ; Miln. 96.—The Epithets attributed to all the Buddhas are naturally assigned also to Gotama Buddha. Out of the almost endless series of these we only give a few. He is adored as the highest and holiest of men (S. I, 47; III, 84; loke anuttaro, lokassa aggo; Miln. 70). He is the supremely wise, the conqueror of the powers of darkness, the teacher of gods (devas and yakkhas) and men S. I, 50, 132, 206. 301; A. I, 142; II, 33; III, 65; Sn. 157 sq. He is the ādicca-bandhu kinsman of the sun S. I, 186; and compared to a universal monarch (rājā cakkavattī) A. I, 76; III, 150 and to the lion (sīha), the king of the animals A. III, 122. He is buddha-vīra Th. 1, 47; the refuge of all beings M. II, 305; DA. I, 233; Miln. 95; further appaṭipuggala S. I, 134; his teaching leads to enlightenment, to self-conquest, to security & deliverance M. I, 235; Sn. 454, 993; DA. I, 230. He himself is not to be reborn (antima-sarīro with his last body) S. I, 210; he is vimutto, freed & has come to the end of sorrow A. IV, 258; S. III, 65; full of compassion for all beings S. I, 25, 51; M. II, 100; he is bhisakko the physician A. IV, 340; magga-ññu, magga-vidū, maggakovido S. III, 66.—Under Buddh’anussati (Vism. 198 sq.) we find the famous formula Bhagavā Arahaṃ Sammāsambuddho vijjā-caraṇa-sampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisa-damma-sārathi Satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho Bhagavā (D. I, 49≈), analysed & exegetically discussed. Here (p. 209) “Buddha” is explained with the formula as found at Ps. I, 174; Nd1 457. More explicitly with var. epithets at the latter passage. This formula is one of the highest & most comprehensive characterisations of a Buddha, & occurs frequently in the Canon, e.g. M. I, 179; S. II, 69; V, 343.—A khattiya by birth he is called a brāhmaṇa because he carries on the sacred tradition, and because he excels in wisdom, self-control and virtue Miln. 225.
2) Buddha, 1 (adj.) (med. -pass. pp. of bujjhati, cp. Epic Sk. buddha) (a) understood S. I, 35=60 (su-dub-buddha very difficult to understand).—(b) having attained enlightenment, wise A. IV, 449; PvA. 16 (buddh’ādayo), 60 (=ariya). Usually appld to the Bhagavant (Gotama) M. I, 386 (one of the adj. describing Gotama to Nigaṇṭha Nāthaputta); Sn. 993. The true brāhmaṇa is buddha, e.g. Sn. 622, 643, 646. (Page 488)
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarybuddha (बुद्ध).—m (S) A generic name for a deified teacher of the bauddha sect. Many are reckoned, but the name is especially applied to the ninth incarnation of viṣṇu, the apparent founder of the religion of the bauddha.
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buddha (बुद्ध).—ind An affix to the word śēḷī or mēṇḍhī (goat or sheep) denoting unity, and thus corresponding with Head; as śēḷī buddha ēka; mēṇḍhī buddha dōna. See sara, naga, naphara, rāsa, buddha is applicable only to the numbers below 20; above 20 buddha gives place to māca.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishbuddha (बुद्ध).—m A generic name for a deified teacher of the bauddha sect
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryBuddha (बुद्ध).—p. p. [budh-kta]
1) Known, understood, perceived.
2) Awakened, awake.
3) Observed.
4) Enlightened, wise; एवमेव मनुष्येन्द्र धर्मं त्यक्त्वाल्पकं नरः । बृहन्तं धर्ममाप्नोति स बुद्ध इति निश्चितम् (evameva manuṣyendra dharmaṃ tyaktvālpakaṃ naraḥ | bṛhantaṃ dharmamāpnoti sa buddha iti niścitam) || Mahābhārata (Bombay) 3.33.67; (see budh).
5) Expanded (vikasita); सरःसु बुद्धाम्बुजभूषणेषु विक्षोभ्य विक्षोभ्य जलं पिबन्ति (saraḥsu buddhāmbujabhūṣaṇeṣu vikṣobhya vikṣobhya jalaṃ pibanti) Rām.4.3.41;5.14.24.
-ddhaḥ 1 A wise or learned man, a sage.
2) (With Buddhists) A wise or enlightened person who, by perfect knowledge of the truth, is absolved from all existence, and who reveals to the world the method of obtaining the Nirvāṇa or final emancipation before obtaining it himself;
3) 'The enlightened', Name of Śākyasimha, the celebrated founder of the Bauddha religion; (he is said to have been born at Kapilavastu and to have died in 543 B. C.; he is sometimes regarded as the ninth incarnation of Viṣṇu; thus Jayadeva says :-nindasi yajñavidherahaha śrutijātaṃ sadayahṛdaya darśitapaśughātaṃ keśava dhṛtabuddhaśarīra jaya jagadīśa hare Gītagovinda 1); क्वचिद्बुद्धः कल्किर्विहरसि कुभारापहतये (kvacidbuddhaḥ kalkirviharasi kubhārāpahataye) Viṣṇu-mahimna 4; ततः कलौ संप्रवृत्ते संमोहाय सुरद्विषाम् । बुद्धो नाम्नाञ्जनसुतः कीकटेषु भविष्यति (tataḥ kalau saṃpravṛtte saṃmohāya suradviṣām | buddho nāmnāñjanasutaḥ kīkaṭeṣu bhaviṣyati) Bhāg.
