Pain, Paiṇ: 11 definitions

Introduction
Image gallery
In Hinduism
1. Shilpashastra
2. Yoga
In Buddhism
1. Tibetan Buddhism
India history
Languages
1. Sanskrit
2. Nepali
See also
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Introduction:

Pain means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

Images (photo gallery)

In Hinduism

Shilpashastra (iconography)

Source: Shodhganga: Elements of Art and Architecture in the Trtiyakhanda of the Visnudharmottarapurana (shilpa)

Pain is associated with the Eye in the shape of an arrow, which follows specific guidelines of ancient Indian Painting (citra), according to the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa, an ancient Sanskrit text which (being encyclopedic in nature) deals with a variety of cultural topics such as arts, architecture, music, grammar and astronomy.—In the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa also, different kinds of eyes and their particular shapes are elaborately discussed in the context of Painting. The fifth variety of eye should be in the shape of a śara i.e., an arrow and the measurement should be ten yavas. This kind of eyes should be attached with the portrait of a person who is in anger or pain.

context information

Shilpashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, śilpaśāstra) represents the ancient Indian science (shastra) of creative arts (shilpa) such as sculpture, iconography and painting. Closely related to Vastushastra (architecture), they often share the same literature.

Yoga (school of philosophy)

Source: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason Birch

Pain is denoted by the Sanskrit term Duḥkha, according to the Amanaska Yoga treatise dealing with meditation, absorption, yogic powers and liberation.—Accordingly, as Īśvara says to Vāmadeva: “[...] [Now], I shall define the nature of that highest, mind-free absorption which arises for those devoted to constant practice. [The Yogin] who has gone to absorption does not know pleasure and pain (duḥkha) [sukhaṃ duḥkhaṃ na jānāti], and he does not meet with hot or cold. He gives no thought to sense objects. [...]”.

context information

Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).

In Buddhism

Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)

Source: Rangjung Yeshe Wiki: Dharma Dictionary

Pain (in Tibetan: sdug bsngal) refers to one of the “Eight (worldly) Dharmas” which are known in Tibetan as chos brgyad.—The Eight Worldly Dharmas attributes: rnyed dang mi rnyed — pleasure at gaining something and displeasure at not gaining the object of desire.

context information

Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.

India history and geography

Source: Singhi Jain Series: Ratnaprabha-suri’s Kuvalayamala-katha (history)

Pain (causing suffering) represents a scene of human life commonly depicted on the Saṃsāracakra paintings in ancient India, as mentioned in the Kathās (narrative poems) such as Uddyotanasūri in his 8th-century Kuvalayamālā (a Prakrit Campū, similar to Kāvya poetry).—Page 185.21 f.: Here follows a description of a printed scroll illustrating the Jaina conception of saṃsāracakra. [...] The saṃsāra-cakra illustrated the three worlds of hell, human world and the world of gods. [For example:] People suffering from many kinds of diseases like fever, pain and burning, and lying on their cots and meeting their deaths, to gather their mourning servants, wives and friends

context information

The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

Languages of India and abroad

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Paiṇ (पैण्).—[(ṛ)paiṇṛ] r. 1st cl. (paiṇati) 1. To go or approach. 2. To command or direct, (an act.) 3. To touch or embrace. 4. To pound or grind.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Paiṇ (पैण्).—peṇ PeṆ, laiṇ LaiṆ, praiṇ PraiṆ, i. 1, [Parasmaipada.] 1. To go. 2. To embrace. 3. To send, or to pound.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Paiṇ (पैण्):—[class] 1. [Parasmaipada] paiṇati, to go;

—to send;

—to embrace, [Dhātupāṭha xiii, 15] (cf. peṇ).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Paiṇ (पैण्):—(ṛ) paiṇati 1. a. To go or approach; to command; to touch or embrace; to pound or grind.

[Sanskrit to German]

Pain in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Nepali dictionary

Source: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary

Paain is another spelling for पाइँ [pāiṃ].—[=पाइँ] n. 1. water; 2. power; energy; 3. enthusiasm; nimbleness; 4. quality; character; 5. arrogance; pride; pompousness; insolence (→ पाइन [pāina] );

context information

Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.

Relevant text

Search found 518 books and stories containing Pain, Paiṇ, Paain; (plurals include: Pains, Paiṇs, Paains). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Post chikungunya arthritis treated with individualised homoeopathy- a case study < [2017: Volume 6, June issue 6]

A study of vitamin d levels in chronic muscle and bone pains < [2015: Volume 4, March issue 3]

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Part 3c - Āstika Darśana (3): Sāṅkhya Darśana < [Introduction]

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Part 4a - Nāstika Darśana (1): Concept Of Nirvāṇa According To Buddhism < [Introduction]

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1. Object of Knowledge (ix) Pain < [Chapter 5 - Uttarabhaga of Tarkabhasa: Contents]

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1. Object of Knowledge (viii) Result < [Chapter 5 - Uttarabhaga of Tarkabhasa: Contents]

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