Pusha, Pú sà, Pu sa, Pù sǎ, Pū sā, Pǔ shā, Pu sha, Pū shā, Pūṣā, Pūṣa: 33 definitions
Introduction:
Pusha means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi, biology, Tamil. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit terms Pūṣā and Pūṣa can be transliterated into English as Pusa or Pusha, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
Images (photo gallery)
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
1) Pūṣā (पूषा).—(PŪṢAN). Pūṣā attended the Janmotsava of Arjuna. (Chapter 122, Ādi Parva). When Arjuna and Kṛṣṇa fought against Indra at Khāṇḍavaprastha Pūṣā stood as an ally of Indra. (Śloka 35, Chapter 226, Ādi Parva). Once all the devas together performed a yāga and not knowing the importance of Śiva, they did not invite him to the Yāga. Śiva attended the function uninvited. The devas did not like it and they attacked Śiva. The twelve ādityas as a team fought against Śiva and in the fight Pūṣā lost his teeth. (Chapter 18, Sauptika Parva). Once Pūṣā presented to Subrahmaṇya two warriors named Pāṇītaka and Kālika.
2) Pūṣā (पूषा).—(PŪṢAN). Another name for the Sun. (Śloka 16, Chapter 3, Vana Parva).
1a) Pūṣa (पूष).—The name of the god of a division of the day; a Vasu.*
- * Vāyu-purāṇa 66. 43; 106. 59; Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 3. 42.
1b) A son of Aditī; childless. Laughed at Śiva, enraged at Dakṣa and was deprived of his teeth.*
- * Bhāgavata-purāṇa VI. 6. 39 and 43.
1c) The name of the sun in the month of Tapas (Māgha);1 an Āditya.2
1d) The god on the brows of the Vāmana avatār of the Lord when He showed His true form to Bali;1 all gods find their places in Him.2 Worshipped by Daṇḍins.3
1e) An Āditya; a son of Diti;1 legend says that during Dakṣa's sacrifice in a rage Śiva gave a slap to the Sun-God when all his teeth fell down;2 to be worshipped in house-building;3 also Pūṣṇa.
- 1) Vāyu-purāṇa 66. 66; Matsya-purāṇa 6. 4; 146. 20; 171. 56.
- 2) Ib. 253. 25; 156. 7; Viṣṇu-purāṇa I. 15. 30; V. 16. 7.
- 3) Matsya-purāṇa 268. 13.
1f) A deity with the sun in the Śarat season.*
- * Vāyu-purāṇa 52. 12. Viṣṇu-purāṇa II. 10. 11.
Pūṣā (पूषा) is a name mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. I.59.15, I.65, IX.44.39) and represents one of the many proper names used for people and places. Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Pūṣā) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.
Pūṣā (पूषा) is the name of one of the twelve Ādityas: the offspring of Aditi, according to one account of Vaṃśa (‘genealogical description’) of the 10th century Saurapurāṇa: one of the various Upapurāṇas depicting Śaivism.—Accordingly, Dakṣa gave thirteen daughters to Kaśyapa. [...] Kaśyapa’s thirteen wives are [viz., Aditi]. Aditi gives birth to twelve Ādityas, [viz. Pūṣā].
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Pūṣā (पूषा) refers to one of the 53 gods to be worshipped in the southern quarter and given pāyasa (rice boiled in milk) according to the Vāstuyāga rite in Śaktism (cf. Śāradātilaka-tantra III-V). The worship of these 53 gods happens after assigning them to one of the 64 compartment while constructing a Balimaṇḍapa. Vāstu is the name of a prodigious demon, who was killed by 53 gods (e.g., Pūṣā).
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Agriculture (Krishi) and Vrikshayurveda (study of Plant life)
1) Puṣa (पुष) refers to the “placenta” part of the Bījādhāra (ovary) part a Puṣpa (“flower”); and represents a technical term related to the morphology branch of “plant science”, which ultimately involves the study of life history of plants, including its origin and development, their external and internal structures and the relation of the members of the plant body with one another.—The outermost whorl which covers the floral bud is called jālaka. Enclosed within it is the puṣpadala, the Corolla. The Corolla encloses the keśara. Within it lies the bījadhāra (ovary); on the top of it, the varāṭaka or the Style is placed, being encircled by the staminal whorl. The Style is the seat of seed formation. [...] Seeds are formed within the bījādhāra (ovary) which also refers to a fruit. An ovary may be unilocular (eka-vartaka) or multilocular (bahu-vartaka). The ovary is divided into locules (vartaka) by the septa (puplika) and by the placenta (puṣa).
