Jana, Jāna, Jaṅa: 33 definitions
Introduction:
Jana means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Jaan.
Images (photo gallery)
In Hinduism
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
One of the Hands of The Seven Upper Worlds.—Jana: the Patāka hand twisted upwards is applicable.
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Jana (जन).—The fifth loka from where are born people; from root janana;1 two crores of yojanas from Maharloka.2
- 1) Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 19. 156; 21. 22; 35. 153 and 206; III. 1. 15-16; Matsya-purāṇa 61. 1; 184. 23; Vāyu-purāṇa 100. 127; 101. 17.
- 2) Vāyu-purāṇa 101. 140, 208.
Jana (जन) is a name mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. I.89.28) and represents one of the many proper names used for people and places. Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Jana) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Jana (जन) refers to “ointment” [?], according to the Svacchanda-tantra.—Accordingly, [verse 4.8-13, while describing auspicious dreams]—“[...] [It is auspicious when one dreams of] a pill, wood for cleaning the teeth, yellow pigment on a sword or sandal, sacred thread, ointment (jana), nectar, mercury, medicinal herbs, śakti, a water jar, lotus, rosary, red arsenic or blazing objects of siddhas, which have red chalk as their ends. [...]”
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Janā (जना) refers to one of the “thousand names of Kumārī”, as mentioned in the Kumārīsahasranāma, which is included in the 10th chapter of the first part (prathamabhāga) of the Rudrayāmala-Uttaratantra: an ancient Tantric work primarily dealing with the practice of Kuṇḍalinī-yoga, the worship of Kumārī and discussions regarding the Cakras. This edition is said to be derived of the Rudrayāmalatantra and consists of 6000 verses in 90 chapters (paṭalas) together with the Saralā-Hindīvyākhyopetam (i.e., the Rudrayamalam Uttaratantram with Sarala Hindi translation).—Janā is mentioned in śloka 1.10.58.—The chapter notes that one is granted the rewards obtained by reciting the text even without the performance of pūjā (worship), japa, snāna (bathing) and puraścaryā.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
General definition (in Hinduism)
Jana (जन), besides meaning ‘man’ as an individual, with a tendency to the collective sense, commonly denotes a ‘people’ or ‘tribe’ in the Ṛgveda and later.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Jana (जन) refers to “people”, according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā: the eighth chapter of the Mahāsaṃnipāta (a collection of Mahāyāna Buddhist Sūtras).—Accordingly, “[...] At that time, sixty koṭis of Bodhisattvas, having stood up from the congregation, joined their palms, paid homage to the Lord, and then uttered these verses in one voice: ‘[...] (229) They will deceive kings and a great number of people (mahā-jana) will be split, even then living beings will listen to the dharma by the presence of the Buddha. (230) At that evil time, for the benefit of living beings, giving up our bodies and lives, we will uphold the true dharma. [...]’”.
Jana (जन) refers to the “people”, according to the Vajratuṇḍasamayakalparāja, an ancient Buddhist ritual manual on agriculture from the 5th-century (or earlier), containing various instructions for the Sangha to provide agriculture-related services to laypeople including rain-making, weather control and crop protection.—Accordingly, [when the Bhagavān reached the vicinity of the residence of Vaiśravaṇa], “[...] All people (sarva-jana), women, men, boys and girls, cattle, horses, mares, buffaloes, elephants, camels, donkeys and so on became delighted by comfort. That lotus lake had an expansion of two yojanas and [a depth of] a fathom all around in the four directions. [...]”
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Jana (जन) is the name of an Abbot, according to chapter 6.4 [subhūma-cakravartin-caritra] of Hemacandra’s 11th century Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism.
Accordingly:—“Now, Ṛṣabhanātha had a son Kuru, after whom Kurudeśa was named. He had a son Hastin, after whom Hāstinapura was named, the native land of Tīrthakṛts and cakrins. Anantavīrya, belonging to this line, was king there, long-armed. Now, in the town Vasantapura in Bharatakṣetra there was a youth, Agnika, whose family had perished completely. One day he left that place for another country and, wandering about without a caravan, he came to a hermitage. The abbot, Jana, received Agni like a son and he received the name of Jamadagni among the people. Practicing severe penance, like a visible fire, because of his splendor hard to bear he became known throughout the world. [...]”.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
India history and geography
Jana, grandson of Guṇapāla, is the name of a person mentioned in a Jain inscription found at Shergarh. The first half of verse 2 says that a son named Devapāla was born to Śrīpāla while nine sons, viz. Pūnī, Martha, Jana, Ilhuka and others were born to Guṇapāla-ṭhakkura’s son whose name was probably Śānti. The second half of this stanza says how all these persons caused to be made the Ratna-traya (i.e. images of the three Tīrthaṅkaras, viz. Śāntinātha, Kunthunātha and Aranātha) at Kośavarddhana or at the base of the hill-fort of Kośavardhana (Kośavarddhana-tale).
