Shana, Śaṇa, Śana, Sāṇa, Saṇa, Sanā, Sana: 19 definitions

Introduction

Introduction
Image gallery
In Hinduism
In Jainism
1. General definition
India history
Languages
1. Pali
2. Marathi
3. Sanskrit
See also

Introduction:

Shana means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Buddhism, Pali, the history of ancient India, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

The Sanskrit terms Śaṇa and Śana can be transliterated into English as Sana or Shana, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).

Images (photo gallery)

In Hinduism

Rasashastra (chemistry and alchemy)

Source: Wisdom Library: Rasa-śāstra

Śana (शन) is a Sanskrit technical term translating to “jute”, a vegetable fibre commonly used for making cloth. It is used throughout Rasaśāstra literature, such as the Rasaprakāśasudhākara.

context information

Rasashastra (रसशास्त्र, rasaśāstra) is an important branch of Ayurveda, specialising in chemical interactions with herbs, metals and minerals. Some texts combine yogic and tantric practices with various alchemical operations. The ultimate goal of Rasashastra is not only to preserve and prolong life, but also to bestow wealth upon humankind.

Ayurveda (science of life)

Source: Wisdom Library: Āyurveda and botany

Śana (शन) is a Sanskrit word referring to Crotalaria verrucosa (blue rattlepod), from the Fabaceae family. Certain plant parts of Śana are eaten as a vegetable (śāka), according to Caraka in his Carakasaṃhitā sūtrasthāna (chapter 27), a classical Ayurvedic work. The plant is therefore part of the Śākavarga group of medicinal plants, referring to the “group of vegetables/pot-herbs”. The herb is found throughout Asia in countries such as India, Nepal, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. A variant spelling named Śaṇa (शण) is also mentioned in the same list.

Source: WorldCat: Rāj nighaṇṭu

Śaṇa (शण) is the Sanskrit name for a medicinal plant identified with Crotalaria juncea Linn. (“Indian hemp”) from the Fabaceae or “legume” family of flowering plants, according to verse 4.75-76 of the 13th-century Raj Nighantu or Rājanighaṇṭu. Śaṇa is commonly known in Hindi as Sana or Sanāi; in Bengali as Shonpat or Ghoresun; in Marathi as Sana; in Gujurati as Tagā or Sana; and in Telugu as Janumū.

Śaṇa is mentioned as having seven synonyms: Mālyapuṣpa, Vamana, Kaṭutiktaka, Niśāvaṇa, Dīrghaśākha, Tvaksāra and Dīrghapallava.

Properties and characteristics: “Śaṇa is sour (amlarasa) and stringent. It is ecbolic and causes bleeding and vomiting, alleviates the disorders caused due to vitiated vāta and kapha. It relieves severe body-ache”.

context information

Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

General definition (in Hinduism)

Source: archive.org: Vedic index of Names and Subjects

Śaṇa (शण) denotes a kind of ‘hemp’ (Cannabis sativa or Crotolaria juncea). It is mentioned in the Atharvaveda as growing in the forest, and as used like the Jaṅgiḍa as a remedy against Viṣkandha. It also occurs in the Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa.

In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: archive.org: Jaina Yoga

Sana (सन, “hemp”) refers to one of the seventeen varieties of dhānya (“grain”) according to Śvetāmbara tradition and listed in Hemacandra’s 12th century Yogaśāstra (verse 3.95). Dhānya represents one of the classes of the external (bahya) division of attachment (parigraha) and is related to the Aparigraha-vrata (vow of non-attachment).

context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

India history and geogprahy

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical Glossary

Śaṇa.—(LP), linen. Note: śaṇa is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.

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Śāṇa.—name of a weight or coin; a silver coin which was (1/8) of a śatamāna in weight and value; generally regarded as 40 ratis in weight, but sometimes also as 32 or 24 or 20 ratis; also called niṣka, ṭaṅka or dharaṇa or śānaka. See JNSI, Vol. XVI, pp. 42, 44-45. See śāna-pāda. Note: śāṇa is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.

