Pluta: 19 definitions
Introduction:
Pluta means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Plut.
In Hinduism
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Source: Wisdom Library: Nāṭya-śāstra1) Pluta (प्लुत) refers to “prolated” syllables, as opposed to short (laghu) or long (guru), according to the Nāṭyaśāstra chapter 15.
2) Pluta (प्लुत) refers to one of the four kinds of ābiddha (breaking up), according to the Nāṭyaśāstra chapter 29. Ābiddha represents one of the four classes of dhātu (stroke), which relate to different aspects of strokes in playing stringed instruments (tata).
According to the Nāṭyaśāstra, “the ābiddha-dhātus (e.g., pluta) will consist respectively of two, three, four and nine strokes made gradually and slowly, and a combination of these”.
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Dharmashastra (religious law)
Source: Google Books: Manusmṛti with the ManubhāṣyaThe term pluta (‘ultra-long’) stands for the vowel that is drawn out to the length of three moras.
Dharmashastra (धर्मशास्त्र, dharmaśāstra) contains the instructions (shastra) regarding religious conduct of livelihood (dharma), ceremonies, jurisprudence (study of law) and more. It is categorized as smriti, an important and authoritative selection of books dealing with the Hindu lifestyle.
Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)
Source: Wikisource: A dictionary of Sanskrit grammarPluta (प्लुत).—Protracted, name given to vowels in the protracted grade. The vowels in this grade which are termed protracted vowels are possessed of three matras and in writing they are marked with the figure 3 placed after them. In pronunciation they take a longer time than the long or दीर्घ (dīrgha) vowels; cf. ऊकालोज्झ्रस्वदीर्घप्लुतः (ūkālojjhrasvadīrghaplutaḥ) P. I.2.27. The word is derived from प्लु (plu) (प्रु (pru) also) I Atmane to go, and explained as प्लवते इति (plavate iti), The word प्लवते (plavate) is often found for प्लुतो भवति (pluto bhavati) in the Pratisakhya works; cf also मात्रा ह्रस्वरतावदव-ग्रहान्तरं, द्वे दीर्धस्तिस्रः प्लुत उच्यते स्वरः । अधः स्विदासी३दुपरि स्विदासी३द् अर्थे प्लुतिर्भीरिव विन्दती३त्रिः (mātrā hrasvaratāvadava-grahāntaraṃ, dve dīrdhastisraḥ pluta ucyate svaraḥ | adhaḥ svidāsī3dupari svidāsī3d arthe plutirbhīriva vindatī3triḥ) ll R. Pr. I.16.
Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationPluta (प्लुत) is a prolated vowel, as in Om, often marked with the figure three (ओ३म्, o3m), as it contains three syllabic instant in pronouncing it.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by VarahamihiraPluta (प्लुत) refers to a “flood”, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 5), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “If the eclipse should commence on the left side of the disc, it is technically known as Savya-gata: the earth will then be flooded with water [i.e., jagat-jala-pluta] and there will be joy and freedom from fear. If it should commence on the right side of the disc, it: is technically known as Apasavyagata: mankind will suffer from their rulers and from robbers”.
Source: Google Books: Studies in the History of the Exact Sciences (Astronomy)Pluta (प्लुत) means “filled” (e.g., a vessel that is ‘filled’ with water), according to Kāśīnātha Upādhye’s Dharmasindhu, a commentary on the Rāma Daivajña’s Muhūrtacintāmaṇi (an astrological work).—Accordingly, “Now the setting up of the water clock [for measuring] the auspicious moment. The Sindhu declares that the water clock should be made of ten palas of copper, six aṅgulas high and twelve aṅgulas wide. ‘[A vessel made of] half of twelve palas’ weight, in which a hole has been made [i.e., kṛtacchidra] [with a needle of] four māṣas of gold and four aṅgulas [in length], till it is filled by (?) one prastha of water’ [i.e., prastha-jala-pluta]. [...]”.
Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Source: Google Books: ManthanabhairavatantramPluta (प्लुत) means “flooded” (i.e., with the nectar of the bliss of the deity’s will), according to the Ṣaṭsāhasrasaṃhitā, an expansion of the Kubjikāmatatantra: the earliest popular and most authoritative Tantra of the Kubjikā cult.—Accordingly, “In this way, the energy of Māyā is above (the sixteen Knots) flooded with the nectar of the bliss of (the deity’s) will [i.e., icchānandāmṛta-pluta]. The goddess who has sixteen limbs is the Skyfarer, (indeed she is) the goddess of the Skyfarers. She resides in (each of the syllabic) parts and in the middle of (each) part. She (both) resides in the breath (haṃsa) and transports the breath. The goddess is both with parts (sakalā) and without parts (niṣkalā). [...]”
