Sangama, Saṅgama, Saṅgamā, Saṃgama, Sāṃgama, Saṅgāma, Samgama, Samgama: 29 definitions

Introduction
In Hinduism
1. Purana
2. Vyakarana
3. Kavya
4. Shaktism
5. Yoga
6. Shaivism
7. Ayurveda
In Buddhism
1. Theravada
In Jainism
1. General definition
Languages
1. Pali
2. Marathi
3. Sanskrit
4. Hindi
5. Prakrit
6. Kannada
7. Nepali
See also
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Introduction:

Sangama means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

In Hinduism

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: Wisdom Library: The Matsya-purāṇa

Saṅgamā (सङ्गमा) is the name of a mind-born ‘divine mother’ (mātṛ), created for the purpose of drinking the blood of the Andhaka demons, according to the Matsya-purāṇa 179.8. The Andhaka demons spawned out of every drop of blood spilled from the original Andhakāsura (Andhaka-demon). According to the Matsya-purāṇa 179.35, “Most terrible they (e.g., Saṅgamā) all drank the blood of those Andhakas and become exceedingly satiated.”

The Matsyapurāṇa is categorised as a Mahāpurāṇa, and was originally composed of 20,000 metrical verses, dating from the 1st-millennium BCE. The narrator is Matsya, one of the ten major avatars of Viṣṇu.

Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Saṃgama (संगम) refers to the “junctions (of the wheels and axles)” (of a chariot), according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.5.8 (“The detailed description of the chariot etc.”).—Accordingly, as Sanatkumāra narrated to Vyāsa: “The divine chariot of lord Śiva consisting of all the worlds was built by Viśvakarman with devoted effort. [...] The year constituted its velocity. The two Ayanas northern and southern constituted the junctions of the wheels and axles (cakra-saṃgama). The Muhūrtas constituted the joints and the Kalās the pins of the yoke. The division of time Kāṣṭhā constituted the nose of the chariot and the Kṣaṇas the axle-shaft. The Nimeṣas constituted the bottom of the carriage and the minutest divisions of time constituted the poles. [...]”.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index

1) Saṅgama (सङ्गम).—The period from six to twelve nālikas in the day.^*

* Vāyu-purāṇa 56. 46.

2) Saṅgamā (सङ्गमा).—A mind-born mother.^*

* Matsya-purāṇa 179. 21.

context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)

Source: Wikisource: A dictionary of Sanskrit grammar

Saṃgama (संगम).—Combination of things coming one after another; cf. उदात्तपूर्वोप्य-नुदात्तसंगमः (udāttapūrvopya-nudāttasaṃgamaḥ) where the term is used with respect to a combination of grave syllables; cf. also व्यञ्जनसंगमं संयोगं विद्यात् (vyañjanasaṃgamaṃ saṃyogaṃ vidyāt), R. Pr. XVIII. 19.

context information

Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.

Kavya (poetry)

Source: Wisdom Library: Kathāsaritsāgara

Saṅgama (सङ्गम) is the name of a warrior who participated in the war between Śrutaśarman and Sūryaprabha, according to the Kathāsaritsāgara, chapter 50. Accordingly: “... when the arena of combat was cleared from the obscuring dust by the sprinkling of bloody drops, there took place on it the single combats of furious champions... [There Vītabhī fought with Saṅgama]...”.

The story of Saṅgama was narrated by the Vidyādhara king Vajraprabha to prince Naravāhanadatta in order to relate how “Sūryaprabha, being a man, obtain of old time the sovereignty over the Vidyādharas”.

The Kathāsaritsāgara (‘ocean of streams of story’), mentioning Saṅgama, is a famous Sanskrit epic story revolving around prince Naravāhanadatta and his quest to become the emperor of the vidyādharas (celestial beings). The work is said to have been an adaptation of Guṇāḍhya’s Bṛhatkathā consisting of 100,000 verses, which in turn is part of a larger work containing 700,000 verses.

context information

Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.

Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)

Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram

1) Saṅgama (सङ्गम) refers to “union” (viz., union of the god with the goddess), according to the second recension of the Yogakhaṇḍa of the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—Accordingly, “[...] Once the Lord of the gods, the Lord of the Lord of Passion had spoken thus, he desired union [i.e., saṅgama] with the goddess by the power of the divine Command. Maheśvarī enjoyed the sport of love and, in (her) eighth birth she enjoyed their mutual passion. [...]”.

