Trimarmīya (conditions of the bladder, heart and head)

Trimarmīya Vital organ is described to be one hundred seven in number. Of these three important ones are -bladder, heart and head. It is called Trimarmīya. these are important seats of Prana. Apana vāyu gets aggravated in the colon when strongly aggravated, it obstructs the downward moving channels as a result of which the movement of stool, urine and flatus gets gradually obstructed, giving rise to Udāvarta, which is a serious ailment. The treatment of Udāvarta includes Oleation, sudation, decoction-enema, unctuous enema, purgation etc. Regarding the diet of Chardi patients it has been said: barley, Trivṛt, Snuhī, Tila, meat soup etc.

Ānāha is hardness of bowel. The general symptoms of this disease are as follows: cardiac stiffness, heaviness of head, obstruction to eructation. The treatment includes emesis, lightening and digestive foods and drugs.

Mūtrakṛccha or dysuria in human beings is of eight types, viz., due to vāta, pitta, kapha, all three doṣas, due to calculus, due to mixture of semen and urine. When being by their vitiating factors, the three dosas either individually or jointly get aggravated in the urinary bladder, and afflict the urinary passage, then this gives rise to Mūtrakṛccha.

Calculus gets broken into small particles because of aggravated vāyu, then these sand particles come out through the urinary tract along with the urine. The general treatment of dysuria includes massage unctuous enema, non-unctuous enema, urethral douche, unctuous poultice.

The general symptoms of Hṛdroga or cardiac disease are as follows: abnormal complexion, loss of consciousness, cough, dyspnoea, excessive thirst, mental confusion, etc. There are five types of Hṛdaya roga, namely, Vātaja Hṛdroga (due to vāta), Pittaja Hṛdroga, Khapaja Hṛdroga (due to kapha), Sānnipātaja Hṛdroga (due to Sannipāta) and Kṛmija Hṛdroga (due to Kṛmi). The general treatment of Hṛdroga includes Punarṇavādi oil, Harītakyādi ghṛta, purgation, Drākṣādi ghṛta, emesis, fasting, lightening measures, antihelmentic measures, etc.

The general symptoms of Śiroroga and head disease are as follows: Vātika type of head disease, there is excruciating pain, ache, and throbbing sensation; Paittika type of headache is associated with burning sensation and pain; Khapaja type of headache is associated with heaviness; in Sānnipātika headache, which is caused by the simultaneous aggravation of all the three doṣas. Kṛmija Śiroroga gives rise to itching, foul smell, pricking sensation and pain in the head. The general treatment of Śiroroga includes Mayura Ghṛta, Mahāmayura Ghṛta, Baladi lepa and Rāsnādi lepa etc. Mouth disease is four types. Arocaka or Anorexia is caused by Aggravated Vāyu, etc., mental factors like grief fear, excessive greed, anger etc. there are five types of Arocaka. Ear disease caused by the simultaneous aggravation of all the three doṣas. Ear diseases are four types. Eye disease caused by the simultaneous aggravation of all the three doṣas. Eye diseases are four types. The tejas of the body in association with vāyu and other dosas, scorches up the hair-root giving instantaneous rise of alopecia in man. It is called Khālitya. If there is partial scorching, then this gives rise to premature greying of hair and tawny hair. It is called Palita. The treatment of hair diseases includes Manaḥśilādi- Cūrṇa, Mahānīla oil, Sahacarādi oil. Five types of Svarabheda or Hoarseness of voice are as follows: Vātaja (due to Vāta), Pittaja (due to pitta), Khapaja (due to kapha), Raktaja (due to rakta), and Sānnipātaja (all three doṣas involved). The treatment of Svarabheda includes using ghee internally and externally, purgation, Evacuation of doṣa from head etc.^[1]

Footnotes and references:

[1]:

C. Cikitsāsthāna–XXVI. 3-293; Caraka Saṃhitā Vol. II with elaborated Vidyotini Hindi Commentary, trans. Kasinatha Pandey & Gorakha Natha Chaturvedi, Varanasi, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, 2015, pp. 716-765.