2) Puṣa (पुष) or Bījapuṣa refers to the “placenta” part of the Phala (fruit).—The different parts of a fruit are—Vṛnta (Pedicel), Jālaka (Calyx), Valka (Fruit wall), Śalāṭu (unripe portion), Vartaka (Locule), Bījapuplika (Septum), Bījapuṣa (Placenta), Bīja (seed). The bījapuplika is the septum by which fruits are divided into chambers. It is also termed bījapuṭa. It protects the seeds inside the fruit. It may be soft and hard. The bīja-puṣa is a tissue, as found in some fruits, within which seeds remain embedded.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
General definition (in Hinduism)
Pūṣā (पूषा) refers to one of the names for the “sun”, who was worshipped as Sūrya, Savitā, Mitra, Pūṣā etc. in the Vedas. Though all of them represented basically the same phenomenon, yet they were considered to be distinct deities as their concepts revealed different powers of the Sun.
In Buddhism
Chinese Buddhism
1) 普莎 [pu sha]—Puṣya, the asterism Tiṣya, and the month Pauṣa; blossom, form, scum; but intp. as 吉祥 [ji xiang] auspicious.
2) 菩薩 [pu sa]—bodhisattva, cf. 菩提薩埵 [pu ti sa duo]. While the idea is not foreign to Hīnayāna, its extension of meaning is one of the chief marks of Mahāyāna. 'The Bodhisattva is indeed the characteristic feature of the Mahāyāna.' Keith. According to Mahāyāna the Hinayanists, i.e. the śrāvaka and pratyekabuddha, seek their own salvation, while the bodhisattva's aim is the salvation of others and of all. The earlier intp. of bodhisattva was 大道心衆生 [da dao xin zhong sheng] all beings with mind for the truth; later it became 大覺有情 [da jue you qing] conscious beings of or for the great intelligence, or enlightenment. It is also intp. in terms of leadership, heroism, etc. In general it is a Mahayanist seeking Buddhahood, but seeking it altruistically; whether monk or layman, he seeks enlightenment to enlighten others, and he will sacrifice himself to save others; he is devoid of egoism and devoted to helping others. All conscious beings having the Buddha-nature are natural bodhisattvas, but require to undergo development. The mahāsattva is sufficiently advanced to become a Buddha and enter nirvāṇa, but according to his vow he remains in the realm of incarnation to save all conscious beings. A monk should enter on the arduous course of discipline which leads to Bodhisattvahood and Buddhahood.
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
菩薩 [pu sa]—Bodhisattva — [Term] Its full name is Bodhisattva (菩提薩埵 [pu ti sa duo]) (Bodhisattva), also called Bodhisattva (菩提索埵 [pu ti suo duo]), or Mahābodhisattva (摩訶菩提質帝薩埵 [mo he pu ti zhi di sa duo]). The old translations are "sentient beings with a great mind for the Way" (大道心眾生 [da dao xin zhong sheng]), "sentient beings of the Way" (道眾生 [dao zhong sheng]), etc. The new translations are "sentient beings of great enlightenment" (大覺有情 [da jue you qing]), "sentient beings of enlightenment" (覺有情 [jue you qing]), etc. This refers to a person with a great mind who seeks the Way. Therefore, they are called "sentient beings with a mind for the Way," and those who seek the Way and great enlightenment are called "sentient beings of the Way" and "sentient beings of great enlightenment." Furthermore, "Sattva" (薩埵 [sa duo]) means "brave and vigorous" (勇猛 [yong meng]). Because they bravely and vigorously seek Bodhi, they are called Bodhisattva. They are also translated as "enlightened being" (開士 [kai shi]), "beginner" (始士 [shi shi]), "noble person" (高士 [gao shi]), "great being" (大士 [da shi]), etc. These are semantic translations. Collectively, they are the Mahayana (大乘 [da cheng]) multitude who seek the fruit of Buddhahood (佛果 [fu guo]). The Commentary on the Vimalakirti Sutra states: "Sengzhao said: 'Bodhi' is the name for the Buddha-Way (佛道 [fu dao]). 