Samtana, Santāna, Saṃtana, Saṃtāna, Santana: 32 definitions

Introduction:

Samtana means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

Alternative spellings of this word include Santan.

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In Hinduism

Shilpashastra (iconography)

Source: Wisdom Library: Elements of Hindu Iconograpy

Santāna (सन्तान):—Son of Ugra (aspect of Śiva, as in, one of the eight names of Rudra) and Suvarchalā, according to the Pādma-purāṇa.

Shilpashastra book cover
context information

Shilpashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, śilpaśāstra) represents the ancient Indian science (shastra) of creative arts (shilpa) such as sculpture, iconography and painting. Closely related to Vastushastra (architecture), they often share the same literature.

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Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Santāna (सन्तान) refers to the “family”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.54 (“Description of the duties of the chaste wife”).—Accordingly, as a Brahmin lady said to Pārvatī: “[...] Wife is the root of the household, and of its happiness; she is the source of the fruit of virtue and for the flourishing of the family (santāna-vṛddhi). In every house there are women proud of their exquisite beauty and comely appearance. But it is only due to the devotion of Śiva that a chaste lady is obtained. [...]”.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index

1) Saṃtana (संतन).—Sacred to Lalitā.*

  • * Matsya-purāṇa 13. 34.

2a) Saṃtāna (संतान).—A son of Ugra Dīkṣita and Dīkṣā.*

  • * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 10. 83; Vāyu-purāṇa 27. 55.

2b) A son of Brahman (Dīkṣita).*

  • * Viṣṇu-purāṇa I. 8. 11.
Purana book cover
context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

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Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)

Source: Wikisource: A dictionary of Sanskrit grammar

Saṃtāna (संतान).—Continuity; line; continuous recital.

Vyakarana book cover
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Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.

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Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)

Source: Shodhganga: Iconographical representations of Śiva

Santāna (सन्तान) or Santānāgama refers to one of the twenty-eight Siddhāntāgama: a classification of the Śaiva division of Śaivāgamas. The Śaivāgamas represent the wisdom that has come down from lord Śiva, received by Pārvatī and accepted by Viṣṇu. The Śaivāgamas are divided into four groups viz. Śaiva, Pāśupata, Soma and Lākula. Śaiva is further divided in to Dakṣiṇa, Vāma and Siddhānta (e.g., santāna).

Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions

Saṃtāna (संतान) refers to the “tradition (of the Siddhas)”, according to the 13th-century Matsyendrasaṃhitā: a Kubjikā-Tripurā oriented Tantric Yoga text of the Ṣaḍanvayaśāmbhava tradition from South India.—Accordingly, “After this, O Śivā, hear the exposition of the Kula Conduct. After he has joined the tradition (saṃtāna) of the Siddhas, he should worship his guru as divine. The Yogin who is engaged in the worship of his guru can obtain the highest Power (siddhi). The guru’s bedstead, his bedding, clothes, ornaments, sandals, parasol, antilope-skin, bowl or anything else: if he touches any of these with his feet, he should place them on his head and recite [mantras] eight times. [...]”.

Shaivism book cover
context information

Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.

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Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)

Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by Varahamihira

Santāna (सन्तान) refers to “offspring”, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 11), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “The comets that resemble clusters of stars are named Gaṇakā Ketus; they are 8 in number and are the sons of Prajāpati. Those that are oblongular in shape, are 204 in number and are the sons of Brahmā [i.e., brahma-santāna]. The comets that resemble clusters of bamboo canes and that are as bright as the moon are named Kaṅkā Ketus; they are the sons of Varuṇa and are 32 in number. When they appear mankind will suffer miseries”.

Jyotisha book cover
context information

Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.

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Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)

Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram

Santāna (सन्तान) refers to the “(Krama) lineage”, according to the Kularatnoddyota verse 2.12-20.—Accordingly, “Initially, O great goddess, Ādinātha created the Paścima Krama lineage (santānapaścimaṃ kramasantānaṃ) and then, O dear one, he worshipped it himself with a sacrificial substance born from his own body and possessing marvellous power. O fair one, (this is) the most excellent Krama which bestows the fruit of enjoyment and liberation”.

Shaktism book cover
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Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

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Nirukta (Sanskrit etymology)

Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram (etymology)

Santāna (सन्तान) refers to a “particular spiritual lineage generated by a Yoginī / goddess or a Siddha / god in conjunction with their partner”.—The word ‘santāna’ is derived from the root √tan which means: “to stretch along or cover, to unite or join one’s self with; to join or connect or keep together, make continuous, to add, annex, to effect, accomplish; to exhibit, display, evince”. All these meanings derive from the basic sense of extension or spreading out which involves appropriation, accomplishment and manifestation.

