Jata, Jāta, Jaṭā, Jaṭa, Jāṭā, Jatā: 40 definitions

Introduction:

Jata means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi, biology, Tamil. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

Alternative spellings of this word include Jaat.

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In Hinduism

Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)

Source: Wikisource: A dictionary of Sanskrit grammar

Jaṭā (जटा).—A kind of Vedic recital wherein each word is repeated six times. जटा (jaṭā) is called one of the 8 kinds (अष्टविकृति (aṣṭavikṛti)) of the Kramapatha, which in its turn is based on the Padapatha; cf. जटा माला शिखा रेखा ध्वजो दण्डो रथो घनः। अष्टौ बिकृतयः प्रोक्ताः क्रमपूर्वा मनीषिभिः । जटा (jaṭā mālā śikhā rekhā dhvajo daṇḍo ratho ghanaḥ| aṣṭau bikṛtayaḥ proktāḥ kramapūrvā manīṣibhiḥ | jaṭā) is defined as अनुलोमविलोमाभ्यां त्रिवारं हि पठेत् क्रमम् । विलोमे पदवत्संधिः अनुलोमे यथाक्रमम् । (anulomavilomābhyāṃ trivāraṃ hi paṭhet kramam | vilome padavatsaṃdhiḥ anulome yathākramam |) The recital of ओषधयः संवदन्ते संवदन्ते सोमेन (oṣadhayaḥ saṃvadante saṃvadante somena) can be illustrated as ओषधयः सं, समोषधयः, ओषधयः सं, सं वदन्ते, वदन्ते सं, सेवदन्ते, वदन्ते सोमेन,सोमेन वदन्ते, वदन्ते सोमेन । (oṣadhayaḥ saṃ, samoṣadhayaḥ, oṣadhayaḥ saṃ, saṃ vadante, vadante saṃ, sevadante, vadante somena, somena vadante, vadante somena |)

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Jāta (जात).—Born or produced there or then; one of the senses in which the tad. affixes, called जातार्थक (jātārthaka), are prescribed by Panini in the sutra तत्र जातः (tatra jātaḥ) and the following; cf. P. IV. 3.25-37.

Vyakarana book cover
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Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.

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Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Jaṭa (जट) refers to a “a cluster of Rudra’s matted hair”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.2.32. Accordingly, as Brahmā narrated to Nārada:—“[...] O sage, on hearing the words spoken by you, Śiva became furious in a trice, Śiva of great fury and valour. Then Rudra, the destroyer of the world, plucked out a cluster of his matted hair (jaṭa) and struck the top of the mountain with it. O sage, the cluster of the matted hair (jaṭa) of the lord split into two, on being struck on the mountain. A loud explosive sound was heard which was as terrific as the sound at the time of dissolution”.

Source: JatLand: List of Mahabharata people and places

Jaṭa (जट) is a name mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. I.144.2) and represents one of the many proper names used for people and places. Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Jaṭa) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.

Purana book cover
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The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

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Ayurveda (science of life)

Nighantu (Synonyms and Characteristics of Drugs and technical terms)

Source: Wisdom Library: Raj Nighantu

Jaṭa (जट) refers to “fibrous roots” (of trees or plants), as mentioned in a list of five synonyms in the second chapter (dharaṇyādi-varga) of the 13th-century Raj Nighantu or Rājanighaṇṭu (an Ayurvedic encyclopedia). The Dharaṇyādi-varga covers the lands, soil, mountains, jungles and vegetation’s relations between trees [viz., Jaṭa] and plants and substances, with their various kinds.

Source: WorldCat: Rāj nighaṇṭu

1) Jaṭā (जटा) is another name for Rudrajaṭā, a medicinal plant identified with Aristolochia indica (Indian birthwort or duck flower) from the Aristolochiaceae or “birthwort family” of flowering plants, according to verse 3.79-81 of the 13th-century Raj Nighantu or Rājanighaṇṭu. The third chapter (guḍūcyādi-varga) of this book contains climbers and creepers (vīrudh). Together with the names Jaṭā and Rudrajaṭā, there are a total of sixteen Sanskrit synonyms identified for this plant.

2) Jaṭā (जटा) is also mentioned as a synonym for Bhūmyāmalakī, a medicinal plant identified with Phyllanthus urinaria Linn. (synonym Phyllanthus niruri Hook f.) or “chamber bitter” from the Phyllanthaceae family of flowering plants, according to verse 5.91-93. The fifth chapter (parpaṭādi-varga) of this book enumerates sixty varieties of smaller plants (kṣudra-kṣupa). Together with the names Jaṭā and Bhūmyāmalakī, there are a total of nineteen Sanskrit synonyms identified for this plant.

