A, Á, Ā ā: 39 definitions
Introduction:
A means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Christianity, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi, Tamil. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
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In Hinduism
Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)
A (अ).—(ೱ) प् (p) (ೱ) Upadhmānīya represented by a sign like the temple of an elephants stated by Durgasiṃha who remarks "गजकुम्भाकृतिर्वर्ण उपध्मानीयसंज्ञो भवति (gajakumbhākṛtirvarṇa upadhmānīyasaṃjño bhavati)." Kāt.I. It is a voiceless breath following the utterance of a vowel and preceding the utterance of the labial letter p (प् (p)) or ph (फ). It is looked upon as a letter (वर्ण (varṇa)), but dependent upon the following consonant and hence looked upon as a consonant.
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1) Ā (आ).—The long form of the vowel अ (a) called दीर्घ (dīrgha),consisting of two mātrās, in contrast with (l) the short अ (a) which consists of one mātrā and the protracted आ३ (ā3) which consists of three mātrās;
2) Ā.—Substitute आ (ā) of two mātrās when prescribed by the word दीर्घ (dīrgha) or वृद्धि (vṛddhi) for the short vowel अ;
3) Ā.—Upasarga आ (ā) (आङ् (āṅ)) in the sense of limit e.g. आ कडारादेका संज्ञा (ā kaḍārādekā saṃjñā) (P.I.4.1.) आकुमारं यशः पाणिनेः (ākumāraṃ yaśaḥ pāṇineḥ) K. on II.1.13. आ उदकान्तात् (ā udakāntāt) (M. Bh. on I.1.14.)
4) Ā.—Indeclinable आ (ā) in the sense of remembrance e. g. आ एवं नु मन्यसे (ā evaṃ nu manyase); cf. ईषदर्थे क्रियायोगे मर्यादाभिविधौ च यः । एतमातं ङितं विद्याद्वाक्यस्मरणयोरङित् (īṣadarthe kriyāyoge maryādābhividhau ca yaḥ | etamātaṃ ṅitaṃ vidyādvākyasmaraṇayoraṅit) M. Bh. on I.1.14;
5) Ā.—Augment आ (ā) (आक् (āk)) as seen in चराचर, वदावद (carācara, vadāvada) etc. cf. M. Bh. VI.1.12 Vārt. 6;
6) Ā.—Augment आ(आट् (āṭ)) prefixed to roots in the tenses लुङ्, लङ् (luṅ, laṅ) and लृङ् (lṛṅ)
7) Ā.—Substitute आ (ā) prescribed for the last letter of pronouns before the tad. affixes दृक्,दृश, दृक्ष (dṛk, dṛśa, dṛkṣa) and वत् (vat), as in तादृक्दृ, तादृश (tādṛkdṛ, tādṛśa) etc.;
8) Ā.—Feminine affix आ (ā) (टाप्, डाप् (ṭāp, ḍāp) or चाप् (cāp)) added to nouns ending in आ;
9) Ā.—Substitute आ (ā) (आ (ā) or आत् (āt), or डा (ḍā) or आल् (āl)) for case affixes in Vedic literature उभा यन्तारौ, नाभा पृथिव्याः (ubhā yantārau, nābhā pṛthivyāḥ) etc.
Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
1) A (अ).—The first letter (Vowel) of all Indian languages. According to the Nānārtharatnamālā this letter has the following meanings:—Brahmā, Viṣṇu, Śiva, tortoise, courtyard, battle, harem, jewellery, sea, Pārvatī and bowstring.
2) Ā (आ).—This word means Brahmā and also anādaravākya (a word showing disrespect). In the indeclinable form it means limit, anger and pain.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
In Buddhism
Chinese Buddhism
1) 阿 [a]—a or ā, अ, आ. It is the first letter of the Sanskrit Siddham alphabet, and is also translit. by 曷 [he], 遏 [e], 安 [an], 頞 [e], 韻 [yun], 噁 [e], etc. From it are supposed to be born all the other letters, and it is the first sound uttered by the human mouth. It has therefore numerous mystical indications. Being also a negation it symbolizes the unproduced, the impermanent, the immaterial; but it is employed in many ways indicative of the positive. Amongst other uses it indicates Amitābha, from the first syllable in that name. It is much in use for esoteric purposes.
2) 阿 [a]—M077477 樓馱 [lou tuo] v. 阿那律 [a na lu] Aniruddha.
3) 阿 [a]—M077477 羅陀補羅 [luo tuo bu luo] Anurādhapura, a northern city of Ceylon, at which tradition says Buddhism was introduced into the island; cf. Abhayagiri, 阿跋 [a ba].
4) 阿 [a]—?棲馱 [qi tuo] (or 阿 [a] M045781棲馱 [qi tuo]); 阿尼盧豆 [a ni lu dou] (or 阿莬盧豆 [a wen lu dou]) (or 阿尼律陀 [a ni lu tuo]) Aniruddha, 'unrestrained,' tr. by 無滅 [wu mie] unceasing, i.e. the benefits resulting from his charity; or 如意無貪 [ru yi wu tan] able to gratify every wish and without desire. One of the ten chief disciples of Buddha; to reappear as the Buddha Samantaprabhāsa; he was considered supreme in 天眼 [tian yan] deva insight. Cf. 阿耨 [a nou].
5) 阿 [a]—v. 娑 [suo] sahā, the world.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
阿 [a]—Ā—[Term] ā long sound. An, A, Aa, An, An, E, one of the twelve mother vowels of Siddham (悉曇 [xi tan]). One of the fifty character gates (五十字門 [wu shi zi men]). A's transformed birth. For those who attach the point of practice to the character A. The Vajraśekhara Sūtra (金剛頂經 [jin gang ding jing]), Chapter on Letters, states: "The character gate (字門 [zi men]) of A (long sound), because all dharmas are tranquil." The Mañjuśrīparipṛcchā Sūtra (文殊問經 [wen shu wen jing]) says: "When pronouncing the character A, it is the sound of being far from self." The Mahāvyutpatti Sūtra (大莊嚴經 [da zhuang yan jing]) says: "When chanting the long character A, the sound of benefiting oneself and others emerges." The Commentary on the Mahāvairocana Sūtra (大日經疏 [da ri jing shu]), Vol. 14, states: "If one sees the long character A, one should know that one is practicing the conduct of a Tathāgata." The same, Vol. 10, states: "The second character with a long sound is Vajra Samādhi (金剛三昧 [jin gang san mei])." All dharmas being tranquil is explained by Āraṇya (練若 [lian ruo]); being far from self is explained by Atman (我 [wo]). Also explained as emptiness (空 [kong]) by Ākāṣa, and as a noble one (聖者 [sheng zhe]) by Ārya.
[Term] a. The first of the twelve mother vowels of Siddham (悉曇 [xi tan]). One of the fifty character gates (五十字門 [wu shi zi men]). Also written as E, Ai, He, An, An, E, E. This sound is the origin of all Sanskrit (梵語 [fan yu]), and this character is the root, giving rise to all Sanskrit characters (梵字 [fan zi]). The Commentary on the Mahāvairocana Sūtra (大日經疏 [da ri jing shu]), Vol. 7, states: "The character A is the basis of all dharma teachings. All sounds that initially open the mouth have the sound of A. If separated from the sound of A, there would be no speech, hence it is the mother of all sounds." The same, Vol. 12, states: "The character A is the seed of all characters." The Risku-shaku (理趣釋 [li qu shi]) states: "The character A signifies Bodhicitta (菩提心 [pu ti xin]), it is prior to all characters." It is translated as 'no', 'not', 'non-'. The Japanese Kōbō (弘法 [hong fa]) Vajraśekhara Sūtra Kaidai (金剛頂經開題 [jin gang ding jing kai ti]) states: "A means 'no', 'not', 'non-'." It is an abbreviation of Amitābha Buddha (彌陀佛 [mi tuo fu]), as in Dun-A, Ta-A, etc. See the entry for Ami (彌 [mi]).
