Rig Veda (translation and commentary)
by H. H. Wilson | 1866 | 1,999,864 words | ISBN-10: 8171101380 | ISBN-13: 9788171101382
The Rig-Veda, English translation, including the commentary of Sayana and grammatical analysis. The hyms of the Rigveda Samhita represents some of the oldest and complex of Hindu Sanskrit literature. In ten books, these mantras form the core essence of rituals and ceremonies once widely performed throughout ancient India. This edition contains the...
Disclaimer: These are translations of Sanskrit texts and are not necessarily approved by everyone associated with the traditions connected to these texts. Consult the source and original scripture in case of doubt.
Rig Veda 5.15.4
Sanskrit text [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
मा॒तेव॒ यद्भर॑से पप्रथा॒नो जनं॑जनं॒ धाय॑से॒ चक्ष॑से च । वयो॑वयो जरसे॒ यद्दधा॑न॒: परि॒ त्मना॒ विषु॑रूपो जिगासि ॥
मातेव यद्भरसे पप्रथानो जनंजनं धायसे चक्षसे च । वयोवयो जरसे यद्दधानः परि त्मना विषुरूपो जिगासि ॥
māteva yad bharase paprathāno janaṃ-janaṃ dhāyase cakṣase ca | vayo-vayo jarase yad dadhānaḥ pari tmanā viṣurūpo jigāsi ||
English translation:
“When, everywhere predominating, you cherish all men like a mother, and (are implored by all) to behold and to support them; and when, being detained, you mature every kind of food, then, multiform (Agni), you comprise (all beings) in yourself.”
Commentary by Sāyaṇa: Ṛgveda-bhāṣya
You mature every kind of food: vāyo vayo jarase yad dadhānaḥ = yad dhāryamāno bhavasi tadā sarvam annam jarayasi, when you are being detained, then you cause all food to decay, i.e., to digest
Details:
Ṛṣi (sage/seer): dharuṇa āṅgirasaḥ [dharuṇa āṅgirasa];Devatā (deity/subject-matter): agniḥ ;
Chandas (meter): triṣṭup ;
Svara (tone/note): Swar;
Padapatha [Accents, Plain, Transliterated]:
मा॒ताऽइ॑व । यत् । भर॑से । प॒प्र॒था॒नः । जन॑म्ऽजनम् । धाय॑से । चक्ष॑से । च॒ । वयः॑ऽवयः । ज॒र॒से॒ । यत् । दधा॑नः । परि॑ । त्मना॑ । विषु॑ऽरूपः । जि॒गा॒सि॒ ॥
माताइव । यत् । भरसे । पप्रथानः । जनम्जनम् । धायसे । चक्षसे । च । वयःवयः । जरसे । यत् । दधानः । परि । त्मना । विषुरूपः । जिगासि ॥
mātāiva | yat | bharase | paprathānaḥ | janam-janam | dhāyase | cakṣase | ca | vayaḥ-vayaḥ | jarase | yat | dadhānaḥ | pari | tmanā | viṣu-rūpaḥ | jigāsi
Multi-layer Annotation of the Ṛgveda
[Rigveda 5.15.4 English analysis of grammar]
[noun], nominative, singular, feminine
“mother; mātṛkā; mātṛ [word]; parent; Salvinia cucullata Roxb.; Citrullus colocynthis Schrad.; cow.”
[adverb]
“like; as it were; somehow; just so.”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“bring; hold; fill; support; wear; possess; carry; nourish; keep; hire; have; satiate; follow; bear.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“be known; expand; expand; boom.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“people; national; man; relative; jan; Janaloka; person; jana [word]; man; attendant; Jana; foreigner; inhabitant; group.”
[noun], accusative, singular, masculine
“people; national; man; relative; jan; Janaloka; person; jana [word]; man; attendant; Jana; foreigner; inhabitant; group.”
[noun], dative, singular, neuter
[verb noun]
“watch; look.”
[adverb]
“and; besides; then; now; even.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“age; vigor; old age; strength; vayas [word]; aging; power; youth; food.”
[noun], accusative, singular, neuter
“age; vigor; old age; strength; vayas [word]; aging; power; youth; food.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“jṛ; digest; age; cook; boil down; decay; decay; ripen.”
[adverb]
“once [when]; because; that; if; how.”
[verb noun], nominative, singular
“put; give; cause; get; hold; make; provide; lend; wear; install; have; enter (a state); supply; hold; take; show.”
[adverb]
“from; about; around.”
[noun], instrumental, singular, masculine
“self.”
[noun], nominative, singular, masculine
“different; manifold.”
[verb], singular, Present indikative
“go; enter (a state); arrive.”