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Śāṇa.—name of a weight or a coin 40 ratis in weight; equal to 4 māṣas; sometimes regarded as 32 ratis and called niṣka and ṭaṅka; rarely also regarded as equal to 24 or 20 ratis. Note: śāṇa is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.

context information

The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra (Pali)

Sāṇa (‘imperfect’) is a rare word. According to the Commentary of the Saṃyutta, it means, etymologically, sa-iṇa, ‘in debt’; in the figurative sense, sa-kilesa, ‘with passions’. The commentary does not specify which ones, but as sāṇa is opposed here to aññā, the perfect knowledge of the saints, we could take it that it is all the passions to be abandoned by seeing the truths, or darśanaheyakleśa (cf. Kośa). The sāṇa would be something like a good worldly person (pṛthagjana) practicing the three śikṣā (high morality, high thought, high wisdom) in view of the destruction of the impurities (saikṣa). The expression saikṣa pṛthagjanakalyāṇaka is time-honored (Divya).

Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

sāṇa : (nt.) hemp; a coarse hempen cloth.

Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Saṇa, (nt.) (Vedic śaṇa; Gr. kάnnabis=Lat. cannabis; Ags haenep=E. hemp; Ger. hanf. ) a kind of hemp D. II, 350 (v. l.); S. I, 115 (do.); cp. sāṇa¹ & sāṇī.

— or —

1) Sāṇa, ² (sa+iṇa) having a debt, indebted, fig. subjected to the kilesas, imperfect M. III, 127=S. II, 221 (=sakilesa, sa-iṇa K. S. II. 203); ThA. 8; cp. anaṇa under aṇa. (Page 702)

2) Sāṇa, ¹ (nt.) (cp. Sk. śāṇa hempen, fr. śaṇa=P. saṇa; cp. bhaṅga¹) hemp D. II, 350; Miln. 267; a coarse hempen cloth Vin. I, 58; D. I, 166; III, 41; M. I, 78; A. I, 240; S. II, 202, 221; Pug. 55; Vism. 54 (°sāṭaka).—sāṇavāka the same Th. 2, 252; J. III, 394 (var. read). (Page 702)

context information

Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

śaṇa (शण).—m (S) Hemp, Cannabis sativa: also Crotolaria juncea or Bengal hemp.

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śāṇa (शाण).—m S A whetstone or grindstone.

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śāna (शान).—f ī or ē ( A) Fineness, showiness, superbness, gaudiness, gorgeousness, garishness, pompousness (of persons, appearances, arrangements, celebrations). 2 Finery, trickery, gaudery.

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śāna (शान).—ind See śānē.

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saṇa (सण).—m A holiday. See under utsāha. Pr. saṇīṃ ghugaṛyā avadiśīṃ puṛyā Expresses eccentric inversion of common-life proprieties. 2 The feasting and festivities observed on a holiday. Pr. rīṇa kāḍhūna saṇa karaṇēṃ. 3 Victuals or undressed corn given on the festivals of divāḷī, dasarā &c. to the family barber, washerman, and others: also presents (of cloth or ornaments) made on such occasions to one's relatives.

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saṇa (सण).—m (śaṇa S) Bengal hemp, Crotolaria juncea.

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sana (सन).—n ( A) An age or a period. The word occurs only in documents, records, and similar writings; as sana 1823 In the year 1823.

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sāṇa (साण).—f The appropriate spot for the palkhi of hōḷī dēvī (the goddess or Rakshasi presiding over the hōḷī) on the day of burning the hōḷī.

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sāṇa (साण).—f ē R (Commonly sahāṇa) A grindstone or whetstone. 2 A levigating slab.

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sāṇā (साणा).—m The spot where a ferryboat plies, a ferry.

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sāṇā (साणा).—m R (śāṇa S or from sāṇa) A grindstone or whetstone.

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sāṇā (साणा).—m (śāhaṇā Cunning, knowing.) A person set, on the part of one of the sharers, to watch over a field of corn, sugar-works &c., the joint property, to prevent fraudulent appropriation by any of the other sharers: also a person set by the landholder, as a watch over his tenant, from the cutting of his grain, sugarcane &c. until the thrashing, squeezing, and final disposing of it:--that he may not be defrauded of the portion his due.

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sāna (सान).—a (Poetry.) Little, small, tiny: also little or small generally. Ex. tukā mhaṇē sāna || vhāvē lāhānāhūna lāhāna ||; also hara viśēṣa viṣṇu sāna.