2) Saṅgama (सङ्गम) refers to the “junction (of rivers)”, according to the Ṣaṭsāhasrasaṃhitā, an expansion of the Kubjikāmatatantra: the earliest popular and most authoritative Tantra of the Kubjikā cult.—Accordingly, “He whose mind is (centred) in a cremation ground, (a solitary place where there is just) a single tree, the junction (of rivers) [i.e., saṅgama], a mountain cave, (or) a forest should delight (in spiritual discipline) in these places. This (teaching) should (also) always be given to the devout soul (bhaktātman) whose duty is (to serve) the teacher, the deity and the fire in the sacrifice (he performs in his) home”.

Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram

Saṃgama (संगम) refers to “union”, according to the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—Accordingly, “Abundance, knowledge of the transmission, the perception (which comes from) scripture, unflinching strength, union (saṃgama), increase in wealth; (all this) is on the plane free of thought”.

context information

Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

Yoga (school of philosophy)

Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (yoga)

Saṃgama (संगम) (Cf. Yoga) refers to the “union” (of Bindu and Rajas), according to the Amṛtasiddhi, a 12th-century text belonging to the Haṭhayoga textual tradition.—Accordingly, “Know bindu to be of two kinds, male and female. Semen (bīja) is said to be the male [bindu] and rajas (female generative fluid) is female. [...] Know bindu to be made of the moon and rajas to be made of the sun. Their union (saṃgama) is to be brought about in the very inaccessible multi-storeyed palace”.

Source: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason Birch

Saṅgama (सङ्गम) refers to “associating (with the wise)”, according to the Haṭhapradīpikā of Svātmārāma: an influential 15th-century Sanskrit manual on Hatha-Yoga dealing with techniques to channel one’s vital energy.—Accordingly, while discussing methods for conquering the mind: “Acquiring spiritual knowledge, associating with the wise (sādhu-saṅgama), abandoning habitual tendencies and stopping the movement of the breath; according to tradition, [all] these methods are effective in conquering the mind. The [mind] is quickly overcome by these [methods of restraint] like the dust of the earth by streams [of water]”.

context information

Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).

Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)

Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions

Saṃgama (संगम) (Cf. Saṃga) refers to “having sex”, according to the 13th-century Matsyendrasaṃhitā: a Kubjikā-Tripurā oriented Tantric Yoga text of the Ṣaḍanvayaśāmbhava tradition from South India.—Accordingly, “[Devī spoke]:—O God, what kind of a woman is a Yoginī? Who is Māyā and who is Pāśavī? Tell me, O Bhairava, the pros and cons of having sex (saṃgama) with them. [Bhairava spoke]:—A woman who is on the Kula Path [of the Yoginī clans], who avoids the path of bound souls [i.e. the path of the uninitiated], who is elevated by intoxication induced by liquor, and is free of the bonds that fetter the soul, and whose mind is filled with the bliss of wine, is [called] a Yoginī in Śiva’s teaching”.

context information

Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.

Ayurveda (science of life)

Toxicology (Study and Treatment of poison)

Source: Shodhganga: Kasyapa Samhita—Text on Visha Chikitsa

Saṅgama (सङ्गम) refers to a “meeting point (of rivers)”, as taught in the Kāśyapa Saṃhitā: an ancient Sanskrit text from the Pāñcarātra tradition dealing with both Tantra and Viṣacikitsā—an important topic from Āyurveda which deals with the study of Toxicology (Agadatantra or Sarpavidyā).—The Kāśyapasaṃhitā mentions that snake-bites that happen in certain places [like a meeting point of rivers (sindhu-saṅgama)] are highly inimical to the victim.

context information

Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

In Buddhism

Theravada (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Pali Kanon: Pali Proper Names

A king of Magadha. Buddhaghosas father, Kesi was his purohita. Gv.66.

context information

Theravāda is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).

In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve Reflections

Saṃgama (संगम) refers to the “meeting (of beloved women)”, according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “The meeting of beloved women (saṃgama—saṃgamaṃ vallabhānāṃ) is like a city in the sky. Youth or wealth is like a mass of clouds. Relations, children and bodies, etc. are perishable as lightning. You must understand that the whole action of the cycle of rebirth is thus momentary”.

context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

saṅgāma : (m.) fight; battle.

Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Saṅgāma, (fr. saṃ+*gam: see grāma; lit. “collection”) a fight, battle D. I, 46; II, 285; M. I, 86, 253; S. I, 98; IV, 308 sq.; A. I, 106; II, 116; III, 94; Vin. I, 6; It. 75; Sn. 440; Nd² 199; Pug. 68; J. I, 358; II, 11; Miln. 332; Vism. 401. Cp. vijita°.

— or —

Saṅgama, (fr. saṃ+gam) 1. meeting, intercourse, association Sn. 681; J. II, 42; III, 488; V, 483.—2. sexual intercourse M. I, 407; J. IV, 106. (Page 666)

context information

Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

saṅgama (संगम).—m (S) Meeting, union, junction, the coming and proceeding harmoniously together; e. g. the confluence of rivers; the junction of roads; the consociation of persons; the concert or coäptation of schemes, measures, efforts, dispositions &c. 2 In astronomy. Planetary conjunction.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

saṅgama (संगम).—m Meeting, junction; the con- fluence of rivers; the junction of roads; the consociation of persons, the concert of schemes. (In astro- nomy) Planetary conjunction.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Saṃgama (संगम).—

1) Meeting, union; आवहति धार्यमाणः संगममचिरात् प्रियजनेन (āvahati dhāryamāṇaḥ saṃgamamacirāt priyajanena) V.4.65; R.12.66.9.

2) Association, company, society, intercourse; as in सद्भिः संगमः (sadbhiḥ saṃgamaḥ).

3) Contact, touch; गात्रसंगमात् (gātrasaṃgamāt) R.8.44.

4) Sexual union or intercourse; अयं स ते तिष्ठति संगमोत्सुकः (ayaṃ sa te tiṣṭhati saṃgamotsukaḥ) Ś.3.13; R.19.33.

5) Confluence (of rivers); गंगायमुनयोः संगमे (gaṃgāyamunayoḥ saṃgame) V.5.

6) Fitness, adaptation.

7) Encounter, fight.

8) Conjunction (of planets).

Derivable forms: saṃgamaḥ (संगमः).

--- OR ---

Sāṃgama (सांगम).—Union, meeting; cf. संगम (saṃgama).

Derivable forms: sāṃgamaḥ (सांगमः).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Saṅgama (सङ्गम).—m.

(-maḥ) 1. Meeting, union, mixture, junction, the encounter of persons, the association of friends or lovers, the confluence of rivers, the fitness or adaptation of two things to each other, &c. 2. (In astronomy,) Planetary conjunction. 3. Touch, contact. 4. society, company. 5. Sexual intercourse. 6. Fitness, adaptation. E. sam together, like, suitably, gama going: see also saṅga, saṅgata, saṅgati, &c.

--- OR ---

Sāṅgama (साङ्गम).—m.

(-maḥ) Union, meeting. E. saṅgama the same, aṇ pleonasm.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Saṃgama (संगम).—i. e. sam-gam + a, m. 1. Meeting, [Pañcatantra] iii. [distich] 127; acquiring, [Pañcatantra] ii. [distich] 197. 2. Confluence of rivers, [Uttara Rāmacarita, 2. ed. Calc., 1862.] 49, 5. 3. Association, attendance, [Hitopadeśa] i. [distich] 113, M. M.; union, [Vikramorvaśī, (ed. Bollensen.)] [distich] 33; [Pañcatantra] ii. [distich] 184; company, Böhtl. Ind. Spr. 1212. 4. Touch, [Hitopadeśa] iii. [distich] 20; mixture.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Saṃgama (संगम).—[masculine] coming together, meeting (as friends or foes), union (also sexual), association, intercourse with ([instrumental] ±saha, [genetive], or —°); contact, relation, connection.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Saṃgama (संगम):—[=saṃ-gama] [from saṃ-gam] m. (or n. [gana] ardharcādi; ifc. f(ā). ) coming together, meeting (in a friendly or hostile manner), union, intercourse or association with ([instrumental case] with and without saha [genitive case], or [compound]), [Ṛg-veda] etc. etc.

