Mahabharata (English)

by Kisari Mohan Ganguli | 2,566,952 words | ISBN-10: 8121505933

The English translation of the Mahabharata is a large text describing ancient India. It is authored by Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa and contains the records of ancient humans. Also, it documents the fate of the Kauravas and the Pandavas family. Another part of the large contents, deal with many philosophical dialogues such as the goals of life. Book...

Section VIII

"Vaisampayana said, 'O king, having learnt the news from the messengers, Salya, accompanied by a large body of troops and by his sons, all of whom were mighty in battle, was coming to the Pandavas. His encampment covered an area of one and a half yojana, so large was the force owned by that best of men. He was the master, O king, of an Akshauhini and had great prowess and valour. And there were in his army heroes bearing armour of various colours, with diverse kinds of banners and bows and ornaments and cars and animals, all wearing excellent garlands, and various robes and ornaments. And hundreds and thousands of foremost of Kshatriyas were the leaders of his troops, dressed and decorated in the manner of their native land. And he proceeded by slow marches, giving rest to his troops, towards the place where the Pandava was. And the creatures of the earth felt oppressed and the earth trembled under the tread of his troops.

And king Duryodhana, hearing that magnanimous and mighty hero was on his way, hastened towards him and paid him honours, O best of the Bharata race and caused finely decorated places of entertainment to be constructed at different spots for his reception, on beautiful sites, and whither many artists were directed to entertain the guests. And those pavilions contained garlands and meat and the choicest viands and drinks, and wells of various forms, capable of refreshing the heart, and tanks of various forms, and edibles, and roomy apartments. And arriving at those pavilions, and waited upon like a very god by the servants of Duryodhana located at different spots, Salya reached another house of entertainment resplendent as a retreat of the celestials. And there, greeted with choice creature-comforts fit for beings superior to man, he deemed himself superior even to the lord himself of the gods and thought meanly of Indra as compared with himself.

And that foremost of Kshatriyas, well-pleased, asked the servants, saying,

'Where are those men of Yudhishthira, who have prepared these places of refreshment? Let those men who made these be brought to me. I deem them worthy of being rewarded by me. I must reward them, let it so please the son of Kunti!'

The servants, surprised, submitted the whole matter to Duryodhana. And when Salya was exceedingly pleased and ready to grant even his life, Duryodhana, who had remained concealed, came forward and showed himself to his maternal uncle. And the kind of the Madras saw him and understood that it was Duryodhana who had taken all the trouble to receive him. And Salya embraced Duryodhana and said, 'Accept something that you may desire.'

"Duryodhana thereupon said,

'O you auspicious one, let your word be true, grant me a boon. I ask you to be the leader of all my army.'

"Vaisampayana continued, 'And hearing this, Salya said, 'Be it so! What else is to be done?'

And the son of Gandhari repeated again and again, 'It is done.'

And Salya said,

'O Duryodhana, O best of men, go to your own city. I shall proceed to pay a visit to Yudhishthira, the subduer of foes. O king, I shall speedily come back, O ruler of men. That best of men, Pandu’s son Yudhishthira, must, by all means, be visited by me.'

And bearing this Duryodhana said,

'O king, O ruler of the earth, having seen the Pandava, come speedily back. I depend entirely upon you, O king of kings. Remember the boon that you have granted me.'

And Salya answered,

'Good betide you! I shall come speedily back. Repair to your own city, O protector of men.'

And then those two kings Salya and Duryodhana embraced each other. And having thus greeted Salya, Duryodhana came back to his own city. And Salya went to inform the sons of Kunti of that proceeding of his. And having reached Upaplavya, and entered the encampment, Salya saw there all the sons of Panda. And the mighty-armed Salya having met the sons of Panda, accepted as usual water for washing his feet, and the customary gifts of honour including a cow. And the king of the Madras, that slayer of foes, first asked them how they were, and then with great delight embraced Yudhishthira, and Bhima, and Arjuna, and the sons of his sister the two twin-brothers.

And when all had sat down, Salya spoke to Yudhishthira, the son of Kunti, saying,

'O tiger among kings, O you delighter of the race of Kuru, is it all well with you? O best of victors, how fortunately hast you spent the term of your residence in the wilderness, O king, O lord of monarchs, it was an exceedingly hard task that you have performed by dwelling in the wilderness together with your brothers and this noble lady here. And awfully difficult task again was that sojourn of thine,—the period of concealment,—which task also you have performed, O descendant of Bharata; for one pulled down from a throne it is nothing but hardship that awaits him.