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sānā (साना).—a (Poetry.) Little or small. See sāna.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

śāna (शान).—f Fineness, pompousness. Finery.

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saṇa (सण).—m A holiday, festival. The feasting and festivities observed on a holi- day. Ex. ṛṇa kāḍhūna saṇa karaṇēṃ. Victuals or corn given on the festivals of divāḷī, dasarā, &c. to the family barber &c.

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sana (सन).—m An age of a period.

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sāṇa (साण).—f A grind-stone, whet-stone; a levigating slab.

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sāṇā (साणा).—m A ferry. A grind-stone. A person set to watch over one's share.

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sāna (सान).—a Little, tiny. sānā a Little or small.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Śaṇa (शण).—Hemp.

Derivable forms: śaṇam (शणम्).

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Śana (शन).—a. Quiet, soft, calm.

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Śāṇa (शाण).—a. (-ṇī f.) [शणेन निर्वत्तम् अण् (śaṇena nirvattam aṇ)] Hempen, flaxen.

-ṇaḥ 1 A touch-stone; मणिः शाणोल्लीढः (maṇiḥ śāṇollīḍhaḥ) Bh.2.44; Bv.1.73.

2) A whetstone.

3) A saw.

4) A weight of four Māṣas; अष्टौ शाणाः शतमानं वहन्ति (aṣṭau śāṇāḥ śatamānaṃ vahanti) Mb.3.134.15.

-ṇam 1 Sack-cloth, coarse cloth.

2) A hempen garment; सर्वं च तान्तवं रक्तं शाणक्षौमाविकानि च (sarvaṃ ca tāntavaṃ raktaṃ śāṇakṣaumāvikāni ca) Ms.1.87;2.41.

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Śāna (शान).—

1) A touch-stone.

2) A whet-stone.

Derivable forms: śānaḥ (शानः).

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Sana (सन).—

1) The flapping of an elephant's ears.

2) Presenting, offering; आदौ सनात् स्वतपसः च स चतुःसनोऽभूत् (ādau sanāt svatapasaḥ ca sa catuḥsano'bhūt) Bhāg.2.7.5.

-nam Ved. Food.

Derivable forms: sanaḥ (सनः).

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Sanā (सना).—ind. Always, perpetually.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

Sana (सन).—[, in a [compound] list of names of trees Lalitavistara 11.2 (prose), tinduka-sana-karṇikāra-(…vṛkṣopasobhite); but Tibetan asana, = Sanskrit id., which read (°tindukāsana°).]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Śaṇa (शण).—n. (-ṇa) 1. Hemp, (Cannabis sativa) 2. Bengal San, a plant from which a kind of hemp is prepared, (Crotolaria juncea and other kinds.) 3. An arrow. E. śaṇ to give, aff. ac .

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Śāṇa (शाण).—mfn.

(-ṇaḥ-ṇī-ṇaṃ) Made of or from Bengal flax or San. mf. (-ṇaḥ-ṇī) 1. A touchstone. 2. A whet or grindstone. 3. A weight of four Mashas. 4. A saw. n.

(-ṇaṃ) 1. Coarse cloth, sack-cloth, canvas. 2. A hempen garment. f. (-ṇī) 1. Ragged or torn raiment. 2. A new unseamed and single-breadth of cloth, given to the religious student at his investiture for his upper garment. 3. A ragged garment given to the Jaina ascetic at his initiation. 4. A small tent or sereen, used especially as a retiring room for actors and tumblers, &c. 5. Gesture, gesticulation, making sings with the hands or eyes, &c. 6. A saw. 7. A touchstone. 8. A whetstone. E. śaṇ to give, aff. ghañ; or śo to sharpen, and ṇa aff.; or śaṇa San, and aṇ aff. of derivation.

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Śāna (शान).—m.

(-naḥ) 1. A touchstone. 2. A grindstone. f. (-nī) A sort of cucumber. E. śo to make small or sharpen, aff. lyuṭ; also śāṇa .

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Sana (सन).—mf. (-naḥ-nī) The flapping of an elephant’s ears. m.

