Roga; 12 Definition(s)

Introduction

Roga means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

In Hinduism

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Roga (रोग) refers to “ailments”, which one is able to drive away (uccāṭa) through the worship of Śiva, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.1.14:—“[...] the worship with Japā flowers (China rose) brings about the death of enemies (śatrumṛtyu). Karavīra flowers drive away all ailments (roga-uccāṭa)”.

Roga (रोग).—To be worshipped in housebuilding and palace building.^*

• * Matsya-purāṇa 253. 26; 268. 17.

context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

General definition (in Hinduism)

Roga (रोग, “sickness”):—The charioteer of Yama, who resides in the city known as Saṃyaminī. Yama, the vedic God of death, represents the embodiment of Dharma. Yama rules over the kingdom of the dead and binds humankind according to the fruits of their karma.

In Buddhism

Theravada (major branch of Buddhism)

M (Sickness).

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Roga (रोग, “sickness”) refers to one of the eight kinds of contemplations (anupaśyanā) among the Buddha’s disciples, according to the 2nd century Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter XVI). Accordingly, “for them, everything is impermanent (anitya), suffering (duḥkha), empty (śūnya), egoless (anātmaka), like a sickness (roga), an ulcer (gaṇḍa), like an arrow (śalya) stuck in one’s body, like an agony (agha)”.

context information

Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.

In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Roga (रोग, “illness”) refers to one of the hardships (parīṣaha), or “series of trials hard to endure” according to the Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra 10.1 (Incarnation as Nandana). While practicing penance for a lac of years, Muni Nandana also endured a series of trials hard to endure (eg., roga). Nandana is the name of a king as well as one of Mahāvīra’s previous births.

context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

roga : (m.) disease; illness.

Roga, (Vedic roga: ruj (see rujati), cp. Sk. rujā breakage, illness) illness, disease.—The defⁿ of roga at J. II, 437 is “roga rujana-sabhāvattaṃ. ” There are many diff. enumerations of rogas and sets of standard comb^ns, of which the foll. may be mentioned. At sn 311 (cp. D. III, 75) it is said that in old times there were only 3 diseases, viz. icchā, anasanaṃ, jarā, which gradually, through slaughtering of animals, increased to 98. Bdhgh at SnA 324 hints at these 98 with “cakkhu-rog’adinā-bhedena. ” Beginning with this (cakkhuroga affection of the eye) we have a list of 34 rogas at Nd¹ 13 (under pākaṭa-parissayā or open dangers=Nd¹ 360= Nd² 420) & Nd² 304¹ B, viz. cakkhu° & the other 4 senses, sīsa°, kaṇṇa°, mukha°, danta°; kāsa, sāsa, pināsa, ḍāha, jara; kucchiroga, mucchā, pakkhandikā, sūlā, visūcikā; kuṭṭhaṃ, gaṇḍo, kilāso, soso, apamāro; daddu, kaṇḍu, kacchu, rakhasā, vitacchikā, lohita‹-› pittaṃ, madhumeho, aṃsā, piḷakā, bhagandalā. This list is followed by list of 10 ābādhas & under “dukkha” goes on with var. other “ills, ” which however do not make up the number 98. The same list is found at A. V, 110. The 10 ābādhas (Nd² 304¹ C.) occur at A. II, 87 & Miln. 308 (as āgantuka-rogā). The 4 “rogas” of the Sun (miln 273, cp. Vin. II, 295) are: abbha, mahikā, megha, Rāhu.—Another mention of roga together with plagues which attack the corn in the field is given at J. V, 401, viz. visa-vāta; mūsika-salabha-suka-pāṇaka; setaṭṭhika-roga etc., i.e. hurtful winds, mice, moths & parrots, mildew.—The combⁿ roga, gaṇḍa, salla is sometimes found, e.g. M. II, 230; Vism. 335. Of other single rogas we mention: kucchi° (stomach-ache) J. I, 243; ahivātaka° Vin. I, 78; J. II, 79; IV, 200; DhA. I, 231; paṇḍu° jaundice Vin. I, 206; J. II, 102; DhA. I, 25; tiṇapupphaka° hay-fever Miln. 216.—See also ātaṅka & ābādha. On roga in similes see J. P. T. S. 1907, 130. ‹-› D. I, 11, 73; III, 182; S. III, 32; IV, 64; A. II, 128, 142 sq.; IV, 289, ; Nd¹ 486; Vism. 236 (as cause of death), 512 (in simile); VbhA. 88 (in sim. of dukkha etc.); ThA. 288; VvA. 6 (rogena phuṭṭha), 75 (sarīre r. uppajji); PvA. 86 (kacchu°), 212 (rogena abhibhūta).—Opp. aroga health: see sep.

—ātaṅka affliction by illness A. II, 174 sq.; V, 169, 318. —niḍḍha the nest or seat of disease Dh. 148 (cp. DhA. III, 110); as °nīḷa at It. 37. —mūla the root of disease Sn. 530. —vyasana distress or misfortune of disease D. III, 235 (one of the 5 vyasanāni: ñāti°, bhoga°, roga°, sīla°, diṭṭhi°); Miln. 196 (id.). (Page 576)

context information

Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

Marathi-English dictionary

rōga (रोग).—m (S) Disease or disorder; illness in general organic or functional. 2 A disease or a disorder. 3 A diseased part (of fruits, flowers &c.) Ex. agastyācē phulāntalī madhalī kāḍī tō rōga āhē tī kāḍhūna ṭāka. 4 Anything viewed as causing disease. Ex. hē dhaḍadhaḍīta kiḍakē tāndūḷa disatāta āṇi paikā kharcūna hā rōga kaśālā āṇalā. 5 Vexation at another's success or good fortune. 6 Applied to any person or beast viewed as hateful, nasty, troublesome, vile.

rōga (रोग).—m Disease. Vexation at another's success.

Sanskrit-English dictionary

Roga (रोग).—[ruj-ghañ]

1) A disease, sickness, malady, distemper, infirmity; सन्तापयन्ति कमपथ्यभुजं न रोगाः (santāpayanti kamapathyabhujaṃ na rogāḥ) H.3.11; भोगे रोगभयम् (bhoge rogabhayam) Bh.3.35.

2) A diseased spot.

3) Costus Speciosus (Mar. koṣṭha).

Derivable forms: rogaḥ (रोगः).

Roga (रोग).—m.

(-gaḥ) 1. Sickness, disease in general, or a disease. 2. A sort of Costus, (C. speciosus.) E. ruj to be or make sick, aff. ghañ .

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