The inscription (mentioning Jana) was found found on the pedestal below the central figure of a group of three images of Jain Tīrthaṅkaras in a small temple outside the fort at Shergarh (ancient Kośavardhana). The three Tīrthaṅkaras represented are Śānti (Śāntinātha), Kunthu or Kunthanātha and Ara (Aranātha).
Jana.—(IE 7-1-2), ‘one’. Note: jana is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Biology (plants and animals)
Jana [జాన] in the Telugu language is the name of a plant identified with Grewia orbiculata Rottler from the Tiliaceae (Phalsa) family having the following synonyms: Grewia rotundifolia. For the possible medicinal usage of jana, you can check this page for potential sources and references, although be aware that any some or none of the side-effects may not be mentioned here, wether they be harmful or beneficial to health.
1) Jana in India is the name of a plant defined with Grewia asiatica in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices.
2) Jana is also identified with Grewia subinaequalis It has the synonym Grewia subinaequalis Wall..
3) Jana is also identified with Grewia tenax It has the synonym Chadara erythraea Schweinf. (etc.).
4) Jana is also identified with Grewia tiliaefolia It has the synonym Grewia tiliifolia A. Rich. (etc.).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Journal of Tree Sciences (1982)
· Stud. Fl. Egypt (1956)
· Journal of Tree Sciences (1982)
· Flore Générale de l’Indo-Chine (1911)
· Numer. List
· Flora Aegyptiaco-Arabica (1775)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Jana, for example side effects, diet and recipes, health benefits, chemical composition, pregnancy safety, extract dosage, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
jana : (m.) a person; a man; the people.
Jāna, (adj.) (to jñā, see jānāti) knowing or knowable, understandable J. III, 24 (=jānamāna). dujjāna difficult to understand D. I, 170, 187; M. I, 487; II, 43. su° recognizable, intelligible Pv IV. 135 (=suviññeyya PvA. 230). Cp. ājāna. (Page 282)
— or —
Jana, (*genē: see janati. Cp. Gr. gQnos, gόnos; Lat. genus=Fr. gens, to which also similar in meaning) a creature, living being: (a) sg. an individual, a creature, person, man Sn. 121, 676, 807, 1023 (sabba everybody). Usually collectively: people, they, one (=Fr. on), with pl. of verb Dh. 249 (dadanti); often as mahājana the people, the crowd S. I, 115; J. I, 167, 294; PvA. 6; lokamahājana=loka DhA. III, 175; or as bahu(j)jana many people, the many A. I, 68; Dh. 320; DhA. III, 175. See also puthujjana.—(b) pl. men, persons, people, beings: nānā° various living beings Sn. 1102 (explained at Nd2 248 as khattiyā brāhmaṇā vessā suddā gahaṭṭhā pabbajitā devā manussā.) dve janā J. I, 151; II, 105; tayo j. J. I, 63; III, 52; keci janā some people PvA. 20. See also Sn. 243, 598, 1077, 1121.