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Source: SOAS University of London: Protective Rites in the Netra TantraPluta (प्लुत) refers to the “soaking” (of ingredients), according to the Netratantra of Kṣemarāja: a Śaiva text from the 9th century in which Śiva (Bhairava) teaches Pārvatī topics such as metaphysics, cosmology, and soteriology.—Accordingly, [verse 6.9-15ab]—“[...] He [who is ill] quickly escapes from death. My speech is true and not false. According to the rules for the great protection [rite, the Mantrin] should make an oblation in the name of [the afflicted] into a fire fueled with holy wood. [This fire burns] in a round pot [adorned] with three girdles. [The mantrin] uses sesame seeds soaked in ghee and milk (ghṛtakṣīra-pluta) [mixed] together with white sugar. [...]”.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Source: OSU Press: Cakrasamvara SamadhiPluta (प्लुत) refers to an “overflowing (stream)”, according to the Ṭīkā Pot Worship [i.e., Kalaśapūjā] ritual often performed in combination with the Cakrasaṃvara Samādhi, which refers to the primary pūjā and sādhanā practice of Newah Mahāyāna-Vajrayāna Buddhists in Nepal.—Accordingly, “Rising out across the circle, that kindles the wind, of a hundred shining suns, A burning triad, infatuating the three worlds, an overflowing stream of nectar (pīyūṣa-dhārā-plutā), Giving her own abundant bliss, having the pure essence of Buddha knowledge, Free from traversing existence and non-existence, beloved sow, drink to you”.
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: archive.org: TrisastisalakapurusacaritraPluta (प्लुत) (also Plaṅghana) refers to one of the five gaits of a horse which is “resembling the gait of a bird ox deer”.—The Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 4.312-315 enumerates the 5 gaits of a horse; dhorita, ‘like a mongoose, heron, peacock, or boar’; valgita, which seems to be ‘gallop’; pluta or plaṅghana, ‘resembling the gait of a bird ox deer’; uttejita or recita, ‘a gait with moderate speed’; utterita, or upakaṇṭha, or āskandita, ‘jumping with all the feet as if in anger,’ apparently ‘bucking’.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarypluta (प्लुत).—m S The third sound given to vowels,--the protracted or continuous sound, being three times the length of the short vowel, and occupying three moments in utterance.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryPluta (प्लुत).—p. p. [plu-kta]
1) Swimming, floating.
2) Inundated, submerged, overflowed.
3) Leaped, jumped.
4) Lengthened, protracted or prolated (as a vowel); अशूद्रविषये प्रत्यभिवादे यद्वाक्यं तस्य टेः प्लुतः स्यात् (aśūdraviṣaye pratyabhivāde yadvākyaṃ tasya ṭeḥ plutaḥ syāt) Sk.; यान्तोऽ- न्यतः प्लुतकृतस्वरमाशु दूरादुद्बाहुना जुहुविरे मुहुरात्मवर्ग्याः (yānto'- nyataḥ plutakṛtasvaramāśu dūrādudbāhunā juhuvire muhurātmavargyāḥ) Śiśupālavadha 5.15.
5) Covered with, filled with; मन्थायस्तार्णवाम्भःप्लुतकुहर (manthāyastārṇavāmbhaḥplutakuhara)... Ve.1.22.
6) Bathed in; (see plu).
-tam 1 A jump, leap, spring; पश्योदग्रप्लुतत्वाद्वियति बहुतरं स्तोकमुर्व्यां प्रयाति (paśyodagraplutatvādviyati bahutaraṃ stokamurvyāṃ prayāti) Ś.1.7.
4) Capering, one of the paces of a horse.
3) Bounding, vaulting.
4) A flood, deluge.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryPluta (प्लुत).—mfn.
(-taḥ-tā-taṃ) 1. Jumped, leaped, gone by leap or jump, &c. 2. Thrown or tossed up. m.
(-taḥ) 1. Bounding, capering, one of a horse’s paces. 2. Leaping, jumping, tumbling. mn.