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Nirukta (निरुक्त) or “etymology” refers to the linguistic analysis of the Sanskrit language. This branch studies the interpretation of common and ancient words and explains them in their proper context. Nirukta is one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas.

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In Buddhism

Theravada (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Pali Kanon: Pali Proper Names

Samtana.—An Elder who came to Ceylon from Rakkhanga, at the head of thirty three monks, at the invitation of Vimaladhammasuriya II. Cv.xcvii.10.

Source: Pali Kanon: Manual of Buddhist Terms and Doctrines

Santāna (“continuity”) may refer to:

  • the continuity of consciousness (cittas.),
  • of the groups of existence (khandhas.),
  • of sub-consciousness (bhavangas.),
  • of corporeality (rūpas.),
  • to the uninterrupted continuity of the paticcasamuppāda (q.v.), etc. (App.).
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Theravāda is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).

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Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

Saṃtāna (संतान) refers to “series”, according to Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter 41).—Accordingly, “[According to the Sarvāstivādin].—[...] Thus, the fire that was extinguished yesterday can today give rise to a memory, but it is impossible that this fire be revived by virtue of this memory. If I see that someone is gathering kindling (indhana), I know that they will light the fire and I say to myself that today’s fire is like yesterday’s fire, but it is not possible for the fire to be re-kindled by virtue of this memory that I have of the fire. It is the same for that which is things of the future. Although the present mind (pratyutpanna-citta) is instantaneous (kṣaṇika) and without duration (asthitika), it re-arises in series (saṃtāna) and is able to recognize dharmas. [...]”.

Source: academia.edu: A Study and Translation of the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā

Saṃtāna (संतान) or Cittasaṃtāna refers to the “train of thoughts”, according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā: the eighth chapter of the Mahāsaṃnipāta (a collection of Mahāyāna Buddhist Sūtras).—Accordingly, “Then, the Lord went on to speak these verses: ‘(34) Since their nature is originally pure, they give a gift with the purity of awakening. Since they are not attached to (asakta) their train of thoughts (citta-saṃtāna), they give a gift without any discursive thinking (niṣprapañca). [...]’”.

Mahayana book cover
context information

Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.

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Buddhist philosophy

Source: Wisdom Experience: Mind (An excerpt from Science and Philosophy)

Santāna (सन्तान) refers to a “continuum (of mental moments)”.—The term “mind” in Western contexts suggests a single entity that endures over time and has various capacities, dispositions, or features. In contrast, the Buddhist sources cited by our authors maintain that mind is episodic, such that a mind (citta) is a continuum (santāna) of mental moments, each moment causally emerging from the previous moment and acting as a cause for the subsequent moment. Each mind is thus a unique moment of consciousness (jñāna) or awareness (saṃvitti). The analysis of the nature of mind is thus actually an analysis of what, in many Western contexts, would be a moment of mind or a “mind event.” In a way that can be additionally confusing, Buddhist authors will often speak of plural “minds” that pertain to the same person at different points of time or in different contexts, such as the mind in a moment of visual consciousness or the mind in a moment of one-pointed concentration. [...]

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In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve Reflections

Saṃtāna (संतान) refers to the “continuous (series of births)” (in the cycle of rebirth), according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “[com.—Next he speaks about the nature of asceticism]—Astonishingly, external [and] internal asceticism is undergone by honourable mendicants who are wise [and] alarmed by the continuous series of births (janman-saṃtāna-śaṅkita) [in the cycle of rebirth]. In that regard, external asceticism is declared to be of six kinds beginning with fasting while internal [asceticism] is also of [six] kinds on account of the divisions beginning with atonement”.

Synonyms: Paramparā.

General definition book cover
context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

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India history and geography

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical Glossary

Santāna.—(SITI), lineage. (BL), cf. a Jain religious teacher described as belonging to the paṭṭa of another teacher and the santāna of a third teacher. (IA 20), used in the sense of āmnāya or kula-krama. (EI 6), same as santānaka, santati; seven in number. Note: santāna is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.

India history book cover
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The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

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Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

[«previous next»] — Samtana in Pali glossary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

santāna : (nt.) continuity; succession; 2. offspring; 3. a cobweb.

Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Santāna, (nt.) (fr. saṃ+tan) 1. spreading, ramification, tendril (valli°) KhA 48.—2. one of the 5 celestial trees J. VI, 239 (°maya made of its flowers).—3. (also m, ) continuity, succession; lineage S. III, 143; DA. I, 46; DhsA. 63, 217, 297; Vism. 555; VbhA. 164. Cp. citta° continuity of consciousness Cpd. 1677. (Page 676)

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Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

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Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

Santāna (सन्तान).—n (S) Race, progeny, offspring, descendants. Pr. kuḷāsa kōḍa santānāsa vēḍa. 2 m S One of the trees of Paradise,--one of the five reckoned as kalpavṛkṣa q. v.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

Santāna (सन्तान).—n Race, offspring, descendants.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

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Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Saṃtāna (संतान).—

1) Stretching, extending, extension, expanse, spread; चरामो वसुधां कृत्स्नां धर्मसंतानमिच्छवः (carāmo vasudhāṃ kṛtsnāṃ dharmasaṃtānamicchavaḥ) Rām. 4.18.9; संतानैस्तनुभावनष्टसलिला व्यक्तिं व्रजन्त्यापगाः (saṃtānaistanubhāvanaṣṭasalilā vyaktiṃ vrajantyāpagāḥ) Ś.7.8.

2) Continuity, continuous flow or line, succession, continuance; अच्छिन्नामलसंतानाः (acchinnāmalasaṃtānāḥ) Kumārasambhava 6.69; संतानवाहीनि दुःखानि (saṃtānavāhīni duḥkhāni) Uttararāmacarita 4.8.

3) Family, race.

4) Progeny, offspring, issue; संतानार्थाय विधये (saṃtānārthāya vidhaye) R.1.34; संतानकामाय राज्ञे (saṃtānakāmāya rājñe) 2.65; 18.52; Manusmṛti 3.185.

5) One of the five trees of Indra's paradise; सन्तानकुसुमशेखरकं च मम शीर्षे पिनद्धम् (santānakusumaśekharakaṃ ca mama śīrṣe pinaddham) Nāg.3 (between verses 2-3); सन्तानः कल्पवृक्षश्च पुंसि वा हरिचन्दनम् (santānaḥ kalpavṛkṣaśca puṃsi vā haricandanam) Ak.

Derivable forms: saṃtānaḥ (संतानः), saṃtānam (संतानम्).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

Saṃtāna (संतान).—m. or nt., (1) = saṃtati 1, q.v.; figures underlying this in Laṅkāvatāra-sūtra 18.2, 3, continuity of fire with difference of individual flames, of vegetable growths unified by origin from one seed, agnijvālāyā eka-saṃtāna- patitāyā dṛṣṭo 'rciṣaś ca prativibhāgaḥ, ekabījaprasūtā- nāṃ yat-saṃtānānām api…; saṃvidyante bhikṣavo yuṣmākaṃ saṃtāne kuśalamūlāni yāni mayā pūrvaṃ paripācitāni Saddharmapuṇḍarīka 211.12, there are found in your personal- continuity-series roots of merit which were previously (in former existences) ripened by me (or merely mentality, as in the following ?); (2) = saṃtati (2), and compare sāṃtānika, with or (usually) without citta-, mental disposition, men- tality (Pali citta-saṃ°, seemingly not in this sense): sāsya bhajahe citta-°naṃ Mahāvastu iii.355.14 (verse), see § 31.20; same without citta, of which it is used as a virtual synonym, note especially kṣubhita-cittair luḍita-saṃtānais Gaṇḍavyūha 338.3—4; also, (tathāgatajñānaṃ…) parasattva-°neṣu vā pra- tiṣṭhāpayitum Gaṇḍavyūha 5.12; harṣa-utpadyana-saṃtānāni (so, [compound]) 48.5, their mental conditions productive of joy; mahā- karuṇā-snehābhiṣyandita-°no ([bahuvrīhi]) 189.9, compare mahāka- ruṇā-parisphuṭena °nena Śikṣāsamuccaya 28.7; dharmābhiṣyandita- prasanna-°nā ([bahuvrīhi]) Gaṇḍavyūha 333.3; similarly 469.21; svaśarī- rānadhyavasita-°naḥ Śikṣāsamuccaya 23.12 ([bahuvrīhi]; chain of thought, Bendall and Rouse for saṃtāna); sarvajña-saṃtāna- nivāsinī (mentality) hi kāruṇyadhenur Divyāvadāna 125.6; aneka- sattva-saṃtāna-kuśalamūlasamāropikāṃ dharmadeśanāṃ 130.14; mamāpi saṃtāne ye dharmāḥ praviśeyuḥ (what- ever religious principles may enter into my mentality, too) te niṣkampaṃ tiṣṭhantu Divyāvadāna 540.30; tasyāpi °ne 'ku- śalamūlāni pratisaṃhṛtāni Avadāna-śataka ii.87.10; kaṭhina-°nāś ca bhavanti Mahāvastu i.90.4—5, and they become of harsh mental dispositions; (3) nt., = Sanskrit saṃtānikā, scum, top part of milk or ghee: kṣīra-°naṃ vā sarpi-°naṃ vā Mahāvastu i.339.9; (4) m., name of a ‘medicinal tree’: °no nāma mahābhaiṣajya- vṛkṣas Gaṇḍavyūha 497.12; perhaps to be identified with Sanskrit id. as name of a heavenly tree, [Boehtlingk and Roth] s.v. 10.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Santāna (सन्तान).—m.