1) jana (ဇန) [(pu) (ပု)]—
[jana+a．jana janane,a．kusalākusalaṃ janetīti jano．sūci．asamucchinnataṇhānusayattā avijjātaṇhābhisaṅkhatena kammunā bhavayonigatiṭhitisattāvāsesu khandhāpañcakasaṅkhātaṃ attabhāvaṃ janeti abhinibbattetīti jano．kilese janetiç ajaniç janissatīti vā jano．sārattha,1．54．sī,ṭī,,1．67．thīnitea janī]
[ဇန+အ။ ဇန ဇနနေ၊ အ။ ကုသလာကုသလံ ဇနေတီတိ ဇနော။ သူစိ။ အသမုစ္ဆိန္နတဏှာနုသယတ္တာ အဝိဇ္ဇာတဏှာဘိသင်္ခတေန ကမ္မုနာ ဘဝယောနိဂတိဌိတိသတ္တာဝါသေသု ခန္ဓာပဉ္စကသင်္ခါတံ အတ္တဘာဝံ ဇနေတိ အဘိနိဗ္ဗတ္တေတီတိ ဇနော။ ကိလေသေ ဇနေတိ,အဇနိ,ဇနိဿတီတိ ဝါ ဇနော။ သာရတ္ထ၊၁။၅၄။ သီ၊ဋီ၊သစ်၊၁။၆၇။ ထီ၌ ဇနီ]
2) jāna (ဇာန) [(ti) (တိ)]—
[ñā+nā+a．vi,pi,-．ñā+nā+māna．nākhye,]māna] ]āna]pru．rū．646-．ta-nākhye,]māna]eiea ]ma]khye．,5．162-．]
[ဉာ+နာ+အ။ ဝိ၊ပိ၊ဓာန်-ကြည့်။ ဉာ+နာ+မာန။ နာကိုချေ၊ 'မာန'ကို 'အာန'ပြု။ ရူ။၆၄၆-ကြည့်။ တနည်း-နာကိုချေ၊ 'မာန'၏ 'မ'ကိုချေ။ မောဂ်၊၅။၁၆၂-ကြည့်။]
3) jāna (ဇာန) [(kri) (ကြိ)]—
[ñā+nā+hi]
[ဉာ+နာ+ဟိ]
[Pali to Burmese]
1) jana—
(Burmese text): (၁) ပုဂ္ဂိုလ်၊ သတ္တဝါ။ (က) လူ။ (ခ) ရဟန်းလောင်း။ (ဂ) ရဟန်း၊ (ဃ) ပုထုဇန်ပုဂ္ဂိုလ်။ (င) အရိယာပုဂ္ဂိုလ်။ (စ) ဘုရား၊ ရဟန္တာ။ (ဆ) တပည့်၊ သာဝက။ (ဇ) ဆရာ။ (ဈ) စကြဝတေးမင်း၊ စကြာမင်း။ (ည) နတ်။ (ဋ) ဗြဟ္မာ။ (ဌ) ယမမင်း၊ ဝေမာနိကပြိတ္တာမင်း။ (ဍ) ငရဲသူ၊ ငရဲသား။ (ဎ) ခါ။ (ဏ) ခို။ (တ) နဂါး။ (၂) သတ္တဝါတို့၏-ဖြစ်ရာ-လားရောက်ရာ-ဖြစ်သော ဂတိ။ (၃) (ပုညာဘိသင်္ခါရစသော) အဘိသင်္ခါရတရား။ (၄) (ကာမောဃစသော) ဩဇတရား။ (၅) ရာဂစသော ကိလေသာတရား။ (၆) နီဝရဏတရား။ (တိ) (၇) မပယ်သတ်အပ်သော (သက္ကာယဒိဋ္ဌိစသည်)။ (၈) တပ်မက်-နှစ်သက်-မက်မော-ငြိတွယ်-ငြိကပ်-သော၊ သူ။ (၉) ပိတ်ဆို့-တားမြစ်-မြှေးရှက်-ရစ်ပတ်-အပ်သော။ (၁ဝ) အတွင်းဝင်-အကျုံးဝင်-ပါဝင်-သော။ ဇနိန္ဒ-လည်းကြည့်။ ပုထုဇ္ဇန-လည်းကြည့်။
(Auto-Translation): (1) Individuals, beings. (a) Human. (b) Monk. (c) Hermit. (d) Samanera. (e) Deity. (f) Brahma. (g) Celestial beings. (h) Teacher. (i) King of the universe, ruler of the world. (j) Spirit. (k) Brahma. (l) Yama, the King of Hell. (m) Devil, Hell-dweller. (n) Realm. (o) Paragon. (p) Dragon. (2) The condition of beings - the state - the result - of which are causes. (3) The principles that lead to (spiritual) liberation. (4) The parameters that lead to (karma). (5) The lustful and greedy elements. (6) The principles of Nirvana. (7) That which should not be abandoned (as stated in certain teachings). (8) Being satisfied - desiring - enjoying - satisfied - abiding - within; one who is so. (9) To obstruct - to restrain - to limit - to encircle - to bind. (10) To enter, to join, to be included. Look at the essential matters - also consider the details.
2) jāna—
(Burmese text): သိလော့။ ဇာနာတိ-ကြည့်။
(Auto-Translation): Know this. Look at the scenery.
3) jāna—
(Burmese text): (၁) သိတတ်သော၊ သူ။ (၂) သိအပ်-သိသင့်-သိထိုက်-သော (တရား)။
(Auto-Translation): (1) Knowable, he. (2) Necessary knowledge - appropriate knowledge - rightful knowledge.