4) The Supreme Soul (paramātmā); अथ बुद्धमथा- बुद्धमिमं गुणविधिं शृणु (atha buddhamathā- buddhamimaṃ guṇavidhiṃ śṛṇu) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 12.38.1.
-ddham Knowledge.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit DictionaryBuddha (बुद्ध).—an ‘Enlightened One’, passim; Mahāvyutpatti 1 (and regularly) = Tibetan saṅs rgyas; 35 Buddhas before whom serious offenses are to be confessed by Bodhisattvas, Śikṣāsamuccaya 169.4, see note. Many long lists of B's in most of the texts here included; in general, each name in such lists has been entered in my Dict. But one such list, (Ārya-)Mañjuśrīmūlakalpa 7.24-8.18, has been ignored; the text is very corrupt and obscure; division of the words is often uncertain; few of the names are known elsewhere, Five Buddhas called ‘transcendent’ by P. Mus, Barabudur, p.577 ff. (L'origine des Cinq Jina; a full discussion here), Dharmasaṃgraha 3 et alibi, see the names Vairocana, Akṣobhya, Ratna- saṃbhava, Amitābha, Amoghasiddhi.
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Buddha (बुद्ध) or Buddhaka.—(-buddhaka), ifc. [bahuvrīhi]: sabuddhaka-kalpābuddhaka-kalpa-Daśabhūmikasūtra 87.20 (prose).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryBuddha (बुद्ध).—mfn.
(-ddhaḥ-ddhā-ddhaṃ) Known, understood. m.
(-ddhaḥ) 1. A generic name for a deified teacher of the Baudd'ha sect, amongst whom numerous Budd'has are reckoned; the name is especially applied to the 9th incarnation of Vishnu and the apparent founder of the religion of the Baudd'has; the term is often confounded but improperly, with a Jina: see jina. 2. A sage, a wise or learned man. E. budh to know, aff. ktaḥ see budha .
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryBuddha (बुद्ध).—[adjective] awakened (lit. & [figuratively]), completely conscious, enlightened; [masculine] the Enlightened One, the Buddha, [Epithet] of Gautama of the Śakya tribe.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Buddha (बुद्ध):—a buddhi See [columns] 2 and 3.
2) [from budh] b mfn. awakened, awake, [Mahābhārata]
3) [v.s. ...] expanded, blown, [Sāma-vidhāna-brāhmaṇa]
4) [v.s. ...] conscious, intelligent, clever, wise (opp. to mūḍha), [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature] etc.
5) [v.s. ...] learnt, known, understood, [Āpastamba; Mahābhārata] (‘by’, usually [instrumental case], but also [genitive case] according to, [Pāṇini 2-2, 12; 3, 67 [Scholiast or Commentator]])
6) [v.s. ...] m. a wise or learned man, sage, [Horace H. Wilson]
7) [v.s. ...] (with Buddhists) a fully enlightened man who has achieved perfect knowledge of the truth and thereby is liberated from all existence and before his own attainment of Nirvāṇa reveals the method of obtaining it, ([especially]) the principal Buddha of the present age (born at Kapila-vastu about the year 500 B.C. his father, Śuddhodana, of the Śākya tribe or family, being the Rāja of that district, and his mother, Māyā-devī, being the daughter of Rāja Su-prabuddha, [Monier-Williams’ Buddhism 19 etc.]; hence he belonged to the Kṣatriya caste and his original name Śākya-muni or Śākya-siṃha was really his family name, while that of Gautama was taken from the race to which his family belonged; for his other names See, [ib. 23]; he is said to have died when he was 80 years of age, [probably] about 420 B.[Calcutta edition] [ib. 49 n. 1]; he was preceded by 3 mythical Buddhas of the present Kalpa, or by 24, reckoning previous Kalpa, or according to others by 6 principal Buddhas, [ib. 136]; sometimes he is regarded as the 9th incarnation of Viṣṇu, [Harivaṃśa; Kāvya literature; Varāha-mihira] etc.)
8) [v.s. ...] n. knowledge, [Bhāgavata-purāṇa] ([Bombay edition] buddhi).
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryBuddha (बुद्ध):—(ddhaḥ) 1. m. Buddha; a sage. a. Known, understood.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Buddha (बुद्ध) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Buṃjjhea, Buddha.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary1) Buḍḍhā (बुड्ढा):—(a) old, aged, senile.