'Sattva' in Qin language (秦言 [qin yan]) means sentient beings with a great mind. Those who enter the Buddha-Way with a great mind are called Bodhisattva." The Mahayana Meaning Chapter 14 states: "Bodhisattva is a Hu language (胡語 [hu yu]) term, translated here as 'sentient beings of the Way.' Those who fully cultivate the path of benefiting oneself and others (自利利他 [zi li li ta]) are called 'sentient beings of the Way'." The Commentary on the Lotus Sutra, Volume 2, states: "'Bodhi' here means 'Way,' and 'Sattva' here means 'mind'." The Jixiang Commentary on the Lotus Sutra, Volume 1, states: "'Bodhi' means 'Way,' which is the path to the fruit of unsurpassed perfect and complete enlightenment (無上正徧知果道 [wu shang zheng bian zhi guo dao]). 'Sattva' means 'sentient beings.' Because they seek the fruit of the Way, they are called 'sentient beings of the Way'." The Profound Commentary on the Lotus Sutra, Volume 2, states: "'Bodhi' means 'enlightenment,' which is the fruit sought. 'Sattva' means 'sentient being' (有情 [you qing]), which refers to oneself. Those sentient beings who seek Bodhi are therefore called Bodhisattvas." The Buddhabhumi Sutra, Volume 2, states: "Because they take Bodhi and sentient beings as their object, they are called Bodhisattvas. They are endowed with great vows (大願 [da yuan]) to benefit themselves and others, seeking great Bodhi (大菩提 [da pu ti]) to benefit sentient beings." It also states: "'Sattva' means 'brave and vigorous.' Because they diligently and bravely seek great Bodhi, they are called Bodhisattvas." The Jingming Commentary (淨名疏 [jing ming shu]), Volume 1, states: "'Bodhi' is the unsurpassed Way (無上道 [wu shang dao]). 'Sattva' means 'great mind' (大心 [da xin]). This refers to a great mind for the unsurpassed Way. Such a person makes a great resolve to seek the unsurpassed Way for sentient beings, hence the name Bodhisattva. Master An said 'enlightened being' or 'beginner.' It is also translated as 'sentient beings with a great mind for the Way.' Ancient texts translated it as 'noble person.' Since the various translations are inconsistent, the Sanskrit sound (梵音 [fan yin]) should be retained. Now, according to the great commentary, 'Bodhi' means 'Buddha-Way.' 'Sattva' means 'accomplishing sentient beings.' Because they use the Buddha-Way to accomplish sentient beings, they are called Bodhisattva. Furthermore, 'Bodhi' is self-practice (自行 [zi xing]), and 'Sattva' is transforming others (化他 [hua ta]). One cultivates the Buddha-Way oneself and also uses it to transform others, hence the name Bodhisattva." The Tiantai Commentary on the Vinaya Sutra, Volume 1, states: "In Sanskrit (梵音 [fan yin]) from India (天竺 [tian zhu]), it is Mahābodhisattva. What is now called 'Bodhisattva' is an abbreviation of the other characters. It is translated as 'sentient beings accomplished with a great mind for the Way'." The Various Records of Equal and Unequal Contemplation (等不等觀雜錄 [deng bu deng guan za lu]), Volume 1, states: "The character '薩 [sa]' (sà) in 'Bodhisattva' is not found in the Shuowen Jiezi (說文 [shuo wen]). Some people now change it to [薩 [sa]-產 [chan]+(辛 [xin]/干 [gan])], claiming it is a phonetic loan character (假借 [jia jie]) for the character 'Xue' (薛字 [xue zi]). Others write it as '殺 [sha]' (shā), which is even more alarming. Consulting dictionaries (字典 [zi dian]) that follow '薩 [sa]' does not align with ancient sutras (古經 [gu jing]). In the sutras, it is composed of '廿 [nian]', '阝 [fu]', '立 [li]', and '生 [sheng]', which must have been created during the sutra translation (譯經 [yi jing]) process, and there was good reason for it."