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
jaṇa (जण).—m f n (jana S The plural is jaṇa, jaṇī, jaṇēṃ m f n) A person, a body, an individual. The word requires a numeral prefix; and, to express two, three, or four, dōghē, tighē, caughē are employed, instead of dōna, tīna, cāra. 2 jaṇa is frequently ap- plied to an individual amongst living creatures gen. For phrases see jana. jaṇa harācēṃ jaṇa cōrācēṃ Of the people some side with the robbed, some with the robber. jaṇācē hātīṃ dōna dhōṇḍē No course of conduct can ensure the pleasing of the people. jaṇānta miḷūna rāhaṇēṃ or asaṇēṃ To lead a public or a social life.
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jana (जन).—m (S) Man individually or collectively; a man or mankind. 2 A collective body gen.: as manuṣyajana The human race; śvajana The canine race. 3 m n The people, the folk, the world. Pr. āpaṇa bhalā tara jana bhalā. Pr. janācē tōṇḍīṃ lāgatāṃ puravata nāhīṃ. Pr. janānta ēka manānta ēka Used of a dissembler. Pr. janīṃ janārdana Vox populi vox Dei. Pr. aikāvēṃ janācēṃ karāvēṃ manācēṃ Listen to popular opinion, but follow your own mind; inquire and consult, but act upon your own judgment. jana vividha The people or folk are of three classes or grades--high, middling, and low: also of three (i. e. of many) sorts, forms, characters, minds, moods.
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jāṇa (जाण).—a (jāṇaṇēṃ) Knowing, understanding, versed in. 2 Knowing, sensible, intelligent about; that weighs, considers, regards, attends to. Ex. mukyā- cā jāṇa kōṇa hōtō? daridryāñcā jāṇa vikramarājā; jāṇa manuṣyāvara upakāra kēlā asatāṃ tō visarata nāhīṃ.
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jāṇa (जाण).—f (jāṇaṇēṃ) Acknowledgment of favors and kindnesses: also appreciation of services or labors. v jāṇa. Ex. āmhī śrama kēlā paṇa tyācī tyānēṃ jāṇa jāṇalī.
jaṇa (जण).—m f n A person, an individual. (Prefixed by a numeral.)
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jana (जन).—m A man or mankind. m n The people. A collective body gen.: as manuṣyajana, śrvajana. janānta ēka manānta ēka. Used of a dissembler. janī janārdana Vox po- puli vox dei. jana trividha The people or folk are of three classes or grades- high, middling, and low: also of three (i. e. of many) sorts, forms, characters, minds, moods.
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jāṇa (जाण).—a Knowing. f Appreciation of services, &c.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Jana (जन).—[jan-ac]
1) A creature, living being, man.
2) An individual or person (whether male or female); क्व वयं क्व परोक्षमन्मथो मृगशावैः सममेधितो जनः (kva vayaṃ kva parokṣamanmatho mṛgaśāvaiḥ samamedhito janaḥ) Ś.2.18; तत्तस्य किमपि द्रव्यं यो हि यस्य प्रियो जनः (tattasya kimapi dravyaṃ yo hi yasya priyo janaḥ) Uttararāmacarita 2.19; so सखीजनः (sakhījanaḥ) a female friend; दासजनः (dāsajanaḥ) a slave, अबलाजनः (abalājanaḥ) &c. (In this sense janaḥ or ayaṃ janaḥ is often used by the speakerwhether male or female, in the sing. or pl. --instead of the first personal pronoun to speak of himself in the third person); अयं जनः प्रष्टुमनास्तपोधने (ayaṃ janaḥ praṣṭumanāstapodhane) Kumārasambhava 5.4 (male); भगवन् परवानयं जनः प्रतिकूलाचरितं क्षमख मे (bhagavan paravānayaṃ janaḥ pratikūlācaritaṃ kṣamakha me) R.8.81 (female); पश्यानङ्गशरातुरं जनमिमं त्रातापि नो रक्षसि (paśyānaṅgaśarāturaṃ janamimaṃ trātāpi no rakṣasi) Nag.1.1. (female and pl.).
3) Men collectively, the people, the world (in sing. or pl.); एवं जनो गृह्णाति (evaṃ jano gṛhṇāti) M.1; सतीमपि ज्ञातिकुलैक- संश्रयां जनोऽन्यथा भर्तृमतीं विशङ्कते (satīmapi jñātikulaika- saṃśrayāṃ jano'nyathā bhartṛmatīṃ viśaṅkate) Ś.5.17.
4) Race, nation, tribe.
5) The world beyond Maharloka, the heaven of deified mortals.