阿—【術語】 [?]ā 長聲。安，阿，阿阿，安，菴，頞，悉曇十二母韻之一。五十字門之一。阿之轉生。於阿字附修行之點者。金剛頂經字母品曰：「阿（引去）字門，一切法寂靜故。」文殊問經曰：「稱阿字時，是遠離我聲，」大莊嚴經曰：「唱長阿字時，出自利利他聲。」大日經疏十四曰：「若見長阿字，當知修如來行。」同十曰：「長聲第二字，是金剛三昧。」一切法寂靜者由阿練若 Āraṇya 釋之，遠離我者由 Atman（我）釋之。又由 Ākāṣa，Ārya 釋為空，聖者。
【術語】a 悉曇十二母韻最初之韻。五十字門之一。又作遏，哀，曷，安，菴，頞，噁。此音為本生一切之梵語，此字為元，生一切之梵字也。大日經疏七曰：「阿字是一切法教之本，凡最初開口之音，皆有阿聲。若離阿聲，則無一切言說，故為眾聲之母。」同十二曰：「阿字為一切字之種子。」理趣釋曰：「阿字菩提心義，為一切字之先。」譯曰無、非、不。日本弘法金剛頂經開題曰：「阿名無、不、非。」
，阿彌陀佛之略，如頓阿、他阿等。見阿彌條。(阿彌)
[shù yǔ] [?]ā zhǎng shēng. ān, ā, ā ā, ān, ān, è, xī tán shí èr mǔ yùn zhī yī. wǔ shí zì mén zhī yī. ā zhī zhuǎn shēng. yú ā zì fù xiū xíng zhī diǎn zhě. jīn gāng dǐng jīng zì mǔ pǐn yuē: “ā (yǐn qù) zì mén, yī qiè fǎ jì jìng gù.” wén shū wèn jīng yuē: “chēng ā zì shí, shì yuǎn lí wǒ shēng,” dà zhuāng yán jīng yuē: “chàng zhǎng ā zì shí, chū zì lì lì tā shēng.” dà rì jīng shū shí sì yuē: “ruò jiàn zhǎng ā zì, dāng zhī xiū rú lái xíng.” tóng shí yuē: “zhǎng shēng dì èr zì, shì jīn gāng sān mèi.” yī qiè fǎ jì jìng zhě yóu ā liàn ruò Āraṇya shì zhī, yuǎn lí wǒ zhě yóu Atman (wǒ) shì zhī. yòu yóu Ākāṣa,Ārya shì wèi kōng, shèng zhě.
[shù yǔ]a xī tán shí èr mǔ yùn zuì chū zhī yùn. wǔ shí zì mén zhī yī. yòu zuò è, āi, hé, ān, ān, è, ě. cǐ yīn wèi běn shēng yī qiè zhī fàn yǔ, cǐ zì wèi yuán, shēng yī qiè zhī fàn zì yě. dà rì jīng shū qī yuē: “ā zì shì yī qiè fǎ jiào zhī běn, fán zuì chū kāi kǒu zhī yīn, jiē yǒu ā shēng. ruò lí ā shēng, zé wú yī qiè yán shuō, gù wèi zhòng shēng zhī mǔ.” tóng shí èr yuē: “ā zì wèi yī qiè zì zhī zhǒng zi.” lǐ qù shì yuē: “ā zì pú tí xīn yì, wèi yī qiè zì zhī xiān.” yì yuē wú,, fēi,, bù. rì běn hóng fǎ jīn gāng dǐng jīng kāi tí yuē: “ā míng wú,, bù,, fēi.”
, ā mí tuó fú zhī lüè, rú dùn ā,, tā ā děng. jiàn ā mí tiáo.(ā mí)
[shu yu] [?]a zhang sheng. an, a, a a, an, an, e, xi tan shi er mu yun zhi yi. wu shi zi men zhi yi. a zhi zhuan sheng. yu a zi fu xiu xing zhi dian zhe. jin gang ding jing zi mu pin yue: "a (yin qu) zi men, yi qie fa ji jing gu." wen shu wen jing yue: "cheng a zi shi, shi yuan li wo sheng," da zhuang yan jing yue: "chang zhang a zi shi, chu zi li li ta sheng." da ri jing shu shi si yue: "ruo jian zhang a zi, dang zhi xiu ru lai xing." tong shi yue: "zhang sheng di er zi, shi jin gang san mei." yi qie fa ji jing zhe you a lian ruo Aranya shi zhi, yuan li wo zhe you Atman (wo) shi zhi. you you Akasa,Arya shi wei kong, sheng zhe.
[shu yu]a xi tan shi er mu yun zui chu zhi yun. wu shi zi men zhi yi. you zuo e, ai, he, an, an, e, e. ci yin wei ben sheng yi qie zhi fan yu, ci zi wei yuan, sheng yi qie zhi fan zi ye. da ri jing shu qi yue: "a zi shi yi qie fa jiao zhi ben, fan zui chu kai kou zhi yin, jie you a sheng. ruo li a sheng, ze wu yi qie yan shuo, gu wei zhong sheng zhi mu." tong shi er yue: "a zi wei yi qie zi zhi zhong zi." li qu shi yue: "a zi pu ti xin yi, wei yi qie zi zhi xian." yi yue wu,, fei,, bu. ri ben hong fa jin gang ding jing kai ti yue: "a ming wu,, bu,, fei."
, a mi tuo fu zhi lue, ru dun a,, ta a deng. jian a mi tiao.(a mi)
Chinese Buddhism (漢傳佛教, hanchuan fojiao) is the form of Buddhism that developed in China, blending Mahayana teachings with Daoist and Confucian thought. Its texts are mainly in Classical Chinese, based on translations from Sanskrit. Major schools include Chan (Zen), Pure Land, Tiantai, and Huayan. Chinese Buddhism has greatly influenced East Asian religion and culture.
India history and geography
Ā.—d8ha (IE 8-6), same as āḍhika or āḍhaka; a measure of capacity; a land measure also called āḍhavāpa. Note: ā is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
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Ā.—d8hā (IE 8-6), Bengali form of āḍhaka and āḍhavāpa. Note: ā is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
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Ā.—ṉai-ccālai (SITI), Tamil; ‘an elephant stable’; tax payable for the maintenance of the elephant stable. Note: ā is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
a (अ).—The first letter of the alphabet, and the inherent short vowel. It corresponds with A in its shortest or most obscure sound, as in sugar, mortar, collar, jocular. It is prefixed ad libitum to adjectives, substantives, and participles introduced from the Sanskrit; and, although with less frequency and with no elegance, to words purely Marathi. Its senses or powers are-- I. Privation or negation: as apāra Boundless, akṣaya Imperishable. II. Deterioration: as akīrti Ill fame, akarma A bad action, anādara Disrespect. III. Diminution or deficiency: as abōlaṇā or abōlyā Taciturn, abuddhi Dull of understanding, aśijā Imperfectly boiled. IV. Enhancement or transcendency: as amānuṣa or apauruṣa Superhuman, alaukika Extraordinary. V. Return, reverting to the former state: as asujaṇēṃ To subside or swell down--a swelling, ahāraṇēṃ To become unstrung: i.e. to lose its hāra or wreath-form. a thus bears the double sense or power of the English Un, viz. Negation, as in Unwise, unhappy, and the sense, little observed indeed, but worthy of all observation, of Return back or nullification, as in Unwind, untie, unfold, undo, and all the shades of the Privative and Deteriorative senses of the English Dis and In; and, as In becomes, by the laws of euphony, II, Im, Ir, so a becomes ana, as in ananta, anakṣara, anadhyāya. Of the above senses of a the first abounds, and only the well approved cases of its occurrence are inserted; the second is much less abounding; and the third, fourth, and fifth are very rare, scarcely affording an instance additional to those given.
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ā (आ).—The second letter of the alphabet, corresponding with A in Father, chance. As a preposition or prefix to words from the Sanskrit, it signifies I. Diminution: as ōṣṇam Warmish; from ā & uṣṇam Warm. II. Extension: as ābhōga Repletion; from ā & bhōga Enjoyment. III. Limit inceptive:--from that place; from that time: as āsamudrāt From the sea; ājanmataḥ From birth. IV. Limit conclusive:--until, unto, as far as, whether inclusive or exclusive: as āphalōdaya Till success crown us (incl); āsamudra As far as the ocean (excl). V. Limit inclusive, containing, or comprehending: as ākramaṇa Pervasion, thorough occupation (from ā & krama To go, walk, step); āsakalāt brahma Brahma containeth or comprehendeth all things (from ā & sakala All). VI. It is redundant: as ābhāsa, āghrāṇa, āghāta, ālhāda, The same as bhāsa, ghrāṇa, ghāta, lhāda. VII. It extends, restricts, reverses, and otherwise varies the application and meaning of words: as āgraha Retention (as of a purpose or opinion) after taking; inflexible persistency (from ā & graha To take). ācāra Moving;--conducting one's self, agreeably to the precepts of the Vedas (from ā & cara To walk, to move). āgamana Approach, coming (from ā & gamana Going). āmōda Fragrance (from ā & mōda Pleasure). ākṛti Form, figure (from ā & kṛti Deed, act).
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ā (आ).—m (Imit. of the sound in pronouncing the letter आ) Opening the mouth widely; or the wide-opened mouth. v kara, pasara, vāsa. 2 This letter, being the initial letter of āśīrvāda (Benediction), stands at the head of epistles from Brahmans to Shudras, correspondingly with the letter da (the initial of daṇḍavata Obeisance) vice versâ. ā vāsaṇēṃ To yawn or gape. 2 To be ready to devour; to open the mouth upon. 3 To cry out, peccavi; to beg for mercy: also to acknowledge subjection. Pr. nāka dabalēṃ mhaṇajē ā vāsatō. ā vāsūna or pasarūnabasaṇēṃ To sit eagerly expecting.
a (अ).—The 1st vowel; a prefix signifying negation.
