Sandra, Sāndra, Samdra: 25 definitions
Introduction:
Sandra means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Ayurveda (science of life)
Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)
Sāndra (सान्द्र) refers to “thickly painted (spots)”, according to the 15th century Mātaṅgalīlā composed by Nīlakaṇṭha in 263 Sanskrit verses, dealing with elephantology in ancient India, focusing on the science of management and treatment of elephants.—[Cf. chapter 2, “on favorable marks”]: “9. Whose body is variegated with spots like one thickly painted (sāndra) with vermilion [sindūrasāndrasamabinduvicitritāṅgaḥ], provided with eighteen or twenty toenails (cf. verse 3) curved like a tortoise and moon-colored, gifted with strength, spirit, and fortitude, also characterized by fragrance of the water he spurts from his trunk, such an elephant is worthy of a king”.
Agriculture (Krishi) and Vrikshayurveda (study of Plant life)
1) Sāndra (सान्द्र) refers to the “slimy” type of Niryāsa (“exudation”) part of plants; representing a technical term related to the morphology branch of “plant science”, which ultimately involves the study of life history of plants, including its origin and development, their external and internal structures and the relation of the members of the plant body with one another.—The vṛkṣāṅga-sūtrīya-adhyāya, i.e., the chapter of the bījotpatti-kāṇḍa of Parāśara’s Vṛkṣāyurveda deals with various parts of plants, e.g., Exudation (niryāsa). In trees, creepers, shrubs when their branches, leaves etc. are cut off or their trunk is damaged by the sharp instrument, a kind of exudation comes out. It is called niryāsa. Exudation, according to their nature has different physical properties. Some may have free flowing watery fluid. Others may be frothy; slimy (sāndra); again others may be milky juice i.e. latex. Sometimes, they even may be sticky or oleo-resinous. The former is devoid of oil, while the latter is an inflammable substance
2) Sāndra (सान्द्र) or Sāndrasneha refers to the “solidifying” type of Sneha (“oleaginous”) principle of plants.—The leaf (patra), flower (puṣpa), heartwood (sāra), seeds (bīja), etc. and also exudates (niryāsa) in some plants contain “oleaginous substance” (sneha). These oleaginious properties are named according to their respective origin. The Oleaginious substances (sneha) are of two kinds, viz. liquid (virala) and solid (sāndra). The oleaginous substances that do not congeal by exposure to cold are called virala-sneha. Whereas the other variety that gets solidified on exposure to cold because of soma-guṇa are called sāndra-sneha.
Unclassified Ayurveda definitions
Sāndra (सान्द्र, “dense” or “thick”).—One of the twenty Gurvādiguṇa, or, ‘ten opposing pairs of qualities of drugs’.—Sāndra is the characteristic of a drug referring to the ‘thickness’, while its opposing quality, Drava, refers to its ‘fluidity’. It is a Sanskrit technical term from Āyurveda (Indian medicine) and used in literature such the Caraka-saṃhitā and the Suśruta-saṃhitā.
The quality of Sāndra, present in drugs and herbs, increases the Kapha (bodily fluids, or ‘phlegm’). It exhibits a predominant presence of the elements Earth (pṛthivī).
Sāndra (सान्द्र):—Thickness / dense; one of the 20 gurvadi guna; caused due activated prithvi; denotes physiological & pharmacological density; nourishes; the property of the substance which causes viscosity and visidity
Sāndra (सान्द्र, “dense”) and Drava (“liquid”) refers to one of the ten counterpart-couples of the twenty Śārīraguṇa (or Gurvādiguṇa), which refers to the “twenty qualities of the body”—where guṇa (property) represents one of the six divisions of dravya (drugs).—Śārīraka-guṇas are twenty in number. There are ten guṇas with their opposite guṇas. [...] Sāndra (“dense”) has the predominant bhūta (element) of earth, water and the associated actions of “solidifying/prasādana”; while Drava (“liquid”) has the predominant bhūta (element) of water and is associated with the action “liquifying/viloḍana”.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Sāndra (सान्द्र, “intense”) refers to a musical expression corresponding with śobhī (brilliant), the ninth word of the elā composition (prabandha).—A sound which moves in the higher octave in a close connection with the text syllables is intense (sāndra).
