Yana, Yāna: 18 definitions

Introduction

Introduction
In Hinduism
1. Dharmashastra
2. Purana
In Buddhism
1. Mahayana
2. General definition
Languages
1. Pali
2. Marathi
3. Sanskrit
See also

Introduction:

Yana means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

In Hinduism

Dharmashastra (religious law)

Source: Wisdom Library: Dharma-śāstra

Yāna (यान) refers to “marching” (towards a king). Yāna is considered to be one of the six constituents of state-craft that the King shall constantly ponder over. The word is used throughout Dharmaśāstra literature such as the Manusmṛti. (See the Nītiprakāśikā 8.82 and the Manubhāṣya 7.160)

Yāna (यान) refers to the “chariot” and the rest. (See the Manubhāṣya, verse 8.290)

Source: Google Books: Manusmṛti with the Manubhāṣya

Yāna is marching for the furtherance of one’s own interests and the destruction of the enemy’s. (See the Manubhāṣya verse 7.160 et. seq.)

Marching is of two kinds—

singly,
and conjointly with an ally.

context information

Dharmashastra (धर्मशास्त्र, dharmaśāstra) contains the instructions (shastra) regarding religious conduct of livelihood (dharma), ceremonies, jurisprudence (study of law) and more. It is categorized as smriti, an important and authoritative selection of books dealing with the Hindu lifestyle.

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: archive.org: Puranic Encyclopedia

Yāna (यान).—One of the royal qualities like Sandhi, Vigraha etc. (For more details see under Ṣaḍguṇas).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index

Yāna (यान).—A Sādhya god.^*

* Vāyu-purāṇa 66. 15.

Source: Shodhganga: The saurapurana - a critical study

Yāna (यान) refers to one of the various kinds of articles used for donation, according to the 10th century Saurapurāṇa: one of the various Upapurāṇas depicting Śaivism.—Accordingly, the tenth chapter contains the praise and classification of donations. It narrates the characteristics of proper recipients and the results of giving different kinds of articles like Bhūmi, Vidyā, Anna, Jala, Tila, Vāsa, Dīpa, Yāna, Śayyā, Dhānya, Aśva, Śāka, Indhana, Chatra, Auṣadha, Go, etc.

context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

In Buddhism

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

Yāna (यान) refers to “vehicles” and is mentioned among the “material benefits” granted by the Bodhisattva, according to the Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra chapter XLVI.—Accordingly, “vehicles (yāna), i.e., elephants (hastin), horses (aśva), chariots (ratha), carriages (śakaṭa), etc.”

context information

Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.

General definition (in Buddhism)

Source: archive.org: The Indian Buddhist Iconography (b)

Yāna (यान) refers to the different paths or divisions of Buddhism.—Lord Buddha prescribed Yānas in the beginning, namely, the Śrāvakayāna and the Pratyekabuddhayāna. [...] Buddhism continued in this state till the rise of the Mahāyāna properly called, the Bodhisattvayāna. [...] Thus there were three Yānas in Buddhism about 300 A.D. which may approximately be taken as the time of Asaṅga. But against these three Yānas there were four schools of philosophy in Buddhism, namely, the Sarvāstivāda (Sautrāntika), the Vāhyārthabhaṅga (Vaibhāṣika), the Vijñānavāda (Yogācāra), and the Śūnyavāda (Madhyamaka). How these four systems of philosophy were distributed amongst the three Yānas is one of the vital questions of Buddhism.

Source: Buddhist Door: Glossarya Sanskrit word means vehicle. A term applied to Buddhism as a means by which a practitioner cultivates on the path to enlightenment. The different vehicles correspond to views of spiritual path, that differ as to the basic attitude of the practitioner and the means of making progress on the way. There are categories of one, two, three and five vehicles.

Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

yāna : (nt.) a carriage; vehicle; going.

Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Yāna, (nt.) (fr. yā, as in yāti. Cp. Vedic yāna and Lat. Janus) 1. going, proceeding J. VI, 415 (+ayāna, opposed to ṭhāna).—2. means of motion, carriage, vehicle. Different kinds of carriages are enumerated at Nd¹ 145 (on Sn. 816) with hatthi° (elephant-), go° (cow-), aja° (goat-), meṇḍaka° (ram-), oṭṭha° (camel-?), khara° (donkey-). Cp. Miln. 276.—yāna is one of the requisites (carriage or other means of locomotion) of the bhikkhu & as such included in the deyya-dhamma or 14 gifts (see yañña & deyya-dh.). Thus mentioned with anna pāna vattha etc. at S. I, 94; A. II, 85; Pug. 51.—Cp. the definition & application of the term yāna as given below under yāna-sannidhi.—See e.g. the foll. passages: Vin. I, 191 (bhikkhū yānena yāyanti ... na bhikkhave yānena yāyitabbaṃ; yo yāyeyya etc. : here a “carriage” is expressly forbidden to the bhikkhu!), 231 (Ambapālī bhadrāni-bhadrāni yānāni yojāpetvā bhadraṃ yānaṃ abhirūhitvā ... ), 242 (same phrase with Meṇḍaka gahapati); D. I, 7, 89, 106; M. I, 366 (yānaṃ poroseyyaṃ pavara-maṇi-kuṇḍalaṃ, where vv. ll. on p. 561 read voropeyya and oropeyya, which Neumann (unwarrantedly) adopts in his translation: Mittl. Sammlung² 1921, II. 666; the C. accepts reading poroseyya with explanation “puris-anucchavikaṃ yānaṃ”); Dh. 323 (=hatthiyānādīni DhA. IV, 6); J. III, 525 sq.; V, 59; VI, 223 (=ratha); Kvu 599 (Erāvaṇo hatthināgo sahassa-yuttaṃ dibbaṃ yānaṃ; translated as “the wondrous elephant E. the thousand-wise yoked celestial mount. ” trsl. p. 347 (lit. vehicle) Pv III, 2²⁸ (=ratha or vayha etc. PvA. 186); PvA. 113.—iddhi-yāna carriage of magic power Miln. 276; deva° godly carriage Miln. 276; applied to the 8 fold Aryan Path at Sn. 139 (=devalokaṃ yāpetuṃ samatthatā ... aṭṭha-samāpatti-yānaṃ SnA 184). Similarly of the Path: magg’aṭṭhaṅgika-yāna (—yāyinī) Th. 2, 389 (=aṭṭhaṅgika-magga-saṅkhāta ariya-yāna ThA. 257); and brahma-yāna dhamma-yāna “the very best & excellent carriage” as Ep. of magga S. V, 5, cp. J. IV, 100. Cp. the later terms mahā and hīna-yāna. See also yānikata.

context information

Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

yāna (यान).—n (S) Any vehicle or form of conveyance, a carriage, litter, beast, ship. 2 Going, proceeding, traveling.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

yāna (यान).—n A vehicle, carriage, ship. Going.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Yāna (यान).—[yā bhāve-lyuṭ]

1) Going, moving, walking, riding; as गजयानम्, उष्ट्र°, रथ° (gajayānam, uṣṭra°, ratha°) &c.

2) A voyage, journey; समुद्र- यानकुशलाः (samudra- yānakuśalāḥ) Ms.8.157; Y.1.84.

3) Marching against, attacking (one of the six Guṇas or expedients in politics); अहितान् प्रत्यभीतस्य रणे यानम् (ahitān pratyabhītasya raṇe yānam) Ak.; Ms.7.16.

4) A procession, train.

5) A conveyance, vehicle, carriage, chariot; यानं सस्मार कौबेरम् (yānaṃ sasmāra kauberam) R.15.45;13.69; Ku.6.76; Ms.4.12.

6) A litter, palanquin.

7) A ship, vessel.

8) (With Buddhists) The method of arriving at knowledge; the means of release from repeated births; cf. महायान, हीनयान (mahāyāna, hīnayāna).

9) An aeroplane (vimāna); Bhāg.4.3.6.

-naḥ Ved. A road, way.