2) Buddha (बुद्ध) [Also spelled buddh]:—(nm) Lord Buddha.
...
Prakrit-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary1) Buddha (बुद्ध) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Buddha.
2) Buddha (बुद्ध) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Bauddha.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusBuddha (ಬುದ್ಧ):—[adjective] got the true knowledge; enlightened; wise.
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Buddha (ಬುದ್ಧ):—
1) [noun] all that has been perceived or grasped by the mind; learning; enlightenment; knowledge.
2) [noun] a fully enlightened man who has achieved perfect knowledge of the truth and thereby is liberated from all existence and who can reveal to others the method of obtaining it.
3) [noun] a Bauddha or Jaina monk.
4) [noun] Gautama Buddha(563 - 483 BC), the founder of Buddhism.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Source: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary1) Buddha (बुद्ध):—adj. 1. known; understood; perceived; 2. awakened; awake; 3. observed; 4. enlightened; wise;
2) Buddha (बुद्ध):—n. 1. the Awakened One; one who through eons of spiritual development has attained Anuttara-Samyak-Sambodhi; Sakyamuni Buddha who lived and taught in Nepal some 2,600 years ago; 2. the ninth incarnation of Vishnu;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+183): Buddha Dordenma, Buddha Nature, Buddha Nirvana, Buddha pea, Buddha Sasana, Buddha Sutta, Buddha Vagga, Buddha-body, Buddha-caitya, Buddha-narikel, Buddha-presa, Buddha-press, Buddhabala, Buddhabhadra, Buddhabhashita, Buddhabhatta, Buddhabhava, Buddhabhavanta, Buddhabhela, Buddhabhelagama.
Ends with (+67): Abbhisambuddha, Abhisambuddha, Abuddha, Adi Buddha, Adibuddha, Alpabuddha, Anagatabuddha, Anubuddha, Anusambuddha, Apalibuddha, Appadibuddha, Aprabuddha, Apratibuddha, Atitabuddha, Avabuddha, Avibuddha, Buddhanubuddha, Burning Lamp Buddha, Caturbuddha, Dharmatabuddha.
Full-text (+10992): Sakyamuni, Ananda, Pratyekabuddha, Bodhisattva, Tathagata, Amitabha, Sarvabuddha, Kashyapa, Seven Buddhas, Dhyanin, Bhadrakalpa, Nakshatraraja, Five Dhyani Buddhas, Ratnasambhava, Vipashyin, Indradhvaja, Pancabuddha, Sikhin, Krakucchanda, Akshobhya.
Relevant text
Search found 461 books and stories containing Buddha, Buḍḍha, Buddhā, Buḍḍhā, Buddhas; (plurals include: Buddhas, Buḍḍhas, Buddhās, Buḍḍhās, Buddhases). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Dhammapada (Illustrated) (by Ven. Weagoda Sarada Maha Thero)
Verse 179-180 - The Story of the Three Daughters of Māra < [Chapter 14 - Buddha Vagga (The Buddha)]
Verse 193 - The Story of the Question Raised by Venerable Ānanda < [Chapter 14 - Buddha Vagga (The Buddha)]
Verse 183-185 - The Story of the Question Raised by Venerable Ānanda < [Chapter 14 - Buddha Vagga (The Buddha)]
Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra (by Gelongma Karma Migme Chödrön)
Part 6 - Honoring all the buddhas by means of a single offering < [Chapter XLIX - The Four Conditions]
Part 8 - Retaining the teachings of the Buddhas of the present < [Chapter L - Arriving at the other Shore]
Part 7 - Seeing, hearing and understanding all the Buddhas of the present < [Chapter L - Arriving at the other Shore]
The Great Chronicle of Buddhas (by Ven. Mingun Sayadaw)
Part 1 - The Āṭānāṭiya Paritta < [Chapter 39 - How the Āṭānāṭiya Paritta came to be Taught]
Part 2 - The two forms of Pāṭimokkha < [Chapter 16 - The arrival of Upatissa and Kolita]
Chapter 13 - The Buddha’s first Vassa: Sending out Sixty Arahats < [Volume 2.2]
Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary) (by Śrī Śrīmad Bhaktivedānta Nārāyana Gosvāmī Mahārāja)
Verse 1.6.99 < [Chapter 6 - Priyatama (the most beloved devotees)]
Apadana commentary (Atthakatha) (by U Lu Pe Win)
Commentary on internal preface (abbhantara-nidāna) < [Chapter 1 - Buddhavagga (Buddha section)]
Commentary on the Biography of Buddha (Buddha-apadāna-vaṇṇanā) < [Chapter 1 - Buddhavagga (Buddha section)]
Conclusion of the commentary on silent buddhas (paccekabuddhas) < [Commentary on biography of Silent Buddhas (Paccekabuddha)]
Buddhist Outlook on Daily Life (by Nina van Gorkom)
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