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Sāndra (सान्द्र) refers to “(that which is) steeped (in joy)”, according to the King Vatsarāja’s Pūjāstuti called the Kāmasiddhistuti (also Vāmakeśvarīstuti), guiding one through the worship of the Goddess Nityā.—Accordingly, “[...] I seek refuge with the glorious goddess Sundarī, the benefactress of prosperity, the secret heart, whose heart is soaked with compassion. She is blazing with an utmost tenacity steeped in joy (ānanda-sāndra), and consequently beaming with plenteous light that shimmers spontaneously. [...]”.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Sāndra (सान्द्र) refers to “thickening” (of a paste), according to the 13th-century Matsyendrasaṃhitā: a Kubjikā-Tripurā oriented Tantric Yoga text of the Ṣaḍanvayaśāmbhava tradition from South India.—Accordingly, “[Visualisation of Śakti]:—[...] The tilaka-mark on her forehead is made with musk thickened (sāndra) with camphor. She has lotus-eyes. She is adorned with rings, armlets, anklets, necklaces etc. Her beautiful lotus face resembles the spotless moon. Her mouth is filled with betel. Her breasts are like golden jars. [...]”.
Sāndra (सान्द्र) refers to “unctuous”, according to the Svacchanda-tantra.—Accordingly, [verse 7.223-224]—“He should visualize a white, very dense, unctuous (sāndra) Amṛta, which destroys death and himself [when he is] flooded and filled with it He should visualize his entire body flooded with nectar entering through the openings and apertures of his channels, which are set in the stem of the lotus”.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Yoga (school of philosophy)
Sāndra (सान्द्र) refers to “intense (bliss)”, according to the 17th-century Yogacintāmaṇi by Śivānandasarasvatī, a text dealing with Haṭhayoga consisting of 3423 verses.—Accordingly, “Having bowed to Śrīvyāsa, the ascetic Śaṅkara, the teacher of the world, [my] teacher Śrīrāmacandra, whose lotus feet are intense bliss (sāndra-ānanda-padāmbuja), and all of the gods of yogins, the ascetic Śivānanda has written clearly the great Yogacintāmaṇi, which had fallen into an ocean of various texts and has the power to explain everything”.
Sāndra (सान्द्र) refers to “intense (bliss)”, according to the 17th century Yogacintāmaṇi by Śivānanda: a large compilation of roughly 3423 verses dealing with the various methods of (Haṭha) Yoga and Aṣṭāṅgayoga.—Accordingly, “Having bowed to the venerable Vyāsa; the ascetic, Śaṅkara, [who is] the guru of the world; [his own] guru, the venerable Rāmacandra, whose lotus feet are intense bliss (sāndra-ānanda), and all the lords of yoga, the ascetic Śivānanda has written clearly the Yogacintāmaṇi [which] is derived from an ocean of various scriptures and is capable of [conveying] their entire meaning”.
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
Biology (plants and animals)
Sandra in the Telugu language is the name of a plant identified with Senegalia chundra (Roxb. ex Rottler) Maslin from the Mimosaceae (Touch-me-not) family having the following synonyms: Acacia chundra, Mimosa chundra, Acacia sundra. For the possible medicinal usage of sandra, you can check this page for potential sources and references, although be aware that any some or none of the side-effects may not be mentioned here, wether they be harmful or beneficial to health.
1) Sandra in India is the name of a plant defined with Acacia catechu in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Senegalia catechu (L.f.) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb. (among others).
2) Sandra is also identified with Acacia chundra It has the synonym Acacia catechu (L.f.) Willd. var. sundra (Roxb.) Prain (etc.).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Species Plantarum.
· The forest flora of North-West and Central India (1874)
· Plant-Book
· Numer. List (5227)
· Journal of Economic and Taxonomic Botany (1981)
· Flora of Taiwan (1993)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Sandra, for example health benefits, pregnancy safety, extract dosage, side effects, chemical composition, diet and recipes, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
sāndra (सांद्र).—a S Compact, dense, clustering together, close-set;--as pales, houses, trees: closeandfirm; -as cloth or a texture: deep or intense;-as darkness: thick, coarse, crass, gross; not loose, open, rare, tenuous, dilute &c.--in numerous applications.
sāndra (सांद्र).—a Compact, dense.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Sāndra (सान्द्र).—a.
1) Close, compact, having no interstices.
3) Coarse, gross, thick, dense; दुर्वर्णभित्तिरिह सान्द्रसुधा- सवर्णा (durvarṇabhittiriha sāndrasudhā- savarṇā) Śiśupālavadha 4.28,64;9.15; R.7.41; Ṛtusaṃhāra 1.2.
3) Clustered together, collected.
4) Stout, strong, robust.
5) Excessive, abundant, much; सान्द्रानन्दक्षुभितहृदयप्रस्रवेणाव- सिक्तः (sāndrānandakṣubhitahṛdayaprasraveṇāva- siktaḥ) Uttararāmacarita 6.22.
6) Intense, strong, vehement; व्याप्तान्तराः सान्द्रकुतूहलानाम् (vyāptāntarāḥ sāndrakutūhalānām) R.7.11; Śiśupālavadha 9.37.