(-naḥ) 1. A plant, commonly Ghantaparali. 2. A tree, (Pentaptera tomentosa.) f. (-nī) 1. Gauri. 2. Light, lustre. E. ṣan to give, or serve, aff. ac .

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Sanā (सना).—Ind. Always, eternally, perpetually. E. ṣan to serve, āc aff.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Śaṇa (शण).—n. 1. Hemp, Mahābhārata 3, 16350. 2. Bengal San, a plant from which a kind of hemp is prepared, Crotalaria juncea. 3. (for *śarṇa, i. e. śṛ10 + na), An arrow.

— Cf. [Old High German.] hanaf. [Anglo-Saxon.] haenep (borrowed).

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Śāṇa (शाण).—A. i. e. śaṇa + a, I. adj. Made of Bengal San, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 2, 41. Ii. f. ṇī. 1. Ragged garment. 2. A new unseamed and single breadth of cloth, given to the religious student at his investiture. Iii. n. Coarse cloth, canvass. B. (from vb. śo, cf. śāna), m., and f. ṇī. 1. A whet or grindstone, [Bhartṛhari, (ed. Bohlen.)] 2, 36 (read śāṇoº). 2. A touchstone.

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Śāna (शान).—i. e. śo + na, m. 1. A grindstone. 2. A touchstone.

— Cf. [Anglo-Saxon.] haenan, lapidare.

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Sanā (सना).—[sa + nā] (properly an old instr. sing. of sana; cf. sanad). adv. Always, perpetually.

— Cf. [Anglo-Saxon.] sin.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Śaṇa (शण).—[masculine] a kind of hemp.

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Śāṇa (शाण).—1. [feminine] ī hempen; [masculine] & [feminine] ī a hempen garment.

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Śāṇa (शाण).—2. [masculine] ā [feminine] grindor touchstone.

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Śāṇa (शाण).—3. [masculine] ā [feminine] a cert. weight.

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Sana (सन).—1. [adjective] old, ancient; [Name] of a Ṛṣi etc.

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Sana (सन).—2. [masculine] gain, acquisition; offering, handing over.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Śaṇa (शण):—m. ([cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.] also n.) a kind of hemp, Cannabis Sativa or Crotolaria Juncea, [Atharva-veda] etc. etc., an arrow, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

2) Śana (शन):—([probably] connected with √śam), quiet, calm, soft (only in [instrumental case] [plural] śanais q.v.)

3) Śāṇa (शाण):—1. śāṇa m. (or f(ā). ; [from] √śo cf. śāna) a whetstone, grindstone, touchstone, [Kāvya literature; Rājataraṅgiṇī]

4) a saw, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

5) 2. śāṇa m. (or f(ā). ) a weight of four Māṣas, [Harivaṃśa; Bhāvaprakāśa]

6) 3. śāṇa mf(ī)n. ([from] śaṇa) made of hemp or Bengal flax, hempen, flaxen, [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa] etc. etc.

7) m. or n. a hempen garment, [Gautama-dharma-śāstra]

8) Śāna (शान):—[from śān] m. (cf. 1. śāṇa) a whetstone, grindstone, touchstone, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

9) Sana (सन):—[from san] 1. sana m. (for 2. See p. 1141, col. 1) gain, acquisition (in ahaṃ-sana and su-ṣaṇa, qq.vv.)

10) [v.s. ...] presenting, offering, [Bhāgavata-purāṇa]

11) 2. sana mf(ā)n. (derivation doubtful; for 1. See p. 1140, col. 3) old, ancient (am ind. ‘of old, formerly’), [Ṛg-veda; Atharva-veda]

12) lasting long, [Bhāgavata-purāṇa]

13) m. Name of a Ṛṣi (one of the four or seven spiritual sons of Brahmā; cf. sanaka), [Mahābhārata; Harivaṃśa]

14) cf. [Latin] senex, senior; [Lithuanian] sénas; [Gothic] sinista.

15) Sanā (सना):—[from sana] a ind. ([gana] svar-ādi) from of old, [Ṛg-veda; Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa]

16) Sana (सन):—3. sana m. the flapping of an elephant’s ears, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

17) Bignonia Suaveolens or Terminalia Tomentosa (cf. 2. asana), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

18) Sanā (सना):—b sanāt etc. See [column]1.

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

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