6) A low man, the mob; L. D. B.
-nā Birth, production.
Derivable forms: janaḥ (जनः).
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Jāna (जान).—Ved. Birth, production, origin; स्थिरं हि जानमेषां वयो मातुर्निरेतवे (sthiraṃ hi jānameṣāṃ vayo māturniretave) Ṛgveda 1.37.9.
Derivable forms: jānam (जानम्).
Jāna (जान).—adj. or subst. m. (occurs, tho rarely, in Pali, e.g. Jātaka (Pali) iii.24.2; orig. probably = jānant-, pres. pple., compare §§ 18.52 ff.; see next), knowing, wise (person): drakṣyanti jānu (all mss.; acc. sg.) imu saptapadāṃ kramantaṃ Lalitavistara 48.1 (verse); puruṣadhīreṇa puruṣajānena (nearly all mss.) Lalitavistara 350.11 (prose), by a wise one among men.
Jana (जन).—m.
(-naḥ) 1. Man, individually or collectively, a man, mankind. 2. The universe. 3. A division of the universe or Loka, the residence of deified mortals: see janaloka. 3. A low man, a wretch. f. (-nī) A mother, &c. see jani. f.
(-nā) Birth, production. E. jan to be born, affix ac.
Jana (जन).—[jan-a], m. 1. Creature, Mahābhārata 3, 1204. 2. Man collectively, men, [Rāmāyaṇa] 1, 6, 7; [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 4, 108; with āyudhīya, Armed men, 7, 222; crowd, [Rāmāyaṇa] 6, 101, 33. 3. Man, individually, a person, [Draupadīpramātha] 3, 5; [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 11, 241. 4. This person, [Nala] 10, 10. 5. With the msc. of the pronoun idam, I, [Śākuntala, (ed. Böhtlingk.)] 85, 16. 6. The name of a division of the world, the residence of deified mortals, [Bhāgavata-Purāṇa, (ed. Burnouf.)] 3, 11, 31. 7. It is often used as latter part of comp. words, especially in signification 2 and 3; e. g. preṣya-, m. The whole set of menial servants, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 7, 125; śiśu-, m. sing. pl. Children, [Pañcatantra] 95, 17; dāsa-, m. A slave, [Vikramorvaśī, (ed. Bollensen.)] [distich] 54.
Jana (जन).—1. [masculine] creature, man, person, tribe, race, nation; [plural] & sgl. coll. people, folks. Often —° [with] collect. or indiv. mg, e.[grammar] preṣyajana a servant or the servants. —ayaṃ janaḥ & eṣa janaḥ this person ( = I or he, she). [feminine] janā birth, production.
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Jana (जन).—2. [masculine] [Name] of a man.
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Jāna (जान).—[neuter] birth, origin.
1) Jana (जन):—[from jan] mf(ī)n. ‘generating’ See puraṃ-
2) [v.s. ...] m. ([gana] vṛṣādi) creature, living being, man, person, race (pañca janās, ‘the five races’ = p kṛṣṭayas, [Ṛg-veda iii, viii ff.; Mahābhārata iii, 14160]), people, subjects (the sg. used collectively e.g. daivya or divyā j, ‘divine race’, the gods collectively, [Ṛg-veda]; mahat j, many people, [Rāmāyaṇa vi, 101, 2]; often ifc. denoting one person or a number of persons collectively, e.g. preṣya-, bandhu-, sakhīetc., qq.vv. ; with names of peoples, [Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā iv, 22 and v, 74]; ayaṃ janaḥ, ‘this person, these persons’, I, we, [Mahābhārata viii, 709; Harivaṃśa 7110; Rāmāyaṇa ii, 41, 2; Śakuntalā] etc.; eṣa j, idem, [Kāvyādarśa ii, 75]), [Ṛg-veda] etc.
3) [v.s. ...] the person nearest to the speaker (also with ayam or asau, ‘this my lover’ [Kāvyādarśa ii, 271; Ratnāvalī i, 24/25]), [Nalopākhyāna x, 10; Śakuntalā; Mālavikāgnimitra]
4) [v.s. ...] a common person, one of the people, [Kirātārjunīya ii, 42 and 47]
5) [v.s. ...] the world beyond the Mahar-loka, [Bhāgavata-purāṇa iii, 11, 29; Skanda-purāṇa]
6) [v.s. ...] (na) m. ([gana] aśvādi) Name of a man (with the [patronymic] Śārkarākṣya), [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa x; Chāndogya-upaniṣad]
7) Janā (जना):—[from jana > jan] f. ‘birth’, a-jana, ‘the unborn’, Nārāyaṇa, [Bhāgavata-purāṇa x, 3, 1.]