7) Unctuous, oily, viscid.
8) Bland, soft, smooth.
9) Pleasing, agreeable.
-dram 1 A heap, clustor.
2) A thicket, wood.
Sāndra (सान्द्र).—mfn.
(-ndraḥ-ndrā-ndraṃ) 1. Thick, coarse, gross. 2. Soft, smooth, bland. 3. Pleasing, agreeable. 4. Much, abundant. 5. Unctuous, viscid, oily. 6. Close, compact, not having interstices. 7. Stout, robust. 8. Clustering, collected. 9. Excessive, vehement. n.
(-ndraṃ) 1. A wood, a thicket. 2. A heap, a cluster. E. sa for saha with, together, adi to bind, rak aff.
Sāndra (सान्द्र).—I. adj. 1. Thick, coarse, gross, [Caurapañcāśikā] 12; [Ṛtusaṃhāra] 1, 20; intense, [Śiśupālavadha] 9, 15; 22. 2. Stout, robust. 3. Much, abundant, [Mālatīmādhava, (ed. Calc.)] 60, 13. 4. Vehement, Böhtl. Ind. Spr. 830; Da- śak. in
— Cf. probably .
Sāndra (सान्द्र).—[adjective] thick, dense, violent, intense, soft, bland; crowded with, full of ([instrumental] or —°).
1) Sāndra (सान्द्र):—mf(ā)n. (of unknown derivation) viscid, unctuous, oily, [Suśruta]
2) thick, solid, compact, dense, [Kāvya literature; Kathāsaritsāgara; Purāṇa]
3) strong, vehement intense, [Kālidāsa; Daśakumāra-carita; Prabodha-candrodaya]
4) studded or crowded with, full of ([instrumental case] or [compound]), [Naiṣadha-carita; Prabodha-candrodaya]
5) smooth, soft, bland, tender, [Kālidāsa; Vāsavadattā]
6) n. a wood, thicket, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
7) a heap, cluster, [Horace H. Wilson]
Sāndra (सान्द्र):—[(ndraḥ-ndrā-ndraṃ) a.] Thick; stout; abundant; dense; oily; soft; pleasing; compact. n. A thicket; a heap or cluster.
Sāndra (सान्द्र):—
1) adj. (f. ā) = ghana [Amarakoṣa 3, 2, 15.] [Trikāṇḍaśeṣa 3, 3, 378.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 1447.] [Medinīkoṣa r. 97.] [Halāyudha 4, 32.] a) dickflüssig, zäh (Gegens. tanu, drava) [Suśruta 1, 84, 6. 151, 5. 173, 9. 2, 370, 3.] kapha [491, 18.] vasti [202, 15.] ati [1, 33, 5. 2, 74, 1.] — b) dick, dicht überh.: ibhacarman [Śiśupālavadha 4, 64.] Wolken [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 10, 20, 4.] [PAÑCAR. 3, 11, 3.] saṃśuṣkasāndramadalekhamiva kariṇaḥ kapolam [Mṛcchakaṭikā 7, 25.] vilepana [Spr. (II) 2528.] anulepana [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 10, 42, 4.] kuṅkuma [75, 15.] sudhā [Śiśupālavadha 4, 28.] candana [Oxforder Handschriften 146,b, No. 311.] rajas [Raghuvaṃśa 7, 38.] ketakīnāṃ parāgaḥ [MĀLATĪM. 127, 14.] sindūra Comm. zu [Naiṣadhacarita 22, 45.] tuṣāra [Ṛtusaṃhāra 5, 3.] hima [Spr. (II) 2788.] tuhina [Prabodhacandrodaja 13, 13.] amṛtavarṣa [MĀLATĪM. 60, 13.] sāndrāmṛtaiḥ kaṭākṣapātaiḥ [VṚTTARATNĀV. im Journ. asiat. 4me sér. 11, 519.] Bäume [Spr. (II) 6154.] [morgenländischen Gesellschaft 27, 34.] [Ṛtusaṃhāra 6, 15, v. l.] Tropfen [Caurapañcāśikā 12.] [Oxforder Handschriften 130], b, 31. Dunkelheit. Finsterniss [Śiśupālavadha 9, 22] (tama). [Mallinātha] zu [Śiśupālavadha 4, 67.] [Rājataraṅgiṇī 3, 399.] Schatten [kāvyādarśa 2, 209.] adv.: kāśmīradravasāndradigdhavapus [Spr. (II) 7417.] — c) stark, heftig, intensiv: candramasaścandrikā [Spr. (II) 4890.] [Śiśupālavadha 9, 15.] vimarda [Ṛtusaṃhāra 1, 20.] kutūhala [Raghuvaṃśa 7, 11.] sneha [Spr. (II) 2102.] ānanda [Kathāsaritsāgara 14, 28.] [Prabodhacandrodaja 1, 8.] [Sāhityadarpana 63, 16.] kāruṇya [Oxforder Handschriften 9], a, [9 v. u.] ādara [Daśakumāracarita 77, 9.] āmoda [Dhūrtasamāgama 69, 4.] adv. : sāndrasnigdha [Amarakoṣa 3, 1, 30.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 476.] [Meghadūta 97, v. l.] sāndrataram adv. [Śiśupālavadha 9, 37.] — d) dicht besetzt mit, dicht erfüllt —, voll von (instr. oder im comp. vorangehend) [Oxforder Handschriften 17,a, No. 63,] [Śloka 14.] sindūra [Naiṣadhacarita 22, 45.] ānanda [Prabodhacandrodaja 1, 11. 41, 2. 98, 2.] [Oxforder Handschriften 28], b, 27. 187, b, [5 v. u.] — e) weich, zart [Trikāṇḍaśeṣa] [Medinīkoṣa] sparśa (māruta) [Mālavikāgnimitra 39.] = snigdha, manojña [Śabdaratnāvalī im Śabdakalpadruma] —