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ā (आ).—The second vowel. m Opening the mouth widely.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
A (अ).—The first letter of the alphabet; अक्षंराणामकारोऽस्मि (akṣaṃrāṇāmakāro'smi) Bhagavadgītā (Bombay) 1.33.
-aḥ [avati, atati sātatyena tiṣṭhatīti vā; av-at vā, ḍa Tv.]
1) Name of Viṣṇu, the first of the three sounds constituting the sacred syllable ओम् (om); अकारो विष्णुरुद्दिष्ट उकारस्तु महेश्वरः । मकारस्तु स्मृतो ब्रह्मा प्रणवस्तु त्रयात्मकः (akāro viṣṇuruddiṣṭa ukārastu maheśvaraḥ | makārastu smṛto brahmā praṇavastu trayātmakaḥ) || For more explanations of the three syllables अ, उ, म् (a, u, m) see ओम् (om).
2) Name of Śiva, Brahmā, Vāyu, or Vaiśvānara.-- [अः कृष्णः शंकरो ब्रह्मा शक्रः सोमोऽनिलोऽनलः । सूर्यः प्राणो यमः कालो वसन्तः प्रणवः सुखी (aḥ kṛṣṇaḥ śaṃkaro brahmā śakraḥ somo'nilo'nalaḥ | sūryaḥ prāṇo yamaḥ kālo vasantaḥ praṇavaḥ sukhī) || Enm. अः स्याद् ब्रह्मणि विष्ण्वीशकूर्माणङ्करणेषु च। गौरवेऽन्तःपुरे हेतौ भूषणेऽङ्घ्रावुमेज्ययोः (aḥ syād brahmaṇi viṣṇvīśakūrmāṇaṅkaraṇeṣu ca| gaurave'ntaḥpure hetau bhūṣaṇe'ṅghrāvumejyayoḥ) || Nm. अः शिखायां सिद्धमन्त्रे प्रग्राहेऽर्के रथार्वणि । चक्रे कुक्कुटमूर्ध्नीन्दुबिम्बे ब्रह्मेशविष्णुषु (aḥ śikhāyāṃ siddhamantre pragrāhe'rke rathārvaṇi | cakre kukkuṭamūrdhnīndubimbe brahmeśaviṣṇuṣu) || ibid. Thus अः (aḥ) means Kṛṣṇa, Śiva, Brahmā, Indra, Soma, Vāyu, Agni, the Sun, the life-breath, Yama, Kāla, Vasanta, Praṇava, a happy man, a tortoise, a courtyard, a battle, greatness, a female apartment in a palace, an object or a cause, an ornament, a foot, Umā, sacrifice, a flame, a particularly efficacious mantra, reins, the horse of chariot, a wheel, the head of a cock, the disc of the moon]; ind.
1) A Prefix corresponding to Latin in, Eng. in or un, Gr. a or an, and joined to nouns, adjectives, indeclinables (or rarely even to verbs) as a substitute for the negative particle नञ् (nañ), and changed to अन् (an) before vowels (except in the word a-ṛṇin). The senses of न (na) usually enumerated are six--(a) सादृश्य (sādṛśya) 'likeness' or 'resemblance', अब्राह्मणः (abrāhmaṇaḥ) one like a Brāhmaṇa (wearing the sacred thread &c.), but not a Brāhmaṇa; a Kṣatriya, or a Vaiśya; अनिक्षुः (anikṣuḥ) a reed appearing like इक्षु (ikṣu), but not a true इक्षु (ikṣu). (b) अभाव (abhāva) 'absence', 'negation', 'want', 'privation'; अज्ञानम् (ajñānam) absence of knowledge, ignorance; अक्रोधः, अनङ्गः, अकण्टकः, अघटः (akrodhaḥ, anaṅgaḥ, akaṇṭakaḥ, aghaṭaḥ) &c. (c) अन्यत्व (anyatva) 'difference' or 'distinction'; अपटः (apaṭaḥ) not a cloth, something different from, or other than, a cloth. (d) अल्पता (alpatā) 'smallness', 'diminution', used as a diminutive particle; अनुदरा (anudarā) having a slender waist (kṛśodarī or tanumadhyamā). (e) अप्राशस्त्य (aprāśastya) 'badness', 'unfitness', having a depreciative sense; अकालः (akālaḥ) wrong or improper time; अकार्यम् (akāryam) not fit to be done, improper, unworthy, bad act. (f) विरोध (virodha) 'opposition', 'contrariety'; अनीतिः (anītiḥ) the opposite of morality; immorality; असित (asita) not white, black; असुर (asura) not a god, a demon &c. These senses are put together in the following verse :-तत्सादृश्यमभावश्च तदन्यत्वं तदल्पता । अप्राशस्त्यं विरोधश्च नञर्थाः षट् प्रकीर्तिताः (tatsādṛśyamabhāvaśca tadanyatvaṃ tadalpatā | aprāśastyaṃ virodhaśca nañarthāḥ ṣaṭ prakīrtitāḥ) || See न (na) also. With verbal derivatives, such as gerunds, infinitives, participles, it has usually the sense of 'not'; अदग्ध्वा (adagdhvā) not having burnt; अपश्यन् (apaśyan) not seeing; so असकृत् (asakṛt) not once; अमृषा, अकस्मात् (amṛṣā, akasmāt) &c. Sometimes in बहुव्रीहि अ (bahuvrīhi a) does not affect the sense of the second member : अ-पश्चिम (a-paścima) that which has no last, i. e. best, topmost; e. g. विपश्चितामपश्चिमः (vipaścitāmapaścimaḥ) cf. also R.19.1. अनुत्तम (anuttama) having no superior, unsurpassed, most excellent: (for examples see these words).
2) An interjection of (a) Pity (ah !) अ अवद्यं (a avadyaṃ) P.I.1.14 Sk. (b) Reproach, censure (fie, shame); अपचसि त्वं जाल्म (apacasi tvaṃ jālma) P.VI.3.73 Vārt. See अकरणि, अजीवनि (akaraṇi, ajīvani) also. (c) Used in addressing; अ अनन्त (a ananta). (d) It is also used as a particle of prohibition.
3) The augment prefixed to the root in the formation of the Imperfect, Aorist and Conditional Tenses. N. B.-- The application of this privative prefix is practically unlimited; to give every possible case would almost amount to a dictionary itself. No attempt will, therefore, be made to give every possible combination of this prefix with a following word; only such words as require a special explanation, or such as most frequently occur in literature and enter into compounds with other words, will be given; others will be found self-explaining when the English 'in', 'un', or 'not', is substituted for अ (a) or अन् (an) before the meaning of the second word, or the sense may be expressed by 'less', 'free from', 'devoid or destitute of' &c; अकथ्य (akathya) unspeakable; अदर्प (adarpa) without pride, or freedom from pride; अप्रगल्भ (apragalbha) not bold; अभग (abhaga) unfortunate; अवित्त (avitta) destitute of wealth &c. In many cases such compounds will be found explained under the second member. Most compounds beginning with अ (a) or अन् (an) are either Tatpuruṣa or Bahuvrīhi (to be determined by the sense) and should be so dissolved.
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A (अ).—1 P. [अमति, अमितुम्, अमित (amati, amitum, amita) Ved. pres. अमिति (amiti); अमीति (amīti)]
1) To go; to go to or towards.
2) To serve, honour.
3) To sound.
4) To eat.
5) To be pernicious or dangerous; वराहमिन्द्र एमुषम् (varāhamindra emuṣam) Ṛgveda 8.77.1.1 P. or Caus. (āmayati)
1) To come upon, attack, afflict with sickness or pain from disease.
2) To be ill or be afflicted or diseased. With सम् (sam) Ved. 1 A.
1) to convince oneself of, ascertain.
2) to ally or connect oneself with.
3) To fix or settle oneself.
Derivable forms: am (अम्).
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Ā (आ).—The second letter of the Alphabet.
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Ā (आ).—
1) Used as a particle or interjection showing (a) assent; 'yes', 'verily'. (b) Compassion (anukampā) 'Ah'. (c) Pain or regret (usually written ās or aḥ q. v.), 'alas'. (d) Recollection (smaraṇa). 'Ah', 'Oh'; आ एवं किलासीत् (ā evaṃ kilāsīt) Uttararāmacarita 6. (e) But (used as a disjunctive conjunction). (f) And (used as a cumulative conjunction). (g) Sometimes used as an expletive; आ एवं मन्यसे (ā evaṃ manyase). In all these senses आ (ā) is treated as a Pragṛhya vowel (does not form any Sandhi with a following vowel) P.I.1.14. (h) It shows 'anger' also.