8) Jāna (जान):—[from jātṛ] 1. jāna n. birth, origin, birth place, [Ṛg-veda i, 37, 9 and 95, 3; v, x; Atharva-veda vii, 76, 5; Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa iii, 2, 1, 40.]
9) [v.s. ...] 2. jāna m. ([from] jana) [patronymic] of Vṛśa (= vaijāna, ‘son of Vijānā’ [Scholiast or Commentator]), [Tāṇḍya-brāhmaṇa xiii, 3; Ārṣeya-brāhmaṇa]
1) Jana (जन):—(ya, ī) jāyata 4. a. To be born or produced. (li, ra) jajanti 3. a. Idem. (ka) janayati 10. a. To beget.
2) (naḥ) 1. m. A man, a person. f. (nī) A mother. (nā) Birth.
Jana (जन):—
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Jana (जन):—2. m. Nomen proprium eines Mannes gaṇa aśvādi zu [Pāṇini’s acht Bücher 4, 1, 110.] mit dem patron. Śārkarākṣya [The Śatapathabrāhmaṇa 10, 6, 1, 1.] [Chāndogyopaniṣad 5, 11, 1.]
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Jāna (जान):—
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Jāna (जान):—2. (von jana) m. patron. des Vṛca [Pañcaviṃśabrāhmaṇa 13, 3.]
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Jana (जन):—1.
1) a) γ) jana iva jane gacchati puraḥ indem der mir zunächst Stehende vor meinen Augen aufbricht, als wäre er ein mir Fremder, [Spr. 817.] — δ) [Mahābhārata 8, 709.] [Harivaṃśa 7110.] [Spr. 2311.] — ζ) asau janaḥ so v. a. der Geliebte [Spr. 4043.] —
2) ajana = nārāyaṇa [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 10, 3, 1.] —
3) adj. erzeugend in puraṃjana .
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Jāna (जान):—2. , nach dem Comm. vaijāna d. i. vijānāyāḥ putraḥ .
Jana (जन):—1. —
1) Adj. (f. ī) erzeugend in puraṃ. —
2) m. (adj. Comp. f. ā) — a) Geschöpf , Mensch , Person ; Geschlecht , Stamm ; das Volk , die Unterthanen. Sg. auch mit collectiver Bed. Sg. mit mahant und sumahant viele — , sehr viele Leute. Häufig in Comp. mit einer anderen Personenbezeichung ( preṣya Dienerschaft , sakhī Freundin , Freundinnen) , auch mit Völkernamen. ayaṃ janaḥ so v.a. Unsereins , wir , ich (im Prākrit [297,13.] so v.a. mein Geliebter hier ). eṣa janaḥ dass. [251,30.] asau janaḥ so v.a. mein Geliebter hier. Bisweilen , ohne nähere Bezeichnung durch ein Pronomen , — α) so v.a. die im Augenblick Jmd zunächst stehende Person , diese Person hier , dieser — , diese hier (auch in Collectiver Bed.). — β) Einer aus dem grossen Haufen , ein gewöhnlicher — , ein gemeiner Mensch. — b) die jenseits des Maharloka gelegene Welt. —
3) f. janā Geburt , Entstehung.
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Jana (जन):—2. m. Nomen proprium eines Mannes.
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Jāna (जान):—1. n. Entstehung , Ursprung ; Geburtsstätte.
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Jāna (जान):—2. m. Patron. des Hymnendichters Vṛca [Ārṣeyabrāhmaṇa] Vgl. vaijāna.
Jana (जन) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Jaṇa.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
1) Jana (जन) [Also spelled jan]:—(nm) people; public; folk; -[āṃdolana] popular movement; ~[gaṇanā] census; -[jana] each and every person; -[jāgaraṇa] renaissance, popular awakening; ~[jīvana] public life; public living; ~[taṃtra] democracy; ~[taṃtravāda] democracy; ~[taṃtrīya] democratic(al); ~[tāṃtrika] democratic(al); -[dhana] men and money; ~[pada] rural region; ~[padīya] regional; -[pravāda] popular/public rumour; ~[priya] popular; ~[mata] public opinion; •[saṃgraha] referendum; plebiscite; -[mana/mānasa] popular mind, people’s mind; ~[raṃjana] popular, pleasing to the people, of popular gratification; ~[vāsā] a temporary dwelling for a marriage party; ~[śakti] manpower; ~[śruti] tradition; rumour; ~[saṃkhyā] population; ~[samāja] community at large; ~[samudāya] crowd; community; ~[samūha] crowd; ~[sādhāraṇa] the common man; community at large; the masses; -[sevaka] public man; public servant; ~[sevā] public service; ~[hita] public welfare/interest; ~[hīna] desolate; uninhabited: secluded, lonely.