2) n. Wald [Trikāṇḍaśeṣa] [Medinīkoṣa]
Sāndra (सान्द्र) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Saṃda.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Sāṃdra (सांद्र) [Also spelled sandar]:—(a) concentrated, thick; strong; solid; stereo; ~[tā] concentration, thickness; strength; solidity.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Sāṃdra (ಸಾಂದ್ರ):—
1) [adjective] having the parts crowded together; packed tightly together; compact.
2) [adjective] very plentiful; more than sufficient; ample; abundant.
3) [adjective] strongly built or based; muscular or sturdy; robust.
4) [adjective] not hard or harst; soft.
5) [adjective] sticky; viscous.
6) [adjective] providing comfort or ease; comfortable; cozy.
--- OR ---
Sāṃdra (ಸಾಂದ್ರ):—
1) [noun] the quality of being dense and compact; density.
2) [noun] the quality of being intense; intensity.
3) [noun] a (dense) forest.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+7): Samdrani, Samdranikallu, Samdrate, Sandrabindu, Sandraha, Sandrakutuhala, Sandramani, Sandrameha, Sandramehin, Sandramutra, Sandran, Sandranakha, Sandrananda, Sandrapada, Sandraprasadameha, Sandrapushpa, Sandras, Sandrasambhava, Sandrasnigdha, Sandrasparsha.
Full-text (+36): Sandrapushpa, Sandrata, Sandrapada, Sandrasparsha, Sandrasnigdha, Sandrameha, Sandrakutuhala, Asandra, Sandramani, Sandrataram, Sandramehin, Sandramutra, Sandrananda, Sandratama, Sandratva, Sandratara, Natisandra, Gunasamdra, Kincitsandra, Sandras.
Relevant text
Search found 68 books and stories containing Sandra, Sāndra, Samdra, Sāṃdra; (plurals include: Sandras, Sāndras, Samdras, Sāṃdras). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 5.6.14 < [Chapter 6 - Seeing Śrī Mathurā]
Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary) (by Śrī Śrīmad Bhaktivedānta Nārāyana Gosvāmī Mahārāja)
Verse 2.4.122 < [Chapter 4 - Vaikuṇṭha (the spiritual world)]
Verse 2.2.180 < [Chapter 2 - Jñāna (knowledge)]
Verse 2.3.175 < [Chapter 3 - Bhajana (loving service)]
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 120 < [Hindi-Kannada-English Volume 2]
Page 184 < [Hindi-Kannada-English Volume 3]
Page 560 < [Bengali-Hindi-English, Volume 2]
Physician as depicted in Manasollasa (by Sri B. S. Hebballi)
3. The concept of Dravy and Tridosha < [Chapter 4 - Ancient treatises on Indian medicine]
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (MDPI)
Acknowledgement to Reviewers of the International Journal of Environmental... < [Volume 12, Issue 1 (2015)]
Acknowledgement to Reviewers of IJERPH in 2017 < [Volume 15, Issue 1 (2018)]
Acknowledgement to Reviewers of IJERPH in 2018 < [Volume 16, Issue 1 (2019)]
Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu (by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī)
Verse 3.1.40 < [Part 1 - Neutral Love of God (śānta-rasa)]
Verse 3.1.35 < [Part 1 - Neutral Love of God (śānta-rasa)]
Verse 3.5.17 < [Part 5 - Conjugal Love (mādhurya-rasa)]
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