2) (As a prefix to verbs and nouns.) (a) it expresses the senses of near, near to, towards, from all sides, all around (see the several verbs). (b) With verbs of motion, taking, carrying &c. it shows the reverse of the action; as गम् (gam) to go, आगम् (āgam) to come; दा (dā) to give, आदा (ādā) to take; नी (nī) to carry, आनी (ānī) to bring.
3) (As a separable preposition with abl.) it shows either (a) the limit inceptive (abhividhi), from, ever since, away from, out of, off, from among; आ मूलात् श्रोतुमिच्छामि (ā mūlāt śrotumicchāmi) Ś.1; बहुभ्य आ (bahubhya ā) from out of many; आ जन्मनः (ā janmanaḥ) Ś.5.25 ever since (her) birth; आ मनोः (ā manoḥ) Uttararāmacarita 6.18. (b) Or, it expresses the limit exclusive or conclusive (maryādā), till, until, upto, as far as, unto; आङ् मर्यादाभिविध्योः (āṅ maryādābhividhyoḥ) P.II.1.13; see अभि- विधि (abhi- vidhi); आ परितोषाद्विदुषाम् (ā paritoṣādviduṣām) Ś.1.2 till the learned are satisfied; आ कैलासात् (ā kailāsāt) Meghadūta 11 upto or as far as Kailāsa; ओदकान्तात् (odakāntāt) Ś.4; Uttararāmacarita 1.37; V.2.2. In this sense आ (ā) sometimes governs the acc.; शतमा जातीः (śatamā jātīḥ) upto a hundred births. (c) In both these senses आ (ā) frequently enters into compound, forming either Avyayībhāva comp. or compound adjectives; आबालं (ābālaṃ) (or ā bālebhyaḥ) हरिभक्तिः (haribhaktiḥ) commencing with or including children; आमुक्ति (āmukti) (or ā mukteḥ) संसारः (saṃsāraḥ) Sk. till final emancipation; आमेखलम् (āmekhalam) Ku. 1.5 as far as; आमरणम् (āmaraṇam) Pañcatantra (Bombay) 1 till death; आगोपालं ननृतुः (āgopālaṃ nanṛtuḥ) K.7 down to the cowherd; आगोपाला द्विजातयः (āgopālā dvijātayaḥ) including the cowherds. Sometimes the compound so formed stands as the first member of other compounds, सोऽ- हमाजन्मशुद्धानामाफलोदयकर्मणाम् । आसमुद्रक्षितीशानामानाकरथवर्त्मनाम् (so'- hamājanmaśuddhānāmāphalodayakarmaṇām | āsamudrakṣitīśānāmānākarathavartmanām) R.1.5; आगण्डविलम्बि (āgaṇḍavilambi) Ś.6.17; आकर्णलम्बि (ākarṇalambi) M.5.1. (d) Used with loc. it has the sense of 'in', 'at' (mostly Ved.); गावो न यवसेष्वा (gāvo na yavaseṣvā) Ṛgveda 1.91.13.
4) With adjectives (or sometimes with nouns) आ (ā) has a diminutive force; आपञ्जर (āpañjara) a. Little red, reddish; आपिञ्जरा बद्धरजःकणत्वान्मञ्ज- र्युदारा शुशुभेऽर्जुनस्य (āpiñjarā baddharajaḥkaṇatvānmañja- ryudārā śuśubhe'rjunasya) R.16.51; आपाण्डुर (āpāṇḍura) a little white, whitish; आलक्ष्य (ālakṣya) Ś.7.18. slightly visible; आकम्पः (ākampaḥ) gentle shaking; so आनील, आरक्त (ānīla, ārakta).
5) (As a separable adverb) आ (ā) chiefly occurs in the Vedas and means near, near to, or towards, there to, further; and also, even; in many cases it emphasizes the word which precedes it, and when placed after prepositions it strengthens their sense. आ प्रगृह्ये स्मृतौ वाक्ये परितापे पितामहे । घटे भावे च आऽस्तु स्यादव्ययं कोपपीडयोः । आङीषदर्थेऽभिव्याप्तौ सीमार्थे धातु- योगजे (ā pragṛhye smṛtau vākye paritāpe pitāmahe | ghaṭe bhāve ca ā'stu syādavyayaṃ kopapīḍayoḥ | āṅīṣadarthe'bhivyāptau sīmārthe dhātu- yogaje) || Nm.
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Ā (आ).—
1) Name of Śiva.
2) Grand father.
Derivable forms: āḥ (आः).
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Ā (आ).—= आम् (ām) q. v.
Derivable forms: ām (आम्).
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Ā (आ).—
1) = आस् (ās) q. v.
2) Name of Lakṣmī (ā). or Brahman.
3) Speech.
4) Boundary. cf. आः स्वयंभूरिभो वाजी खेदः शंकरवासवौ । पारिजातः समः प्राज्ञो निवासश्चणकः सुतः (āḥ svayaṃbhūribho vājī khedaḥ śaṃkaravāsavau | pārijātaḥ samaḥ prājño nivāsaścaṇakaḥ sutaḥ) || Enm.
Derivable forms: āḥ (आः).
A (अ) or An.—(°-), negative prefix: (1) prefixed to finite verbs, as rarely in Sanskrit (Renou p. 175) but rather often in Pali (Critical Pali Dictionary s.v. 7); here not common: apaśyanti Saddharmapuṇḍarīka 324.2; anatikramāmo Mahāvastu ii.80.8; anicchiyati (?) Mahāvastu iii.295.18; see § 23.17; (2) in sense described for Pali in Critical Pali Dictionary s.v. 2, a [compound] in a- following the same word without a-, and preceding a form of kṛ: samitim asamitiṃ kṛtvā Divyāvadāna 41.10, lit. making the assembly no assembly, i.e. quitting the assembly; tasya vacanam avacanaṃ kṛtvā Divyāvadāna 41.28, disregarding his advice. See an-a-.
A (अ).—ind. 1. No, not. 2. A private, prohibitive, and diminutive particle. 3. An interjection of pity. It also implies degrees of difference, and similarity. As a negative prefix to words beginning with a vowel, a is changed to an, as a and anta form ananta.
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A (अ).—m. (aḥ) A name of Vishnu.
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Ā (आ).—The second letter of the alphabet, corresponding to A long, as in far, and written in the Roman character A.
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Ā (आ).—ind. 1. A particle of reminiscence, (ah! oh!) 2. A conjunction disjunctive, (but) 3. A particle of compassion, (ah! alas!) 4. A conjunction copulative, (and.) This particle remains unaltered in orthography even before vowels.
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Ā (आ).—or āṅ A particle, and prefix to words, implying; 1. Diminution, (a little.) 2. Limit inceptive, (from, from thence, or that time.) 3. Limit conclusive, (until, unto, as far as.) 4. Prefixed to verbs it extends or reverses their meaning, as ruha to rise, āruha to ascend, to mount, and gama to go, āgama to come. 5. In composition with nouns it forms indeclinables, either crude, as ājānu to the knee, or with the terminations of the objective or ablative case, as āsamudraṃ or āsamudrāt as far as to the ocean. 6. A particle of menace or of pain, (ah! alas!) this is more correctly written ās E. āp to pervade, to obtain, and ḍāṅ affix, pa is dropped.
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Ā (आ).—m. (āḥ) A name of Mahadeva.
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Ā (आ).—ind. A particle of assent, yes, verily. E. ama to go, kvip affix, a becomes ā
A (अ).—[a-], a negative prefix, corresponding to the á- privative in Greek; see an-,
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Ā (आ).—interj. of reminiscence. Ah! [Prabodhacandrodaya, (ed. Brockhaus.)] 46. 4.
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Ā (आ).—. I. prep. 1. With abl., implying: a. Limit inceptive: From,
A (अ).—1. [pronoun] stem of 3^d [person or personal]
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A (अ).—2. an neg. prefix, corresponding to Gr. ἀ ἀν, Lat. in, Germ. un, etc.
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Ā (आ).—1. [adverb] hither, near, towards ([especially] as a [prefix] to verbs of motion); besides, further; quite, entirely, even (often only emphasizing the [preceding] word). °— a little, slightly, scarcely (in adj. & subst.); reaching to (in adj.); till, as far as, before, from (in [adverb]). As [preposition] towards, up to, till, as far as ([accusative] or [ablative]); except, but, save ([accusative]); all the way or time from ([ablative]); in, at, on ([locative]).
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Ā (आ).—2. [exclamation], [especially] of sudden remembrance.
1) A (अ):—1. a the first letter of the alphabet
2) the first short vowel inherent in consonants.
