Apana, aka: Apāna, Āpaṇa, Āpāna, Apāṇa, Āpāṇa, Āpana; 13 Definition(s)

Introduction

Apana means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

In Hinduism

Ayurveda (science of life)

Apāna (अपान).—One of the five upadoṣas (sub-functions) of vāta (one of the three biological humors).—

Location of apāna: Colon (large intestine), lower abdomen, organs of the pelvic region (kidneys, bladder, navel, rectum).

Functions of apāna: Elimination of waste, keeps foetus in place and helps during birth, responsible for sexual function (ejaculation of semen) and menstruation.

Ailments of apāna due to vitiation: Renal calculi (stone), diseases of bladder, anus, testicles, uterus and obstinate urinary ailments including diabetes, prameha and dysuria.

context information

Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

1a) Apāna (अपान).—A Sādhya god.^*

• * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 3. 16.

1b) A Tuṣita god.^*

• * Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 3. 19; Vāyu-purāṇa 66. 18.

1c) An Ajita deva.^*

• * Vāyu-purāṇa 67. 34.

2) Āpana (आपन).—(c)—a kingdom to which Puramjana went by the entrance mukhyā; allegorically vyavahāra.^*

• * Bhāgavata-purāṇa IV. 25. 49; 29. 12.

context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

General definition (in Hinduism)

The third prana is known as Apana. It is located between the navel and the perineum in the pelvic region. It is a very important energy field which is responsible for sexual activity, procreation, production of semen and ovum, elimination of urine, faeces, gas, wind and expulsion of the foetus. This energy is mainly downward flowing, but we can also redirect it upward to the brain.

In Buddhism

Theravada (major branch of Buddhism)

A city in the Anguttarapa country (probably its capital). The Buddha once visited the city with 1,250 monks and the whole company was entertained by the Jatila Keniya (Vin.i.245ff). From Apana the Buddha went on to Kusinara (Vin.i.247). In the Samyutta Nikaya (S.v.225), Apana is spoken of as a township of the Angas (Anganam nigamo) and the Buddha is mentioned as having stayed there with Sariputta.

Several suttas were preached at Apana, among them

the Potaliya Sutta (regarding Potaliya), (M.i.359ff)

the Latukikopama Sutta (to Udayi) (M.i.447ff),

the Sela Sutta (regarding Sela) (M.ii.146ff; Sn.pp.102ff) and

the Saddha or Apana Sutta (S.v.225-7).

Apana was a brahmin village and was the home of the Elder Sela (ThagA.ii.47). On the occasion of the Buddhas visit to Apana, during which he converted Sela and Keniya, he seems to have stayed at Apana for over a week and ordained three hundred monks in the company of Sela (Sn., p.112).

According to Buddhaghosa (MA.ii.586), the village was called Apana because it had twenty thousand bazaars (apana) and was therefore distinguished for its shops (apananam ussannatta). Near the village, on the banks of the river Mahi, was the woodland where the Buddha stayed during his visits.

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One of the Vanni chiefs of Ceylon, brought into subjection by Bhuvanekabahu I. (Cv.xc.33)

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Āpaṇa (आपण) is an ancient captial of the of the Aṅguttarāpas, according to the 2nd century Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra chapter 52.—The Jaṭila master Keṇiya was living at Āpaṇa, the capital of the Aṅguttarāpas in the land of Aṅga. He was a staunch Brāhmaṇist but, coming to learn that the Buddha along with 1250 Bhikṣus was traveling in the area, he went to see him and invited him to lunch on the following day. According to his custom, the Buddha accepted by remaining silent and Keṇiya went home to prepare the reception with his friends and family. Keṇiya had as a friend in Āpaṇa the learned brāhmaṇa Sela who was a specialist in the Vedas and auxiliary sciences, an expert in interpreting physical signs and learned in mantras which he taught to 300 disciples.

context information

Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.

In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Apāna (अपान, “exhale”) according to the 2nd-century Tattvārthasūtra 5.19.—What is the meaning apāna or exhale? The air inside the body (śarīra) which the living being throws out is called exhale.

context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

India history and geogprahy

Āpaṇa.—(IE 8-5), a shop. (CII 4), a market. Note: āpaṇa is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.

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Āpāna.—(EI 2; CII 1), a watering station or shed. Note: āpāna is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.

context information

The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

apāṇa : (nt.) breathing out. || āpaṇa (m.), bazaar; market. āpāṇa (nt.), breathing; exhalation.

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āpāna : (nt.) drinking hall.