菩薩—【術語】具名菩提薩埵 Bodhisattva，又曰菩提索埵，摩訶菩提質帝薩埵。舊譯為大道心眾生，道眾生等，新譯曰大覺有情，覺有情等。謂是求道之大心人。故曰道心眾生，求道求大覺之人，故曰道眾生，大覺有情。又薩埵者勇猛之義，勇猛求菩提故名菩提薩埵。又譯作開士，始士，高士，大士等。義譯也。總名求佛果之大乘眾。注維摩曰：「肇曰：菩提佛道名也。薩埵秦言大心眾生，有大心入佛道，名菩提薩埵。」大乘義章十四曰：「菩薩胡語，此方翻譯為道眾生。具修自利利他之道，名道眾生。」法華文句二曰：「菩提此言道，薩埵此言心。」法華經嘉祥疏一曰：「菩提云道，是無上正徧知果道也。薩埵言眾生，為求果道故名道眾生也。」法華玄贊二曰：「菩提覺義，是所求果。薩埵有情義，是自身也。求菩提之有情者。故名菩薩。」佛地論二曰：「緣菩提薩埵為境，故名菩薩。具足自利利他大願。求大菩提利有情故。」又曰：「薩埵者是勇猛義。精進勇猛求大菩提，故名菩薩。」淨名疏一曰：「菩提為無上道。薩埵名大心。謂無上道大心。此人發大心為眾生求無上道。故名菩薩。安師云開士始士。又翻云大道心眾生。古本翻為高士。既異翻不定。須留梵音。今依大論釋。菩提名佛道。薩埵名成眾生。用諸佛道成就眾生故。名菩提薩埵。又菩提是自行。薩埵是化他。自修佛道又用化他，故名菩薩。」天台戒經義疏上曰：「天竺梵音摩訶菩提質帝薩埵。今言菩薩。略其餘字。譯云大道心成眾生。」等不等觀雜錄一曰：「菩薩之薩字，說文無之。今有人改作[薩-產+(辛/干)]，謂是薛字之假借也。又有寫作殺，更可駭也。考字典從薩，與古經不符。經中從廿從阝從立從生，當是譯經時所撰，良有以也。」
[shù yǔ] jù míng pú tí sà duǒ Bodhisattva, yòu yuē pú tí suǒ duǒ, mó hē pú tí zhì dì sà duǒ. jiù yì wèi dà dào xīn zhòng shēng, dào zhòng shēng děng, xīn yì yuē dà jué yǒu qíng, jué yǒu qíng děng. wèi shì qiú dào zhī dà xīn rén. gù yuē dào xīn zhòng shēng, qiú dào qiú dà jué zhī rén, gù yuē dào zhòng shēng, dà jué yǒu qíng. yòu sà duǒ zhě yǒng měng zhī yì, yǒng měng qiú pú tí gù míng pú tí sà duǒ. yòu yì zuò kāi shì, shǐ shì, gāo shì, dà shì děng. yì yì yě. zǒng míng qiú fú guǒ zhī dà chéng zhòng. zhù wéi mó yuē: “zhào yuē: pú tí fú dào míng yě. sà duǒ qín yán dà xīn zhòng shēng, yǒu dà xīn rù fú dào, míng pú tí sà duǒ.” dà chéng yì zhāng shí sì yuē: “pú sà hú yǔ, cǐ fāng fān yì wèi dào zhòng shēng. jù xiū zì lì lì tā zhī dào, míng dào zhòng shēng.” fǎ huá wén jù èr yuē: “pú tí cǐ yán dào, sà duǒ cǐ yán xīn.” fǎ huá jīng jiā xiáng shū yī yuē: “pú tí yún dào, shì wú shàng zhèng biàn zhī guǒ dào yě. sà duǒ yán zhòng shēng, wèi qiú guǒ dào gù míng dào zhòng shēng yě.” fǎ huá xuán zàn èr yuē: “pú tí jué yì, shì suǒ qiú guǒ. sà duǒ yǒu qíng yì, shì zì shēn yě. qiú pú tí zhī yǒu qíng zhě. gù míng pú sà.” fú de lùn èr yuē: “yuán pú tí sà duǒ wèi jìng, gù míng pú sà. jù zú zì lì lì tā dà yuàn. qiú dà pú tí lì yǒu qíng gù.” yòu yuē: “sà duǒ zhě shì yǒng měng yì. jīng jìn yǒng měng qiú dà pú tí, gù míng pú sà.” jìng míng shū yī yuē: “pú tí wèi wú shàng dào. sà duǒ míng dà xīn. wèi wú shàng dào dà xīn. cǐ rén fā dà xīn wèi zhòng shēng qiú wú shàng dào. gù míng pú sà. ān shī yún kāi shì shǐ shì. yòu fān yún dà dào xīn zhòng shēng. gǔ běn fān wèi gāo shì. jì yì fān bù dìng. xū liú fàn yīn. jīn yī dà lùn shì. pú tí míng fú dào. sà duǒ míng chéng zhòng shēng. yòng zhū fú dào chéng jiù zhòng shēng gù. míng pú tí sà duǒ. yòu pú tí shì zì xíng. sà duǒ shì huà tā. zì xiū fú dào yòu yòng huà tā, gù míng pú sà.” tiān tái jiè jīng yì shū shàng yuē: “tiān zhú fàn yīn mó hē pú tí zhì dì sà duǒ. jīn yán pú sà. lüè qí yú zì. yì yún dà dào xīn chéng zhòng shēng.” děng bù děng guān zá lù yī yuē: “pú sà zhī sà zì, shuō wén wú zhī. jīn yǒu rén gǎi zuò [sà-chǎn+(xīn/gàn)], wèi shì xuē zì zhī jiǎ jiè yě. yòu yǒu xiě zuò shā, gèng kě hài yě. kǎo zì diǎn cóng sà, yǔ gǔ jīng bù fú. jīng zhōng cóng niàn cóng fù cóng lì cóng shēng, dāng shì yì jīng shí suǒ zhuàn, liáng yǒu yǐ yě.”