3) 2. a (pragṛhya q.v.), a vocative particle ([a ananta, O Viṣṇu]), [Tārānātha tarkavācaspati’s Vācaspatyam, Sanskrit dictionary]
4) interjection of pity, Ah!
5) 3. a (before a vowel an, exc. a-ṛṇin), a prefix corresponding to [Greek] ἀ, ἀν, [Latin] in, [Gothic] and [German] un, [English] in or un, and having a negative or privative or contrary sense (an-eka not one; an-anta endless; a-sat not good; a-paśyat not seeing)
6) rarely prefixed to [Infinitive mood] (a-svaptum not to sleep, [Tāṇḍya-brāhmaṇa]) and even to forms of the finite verb (a-spṛhayanti they do not desire, [Bhāgavata-purāṇa; Śiśupāla-vadha]) and to pronouns (a-saḥ not he, [Śiśupāla-vadha]; a-tad not that, [Bhāgavata-purāṇa])
7) occasionally denoting comparison (a-brāhmaṇa like a Brahman, [Tārānātha tarkavācaspati’s Vācaspatyam, Sanskrit dictionary])
8) sometimes disparagement (a-yajña a miserable sacrifice)
9) sometimes diminutiveness (cf. a-karṇa, an-udarā)
10) rarely an expletive (cf. a-kupya, a-pūpa). According to, [Pāṇini 6-2, 161], the accent may be optionally either on the first or last syllable in certain compounds formed with a (as a-tīkṣṇa or a-tīkṣṇa, a-śuci or a-śuci, an-anna or an-anna)
11) the same applies to stems ending in tṛ accentuated on the first syllable before a is prefixed
12) cf. also a-tūrta and a-tūrta, a-bhinna and a-bhinna, etc.
13) 4 the base of some pronouns and [pronominal] forms, in asya, atra, etc.
14) 5. a the augment prefixed to the root in the formation of the imperfect, aorist, and conditional tenses (in the Veda often wanting, as in Homer, the fact being that originally the augment was only prefixed in principal sentences where it was accentuated, whilst it was dropped in subordinate sentences where the root-vowel took the accent).
15) 6. a m. Name of Viṣṇu, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.] (especially as the first of the three sounds in the sacred syllable om).
16) Ā (आ):—1. ā the second vowel of the alphabet corresponding to the a in far.
17) 2. ā ind. a particle of reminiscence, [Pāṇini 1-1, 14; Patañjali]
18) also of compassion or pain [more correctly written 1. ās q.v.], and of assent, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.] ([This particle remains unaltered in orthography even before vowels (which causes it to be sometimes confounded with 1. ās), [Pāṇini 1-1, 14.]])
19) 3. ā m. Name of Śiva, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
20) grandfather, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
21) f. Name of Lakṣmī, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
22) 4. ā (as a prefix to verbs, especially of motion, and their derivatives) near, near to, towards (See ā-√kram etc.; in the Veda, of course, the prefix is separable from the verb; in a few cases, [Ṛg-veda i, 10, 11 and v, 64, 5], a verb in the imperative is to be supplied; with roots like gam, yā, and i, ‘to go’, and 1. dā, ‘to give’, it reverses the action; e.g. ā-gacchati, ‘he comes’; ā-datte, ‘he takes’). (As a [preposition] with a preceding [accusative]) near to, towards, to, [Ṛg-veda]
23) (with a preceding noun in the [accusative], as joṣam or varam) for, [Ṛg-veda]
24) (with a following [accusative]) up to.... exclusively, [Aitareya-brāhmaṇa]
25) (with a preceding [ablative]) from, [Ṛg-veda; Atharva-veda]
26) out of, from among (e.g. bahubhya ā, ‘from among many’), [Ṛg-veda]
27) towards (only in asmad ā, ‘towards us’), [Ṛg-veda]
28) (with a following [ablative] cf. [Pāṇini 2-1, 13 & 3, 10]) up to, to, as far as, [Ṛg-veda; Atharva-veda] etc.
29) from, [Ṛg-veda i, 30, 21]
30) (with a preceding [locative case]) in, at, on [Ṛg-veda; Atharva-veda] (As an [adverb] after words expressing a number or degree) fully, really, indeed (e.g. trir ā divas, ‘quite or fully three times a day’; mahimā vām indrāgnī paniṣṭha ā,, ‘your greatness, O Indra and Agni, is most praiseworthy indeed’, etc.), [Ṛg-veda]
31) (after a [substantive] or [adjective (cf. [masculine, feminine and neuter; or adjective])]) ‘as, like’, (or it simply strengthens the sense of the preceding word), [Ṛg-veda], (after a verb), [Ṛg-veda v, 7, 7; Kena-upaniṣad]
32) (as a conjunctive particle) moreover, further, and (it is placed either between the two words connected [rarely after the second, [Ṛg-veda x, 16, 11], or after both, [Ṛg-veda x, 92, 8]] or, if there are more, after the last [Ṛg-veda iv, 57, 1 and x, 75, 5]; See also ātaś ca sub voce) In classical Sanskṛt it may denote the limit ‘to’, ‘until’, ‘as far as’, ‘from’, either not including the object named or including it (sometimes with [accusative] or [ablative] or forming an [adverb]) e.g. ā-maraṇam or ā-maraṇāt, ‘till death’ [Pañcatantra] (cf. ā-maraṇānta etc.)
33) [ā-gopālā dvijātayaḥ], ‘the twice-born including the cowherds’ [Mahābhārata ii, 531]
34) [ā-samudram] or ā-samudrāt, ‘as far as the ocean’ or ‘from the ocean’ (but not including it)
35) [ā-kumāram], ‘from a child’ or ‘from childhood’ or ‘to a child’ (cf. [Latin] a puero), [Mahābhārata iii, 1403]
36) [ā-kumāram yaśaḥ pāṇineḥ], ‘the fame of Pāṇini extends even to children’
37) [ājānu-bāhu] mfn. ‘one whose arms reach down to the knees’ [Rāmāyaṇa i, 1, 12]
38) (See also ākarṇaand ājanma-)
39) (cf. ā-jarasam, ā-vyuṣam, ā-saptama, otsūryam.) Prefixed to [adjective (cf. [masculine, feminine and neuter; or adjective])] ([rarely to [substantive]; cf. ā-kopa]) it implies diminution, [Pāṇini 2-2, 18] [commentator or commentary] ‘a little’ e.g. ā-piñjara mfn. a little red, reddish, [Raghuvaṃśa xvi, 51]
40) (See also ā-pakva, oṣṇa, etc.) Some commentaries (e.g. [commentator or commentary] on [Raghuvaṃśa iii, 8]) occasionally give to ā in this application the meaning samantāt, ‘all through, completely’, as ā-nīla, ‘blue all round.’
A (अ):—I. The letter ă, the first of the alphabet and the short vowel inherent in every consonant. See akāra. Ii. The pronominal theme which occurs in the declension of idam and is considered as a substitute for idam and etat qq. vv. Iii. ind. (nipāta) A particle, a shorter form of na (see also ana and anā); it is used
1) In composition with nouns, when it implies [a.]) Negation. [b.]) Privation or prohibition. [c.]) Diminution (i. e. a little). [d.]) Deterioration. [e.]) Similarity or comparison; in a few instances it has apparently become an expletive; cf. e. g. kupya and akupya, udāra and anudāra, eḍamūka and aneḍamūka. If the noun begins with a vowel, it assumes the form of an, as a and anta form ananta; this rule is neglected sometimes, if the vowel following the a happen to be a ṛ; e. g. a and ṛṇin form anṛṇin and sometimes aṛṇin.
2) In conjunction with an inflected verb, when it implies blame or reproach; e. g. a karoṣi vai tvaṃ jālma ‘how badly thou dost (it), fool’. Accord. to an artificial E. from at, kṛt aff. ḍa. Iv. ind. (nipāta) An interjection of pity. V. 1. m. (aḥ)
1) Vaiśvānara (in an Upan.).
2) Brahman (m.).
3) Viṣṇu.
4) Siva. 2. n. (am) A name of the (neuter) Brahman.
1) A (अ):—The letter a. A negative, in, un, not. An interjection, O! In composition a a becomes an an before a vowel; as, an_ādi.
2) (aḥ) 1. m. A name of Vishnu.
3) Ā (आ):—The second vowel or ā long called ākār.
4) interj. Oh, ah.
5) prep. Up to, even to.
6) (āḥ) 1. m. Shiva.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
1) A (अ):——the first letter and the first vowel of the Devnagri: alphabet; a prefix signifying negation or absence (of something) as [asuṃdara], [aspaṣṭa]; see [an].