(-naḥ) 1. Family, race, lineage. 2. Offspring, progeny, a son or daughter. 3. One of the five trees of heaven. 4. Spreading, expansion. 5. Continuous line. E. sam before tan to spread, aff. ghañ .

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Saṃtāna (संतान).—i. e. sam-tan + a, m. (n., [Draupadīpramātha] 5, 88), 1. Spreading, [Uttara Rāmacarita, 2. ed. Calc., 1862.] 50, 10; [Hitopadeśa] i. [distich] 206, M.M. (extending their influence from one existence to another); extension, Śāk, [distich] 167. 2. Being spread, having grown, [Uttara Rāmacarita, 2. ed. Calc., 1862.] 97, 13 (-vāhin, old). 3. Family, race, lincage, [Draupadīpramātha] 5, 88. 4. Progeny, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 3, 15. 5. A son, a daughter, [Hitopadeśa] iv. [distich] 109. 6. One of the trees of heaven.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Saṃtāna (संतान).—[masculine] continuity, uninterrupted series; sinew or nerve (of an animal); ramification, connection; transition (in reciting etc.); propagation of one’s race or family, offspring, p. vant†.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Saṃtāna (संतान):—[=saṃ-tāna] [from saṃ-tan] m. (ifc. f(ā). ) continued succession, continuance, continuity, [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature] etc.

2) [v.s. ...] an uninterrupted series, continuous flow, [Kālidāsa]

3) [v.s. ...] ramification, [Suśruta]

4) [v.s. ...] a sinew or ligature (of an animal), [Taittirīya-saṃhitā]

5) [v.s. ...] coherence, connection, transition (in recitation etc.), [???; Taittirīya-upaniṣad]

6) [v.s. ...] a continuous train of thought, [Sarvadarśana-saṃgraha]

7) [v.s. ...] = saṃdhi, [Kāmandakīya-nītisāra]

8) [v.s. ...] one of the five trees of Indra’s heaven, the Kalpa tree or its flower, [Harivaṃśa]

9) [v.s. ...] Name of a son of Rudra, [Mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇa]

10) [v.s. ...] of a place, [Catalogue(s)]

11) [v.s. ...] ([plural]) Name of a [particular] class of worlds, [Rāmāyaṇa]

12) [v.s. ...] mn. continuous succession, lineage, race, family, offspring, son or daughter, [Nirukta, by Yāska; Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata] etc.

13) [v.s. ...] n. a [particular] mythical weapon, [Rāmāyaṇa]

14) Sāṃtāna (सांतान):—mfn. ([from] saṃ-tāna) derived or taken from the Kalpa tree (called Saṃtāna), [Harivaṃśa]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Santāna (सन्तान):—(naḥ) 1. m. Family, race, offspring; a heavenly tree; expansion.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Saṃtāna (संतान) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Saṃtāṇa.

[Sanskrit to German]

Samtana in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

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Hindi dictionary

[«previous next»] — Samtana in Hindi glossary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

Saṃtāna (संतान) [Also spelled santan]:—(nf) issue, progeny; —[nigraha/nirodha] see [saṃtati-nigraha/virodha].

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Prakrit-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary

1) Saṃtāṇa (संताण) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Saṃtāna.

2) Saṃtāṇa (संताण) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Saṃtrāṇa.

context information

Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.

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Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Saṃtāna (ಸಂತಾನ):—

1) [noun] continued succession or lineage; continuation of a series.

2) [noun] a spreading or being spread (widely).

3) [noun] a series of descendents of an ancestor; a lineage.

4) [noun] an offspring; a descendent; a son or daughter.

5) [noun] that which has come into life or existence.

6) [noun] something inherited or to be inherited; inheritance.

7) [noun] a multitude; a crowd.

8) [noun] a heap of things.

9) [noun] (myth.) a particular celestial tree.

10) [noun] the establishment of relation by giving a king’s daughter to another king or his son, as one of the expedient for having good relation between the two states.

11) [noun] one of the twenty eight Śaivaāgamas.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

Discover the meaning of samtana or santana in the context of Kannada from relevant books on Exotic India

See also (Relevant definitions)

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