Ayurveda book cover
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Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

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Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)

Source: Shodhganga: The significance of the mūla-beras (natya)

Jaṭa refers to “hairlock” which was popularly used in dance, as mentioned in the Cilappatikāram: an ancient epic authored by Ilango Adigal representing an important piece of Tamil literature.—Naṭukalkkāṭai (chapter on the sight of the statue established for Kannaki), in its twenty-eighth canto describes koṭṭicetam. With the taṇḍai (anklet) making sound, playing paṟai, the jaṭa (hairlock) swinging on one side represented Śiva while the cilampu (leg ornament), vala, hip chain, ear-drop, and hair do not move or make sound representing Uma on the other side. This dance of Śiva was danced by the Kūtta Cākkayars representing ardhanāri (half woman and half man) in front of Cheran Chenkuttuvan and his queen Venmalai while they were seated in the moon light.

Natyashastra book cover
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Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).

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Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)

Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram

Jaṭā (जटा) refers to “matted hair”, according to the second recension of the Yogakhaṇḍa of the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—Accordingly, as Bhadrakālī said to Śrīkaṇṭha: “[...] O Śaṃkara, you also displayed this, one of your forms. Thus, O lord Śaṃkara, I wish to see you, Śaṃkara. O Lord, you have appeared (before) in this way by the power of supreme knowledge. (You are) he, the Siddha who has been pierced (by the power of the Command) and, made of universal bliss, is accompanied by Yogeśvarī. He is Śaṃkara’s lord; supreme, he has five faces, three eyes, holds a spear and, adorned with matted hair and crown [i.e., jaṭā-mukuṭa-maṇḍita], (his) divine body is covered with ashes. He is the pervasive lord Ardhanarīśvara”.

Shaktism book cover
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Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

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Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)

Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by Varahamihira

Jaṭa (जट) refers to “twisted hair”, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 11), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “Śveta Ketu is a comet which appears in the east about midnight with its tail pointing to the south. Ka Ketu is a comet of the shape of a carriage pole and appears in the west. Both the above Ketus are seen simultaneously for 7 days. [...] The Śveta Ketu is of the shape of the twisted hair [i.e., jaṭa-ākāra] and of a dull and disagreeable aspect; it travels through a third of the sky and then retraces its steps. When it disappears it leaves only a third of mankind as survivors”.

Jyotisha book cover
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Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.

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Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)

Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions

Jaṭā (जटा) refers to “matted locks”, according to the Guhyasūtra chapter 9.—Accordingly, “[...] [The Lord spoke]:—Wearing half the dress of a woman and half [that of] a man, on one half, he should place [feminine] tresses, on one half, he should wear matted locks (jaṭāardhenaiva jaṭādharaḥ). On one half, there should be a forehead mark; on one half a [forehead] eye. A ring [should be] in one ear; a [pendant] ear-ornament in one ear. [...]”.

Source: SOAS University of London: Protective Rites in the Netra Tantra

Jāta (जात) refers to the “multitude (of all Mantras)”, according to the Netratantra of Kṣemarāja: a Śaiva text from the 9th century in which Śiva (Bhairava) teaches Pārvatī topics such as metaphysics, cosmology, and soteriology.—Accordingly, [verse 22.10cd-13]—“[...] Thus, [the mantra] is called “netra”, because [it] protects. It is called netra [because] it leads to mokṣa. It shall save [the disciple] from the great terror. It is called netra from the roots leading and saving. [Moreover,] it is said to be netra, being that which gives life to all creatures. [Just as netra in the sense of the eye makes everything clear because it illuminates everything, it is also referred to as netrabhūta, from this [comes] all life]. Parameśvara is like the Lord [i.e., the owner or controller] of the entire multitude of all Mantras (samasta-mantra-jāta)”.

Shaivism book cover
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Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.

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Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa)

Source: Universität Wien: Sudarśana's Worship at the Royal Court According to the Ahirbudhnyasaṃhitā

Jāta (जात) refers to a “collections (of mantras)”, according to the Ahirbudhnyasaṃhitā, belonging to the Pāñcarātra tradition which deals with theology, rituals, iconography, narrative mythology and others.—Accordingly, “This Mantra and Yantra are prescribed for Kings alone. Oh Nārada, the collections of mantras (mantra-jātamantrajātāni) serve all general purposes. If the Earth-Master’s ministers are engaged in this worship, they protect the King even in the presence of bad omens [indicating that his life is in danger]”.

Pancaratra book cover
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Pancaratra (पाञ्चरात्र, pāñcarātra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.

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Yoga (school of philosophy)

Source: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason Birch

Jaṭa (जट) (or Jaṭā) refers to “matted locks”, according to the Tantrāloka 4.257cd-258ab.—Accordingly, while discussing the lower and higher teachings of Śaivism: “[The lower Tantras prescribe the wearing of] matted locks (jaṭa), [ashes], and the like, so that by constantly adhering to these rules one may realize one's identity [with Śiva]. [But] the Kaula system forbids these [practices]; for it teaches a method that abjures all austerities”.

Yoga book cover
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Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).

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General definition (in Hinduism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Hinduism

Jata is a sanskrit term which means “plaited hair”.

In Buddhism

Theravada (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Buddhist Information: A Survey of Paramattha Dhammas

Jata means arisen.

Source: Journey to Nibbana: Patthana Dhama

Jati or jata means arising or coming up.

context information

Theravāda is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).

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Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Tibetan Buddhism

Jaṭā (जटा) refers to one of the female Śrāvakas mentioned as attending the teachings in the 6th century Mañjuśrīmūlakalpa: one of the largest Kriyā Tantras devoted to Mañjuśrī (the Bodhisattva of wisdom) representing an encyclopedia of knowledge primarily concerned with ritualistic elements in Buddhism. The teachings in this text originate from Mañjuśrī and were taught to and by Buddha Śākyamuni in the presence of a large audience (including Jaṭā).

Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (tantric Buddhism)

Jaṭā (जटा) refers to “having braids of hair” (stacked up on one’s head), according to the Nāmamantrārthāvalokinī by Vilāsavajra, which is a commentary on the Nāmasaṃgīti.—Accordingly, [while describing Mahāvairocana]—“And then [the Sādhaka should visualise] Mahāvairocana on the principal seat, generated by means of the syllable āḥ. [...] He is white in colour because he has the Dharma-Sphere as his nature. He has braids of hair [stacked up on his head] as a crown (jaṭā-makuṭa-upeta) and is unadorned because he is one whose mind is tranquil. Since he has both wisdom and means as his nature he makes the bodhyagrī (“highest awakening”) hand gesture”.

Source: MDPI Books: The Ocean of Heroes

Jaṭā (जटा) refers to “having twisted locks of hair”, according to the 10th-century Ḍākārṇava-tantra: one of the last Tibetan Tantric scriptures belonging to the Buddhist Saṃvara tradition consisting of 51 chapters.—Accordingly, “[...]  [The Causal Vajra-holder] is white in color, [has] four faces, [has] three eyes [on each], [has] twelve arms, is devoted to the yoga of union with wisdom (his female consort), and is adorned with youthful ornaments. [His four faces are], counterclockwise, white, green, red, and yellow [in color, respectively]. [He has] twisted locks of hair (mukha-jaṭā-makuṭa) and has a crossed vajra and a crescent moon on the face (head). [...]”.

Tibetan Buddhism book cover
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Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.

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Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: archive.org: Bulletin of the French School of the Far East (volume 5)

Jaṭa (जट) [?] (in Chinese: Chö-tch'a) is the name of an ancient kingdom associated with  Maghā or Maghānakṣatra, as mentioned in chapter 18 of the Candragarbha: the 55th section of the Mahāsaṃnipāta-sūtra, a large compilation of Sūtras (texts) in Mahāyāna Buddhism partly available in Sanskrit, Tibetan and Chinese.—Chapter 18 deals with geographical astrology and, in conversation with Brahmarāja and others, Buddha explains how he entrusts the Nakṣatras [e.g., Maghā] with a group of kingdoms [e.g., Jaṭa] for the sake of protection and prosperity.

Source: academia.edu: A Study and Translation of the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā

Jāta (जात) (Cf. Ajāta) refers to “birth”, according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā: the eighth chapter of the Mahāsaṃnipāta (a collection of Mahāyāna Buddhist Sūtras).—Accordingly, “Son of good family, there are eight patiences reflecting on the dharma of the Bodhisattvas. What are the eight? [...] the patience without birth (ajāta) since characters (lakṣaṇa) are unconditioned (asaṃskṛta); (6) the patience without origination since there is no arising and abiding; (7) the patience without being since there is no destruction of things; (8) patience truly as it is since there is no destruction by time. Son of good family, those eight are the patiences reflecting on the dharma of the Bodhisattvas”.

Mahayana book cover
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Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.

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In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: archive.org: Personal and geographical names in the Gupta inscriptions (jainism)

Jāta (जात, “well-born”) is a Prakrit name based on the beauty of the human body, mentioned as an example in the Aṅgavijjā chapter 26. This chapter includes general rules to follow when deriving proper names. The Aṅgavijjā (mentioning jāta) is an ancient treatise from the 3rd century CE dealing with physiognomic readings, bodily gestures and predictions and was written by a Jain ascetic in 9000 Prakrit stanzas.

Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve Reflections

1) Jāta (जात) refers to “produced (by the ocean) (of worldly existence)”, according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “All the connections arising from the ocean of life [com.—bhavasamudra-jāta] are the abode of bad luck for human beings [and] thus, in the end, [the connections] are exceedingly tasteless”.

Synonyms: Prabhava.

2) Jāta (जात) refers to a “multitude (of objects)”, according to the Jñānārṇava.—Accordingly, “Fool, perceiving this multitude of objects (vastu-jātavastujātam idaṃ) that is continually transitory and you do not understand. This is a planet without any medicine”.

Synonyms: Samūha, Prasara, Saṃbhāra, Pracaya, Jāla, Paṭala.

General definition book cover
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Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

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India history and geography

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical Glossary

Jāta.—(EI 2; CII 1), a living being. Note: jāta is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.

India history book cover
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The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

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Biology (plants and animals)

Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)

Jata in India is the name of a plant defined with Asparagus racemosus in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Asparagopsis retrofracta Schweinf. ex Baker (among others).

Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):

· Nouv. Ann. Mus. Paris (1834)
· Tent. Fl. Abyss. (1850)
· South African Journal of Botany (1983)
· Journal of the Linnean Society, Botany (1875)
· Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany (1996)
· Species Plantarum. (1799)

If you are looking for specific details regarding Jata, for example side effects, diet and recipes, chemical composition, pregnancy safety, extract dosage, health benefits, have a look at these references.

Biology book cover
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This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.

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Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Jaṭa, a handle, only in vāsi° (h. of an adze) Vin. IV, 168; S. III, 154=A. IV, 127. (Page 277)

— or —

Jāta, (pp. of janati (janeti), cp. Lat. (g)nātus, Goth. kunds; also Gr. (kasi/—) gnhtόs, Ohg. knabo) 1. As adj. -noun: (a) born, grown, arisen, produced (=nibbatta pātubhūta Nd2 256) Sn. 576 (jātānaṃ maccānaṃ niccaṃ maraṇato bhayaṃ); jātena maccena kattabbaṃ kusalaṃ bahuṃ Dh. 53=Miln. 333; yakkhinī jātâsi (born a G.) J. VI, 337; rukkho j. J. I, 222; latā jātā Dh. 340; gāmanissandhena jātāni sūpeyya-paṇṇāni Vism. 250.—(n.) he who or that which is born: jātassa maraṇaṃ hoti Sn. 742; jātassa jarā paññāyissati J. I, 59; jātaṃ+bhūtaṃ (opp. ajātaṃ abhūtaṃ) It. 37.—(b) “genuine, ” i.e. natural, true, good, sound (cp. kata, bhūta, taccha & opp. ajāta like akata, abhūta): see cpds.—2. As predicate, often in sense of a finite verb (cp. gata): born, grown (or was born, grew); become; occurred, happened Sn. 683 (Bodhisatto hitasukhatāya jāto); bhayaṃ jātaṃ (arose) Sn. 207; vivādā jātā Sn. 828; ekadivase j. (were born on the same day) J. III, 391; aphāsukaṃ jātaṃ (has occurred J. I, 291.—So in Loc. abs. jāte (jātamhi) “when ... has arisen, when there is ... , ” e.g. atthamhi Vin. I, 350=M. III, 154=Dh. 331; vādamhi Sn. 832; oghe Sn. 1092; kahāpaṇesu jātesu J. I, 121.—3. °jāta (nt.) characteristic; pada° pedal character S. I, 86; aṅga° the sexual organ Vin. I, 191; as adj. having become ... (=bhūta); being like or behaving as, of the kind of ... , sometimes to be rendered by an adj. or a pp. implied in the noun: cuṇṇakajātāni aṭṭhikāni (=cuṇṇayitāni) M. III, 92; jālakajāta in bud A. IV, 117; chandajāta=chandika Sn. 767; sujāta Sn. 548 (well-born, i.e. auspicious, blessed, happy); pītisomanassa° joyful & glad Sn. p. 94; J. I, 60, etc.; gandhajāta a kind of perfume (see gandha). Often untranslatable: lābhappatto jāto J. III, 126; vināsa-ppaccayo jāto J. I, 256.—4. a Jātaka or Buddhist birth story DhA. I, 34.

— or —

Jaṭā, (f.) (B. Sk. jatā) tangle, braid, plaiting, esp. (a) the matted hair as worn by ascetics (see jatila) Sn. 249; Dh. 241, 393; J. I, 12 (ajina+); II, 272.—(b) the tangled branches of trees J. I, 64.—(c) (fig.) (the tangle of) desire, lust S. I, 13=165.

Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

jāta : (pp. of jāyati) born; arisen; become; occurred; happened. (nt.), a collection or variety. || jaṭa (nt.) the handle (of a knife, etc.). jaṭā (f.) tangle; planting; matted hair.

Pali book cover
context information

Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

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Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

jaṭa (जट).—f (jaṭā S) The hair matted as worn by the god śiva and by ascetics; the long hairs occasionally clotted together and projecting like a horn from the forehead or falling like a tail over the back and shoulders. 2 m Combination, confederacy, league.

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jaṭā (जटा).—f (S) The same as jaṭa q. v. supra; but in the first sense the ja is j, in the second, dz.

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jata (जत).—f Concert, confederacy, combination: also a confederated or an associated body.

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jāṭa (जाट).—m ( H) A tribe of Rajputs or an individual of it.

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jāta (जात).—f (jāti S) Kind, sort, species, class, tribe. Native or original constitution, nature. Ex. tō aṭa sōḍaṇāra nāhīṃ tyācī jātaca asī. 3 The well known caste of the Hindus, one of the four grand divisions of brāhmaṇa, kṣatriya, vaiśya, śūdra, or of the innumerable minor divisions or distinctions. 4 An iota, tittle, grain, whit, jot; i. e. the abstract genus or kind. Used always with neg. con., and thus equivalent with Not the least imaginable quantity. Ex. tyācē aṅgīṃ śāhaṇapaṇācī jāta nāhīṃ or ābarūcī jāta susuddhāṃ nāhīṃ. 5 n S Multitude or mass; collective number or aggregate quantity. Freely and elegantly used in comp.; but as the instances are too numerous for insertion in order, the few following here should be well studied: vastrajāta Cloth,--all the varieties and individuals comprehended under the name vastra; dhātujāta The metals,--that whole class of substances; śabdajāta Words or sounds,--all existent or conceivable. guṇajāta, arthajāta, dravyajāta &c. āpalē jātīvara karaṇēṃ To do or act simply with one's own abilities or resources. jātīnēṃ By nature, disposition, original constitution. 2 In propriâ personâ; in or by one's own person. Pr. jāta kaḷatī paṇa mata kaḷata nāhīṃ We may tell a man's caste, but his thoughts appear not. jātīvara karaṇēṃ (-ghēṇēṃ-dēṇēṃ- kāḍhaṇēṃ-bhāṇḍaṇēṃ &c.) To do in one's own strength. jātīvara jāṇēṃ or yēṇēṃ To revert or fall back upon one's nature.

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jāta (जात).—a (S) Born, produced, engendered. Used esp. in comp. as vṛkṣajātaphala Tree-born fruit; jalajātakamala The lotos springing from water; lakṣmīpāsūna jāta jō abhimāna tō dāridryānēṃ jātō. When the second member in comp. it signifies Born or sprung from: but as the first member, Born, sprung, produced, arisen unto. Ex. pakṣī jātapakṣa jhālē mhaṇajē āīlā sōḍatāta Birds when fledged or winged leave the mother; jātajvaramanu- ṣyāsa annāvara rucī hōta nāhīṃ A man having a fever loathes food; jātakrōdha, jātakāma, jātalōbha &c. Excited or inflamed with anger, lust, cupidity &c.; krōdhajāta, kāmajāta, lōbhajāta &c. Sprung from or produced by anger, lust, cupidity &c. Other compounds of both classes exist or are formable endlessly. Ex. jātagarbha-bhōjana-abhyaṅga-snāna- saṃskāra-janma-harṣa-śōka-ānanda-viśvāsa-puṣpa-parṇa-pallava- pulaka-rōmāñca-sukha-duḥkha-nāśa.

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jāta (जात).—ad (jāta Kind, species.) An emphatic prefix to adjectives of quality; as jātapāṇḍharā, jāta- pivaḷā, jātamaū Quite or wholly white &c.; whiteness, softness &c. itself.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

jaṭa (जट) [-ṭā, -टा].—f The hair matted. League; con federation.

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jata (जत).—f Concert, combination, confederacy.

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jāṭa (जाट).—m A tribe of Rajputs or an individual of it.

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jāta (जात).—f Kind, sort, species. class, tribe, native constitution, nature. The caste, the four grand divisions or their in- numerable minor divisions. An iota,

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

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Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Jaṭa (जट).—a. [jaṭ-ac; jan uṇā° ṭan antyalopaśca] Wearing twisted locks of hair.

-ṭā [Uṇādi-sūtra 5.3]

1) The hair matted and twisted together, matted or clotted hair; जटाधरणसंस्कारं द्विजातित्वमवाप्य च (jaṭādharaṇasaṃskāraṃ dvijātitvamavāpya ca) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 12.61.3. अंसव्यापि शकुन्तनीडनिचितं बिभ्रज्जटामण्डलम् (aṃsavyāpi śakuntanīḍanicitaṃ bibhrajjaṭāmaṇḍalam) Ś.7.11; जटाश्च बिभृयान्नित्यम् (jaṭāśca bibhṛyānnityam) Manusmṛti 6.6; Mālatīmādhava (Bombay) 1.2.

2) A fibrous root; यत्र मुञ्जावटे रामो जटाहरणमादिशत् (yatra muñjāvaṭe rāmo jaṭāharaṇamādiśat) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 12.122.3.

3) A particular manner of reciting Vedic texts; thus the words नभः रुद्रेभ्यः (nabhaḥ rudrebhyaḥ) repeated in this manner would stand thus :-नमो रुद्रेभ्यो रुद्रेभ्यो नमो नमो रुद्रेभ्यः (namo rudrebhyo rudrebhyo namo namo rudrebhyaḥ)

4) A root in general; ज्ञानविज्ञान- योगेन कर्मणामुद्धरन् जटाः (jñānavijñāna- yogena karmaṇāmuddharan jaṭāḥ) Bhāgavata 3.24.17.

5) A branch.

6) The शतावरी (śatāvarī) plant.

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Jāta (जात).—p. p. [jan kartari kta]

1) Brought into existence, engendered, produced.

2) Grown, arisen.

3) Caused, occasioned.

4) Felt, affected by, oft. in comp.; °दुःख (duḥkha) &c.

5) Apparent, clear.

6) Become, present.

7) Happened.

8) Ready at hand, collected; see जन् (jan).

-taḥ 1 A son, male offspring (in dramas often used as a term of endearment; ayi jāta kathayitavyaṃ kathaya Uttararāmacarita 4 'dear boy', 'oh my darling &c.').

2) A living being.

-tā A daughter, mostly used in addressing; जाते (jāte) 'dear child'

-tam 1 A creature, living being.

2) Production, origin; धन्यः कुन्तीसुतो राजा सुजातं चास्य धीमतः (dhanyaḥ kuntīsuto rājā sujātaṃ cāsya dhīmataḥ) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 7.12.12.

3) Kind, sort, class, species.

4) A collection of things forming a class; निःशेषविश्राणितकोशजातम् (niḥśeṣaviśrāṇitakośajātam) R.5.1 all that goes to form wealth, i. e. every kind of property; so कर्मजातम् (karmajātam) the whole aggregate of actions; सुख° (sukha°) everything included under the name of सुख (sukha) or pleasure; अपत्यजातम् (apatyajātam) 'the brood of young ones'; Ś.5.22.

5) A child, a young one.

6) Individuality, specific condition.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

Jāta (जात).—(-jāta) (= Pali id.; in Sanskrit rarely found, if at all, in just this use; compare [Boehtlingk and Roth] s.v. 1d, end, where it is not cited after an abstract noun except from Lalitavistara), after an abstract noun, become characterized by, full of, equivalent to prāpta (note audbilyaprāpta Saddharmapuṇḍarīka 20.7 = audbilyajāta 61.6 full of joy, joyous), or to an adj. based on the abstract; very common in Pali as in [Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit]; particularly common in both is prīti-saumanasya- (Pali pīti-somanassa-)jāta, full of joy and gladness, Saddharmapuṇḍarīka 60.1; Lalitavistara 58.5; Mahāvastu ii.96.4; 163.20; 237.1; Mahāvyutpatti 2933; Divyāvadāna 297.15; Suvarṇabhāsottamasūtra 9.8, etc.; prīti-prāmodya-j° Saddharmapuṇḍarīka 75.2; Lalitavistara 395.14; harṣa-j° Saddharmapuṇḍarīka 14.1; praharṣa-j° Saddharmapuṇḍarīka 229.13; prasāda-j° Divyāvadāna 75.20; kutūhala-j°, interested, curious, Divyāvadāna 77.25; 466.21; saṃśaya-j°, doubtful, Divyāvadāna 191.5; vega-j°, excited, Lalitavistara 232.9, 14; full of haste, nearly = speedily, Mahāvastu ii.299.13; vegajātu adade (mss. adaye) tṛṇamuṣṭiṃ Mahāvastu ii.399.5 (verse); gaurava-j°, filled with respect, Lalitavistara 410.1; vipratisāra-j°, remorseful, Avadāna-śataka i.90.10; saṃtāpa-j°, afflicted, Lalitavistara 381.1; antaḥśalya-paridāgha-j°, tormented with inner anguish, Mahāvastu i.42.3; krodha-j°, angry, Karmavibhaṅga (and Karmavibhaṅgopadeśa) 45.6; sometimes, when prec. part of the [compound] is a concrete noun, may be rendered like (as in Pali): samaṃ pāṇi- talajātaṃ (buddhakṣetraṃ) Saddharmapuṇḍarīka 202.2 (prose), level, like the palm of the hand. Cf. Aśokan jāta, nt. (Hultzsch 96 n. 5).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Jaṭā (जटा).—f.

(-ṭā) 1. The hair matted as worn by the god Siva, and by ascetics; the long hairs occasionally clotted together, and brought over the head so as to project like a horn from the forehead, at other times allowed to fall carelessly over the back and shoulders. 2. The root of a tree, a fibrous root. 3. Spikenard: see jaṭāmāṃsī. 4. A plant, (Asparagus racemosa.) 5. Cowach. 6. Hedysarum, various species. E. jaṭ to entangle, ac affix; or jan to be produced, ṭan Unadi affix, and the radical final rejected.

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Jāta (जात).—mfn.

(-taḥ-tā-taṃ) 1. Born, engendered. 2. A child, offspring. 3. Apparent, manifest. 4. Produced, caused, occasioned. 5. Felt, entertained. 6. Inspired with, affected by. n.

(-taṃ) 1. Kind, sort, class, species. 2. Multitude, collection. 3. Individuality, specific condition. 4. Birth, production. E. jan to be born, aff. karttari bhāve vā kta .

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Jaṭa (जट).—I. m. = f. (see Ii.), [Harivaṃśa, (ed. Calc.)] 9551. Ii. f. ṭā, 1. The hair matted, as worn by the god Śiva and by ascetics; the long hair occasionally clotted together and brought over the head, so as to project like a horn from the forehead, or allowed to fall carelessly over the back and shoulders, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 6, 6. 2. A braid, Mbh 3, 16137.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Jaṭā (जटा).—[feminine] twisted or matted hair (worn by ascetics and mourners).

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Jāta (जात).—[adjective] born, begot with ([locative]), by ([instrumental] or [ablative]); born-ago, — old (—°); grown, arisen, appeared, happened, passed, become, turned to ([dative]), being, present; often °— (or —°) having born, grown, or existing —, i.e. having got, endowed with, possessed of.

— [masculine] son ([feminine] jātā daughter*), living creature; [neuter] being, creature; birth, origin, race, kind, sort; the whole of, all that is ([genetive] or —°).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Jaṭa (जट):—mfn. wearing twisted locks of hair [gana] arśa-ādi

2) m. metrically for ṭā, [Harivaṃśa 9551]

3) Jaṭā (जटा):—[from jaṭa] a f. the hair twisted together (as worn by ascetics, by Śiva, and persons in mourning), [Pāraskara-gṛhya-sūtra ii, 6; Manu-smṛti vi, 6; Mahābhārata] (ifc. f(ā). , [iii, 16137]) etc.

4) [v.s. ...] a fibrous root, root (in general), [Bhāvaprakāśa v, 111; Śārṅgadhara-saṃhitā i, 46 and 58]

5) [v.s. ...] Name of several plants (= ṭā-vatī, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]; Mucuna pruritus, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]; Flacourtia cataphracta, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]; = ṭā-mūlā, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]; = rudra-jaṭā, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]), [Suśruta v f.]

6) [v.s. ...] Name of a Pāṭha or arrangement of the Vedic text (still more artificial than the Krama, each pair of words being repeated thrice and one repetition being in inverted order), [Caraṇa-vyūha]

7) [from jaṭa] b f. See sub voce ṭa.

8) Jāta (जात):—mfn. (√jan; ifc. [Pāṇini 6-2, 171]) born, brought into existence by ([locative case]), engendered by ([instrumental case] or [ablative]), [Ṛg-veda] etc.

9) grown, produced, arisen, caused, appeared, [ib.]

10) ifc. ([Pāṇini 2-2, 5; Kāśikā-vṛtti; 36], [vArttika] 1; vi, 2, 170) See māsa-, saptāha-, etc.

11) appearing on or in [Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā lii, 5 ff.]