[shu yu] ju ming pu ti sa duo Bodhisattva, you yue pu ti suo duo, mo he pu ti zhi di sa duo. jiu yi wei da dao xin zhong sheng, dao zhong sheng deng, xin yi yue da jue you qing, jue you qing deng. wei shi qiu dao zhi da xin ren. gu yue dao xin zhong sheng, qiu dao qiu da jue zhi ren, gu yue dao zhong sheng, da jue you qing. you sa duo zhe yong meng zhi yi, yong meng qiu pu ti gu ming pu ti sa duo. you yi zuo kai shi, shi shi, gao shi, da shi deng. yi yi ye. zong ming qiu fu guo zhi da cheng zhong. zhu wei mo yue: "zhao yue: pu ti fu dao ming ye. sa duo qin yan da xin zhong sheng, you da xin ru fu dao, ming pu ti sa duo." da cheng yi zhang shi si yue: "pu sa hu yu, ci fang fan yi wei dao zhong sheng. ju xiu zi li li ta zhi dao, ming dao zhong sheng." fa hua wen ju er yue: "pu ti ci yan dao, sa duo ci yan xin." fa hua jing jia xiang shu yi yue: "pu ti yun dao, shi wu shang zheng bian zhi guo dao ye. sa duo yan zhong sheng, wei qiu guo dao gu ming dao zhong sheng ye." fa hua xuan zan er yue: "pu ti jue yi, shi suo qiu guo. sa duo you qing yi, shi zi shen ye. qiu pu ti zhi you qing zhe. gu ming pu sa." fu de lun er yue: "yuan pu ti sa duo wei jing, gu ming pu sa. ju zu zi li li ta da yuan. qiu da pu ti li you qing gu." you yue: "sa duo zhe shi yong meng yi. jing jin yong meng qiu da pu ti, gu ming pu sa." jing ming shu yi yue: "pu ti wei wu shang dao. sa duo ming da xin. wei wu shang dao da xin. ci ren fa da xin wei zhong sheng qiu wu shang dao. gu ming pu sa. an shi yun kai shi shi shi. you fan yun da dao xin zhong sheng. gu ben fan wei gao shi. ji yi fan bu ding. xu liu fan yin. jin yi da lun shi. pu ti ming fu dao. sa duo ming cheng zhong sheng. yong zhu fu dao cheng jiu zhong sheng gu. ming pu ti sa duo. you pu ti shi zi xing. sa duo shi hua ta. zi xiu fu dao you yong hua ta, gu ming pu sa." tian tai jie jing yi shu shang yue: "tian zhu fan yin mo he pu ti zhi di sa duo. jin yan pu sa. lue qi yu zi. yi yun da dao xin cheng zhong sheng." deng bu deng guan za lu yi yue: "pu sa zhi sa zi, shuo wen wu zhi. jin you ren gai zuo [sa-chan+(xin/gan)], wei shi xue zi zhi jia jie ye. you you xie zuo sha, geng ke hai ye. kao zi dian cong sa, yu gu jing bu fu. jing zhong cong nian cong fu cong li cong sheng, dang shi yi jing shi suo zhuan, liang you yi ye."