O king, where is there any happiness for him! O afflicter of your foes, in compensation for all this vast misery wrought by Dhritarashtra’s son, you will attain to proportional happiness after having killed your foes, O great king, O lord of men, the ways of the world are known to you. Therefore, O my son, you are never guided by avarice in any of your dealings. O descendant of Bharata, do you treat on the foot-prints of ancient saintly kings.

My son, Yudhishthira, be steady in the path of liberality, and self-abnegation, and truth. And, O royal Yudhishthira, mercy and self control, and truth and universal sympathy, and everything wonderful in this world, are to be found in you. You are mild, munificent, religious, and liberal, and you regardest virtue as the highest good. O king, many are the rules of virtue that prevail amongst men, and all those are known to you. O my son, O afflicter of foes, you knowest in fact everything relating to this world. O king, O best of Bharata’s race, how lucky it is that you have come out of this difficulty of thine. How lucky, O king, O foremost of monarchs, O lord, it is that I see you, so virtuous a soul, a treasure-house of righteousness, freed with your followers from this.'

"Vaisampayana continued, 'Then, O descendant of Bharata, the king spoke of his meeting with Duryodhana and gave a detailed account regarding that promise of his and that boon granted by himself. And Yudhishthira said, O valiant king, it has been well-done by you that being pleased at heart you have plighted your truth to Duryodhana. But good betide you, O ruler of the earth, I ask you to do one thing only. O king, O best of men, you will have to do it solely for my sake, though it may not be proper to be done. O valiant one, hear what I submit to you. O great king, you are equal to Krishna on the field of battle. When, O best of kings, the single combat between Karna and Arjuna will take place, I have no doubt you will have to drive Karna’s car. On that occasion, if you are inclined to do good to me, you must protect Arjuna. O king, you must likewise so act that the Suta’s son Karna may be dispirited and the victory may be ours.

Improper it no doubt is; but, O my uncle, for all that you must do it. Salya said,

'Good betide you. Listen, O son of Panda. You tellest me to so act that the vile son of the Suta may be dispirited in fight. To be sure, I shall be his charioteer' on the field, for he always considers me equal to Krishna. O tiger like descendant of Kuru, I shall certainly speak to him, when desirous of fighting on the field of battle, words contradictory and fraught with harm to him, so that bereft of pride and valour, he may be easily slain by his antagonist. This I tell you truly.

Asked by you to do it, this I am determined to do, O my son. Whatever else I may be able to bring about, I shall do for your good. Whatever troubles were suffered by you together with Draupadi on the occasion of the game at dice, the rude inhuman words uttered by the Suta’s son, the misery inflicted by the Asura Jata and by Kicaka, O illustrious one, all the miseries experienced by Draupadi, like those formerly experienced by Damayanti,—will all, O hero, end in joy. You should not be aggrieved at this; for Destiny is all powerful in this world; and, O Yudhishthira, high-minded persons have to endure miseries of various kinds, nay, even the gods themselves, O king, have suffered misfortunes. O king, O descendant of Bharata, it is narrated that the high-minded Indra, the chief of the celestials, had to endure together with his wife very great misery, indeed.'

Conclusion:

This concludes Section VIII of Book 5 (Udyoga Parva) of the Mahabharata, of which an English translation is presented on this page. This book is famous as one of the Itihasa, similair in content to the eighteen Puranas. Book 5 is one of the eighteen books comprising roughly 100,000 Sanskrit metrical verses.

FAQ (frequently asked questions):

Which keywords occur in Section VIII of Book 5 of the Mahabharata?

The most relevant definitions are: Salya, Duryodhana, Yudhishthira, Bharata, Vaisampayana, Panda; since these occur the most in Book 5, Section VIII. There are a total of 30 unique keywords found in this section mentioned 88 times.

What is the name of the Parva containing Section VIII of Book 5?

Section VIII is part of the Udyoga Parva which itself is a sub-section of Book 5 (Udyoga Parva). The Udyoga Parva contains a total of 41 sections while Book 5 contains a total of 4 such Parvas.

Can I buy a print edition of Section VIII as contained in Book 5?

Yes! The print edition of the Mahabharata contains the English translation of Section VIII of Book 5 and can be bought on the main page. The author is Kisari Mohan Ganguli and the latest edition (including Section VIII) is from 2012.

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