2) [v.s. ...] connection or contact with ([instrumental case] or [compound]; with anarthena, ‘coming to harm’, ‘injury’), [Rāmāyaṇa; Kāmandakīya-nītisāra]

3) [v.s. ...] sexual union, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

4) [v.s. ...] confluence (of two rivers as of the Ganges and the Jumnā, or of a river, at its mouth, with the ocean; such confluences are always held sacred, [Religious Thought and Life in India 347]), [Yājñavalkya; Mahābhārata] etc.

5) [v.s. ...] conjunction (of planets), [Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā]

6) [v.s. ...] harmony, adaptation, [Horace H. Wilson]

7) [v.s. ...] point of intersection, [Golādhyāya]

8) [v.s. ...] an uninterrupted series of ([compound]), [Ṛgveda-prātiśākhya]

9) [v.s. ...] acquirement of ([genitive case]), [Pañcatantra]

10) Sāṃgama (सांगम):—[from sāṃgatika] m. = saṃ-gama, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Saṅgama (सङ्गम):—(maḥ) 1. m. Union, association, confluence; planetary conjunction.

2) Sāṅgama (साङ्गम):—(maḥ) 1. m. Union, meeting.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Saṃgama (संगम) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Saṃgama.

[Sanskrit to German]

Sangama in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Hindi dictionary

Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

Saṃgama (संगम) [Also spelled sangam]:—(nm) a confluence; union; junction, juncture; federation; ~[na] meeting, coming together.

context information

...

Prakrit-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary

1) Saṃgama (संगम) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Saṃgama.

2) Saṃgāma (संगाम) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Saṅgrāma.

3) Saṃgāma (संगाम) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Saṅgrāma.

context information

Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.

Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Saṃgama (ಸಂಗಮ):—

1) [noun] a coming together of people; a meeting, intercourse.

2) [noun] a flowing togehter of two or more streams or rivers.

3) [noun] a place where two or more streams or rivers join together.

4) [noun] (esp. ) the Sangama or Kūḍalasaṃgama where the rivers Kṛṣṇe and Malaprabhe join together.

5) [noun] a name of Śiva whose shrine is situated at there.

6) [noun] name of a holy place of confluence of the rivers Gange, Yamune and the supposed subterranean Sarasvati, (near Allahābād, in Uttara Pradesh); Prayāga.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

Nepali dictionary

Source: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary

Saṅgama (सङ्गम):—n. 1. meeting; union; 2. association; company; society; fellowship; 3. contact; touch; 4. confluence;

context information

Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.

Relevant text

Search found 55 books and stories containing Sangama, Saṅgama, Saṅgamā, Saṃ-gama, Saṃgama, Sāṃgama, Sāṅgama, Sam-gama, Saṅgāma, Samgama, Samgama, Saṃgama, Saṃgāma; (plurals include: Sangamas, Saṅgamas, Saṅgamās, gamas, Saṃgamas, Sāṃgamas, Sāṅgamas, Saṅgāmas, Samgamas, Saṃgāmas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

A consideration of Mahisagara Samgama Tirtha < [Purana, Volume 9, Part 1 (1967)]

Discussion on the Kalki Purana < [Purana, Volume 10, Part 2 (1968)]

Amplification of the Vedas by the Dharmasastra, Itihasa and Puranas < [Purana, Volume 4, Part 1 (1962)]

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Chapter 16 - Indra-tīrtha or Ahalyā-saṅgama-tīrtha

Chapter 30 - Kadrū-saṅgama and Suparṇā-saṅgama Tīrtha

Chapter 62 - Holy Centres Yakṣiṇīsaṅgama etc.

+ 14 more chapters / show preview

Verse 2.1.40 < [Chapter 1 - Vairāgya (renunciation)]

Verse 1.3.59 < [Chapter 3 - Prapañcātīta (beyond the Material Plane)]

Verse 1.7.150-151 < [Chapter 7 - Pūrṇa (pinnacle of excellent devotees)]

+ 1 more chapters / show preview