2) Ā (आ) [Also spelled aa]:—the second letter and the second vowel of the Devnagri: alphabet; a Sanskrit prefix used to denote the senses of upto, uptil, from, throughout, along with etc; (Imperative verb intended for youngers or juniors, etc.) come, come on, come forth;—[baila mujhe māra] to ask for it, to ask for trouble.
Aa in Hindi refers in English to:—the second letter and the second vowel of the Devnagri: alphabet; a Sanskrit prefix used to denote the senses of upto, uptil, from, throughout, along with etc; (Imperative verb intended for youngers or juniors, etc.) come, come on, come forth;—[baila mujhe mara] to ask for it, to ask for trouble..—aa (आ) is alternatively transliterated as Ā.
...
Prakrit-English dictionary
Āa (आअ) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Āgata.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
A (ಅ):—
1) [noun] the first letter and the first vowel of the Kannaḍa alphabet;2) [noun] ಅ ಆ ಬಾರದಿದ್ದರೂ ಅಮರವಾದರೂ ಹೇಳು [a a baradiddaru amaravadaru helu] aā bāradiddarū amaravādarū heḷu (prov.) even the illiterate must know the lexicon.
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A (ಅ):—[noun] the first of the three syllables that make the sacred compound-syllable 'ಓಂ [om]'.
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A (ಅ):—[independent] an indeclinable used as an end termination to show report or tradition - 'as they say', 'as reported', 'is it not'.
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A (ಅ):—[independent] an indeclinable termination to verbs to add politeness in addressing (ನೋಡು [nodu]>ನೋಡ, ನೋಡಾ [noda, noda]) the second person in singular number.
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A (ಅ):—[independent] an indeclinable to verbs to make it interrogative.
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A (ಅ):—[independent] a termination to nouns or pronouns to express them in possessive case (the sixth case in Kannaḍa grammar).
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A (ಅ):—[independent] a particle, used at the end, to form personal nouns while compounding (as ಅಯ್ಸರಳು [aysaralu] >ಅಯ್ಸರಳ, ಕಾರೊಡಲ [aysarala, karodala]).
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A (ಅ):—[preposition] a prefix, corresponding to 'in' or 'un' of English, used as a negative particle to mean (a) 'negation', 'absence', (b) distinction, difference, (c) 'bad', 'unfit', (d) 'opposition'.
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A (ಅ):—[noun] a termination of the infinitive (as in ಎಸಗು [esagu]+ಅ=ಎಸಗ [esaga] for ಎಸಗಲು [esagalu]).
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A (ಅ):—[noun] a termination of the third person in the neuter of the negative (as in ಸಲ್ಲ [salla]=ಸಲ್ಲದು [salladu]).
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A (ಅ):—[noun] any of the Hindu trinity, Brahma, Viṣṇu and Śiva.
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Ā (ಆ):—
1) [noun] the second letter of the Kannaḍa alphabet; the second vowel having the same but elongated sound of the first vowel 'ಅ'.
2) [noun] ಆ ಎಂದರೆ ಟ ಎನ್ನಲು ಬಾರದಿರು [a emdare ta ennalu baradiru] ā endare ṭa ennalu bāradiru to be thoroughly ignorant; not to know a B from a battle field.
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Ā (ಆ):—[pronoun] that a) the person or thing mentioned or understood; b) the thing farther away than another referred to as "ಈ" (i.e. this or these); c) the more remote in thought of two contrasted things; d) (relatively) who, whom or which.
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Ā (ಆ):—[adjective] that a) designating the person or thing mentioned or understood; b) designating the thing farther away than the one referred to as 'ಈ" (i.e. this or these); c) designating the more remote in thought of two contrasted things; d) designating something or someone not described but wellknown or easily recognizable.
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Ā (ಆ):—
1) [noun] a sound imitating the sound of (elongated) long vowel.
2) [noun] '''ಆ''; ಆ ಮಾಡು [a madu] ā māḍu (children''s term) to open the mouth widely as to utter the long sound of ''ಆ''.'
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Ā (ಆ):—[interjection] an interjection used to express wonder, pleasure, etc.
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Ā (ಆ):—[pronoun] = ಆಂ [am].
Aā (ಅ-ಆ):—[noun] = ಅ ಆ ಇ ಈ [a a i i].
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Tamil dictionary
A (அ) noun First letter and vowel of the alphabet; நெடுங்கணக்கில் முதலுயிரெழுத்து. [nedunganakkil muthaluyirezhuthu.]
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A (அ) noun Symbol for the number 8, printed without the loop at the top (அ); எட்டென் னும் எண்ணின் குறி. அ உ அறியா [(a); etten num ennin kuri. a u ariya] (யாப்பருங்கலம் விருத்தி [yapparungalam viruthi] 37, உரை [urai]).
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A (அ) particle
1. Demonst.: (a) base of the demonst. pron. expressing the remoter person or thing; ஓர் அகச்சுட்டு. அவனவ ளதுவெனு மவை [or agachuttu. avanava lathuvenu mavai] (சிவஞான போதம் [sivagnana potham] 1); (b) prefix to nouns, expressing remoteness; ஒரு புறச்சுட்டு. அக்கொற்றன் [oru purachuttu. akkorran]; (c) pref expressing world-wide eminence; உலகறிசுட்டு. அத் தம்பெருமான் [ulagarisuttu. ath thamberuman] (சீவகசிந்தாமணி [sivagasindamani] 221).
2. A euphonic augment, as in தமிழப்பிள்ளை; ஒரு சாரியை. [thamizhappillai; oru sariyai.]
3. Neut. pl. noun suffix, as in பல; ஒரு பலவின்பாற் பெயர் விகுதி. [pala; oru palavinpar peyar viguthi.]
4. A gen. ending, followed by a neutral pl., as in என கைகள்; ஆறாம்வேற்றுமை யுருபுகளூ ளொன்று. [ena kaigal; aramverrumai yurupugalu lonru.]
5. Verb ending: (a) neutral pl., as in வந்தன; ஒரு பலவின்பால் வினைமுற்று விகுதி [vanthana; oru palavinpal vinaimurru viguthi]; (b) optative; ஒரு வியங்கோள் விகுதி. அறங்க ளோங்க (கந்தபு. வாழ்த்.) [oru viyangol viguthi. aranga longa (kanthapu. vazhth.)]; (c) verbal participle, as in வர; ஒரு வினையெச்ச விகுதி [vara; oru vinaiyecha viguthi]; (d) relative participle, as in வந்த; ஒரு பெயரெச்சவிகுதி. [vantha; oru peyarechaviguthi.]
6. An expletive, generally in poetry; ஓர் அசைச்சொல். தன்வழிய காளை [or asaichol. thanvazhiya kalai] (சீவகசிந்தாமணி [sivagasindamani] 494).
7. Euphonic prothesis of Sanskritic words beginning with ர [ra], as in அரங்கம். [arangam.] (நன். [nan.] 448.)
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A (அ) (before a vowel அன் [an]) particle < a. Sanskrit prefix implying negation (as in அரூபம் [arupam]), privation (as in அப்பிராமணன் [appiramanan]), or contrariety (as in அதர்மம் [atharmam]); இன்மை யன்மை மறுதலைப் பொ ருள்களில் வரும் ந என்னும் அவ்வியயத்தின் திரிபு. [inmai yanmai maruthalaip po rulkalil varum na ennum avviyayathin thiripu.]
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A (அ) noun < a.
1. Viṣṇu; திருமால். அவ்வென் சொற் பொருளாவான் [thirumal. avven sor porulavan] (பாகவதம் சிசுபா. [pagavatham sisupa.] 20.)
2. Śiva; சிவன். [sivan.] (திருமந். [thiruman.] 1751.)
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Ā (ஆ) Second letter and vowel of the alphabet; இரண்டாமுயிரெழுத்து. [irandamuyirezhuthu.]
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Ā (ஆ) noun Symbol representing the first note of the gamut, usually ஸ; குரலிசையின் எழுத்து. (திவா.) [sa; kuralisaiyin ezhuthu. (thiva.)]
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Ā (ஆ) interjection cf. hā.
1. Ah! expressing pity, regret; ஓர் இரக்கக்குறிப்பு. ஆவம்மா வம்மா வென் னம்மா வகன்றனையே [or irakkakkurippu. avamma vamma ven namma vaganranaiye] (சீவகசிந்தாமணி [sivagasindamani] 1804).
2. Ah! expressing wonder, admiration; அதிசயக்குறிப்பு. ஆகற்றவா கடவானிச் சுனைப்புனமே [athisayakkurippu. agarrava kadavanis sunaippuname] (திருக்கோவையார் [thirukkovaiyar] 60).
3. An exclamation expressive of contempt; ஓர் இகழ்ச்சிக்குறிப்பு. ஆ நன்றாயிருக்கிறது. [or igazhchikkurippu. a nanrayirukkirathu.]