1) 菩薩 t = 菩萨 s = pú sà p refers to [noun] “bodhisattva”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao] , Subdomain: Fo Guang Shan; Notes: (Glossary of Humanistic Buddhism).
2) 菩薩 t = 菩萨 s = pú sà p refers to [noun] “bodhisattva”; Domain: Buddhism 佛教 [fu jiao]; Notes: Sanskrit equivalent: bodhisattva, Pali: bodhisatta, Japanese: bosatsu; Tibetan: byang chub sems dpa'; literally meaning 'enlightenment being' in Sanskrit and understood to mean a being who has determined to achieve enlightenment. The Chinese term 菩薩 [pu sa] is an abbreviation of 菩提薩埵 [pu ti sa duo], which transliterates the Sanskrit term. In Theravāda Buddhism the term bodhisattva is used exclusively to refer to Śākyamuni buddha in his past lifetimes. In Mahāyāna Buddhism the term is used much more widely (BL 'bodhisattva', p. 134; Drewes 2010b, pp. 66-74; FGDB '菩薩 [pu sa]'; Powers 2007, p.521; SH '菩薩 [pu sa]', p. 389; Tzu Chuang 2012, p. 31)...
Chinese Buddhism (漢傳佛教, hanchuan fojiao) is the form of Buddhism that developed in China, blending Mahayana teachings with Daoist and Confucian thought. Its texts are mainly in Classical Chinese, based on translations from Sanskrit. Major schools include Chan (Zen), Pure Land, Tiantai, and Huayan. Chinese Buddhism has greatly influenced East Asian religion and culture.
Biology (plants and animals)
1) Pusa in Cameroon is the name of a plant defined with Treculia africana in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Myriopeltis edulis Welw. ex Hook.f. (among others).
2) Pusa is also identified with Treculia erinacea It has the synonym Antiaris toxicaria Lesch. subsp. africana (Scott-Elliot ex A. Chev.) C.C. Berg (etc.).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Annales du muséum national d’histoire naturelle (1810)
· Annales des Sciences Naturelles; Botanique (1847)
· Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information Kew (1894)
· Etudes Fl. Afr. Centr. Franc. (1913)
· Bulletin du Jardin Botanique National de Belgique (1977)
· Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de l’Académie des Sciences (1920)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Pusa, for example diet and recipes, chemical composition, extract dosage, pregnancy safety, side effects, health benefits, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
pusā (पुसा).—a Relating to the month pūsa.
--- OR ---
pūsa (पूस).—m (pauṣa S) The tenth Hindu month, December-January.
pūsa (पूस).—
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Pūṣa (पूष).—
1) The month पौष (pauṣa).
2) (also pūṣakaḥ) The mulberry tree.
-ṣā Name of the third kalā of the moon.
-ṣam The रेवती (revatī) constellation.
Derivable forms: pūṣaḥ (पूषः).
Puṣā (पुषा).—f.
(-ṣā) 1. Cherishing. 2. The langali plant: see lāṅgalikī. E. puṣ to cherish, affs. ka and ṭāp.
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Pūṣa (पूष).—m.
(-ṣaḥ) The mulberry. (Morus Indica.) E. pūṣ to grow, aff. ka. “tuṃ~t .”
Puṣa (पुष).—[puṣ + a], in graha-, m. The sun (nourishing the planets by its light). f. ṣā, The name of a plant.
Puṣa (पुष).—pupyāta (pupyāte, pupṇāti & poṣati), [participle] puṣṭa (q.v.) [intransitive] thrive, bloom, grow, prosper; tr. cause to thrive etc.; cherish, foster, develop, unfold, display, possess, enjoy. [Causative] poṣayati cherish, foster, rear, bring up, cause to be nourished by ([instrumental]).
1) Puṣa (पुष):—[from puