Akshauhini, Akṣauhiṇī: 18 definitions
Introduction:
Akshauhini means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit term Akṣauhiṇī can be transliterated into English as Aksauhini or Akshauhini, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
In Hinduism
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Source: Wisdom Library: Śrīmad Devī BhāgavatamOne Akṣauhiṇī (अक्षौहिणी) consists of a large army consisting of 21,870 chariots, as many elephants, 65,610 horses, and 109,350 foot
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Puranic EncyclopediaAkṣauhiṇī (अक्षौहिणी).—A big division of an army. It is described in the Verses 19 to 26 in the 2nd Chapter of Ādi Parva of the Malayalam Mahābhārata. It says thus: One chariot, one elephant, three horses and five soldiers constitute what is termed a Patti. Three such pattis make one Senāmukha and three such senāmukhas make one Gulma. Three gulmas make one Gaṇa and three such gaṇas make one Vāhinī. Three such vāhinīs make one Pṛtanā. An Akṣauhiṇī contains 21870 chariots, an equal number of elephants, 65160 horses and 109350 soldiers.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra)
Source: archive.org: Hindu MathematicsAkṣauhiṇī (अक्षौहिणी) represents the number 11 (eleven) in the “word-numeral system” (bhūtasaṃkhyā), which was used in Sanskrit texts dealing with astronomy, mathematics, metrics, as well as in the dates of inscriptions and manuscripts in ancient Indian literature.—A system of expressing numbers by means of words arranged as in the place-value notation was developed and perfected in India in the early centuries of the Christian era. In this system the numerals [e.g., 11—akṣauhiṇī] are expressed by names of things, beings or concepts, which, naturally or in accordance with the teaching of the Śāstras, connote numbers.
Ganita (गणित) or Ganitashastra refers to the ancient Indian science of mathematics, algebra, number theory, arithmetic, etc. Closely allied with astronomy, both were commonly taught and studied in universities, even since the 1st millennium BCE. Ganita-shastra also includes ritualistic math-books such as the Shulba-sutras.
India history and geography
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical GlossaryAkṣauhiṇī.—(IE 7-1-2), ‘eleven’. Note: akṣauhiṇī is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionaryakṣauhiṇī (अक्षौहिणी).—f S A hundred trillions. 2 An army having its complement of foot, horse, chariots, and elephants.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishakṣauhiṇī (अक्षौहिणी).—f A hundred trillions. An army consisting of foot, horse, chariots, and elephants.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryAkṣauhiṇī (अक्षौहिणी).—[ūhaḥ samūhaḥ saṃvikalpajñānaṃ vā so'syāmasti ini, akṣāṇāṃ rathānāṃ sarveṣāmindriyāṇāṃ vā ūhinī; ṇatvaṃ vṛddhiśca P.VI I.89 Vārt.] A large army consisting of 2187 chariots, as many elephants, 6561 horse, and 1935 foot. अक्षौहिणी (akṣauhiṇī) = 1 अनीकिन्यः (anīkinyaḥ). अनीकिनी (anīkinī) = 3 चम्वः (camvaḥ). चमूः (camūḥ) = 3 पृतनाः (pṛtanāḥ). पृतना (pṛtanā) = 3 वाहिन्यः (vāhinyaḥ). वाहिनी (vāhinī) = 3 गणाः (gaṇāḥ). गण (gaṇa) = 3 गुल्माः (gulmāḥ). गुल्मः (gulmaḥ) = 3 सेनामुखानि (senāmukhāni). सेनामुखम् (senāmukham) = 3 पत्तयः (pattayaḥ). पत्तिः (pattiḥ) = 1 रथः (rathaḥ) + 1 हस्ती (hastī) + 3 अश्वाः (aśvāḥ) + 4 पदातयः (padātayaḥ). cf. एकेभैकरथा त्र्यश्वा पत्तिः पञ्चपदातिका । पत्त्यङ्गैस्त्रिगुणैः सर्वैः क्रमादाख्या यथोत्तरम् ॥ सेनामुखं गुल्मगणौ वाहिनी पृतना चमूः । अनीकिनी दशानीकिन्यक्षौहिणी (ekebhaikarathā tryaśvā pattiḥ pañcapadātikā | pattyaṅgaistriguṇaiḥ sarvaiḥ kramādākhyā yathottaram || senāmukhaṃ gulmagaṇau vāhinī pṛtanā camūḥ | anīkinī daśānīkinyakṣauhiṇī) ...... ()||
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryAkṣauhiṇī (अक्षौहिणी).—f. (-ṇī) A complete army, consisting of 1, 09, 350 foot, 65, 610 horses, 21, 870 chariots, and 21, 870 elephants. E. akṣa a carriage, ūhiṇī assemblage.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryAkṣauhiṇī (अक्षौहिणी).—i. e. akṣa -ūh + in + ī, f. A complete army.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryAkṣauhiṇī (अक्षौहिणी).—[feminine] a (complete) army.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English DictionaryAkṣauhiṇī (अक्षौहिणी):—f. an army consisting of ten anīkinīs, or 21870 elephants, 21870 chariots, 65610 horse, and 109350 foot. (Since an Anīkinī consists of 27 vāhinīs, and 27 is the cube of 3, akṣauhiṇī may be a compound of 2. akṣa and vāhinī; or it may possibly be connected with 1. akṣa, axle, car.)
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Goldstücker Sanskrit-English DictionaryAkṣauhiṇī (अक्षौहिणी):—[tatpurusha compound] f.
(-ṇī) A complete army, consisting of 10 anīkinī or 109,350 foot, 65,610 horse, 21,870 chariots, and 21,870 elephants. E. akṣa and ūhinī.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryAkṣauhiṇī (अक्षौहिणी):—[akṣau+hiṇī] (ṇī) 3. f. A complete army.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Akṣauhiṇī (अक्षौहिणी) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Akkhohiṇī.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryAkṣauhiṇī (अक्षौहिणी):—(nf) in ancient military terminology, it signified a division of army consisting of 21,870 elephants, 21,870 chariots, 65,610 horses and 109,350 foot-soldiers.
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Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusAkṣauhiṇi (ಅಕ್ಷೌಹಿಣಿ):—
1) [noun] a large contingent of army consisting of 21870 elephants, as many chariots, 65610 horse and 109350 foot-soldiers.
2) [noun] according to some, 9000 elephants 900000 chariots, 90000000 horse and 9000000000 foot soldiers.
3) [noun] any army (of any size) in gen.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Full-text (+386): Anikini, Uhini, Pritana, Vahini, Akshoni, Akshohini, Gulma, Ganam, Akkokini, Rakta, Akkhohini, Senamukha, Talajanghaka, Talabhuja, Talagriva, Sudakshina, Akkuroni, Uhin, Akkoni, Patti.
Relevant text
Search found 34 books and stories containing Akshauhini, Akṣauhiṇī, Aksauhini, Akṣauhiṇi, Aksauhinis, Akshauhinis; (plurals include: Akshauhinis, Akṣauhiṇīs, Aksauhinis, Akṣauhiṇis, Aksauhinises, Akshauhinises). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 6.7.31 < [Chapter 7 - The Marriage of Śrī Rukmiṇī]
Verse 6.2.1 < [Chapter 2 - Residence in Śrī Dvārakā]
Verses 6.6.17-19 < [Chapter 6 - The Yādavas’ Victory When Śrī Rukmiṇī is Kidnapped]
Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu (by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī)
Verse 2.1.132 < [Part 1 - Ecstatic Excitants (vibhāva)]
Verse 4.2.9 < [Part 2 - Astonishment (adbhuta-rasa)]
Brahma Purana (critical study) (by Surabhi H. Trivedi)
10. The Army (fourfold classification) < [Chapter 11 - Political Structure]
11. Practice of Warfare < [Chapter 11 - Political Structure]
Mahabharata (English) (by Kisari Mohan Ganguli)
Jnaneshwari (Bhavartha Dipika) (by Ramchandra Keshav Bhagwat)
Verse 18.60 < [Chapter 18 - Moksha-sannyasa-yoga]
Bhagavad Gita (historical background and the context)
Commentary introduction to Chapter 11 < [Chapter 11 - Vishvarupa-darshana-yoga]
Brahma Purana (by G. P. Bhatt)