2) Jana (जन) [Also spelled jan]:—(nf) a woman; a suffix meaning one or that which inflicts or strikes (as [rāhajana] — one who strikes on the way i.e. one who waylays).
3) Janā (जना):—(a) produced; procreated: (nm) person, individual (as [kitane jane āyeṃge] ?).
4) Jāna (जान) [Also spelled jaan]:—(nf) life, animation; stamina, vitality; energy; essence; spirit; sweetheart; darling; -[e-mana] darling!, sweetheart!; -[jokhima] risk of life; ~[dāra] having vitality; lively, animate; -[bīmā] lifeinsurance; ~[levā] deadly; mortal; -[va-māla] life and property/belongings; —[ānā] to be revived; to have a lease of life; —[āphata meṃ honā] to be at a dead lift; —[āṃkhoṃ meṃ ā jānā] to be on the verge of death;—[oṭhoṃ para ānā] to have life hanging by a feeble thread; to be in a mortal agony; —[kā gāhaka/grāhaka] bent on causing one’s end; —[kā nukasāna] loss of life; —[kī amāna] guarantee of life; —[kī khaira] surety of life; —[kī khaira manānā] to endeavour or pray for the safety of life; —[kī paḍanā] to be worried about the security of one’s life; —[kī bājī lagānā] ([|]) would give my ears, to stake one’s life, to be ready to make any sacrifice; —[ke lāle paḍanā] to be under the shadow of death, to be in an irretrievably risky position; —[khapānā] to put in arduous work, to labour hard; —[khānā] to pester constantly; —[curānā] see [jī curānā; —chiḍakanā] to be deeply in love (with), to be ready to stake life for; —[chuḍānā] to get rid of, to skulk from; —[chūṭanā] to get rid of; —[denā] to sacrifice; to be in passionate love (with); —[nikalanā] to become lifeless, to be in great agony; —[para ānā; —para ā bananā] to be exposed to imminent danger, to be exposed to imminent risk of life; —[para khelanā] to stake one’s life, to put one’s life in peril; —[para naubata ānā] see —[para ā bananā; —bacānā] to save the life of; to shirk/skulk/funk; to save one’s carcass; —[bacī lākhoṃ pāe] security of life represents the greatest achievement; Dutch comfort; —[bhārī honā] to be weary of life, to feel life to be a burden; —[muṭṭhī meṃ honā] to have a person cold, to have him at one’s mercy; —[meṃ jāna ānā] to feel relieved, to feel comforted; —[laḍānā] to exert to the utmost, to strain every nerve; —[lenā] to kill, to inflict grave suffering; to put to arduous labour; —[sukhanā] to be scared out of wits; to be stunned; —[se jānā] to pass away; to lose life; —[se bejāra honā] to be fed up of life; —[se māranā] to kill; —[se māra ḍālanā] to kill, to deprive of life; —[se hātha dho baiṭhanā] to lose one’s life, to have to abandon one’s life; —[hathelī para lie phiranā] to be ever ready to stake one’s life; —[hai to jahāna hai] no life, no pleasure; the world lives as long as you live.
5) Jānā (जाना):—(v) to go, to depart; to lose (as [merā kyā jātā hai] ?); to flow (as [khūna jā rahā hai]); [jāte rahanā] to pass away; to continue to go; [jā dhamakanā] to appear on the scene all of a sudden; [jā nikalanā] to arrive by chance; [jāne denā] to let go; to pardon; [jā lenā] to catch up, to overtake.
...
Prakrit-English dictionary
1) Jaṇa (जण) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Jana.
2) Jaṇa (जण) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Jana.
3) Jāṇa (जाण) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Yāna.
4) Jāṇa (जाण) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Jñā.
5) Jāṇa (जाण) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Yāna.
6) Jāṇa (जाण) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Jñāna.
7) Jaṇa (जण) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Jugups.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Jaṇa (ಜಣ):—[noun] collectively all the persons of a society, a particular group, nation etc. in gen.; people.
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Jana (ಜನ):—
1) [noun] an individual; a person.
2) [noun] collectively, common people; the masses.