Apāna, (nt.) breathing out, respiration (so Ch.; no ref. in P. Cauon?) On Prāṇa & Apāna see G. W. Brown in J. Am. Or. Soc. 39, 1919 pp. 104—112. See ānāpāna. (Page 54)

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Āpāna, (nt.) (fr. ā + pā) drinking; drinking party, banquet; banqueting-hall, drinking-hall J.I, 52 (°maṇḍala); V, 292 (°bhūmi); Vism.399 (id.); DhA.I, 213 (id., rañño). (Page 102)

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Āpāṇa, (ā + pāṇa) life, lit. breathing, only in cpd. °koṭi the end of life Miln.397; Dāvs III, 93; adj. —koṭika M.II, 120; Vism.10. (Page 102)

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Āpaṇa, (Sk. āpaṇa, ā + paṇ) a bazaar, shop Vin.I, 140; J.I, 55; V, 445; Pv.II, 3²²; Miln.2, 341; SnA 440; DhA.I, 317; II, 89; VvA.157; PvA.88, 333 (phal° fruit shop), 215. (Page 102)

context information

Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

Marathi-English dictionary

apāna (अपान).—n apānadvāra n (S) The anus.

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āpaṇa (आपण).—pron (ātmā S through appā in bālabhāṣā) One's self. This is a representative or referential pronoun, standing indifferently for I, thou, he, we, ye, they; or for Myself, thyself, himself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves. Ex. myāṃ tyālā jēvūṃ ghātalēṃ maga ā0 jēvāyāsa basalōṃ; tū malā khaṭapaṭīnta lāvūna ā0 svastha basalāsa; tyānēṃ cōrī karāvī āṇi ā0 ca cōra cōra mhaṇūna hākā mārīta suṭāvēṃ; and in this manner, through the plural. 2 In the style of majesty or magniloquence, āpaṇa is assumed by the first person singular, bearing the plural significance and regimen of We; and in the reverential or respectful style, it is used in addressing the second person and in designating the third person singular, exercising the plural government of Ye and They, and conveying the force of such English phrases as Your majesty, Your honor, Your worship, His excellency, His highness &c. 3 āpaṇa rather especially stands for No. 1, the first of the persons, for I or myself, or for We or ourselves. Ex. tyāpāśīṃ māgitalēṃ asatāṃ tō āpaṇāsa dēīla.

apāna (अपान).—n apānadvāra n The anus.

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apāna (अपान).—m apānavāyu m The air stationed in the anus.

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āpaṇa (आपण).—pro One's self. (āpaṇa) A person meaning I, we, thou, ye, he, they or myself, thyself &c. in all persons, singular and plural. This word may

Sanskrit-English dictionary

Apāna (अपान).—Breathing out, respiration (opp. prāṇa); प्राणापानौ समौ कृत्वा नासाभ्यन्तरचारिणौ (prāṇāpānau samau kṛtvā nāsābhyantaracāriṇau) Bg.5.27; one of the five life-winds in the body which goes downwards and out at the anus (apanayanānmūtrapurīṣāderapāno'dhovṛttirvāyurnā- misthānaḥ) मूत्रशुक्रवहो वायुरपान इति कीर्त्यते (mūtraśukravaho vāyurapāna iti kīrtyate).

-naḥ, -nam The anus (ādhāre ghañ).

Derivable forms: apānaḥ (अपानः).

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Āpana (आपन).—[āp-lyuṭ]

1) Getting, obtaining, reaching &c.

2) Pepper.

Derivable forms: āpanam (आपनम्).

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Āpaṇa (आपण).—[āpaṇ-ghañ]

1) A market; shop. विपणापणवान् रम्यः (vipaṇāpaṇavān ramyaḥ) Mb.14.59.11; भक्ष्यमाल्यापणानां च ददृशुः श्रियमुत्तमाम् (bhakṣyamālyāpaṇānāṃ ca dadṛśuḥ śriyamuttamām) Mb.

2) Trade, commercial commodity; पिहितापणोदया (pihitāpaṇodayā) Rām.2.48.37.

3) A group of shopkeepers; शकटापण- वेशाश्च यानं युग्यं च सर्वशः (śakaṭāpaṇa- veśāśca yānaṃ yugyaṃ ca sarvaśaḥ) Mb.5.196.26.

Derivable forms: āpaṇaḥ (आपणः).

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Āpāna (आपान).—1 A drinking party, banquet; Mk.8; आपाने पानकलिता दैवेनाभिप्रचोदिताः (āpāne pānakalitā daivenābhipracoditāḥ) Mb.

Derivable forms: āpānam (आपानम्).

See also (synonyms): āpānaka.

Apāna (अपान).—n.

(-naṃ) 1. The anus. 2. A fart, one of the five vital airs. E. apa below, ana to breathe, ghañ aff.

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Āpaṇa (आपण).—m.

(-ṇaḥ) 1. A market. 2. A shop. E. āṅ before and paṇi to trade, affix ac.

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Āpana (आपन).—n.

(-naṃ) 1. Obtaining. 2. Pepper. E. āpa to obtain, lyuṭ aff.

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Āpāna (आपान).—m.

(-naḥ) A tavern, a liquor-shop, a place for drinking in society. E. āṅ before pā to drink, lyuṭ aff.

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