Derivable forms: yānam (यानम्).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

Yāna (यान).—nt. (sometimes with m. endings), vehicle, as in Sanskrit and Pali; in Pali also used of the 8-fold Noble Path, as the vehicle to salvation; by extension of this use, in [Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit] applied to the two vehicles (mahā°, hīna°), or three, with pratyeka(buddha)-yāna between the two; that is, religious methods, within the fold of Buddhism. See Saddharmapuṇḍarīka 75.11, 76.2 ff. (parable of the burning house, the 3 yānas compared to carts of different sizes); for mahā-y° synonyms are buddha-y°, bodhisattva-y°, eka-y° (because, Saddharmapuṇḍarīka 40.13 f. says, this is really the only vehicle, na kiṃcic… dvitīyaṃ vā tṛtīyaṃ vā yānaṃ saṃvidyate); eka-y° also Mahāvyutpatti 1255; agra-yāna, q.v., id.; triyānam ekayānaṃ ca Laṅkāvatāra-sūtra 155.14; the 3 yānas mentioned, but not named, Mahāvastu ii.362.8 f., where it is specifically stated that one can attain parinirvāṇa by any of them, and no preference is expressed; in Saddharmapuṇḍarīka 43.7 (in times of corruption, the Tathā- gatas) upāyakauśalyena tad evaikaṃ buddhayānaṃ triyānanirdeśena nirdiśanti; synonym of hīna-y° is also śrāvaka-y°; see the various terms, also nava-(acira-)- yāna-saṃprasthita.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Yāna (यान).—n.

(-naṃ) 1. Any vehicle or form of conveyance, as a carriage, a litter, a horse, an elephant, &c. 2. Going, marching, proceeding. 3. Invading, marching against an enemy. E. yā to go, aff. lyuṭ .

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Yāna (यान).—i. e. yā + ana, n. 1. Going, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 4, 72; moving, [Pañcatantra] iii. [distich] 248. 2. Marching, generally comprising as well: Retreating before an enemy ([Pañcatantra] iii. [distich] 34; cf. 35, and p. 153, 6, 7), as: Attacking an enemy ([Pañcatantra] iii. [distich] 35; [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 7, 160). 3. Any vehicle or form of conveyance, a carriage, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 2, 202.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Yāna (यान).—[adjective] leading (of a way) to ([genetive] or [adverb] in trā). [neuter] going, riding, marching; way, course; ship, vehicle i.[grammar], waggon, chariot.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Yāna (यान):—[from yā] a mfn. leading, conducting (said of a road; ‘to’ [genitive case] or [adverb] in trā), [Ṛg-veda]

2) [from yā] n. (ifc. f(ā). ) a journey, travel

3) [v.s. ...] going, moving, riding, marching etc. to ([locative case] or [compound]) or upon ([instrumental case] or [compound]) or against ([accusative] with prati), [Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata] etc.

4) [v.s. ...] a vehicle of any kind, carriage, waggon, vessel, ship, litter, palanquin, [Ṛg-veda] etc. etc.

5) [v.s. ...] (with Buddhists) the vehicle or method of arriving at knowledge, the means of release from repeated births (there are either 3 systems, the śrāvaka-yāna, the pratyeka-buddha-y or pratyeka-y, and the mahā-y; or more generally only 2, the mahā-yāna or ‘Great method’ and the hina-y or ‘Lesser method’; sometimes there is only ‘One Vehicle’, the eka-yāna, or ‘one way to beatitude’), [Saddharma-puṇḍarīka; Dharmasaṃgraha 2] (cf. [Monier-Williams’ Buddhism 159 etc.])

6) b etc. See p. 849, col. 3.

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Relevant text

Search found 39 books and stories containing Yana, Yāna; (plurals include: Yanas, Yānas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Glossary

Tibetan Glossary

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Monks’ Training (Sekhiya) 63

Monks’ Expulsion (Pārājika) 2: Permutations < [Monks’ Expulsion (Pārājika) 2]

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Verse 7.160 < [Section XII - Daily Routine of Work]

Verse 2.151 < [Section XXV - Meaning of the Title ‘Ācārya’]

Verse 11.201 < [Section XXVI - Expiation for riding a Camel and other similar Offences]

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Bhagavat-Yana Parva < [Book 5 - Udyoga Parva]