3) [noun] all the persons of a racial, national, religious or linguistic group; nation, race, etc.
4) [noun] (myth.) one of the seven worlds, that are believed to be above the earth.
5) [noun] ಜನ ವಾಕ್ಯವೇ ಜನಾರ್ಧನನ ವಾಕ್ಯ [jana vakyave janardhanana vakya] jana vākyavē janārdhanana vākya the general opinion of common people is the opinbion of the god itself.
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Jāṇa (ಜಾಣ):—
1) [noun] a clever, intelligent, skilful man.
2) [noun] ಜಾಣಮರಿ [janamari] jāṇa mari (a term used to cajole, coax children) an intelligent child; ಜಾಣನಿಗೆ ಮಾತಿನ ಪೆಟ್ಟು, ಕತ್ತೆಗೆ ಲತ್ತೆ ಪೆಟ್ಟು [jananige matina pettu, kattege latte pettu] jāṇanige ma1tina peṭṭu, kattege latte peṭṭu (prov.) few words sufficeth to a wise man; a nod for a wiseman and a rod for a fool; ಜಾಣ ಬೆಲ್ಲ ತಿಂದು ಹೆಡ್ಡನ ಬಾಯಿಗೆ ಒರೆಸಿದಂತೆ [jana bella timdu heddana bayige oresidamte] jāṇa bella tindu heḍḍana bāyige oresidante (a proverbial simile) for the fault of intelligent men, fools get the punishment.
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Jāṇa (ಜಾಣ):—[noun] the plant Grewia subinaequalis of Tiliaceae family.
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Jāna (ಜಾನ):—
1) [noun] the act or process of thinking seriously and deeply (about something); cogitation; ponder.
2) [noun] the act or process of meditating deeply on god or some religious or metaphysical subject; meditation.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
1) Jaṅa (जङ):—n. aggression; rage; a fit of temper;
2) Jana (जन):—n. 1. a human being; person; 2. family; 3. people; folk; community; 4. a wage-laborer;
3) Janā (जना):—pp. the word coming after numerals to indicate units of persons;
4) Janā (जना):—n. people;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches (+0): Hi, Jana, A, Na.
Starts with (+23): Jana Sutta, Jana-andolana, Jana-calnu, Jana-cankiyaikanakku, Janabala, Janabalake, Janabalika, Janabandhava, Janabhaksha, Janabharita, Janabhibhu, Janabhikinna, Janabhrit, Janabyakula, Janacakshus, Janacandra, Janacara, Janadhara, Janadhibhu, Janadhinatha.
Full-text (+1923): Anna, Vijana, Janna, Netti, Ajana, Mahajana, Janapada, Jati, Jantu, Jambu, Khanjana, Janaka, Kaja, Jada, Bija, Tanaya, Andaja, Karaja, Janogha, Janana.
Relevant text
Search found 286 books and stories containing Jana, Jāna, Jaṇa, Jāṇa, Janā, Jānā, Jaṅa, Jana-a, Janaa, Na-na-a, Ñā-nā-a, Na-na-hi, Ñā-nā-hi; (plurals include: Janas, Jānas, Jaṇas, Jāṇas, Janās, Jānās, Jaṅas, as, Janaas, his). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Brahma Sutras (Govinda Bhashya) (by Kusakratha das Brahmacari)
Adhikarana 3: Panca-panca-janah in Brihad-aranyaka Upanishad 4.4.17 Does Not Refer to the 25 Elements of Sankhya < [Adhyaya 1, Pada 4]
Sūtra 1.4.11 < [Adhyaya 1, Pada 4]
Sūtra 1.4.12 < [Adhyaya 1, Pada 4]
Puranic encyclopaedia (by Vettam Mani)
108 Tirupathi Anthathi (English translation) (by Sri Varadachari Sadagopan)
Verse 99: Thiru Naimisaranyam (Divya Desam)
Verse 7: Thirupullabhoothangudi (or, Thiru-Pullabhoothangudi Divya Desam)
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 2.19.15 < [Chapter 19 - The Rāsa-dance Pastime]
Verse 5.6.20 < [Chapter 6 - Seeing Śrī Mathurā]
Verses 5.7.36-37 < [Chapter 7 - The Killing of Kuvalayāpīḍa]
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Preksha meditation: History and Methods (by Samani Pratibha Pragya)
Appendix 1 - Mūlapāṭha of Jayācārya’s Texts, etc.
3.1.3. The Practice of Meditation on Liberated Souls (Siddhas) < [Chapter 3 - The History of Meditation in Terāpanth]