12) destined for ([dative case]), [Ṛg-veda iv, 20, 6; ix, 94, 4]

13) turning to ([dative case]), [Sāhitya-darpaṇa iii, 58/59]

14) happened, become, present, apparent, manifest, [Taittirīya-saṃhitā; Vājasaneyi-saṃhitā] etc.

15) belonging to ([genitive case]), [Ṛg-veda i, 83, 5; viii, 62, 10]

16) ready at hand, [Pañcatantra ii, 16]

17) possessed of ([instrumental case]), [Mahābhārata iv, 379]

18) often ifc. instead of in [compound] ([Pāṇini 2-2, 36 [vArttika] 1; vi, 2, 170 f.]; [gana] āhitāgny-ādi) e.g. kiṇa-, danta-, etc., qq.vv.

19) m. a son, [Ṛg-veda ii, 25, 1; Atharva-veda xi, 9, 6; Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa xiv; Pañcatantra]

20) a living being (said of men, rarely of gods), [Ṛg-veda iv, 2, 2; v, 15, 2; x, 12, 3; Atharva-veda xviii; Vājasaneyi-saṃhitā viii, 36]

21) Name of a son of Brahmā, [Padma-purāṇa v]

22) n. a living being, creature, [Ṛg-veda]

23) birth, origin, [i, 156, 2 and 163, 1; iii, 31, 3]

24) race, kind, sort, class, species, [viii, 39, 6; Atharva-veda] etc.

25) a multitude or collection of things forming a class (chiefly ifc., e.g. karma-, ‘the whole aggregate of actions’ [Manu-smṛti vii, 61/62] sukha-, ‘anything or everything included under the name pleasure’ [Gīta-govinda x, 3]), [Manu-smṛti ix; Mahābhārata] etc.

26) individuality, specific condition (vyakta), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

27) = -karman, [Nārada-saṃhitā]

28) ([impersonal or used impersonally] with double [instrumental case]) it turned out or happened that, [Rājataraṅgiṇī v, 364]

29) Jātā (जाता):—[from jāta] f. a daughter, [Horace H. Wilson]

30) Jāta (जात):—cf. -γετος; [German] Kind; [Lithuanian] gentis.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Jaṭā (जटा):—(ṭā) 1. f. The hair matted as worn by Shiva and ascetics; a fibrous root; spikenard.

2) Jāta (जात):—[(taḥ-tā-taṃ) a.] Born. n. Birth; race; kind; class; multitude.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Jaṭā (जटा) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Jaḍa, Jaḍā, Jāya, Jāyā.

[Sanskrit to German]

Jata in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

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Hindi dictionary

Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

1) Jaṭā (जटा):—(nf) mated or tangled hair; fibrous root; ~[jūṭa] matted hair rolled up over the head; ~[dhārī] wearing matted hair rolled up; an ascetic.

2) Jāṭa (जाट) [Also spelled jaat]:—(nm) a sub-caste of the Hindu community mostly inhabiting western Uttar Pradesh, the Punjab, Rajasthan and Haryana States of the Indian Union; —[marā taba jānie jaba terahavīṃ/satrahavīṃ ho jāye] do not halloo till you are out of the wood.

3) Jāta (जात) [Also spelled jaat]:—(a) born; manifest; (nf) caste; ~[karma/kriyā] the fourth of the sixteen major [saṃskāra]s of the Hindus performed after the child-birth; -[pāṃta] caste, caste and community; ~[mṛta] still-born.

4) Jāta (जात) [Also spelled jaat]:—(nf) self; person; individual, individuality; breed; characteristic quality; -[pāṃta] caste and community.

context information

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Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Jāṭa (ಜಾಟ):—

1) [noun] jugglery a) the art or an act of juggling; sleight of hand; b) trickery; deception.

2) [noun] the use of charms, spells, and rituals in seeking or pretending to cause or control events or govern certain natural or supernatural forces; magic; black magic.

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Jāta (ಜಾತ):—[adjective] brought into life or being; born.

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Jāta (ಜಾತ):—

1) [noun] he who is born.

2) [noun] that which is born, produced, brought into being.

3) [noun] any animal being.

4) [noun] a boy or man in relation to his father or mother; a male offspring.

5) [noun] the act, fact or an instance of (something, someone) coming into life or being; birth.

6) [noun] a large number of persons gathered, came together; a crowd.

7) [noun] a man of noble birth.

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Jātā (ಜಾತಾ):—[noun] a large number of people proceeding in a procession in an organised manner.

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Jātā (ಜಾತಾ):—[adverb] excluding (some or a few).

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

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