(-taḥ-taṃ) The third sound given to vowels; the protracted or continuous sound, being three times the length of the short vowel, and occupying three moments in its utterance. E. plu to go by leaps, aff. kta .
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryPluta (प्लुत).—[adjective] floated, bathed, inundated, overflowed, covered or filled with ([instrumental] or —°); protracted ([grammar]); flown, jumped, [neuter] leap, jump.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Pluta (प्लुत):—[from plu] mfn. floated, floating or swimming in ([locative case]), bathed, overflowed, submerged, covered or filled with ([instrumental case] or [compound]), [Yājñavalkya; Mahābhārata; Rāmāyaṇa] etc.
2) [v.s. ...] protracted, prolated or lengthened (as a vowel) to 3 Mātrās (q.v.), [Prātiśākhya; Pāṇini 1-2, 27 [especially]; ???] etc. (also said of a kind of measure, [Catalogue(s)])
3) [v.s. ...] flown, [Rāmāyaṇa]
4) [v.s. ...] leaped, leaping, [Mahābhārata; Harivaṃśa]
5) [v.s. ...] n. a flood, deluge ([plural]), [Harivaṃśa]
6) [v.s. ...] leaping, moving by leaps, [Mahābhārata; Rāmāyaṇa; Vikramāṅkadeva-carita, by Bilhaṇa]
7) [v.s. ...] capering (one of a horse’s paces), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryPluta (प्लुत):—(taḥ) 1. m. Bounded; leaped. m. n. The long accent. p. Jumped, leaped; thrown up.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryPluta (प्लुत) [Also spelled plut]:—(a) drenched, soaked; protracted sound of a vowel (esp. while calling out somebody by name from afar).
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusPluta (ಪ್ಲುತ):—
1) [adjective] floating; swimming.
2) [adjective] jumping; leaping; hopping.
3) [adjective] (in comp.) submerged; covered or filled with; plunged in.
--- OR ---
Pluta (ಪ್ಲುತ):—
1) [noun] a particular gait of horses.
2) [noun] (pros.) a syllable that is three time the length of a short syllable.
3) [noun] (mus.) an interval of time that is equal to three short units.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Plutagati, Plutameru, Plutasamgraha, Plutatva, Plutavat.
Ends with (+38): Abhiparipluta, Abhipluta, Abhisampluta, Adipluta, Ajapluta, Amritapluta, Anapluta, Antapluta, Anupapluta, Apluta, Ashruparipluta, Ashvapluta, Avapluta, Avipluta, Bashpapluta, Bhayavipluta, Dharapluta, Garudapluta, Ghritapluta, Harinapluta.
Full-text (+70): Ghritapluta, Plutagati, Apluta, Abhipluta, Plutameru, Adipluta, Vakrapluta, Plavita, Upapluta, Paripluta, Udapluta, Plu, Plutatva, Anuharaka, Kala, Mandukaplutasadhana, Plutavat, Viplutayoni, Pluti, Viplutabhashin.
Relevant text
Search found 25 books and stories containing Pluta; (plurals include: Plutas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Amarakoshodghatana of Kshirasvamin (study) (by A. Yamuna Devi)
Fauna (5): Domesticated animals (d): Cow < [Chapter 5 - Aspects of Nature]
Fauna (5): Domesticated Animals (b): Horse (Aśva) < [Chapter 5 - Aspects of Nature]
Nitiprakasika (Critical Analysis) (by S. Anusha)
Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi (by Ganganatha Jha)
Verse 2.125 < [Section XXIII - Rules regarding Salutation]
Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary) (by Śrī Śrīmad Bhaktivedānta Nārāyana Gosvāmī Mahārāja)
Verse 1.3.19-20 < [Chapter 3 - Prapañcātīta (beyond the Material Plane)]
Verse 1.6.104-105 < [Chapter 6 - Priyatama (the most beloved devotees)]
Cidgaganacandrika (study) (by S. Mahalakshmi)
Verse 66 [Mūrti, Prakāśa and Ānanda Cakras] < [Chapter 2 - Second Vimarśa]
Verse 126 [Cidambaragatā Śakti’s four forms in Gross body] < [Chapter 3 - Third Vimarśa]
Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu (by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī)
Verse 2.3.22 < [Part 3 - Involuntary Ecstatic Expressions (sattvika-bhāva)]