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Ā (ஆ) particle
1. An interrogative term.; ஈற்றில் வரும் வினாவிடைச்சொல். வந்தானா [irril varum vinavidaichol. vanthana]?
2. An affirmative past verbal participle ending; உடன்பாட்டு இறந்தகால வினையெச்சவிகுதி. கல்லாக் கழிப்பர் தலை யாயார் [udanpattu iranthagala vinaiyechaviguthi. kallag kazhippar thalai yayar] (நாலடியார் [naladiyar] 366).
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Ā (ஆ) conj. < ஆவது. [avathu.] Either . . . or; ஆவது. தேவரா . . . அசுரரா வந்து கேட்டிலர் [avathu. thevara . . . asurara vanthu kettilar] (திருவிளையாடற் புராணம் இந்திரன்பழமொழிி. [thiruvilaiyadar puranam inthiranpazhi.] 26).
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Ā (ஆ) [ātal] intransitive verb (past = ஆயினேன், ஆனே ன். [ayinen, ane n.]) [Telugu: Kanarese, Malayalam: ā.]
1. To come into existence; உண்டாதல். [undathal.]
2. To happen, occur; சம்பவித்தல். [sambavithal.]
3. To be done, finished, completed, exhausted; முடிதல். காரியம் ஆகிவிட்டது. [mudithal. kariyam agivittathu.]
4. To be fit, proper, agreeable, congenial, on friendly terms; இணக் கமாதல். இவர்களுக்கும் அவர்களுக்கு மாகாது. [inag kamathal. ivarkalukkum avarkalukku magathu.]
5. To prosper, flourish; விருத்தியாதல். ஆகிறகுடி அரைக் காசால் ஆகும். [viruthiyathal. agiragudi araig kasal agum.]
6. To be; அமைதல். இதற்கிது பொருளாகும். [amaithal. itharkithu porulagum.]
7. To be like, equal; ஒப்பாதல். எனக்காவா ராரொருவர் [oppathal. enakkava raroruvar] (நாலாயிர திவ்யப்பிரபந்தம் இயற். [nalayira thivyappirapandam iyar.] 1, 89).
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Ā (ஆ) [āttal] 11 transitive verb < யா-. [ya-.]
1. To bind. See யாத்தல். [yathal.] (சீவகசிந்தாமணி [sivagasindamani] 1882.)
2. To cause, bring about; அமைத்தல். அடுஞ்சமர மாத்து (பாரதவெண்பா). [amaithal. adunchamara mathu (parathavenpa).]
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Ā (ஆ) noun < ஆ⁶-. [a⁶-.]
1. Becoming; ஆகுகை. இலயித்தவா றுளதா வேண்டும் [agukai. ilayithava rulatha vendum] (சிவஞான போதம் [sivagnana potham] 1, 2).
2. [Telugu: āvu, Kanarese, Malayalam: ā.] Female of the ox, the sombar and the buffalo; பெற்றம், மரை, எருமை இம் மூன்றன் பெண்பாற் பெயர். [perram, marai, erumai im munrandiruvandathi penpar peyar.] (தொல். பொ. [thol. po.] 615.)
3. Bull; இடபம். ஆவார் கொடியாய் [idapam. avar kodiyay] (திருவிளையாடற் புராணம் நரிதிருக்குறள் [thiruvilaiyadar puranam naripari.] 19).
4. Soul; ஆன்மா. ஆதிருக்கச்சிவம் [anma. athirukkachivam] (கம்பரந்தாதி [kambarandathi] 39).
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Ā (ஆ) noun Ebony. See ஆச்சா. ஆவு மாரமு மோங்கின வெங்கணும் [acha. avu maramu mongina venganum] (சிலப்பதிகாரம் அரும்பதவுரை [silappathigaram arumbathavurai] 12, உரைப்பாட்டுமடை [uraippattumadai], 1).
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Ā (ஆ) particle
1. A negative sign, also of pples., as in உண்ணாமை, உண்ணாத, உண்ணாது; எதிர்மறையிடைநிலை. [unnamai, unnatha, unnathu; ethirmaraiyidainilai.]
2. Impers. 3rd person pl. negative verb-ending as in அவைசெல்லா; பலவின் பால் எதிர்மறை வினைமுற்று விகுதி. [avaisella; palavin pal ethirmarai vinaimurru viguthi.]
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Ā (ஆ) noun abbreviation of ஆறு². [aru².] Way, manner; விதம். சிவமான வாபாடி [vitham. sivamana vapadi] (திருவாசகம் [thiruvasagam] 11, 4).
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Ā (ஆ) prefix < ā. As far as, up to; தொ டங்கி அல்லது வரையும் எனப்பொருள்தரும் ஓரு வட மொழி அவ்யயம். ஆபால விருத்தர். ஆகனனமுற [tho dangi allathu varaiyum enapporultharum oru vada mozhi avyayam. apala viruthar. agananamura] (மகாபாரதம் அருச்சு. தீர்த். [magaparatham aruchu. thirth.] 49).
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A (அ) noun < a. Brahmā; பிரமன். [piraman.] (தக்கயாகப்பரணி [thakkayagapparani] 65, உரை. [urai.])
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A (அ) noun cf. அம். [am.] Beauty; அழகு. [azhagu.] (பத்துப்பாட்டு: பெரும்பாணாற்றுப்படை [pathuppattu: perumbanarruppadai] 412, கீழ்க்குறிப்பு. [kizhkkurippu.])
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A (அ) noun (Astrology) Letter representing vallūṟu in pañca-paṭci; பஞ்சபட்சிகளுள் வல்லூறு குறிக்கும் எழுத்து. (பிங்கலகண்டு) [panchapadsigalul valluru kurikkum ezhuthu. (pingalagandu)]
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A (அ) noun (பரிபாசை அகராதி [paripasai agarathi])
1. Dried ginger; சுக்கு. [sukku.]
2. Long pepper; திப்பலி. [thippali.]
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Ā (ஆ) particle (Grammar) A particle denoting negation, as in ceyyāmai; எதிர்மறையைக் குறிக்குஞ் சாரியை. [ethirmaraiyaig kurikkugn sariyai.]
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Ā (ஆ) [ātal] 5 intransitive verb To stand in the relation of, as a friend or a blood relation; உறவுமுறையாதல். அவன் உனக்கு என்ன ஆவன் [uravumuraiyathal. avan unakku enna avan]?
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Ā (ஆ) interjection Interjection expressing (a) sultriness; புழுக்கக்குறிப்பு [puzhukkakkurippu]: (b) recollection; நினைவுக்குறிப்பு. (நாநார்த்த.) [ninaivukkurippu. (nagarthathipigai)]
Aā (அஆ) interjection Ah! expressing pity; ஓர் இரக்கக் குறிப்பு. [or irakkag kurippu.] (நாலடியார் [naladiyar] 9.)
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Āa (ஆஅ) interjection < idem. An exclamation expressive of surprise, pity, grief; அதிசயம் இரக் கம் துக்கம் இவற்றின் குறிப்பு. (பிங்கலகண்டு) [athisayam irag kam thukkam ivarrin kurippu. (pingalagandu)]
Tamil is an ancient language of India from the Dravidian family spoken by roughly 250 million people mainly in southern India and Sri Lanka.
Nepali dictionary
1) A (अ):—pref. (अन् [an ] before vowels) a privative prefix equivalent to 'un-', 'in-', without, 'non-', to express negation;
2) Ā (आ):—n. the second vowel of the Devanagari syllabary; the sound is commonly depicted as /aː/, /a/, /ɑː/, /äː/, and /a/ and /aa/ are adopted in this app as its phonetic symbol;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
Pali-English dictionary
[Pali to Burmese]
1) a—
(Burmese text): လေးဆယ့်တစ်လုံးသော အက္ခရာတို့တွင် အဦး-အစ-ကဏ္ဌဇ-သရ-ရဿ-အက္ခရာ။
တိပိ၊၁၊၁
(Auto-Translation): In the forty-one letters, the beginning-end-segment-division is the letter. Tipi, 1, 1
2) a—
(Burmese text): န＇နိပါတ်၏ အာဒေသ-ပဋိသေဓ (တားမြစ်ခြင်းအနက်ရှိသော)-＇အ＇။ (၁) ဆန့်ကျင်ဖက်။ (၂) ဆုတ်ယုတ်ခြင်း။ (၃) တိုးပွါးခြင်း,ကြီးမြတ်ခြင်း။ (၄) အခြားတစ်ပါး။ (၅) မရှိခြင်း,ကင်းခြင်း။ (၆) ဆိတ်သုဉ်းခြင်း။ (၇) မသင့်လျော်ခြင်း။ (၈) အနည်းငယ်။ (၉) ဖြတ်ခြင်း။ (၁ဝ) မရောယှက်ခြင်း။ (၁၁) အတူ။
(Auto-Translation): The constraints of the concept of 'A' are as follows: (1) Opposition. (2) Recession. (3) Expansion, greatness. (4) Other. (5) Absence, emptiness. (6) Isolation. (7) Inappropriateness. (8) A little. (9) Interruption. (10) Non-confusion. (11) Together.
3) a—
(Burmese text): (ပုဒ်ပြည့်ကာမျှ,နိပါတ်မျှ=တဗ္ဘော) ＇အ＇။
(Auto-Translation): (Complete phrase, as stated = character) 'A'.
4) a—
(Burmese text): အာ-ဥပသာရကို (သံယောဂေပရေ ရဿတ္တံ-နှင့်အညီ) ရဿပြုသော ＇အ＇။
တိပိ၊၁၊၂
(Auto-Translation): 'a' created according to the 'Sanjiva' system. Tipitaka, 1, 2
5) a—
(Burmese text): အာဂုံ (ဟိယျတ္တနီ,အဇ္ဇတ္တနီ,ကာလာတိပတ္တိ-ဟူသော အတိတ် ဝိဘတ်တို့ကြောင့် ဓာတ်၏ အစ၌လာသော) ＇အ＇။
တိပိ၊၁၊၂
(Auto-Translation): Agon (due to the ancient Vibhat known as Hiyattani, Azzattani, Kalatipatthi) 'a'. Tipi, 1, 2
6) ā—
(Burmese text): ＇အာ＇အက္ခရာ၊ ＇အာ＇သရ၊ လေးဆယ့်တစ်လုံးသော အက္ခရာ,ရှစ်လုံးသော သရတို့တွင် နှစ်လုံးမြောက်-လည်ချောင်းအရပ်၌ ဖြစ်သော (ကဏ္ဌဇ)-ရှည်သော အသံဖြင့် ရွတ်ဆိုအပ်သော (ဒီဃ)-နိဂဟိတ်မှတစ်ပါး သုံးဆယ့်နှစ်လုံးသော ဗျည်းတို့၏မှီရာ (နိဿယ) နှစ်လုံးသော ဗျည်းတို့၏မှီရာ (နိဿယ)-အက္ခရာ-သရ။
တိပိ၊၄က၊၁
(Auto-Translation): The letter 'A', the representation of 'A', is described as a long vowel sound that is pronounced with a certain elongation at the throat, which corresponds to the vowels in the two syllables derived from (di) and the thirty-two phonetic elements that relate to the vowel sounds and syllables.
7) ā—
(Burmese text): လိင်,ဓာတ်တို့နောင်-စီရင်အပ်သော-သက်သော-ပစ္စည်းဖြစ်သော အာ။ ၎င်းအာ-ပစ္စည်းသည် (၁) ဣတ္ထိလိင်အဖြစ် ထင်ရှားစေရန် သက်သော (ဣတ္ထိဇောတက) အာပစ္စည်း။ (၂) သမာသ်ပုဒ် အဆုံး၌သက်သော (သမာသန္တ) အာပစ္စည်း။ (၃) ကတ (=ပြုလုပ်အပ်သော အရာဟူသော) အနက်၌ သက်သော တဒ္ဓိတ် အာပစ္စည်း။ (၄) သု-ဓာတ်နောင် (ကတ္တား အနက်၌¿) သက်သော အာပစ္စည်းဟူ၍ ၄-မျိုးရှိသည်။ ဥဒါဟရုဏ် ပုံစံတို့ကား။
တိပိ၊၄က၊၁
(Auto-Translation): "Gender and material substances that are classified as living. These substances can be identified in four ways: (1) As a life form that distinguishes itself as a (substantial) gender. (2) As a living form that exists at the end of the process (which is symmetry). (3) As a living entity with qualities inherent to its nature (i.e., qualities that can be shaped or modified). (4) Also, in terms of natural elements (whether it belongs to the category of the earth), there are four types of living substances."
8) ā—
(Burmese text): ဓာတ်တို့နောင် စီရင်အပ်သော ဝိဘတ်ဖြစ်သော အာ။ ၎င်း-အာဝိဘတ်သည် (၁) အာချာတ်၊ ဟိယျတ္တနီဝိဘတ်,ပရဿပုဒ်,ပဌမပုရိသ်,နာမယောဂ,ဧကဝုစ် အာ-ဝိဘတ်။ (၂) အာချာတ်၊ အဇ္ဇတနီ ဝိဘတ်,အတ္တနော ပုဒ်,ပဌမပုရိသ်,နာမယောဂ,ဧကဝုစ် အာဝိဘတ် ဟူ၍ ၂-မျိုးရှိသည်။
တိပိ၊၄က၊၁
(Auto-Translation): The provided text discusses the "A" which is a type of Vibhatti in grammar. It mentions that there are two forms of "A" Vibhatti: (1) Acharat, Hiyattani Vibhatti, Paratha Puddha, Padhama Purisitha, Namayoga, and Ekawus A-Vibhatti; (2) Acharat, Azzatani Vibhatti, Attano Puddha, Padhama Purisitha, Namayoga, and Ekawus A Vibhatti.
9) ā—
(Burmese text): သဒ္ဒါအစီအရင်ဖြင့် အခြားသော အက္ခရာတို့မှ ပြောင်းလဲလာသော အာသရ၊ (၁) (က) သန္ဓိစပ်ရာ၌ အသရမှ ပြောင်းလဲလာသော အာသရ။ အံ-ကြည့်။ (ခ) ဏ-အနုဗန် ပါရှိသော ပစ္စည်းကြောင့် အသရမှ ပြောင်းလဲလာသော အာသရ။ (ဂ) သင်္ချာအရာ၌ အသရမှ ပြောင်းလဲလာသော အာသရ။ (၂) (က) ဏ-အနုဗန်ရှိသော ပစ္စည်းကြောင့် ဣသရ-မှ ပြောင်းလဲလာသော အာသရ။ (ခ) သင်္ချာအရာ၌ ဣသရမှ ပြောင်းလဲလာသော အာသရ။ (ဂ) ဓာတ်၏စိတ် ဣသရမှ ပြောင်းလဲလာသော အာသရ။ (၃) (က) ဏ-အနုဗန်ရှိသော ပစ္စည်းကြောင့် ဥသရမှ ပြောင်းလဲလာသော အာသရ။ (ခ) ဒွန်သမာသ်အရာ၌ မာတု-စသည်တို့၏ ဥသရမှ ပြောင်းလဲလာသော အာသရ။ (၄) ဩသရမှ ပြောင်းလဲလာသော အာသရ။ (၅) နံ-ဝိဘတ်ကြောင့် တသဗ္ဗနာမ်ပုဒ်မှ ပြောင်းလဲလာသော အာသရ။ (၆) ဥန-သဒ္ဒါမှ ပြောင်းလဲလာသော အာသရ။ အာ-(၄) ကြည့်။ ဤသို့ စသည်ဖြင့် သဒ္ဒါအစီအရင်ဖြင့် ပြောင်းလဲလာသော အာသရတို့မှာ များစွာပင် ရှိပေသည်။ (၇) လာသော (အာဂုံ) အာသရ။
တိပိ၊၄က၊၁+၂
(Auto-Translation): According to the grammatical rules, the variations of the letters stem from different sources: (1) (a) Variations derived from the letter "a." Look at it. (b) Variations that come from "a" due to the presence of non-negative items. (c) Variations that come from "a" in mathematical contexts. (2) (a) Variations derived from "i" due to the presence of non-negative items. (b) Variations that come from "i" in mathematical contexts. (c) Variations derived from "i" as a reaction to substances. (3) (a) Variations derived from "u" due to the presence of non-negative items. (b) Variations that come from "u" in contexts such as mathematics and others. (4) Variations derived from "o." (5) Variations that come from "th" due to the influence of "v." (6) Variations derived from "n." Look at "a" (4). Thus, there are a great many variations that have arisen according to the grammatical rules. (7) The variations stemming from (a-genre). Tick off, 4k, 1+2
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: A.
Starts with: A anwo, A ba dang gui, A bar, A chi duka, A dam bi i me tog, a dkar, a dkar theg pa.
Full-text (+392169): Anna, Asha, Kana, Lata, Kitta, Kala, Ananda, Ghata, Cula, Citta, Atana, Kola, Akara, Kusha, Vijaya, Kakaca, Jara, Magha, Am, Jada.
Relevant text
One of your search terms(=A) exceeds the minimun character amount per search term. This amount currently equals 2.
No search results for A, Ā, Á, Ā ā, A-ā, A-a, Āa, Aā, Aa, Āā, Aaa, Aas, 啊, 嗄, 锕, 阿, 阿阿; (plurals include: Ā ās, ās, as, Aaas, Aases) in any book or story.
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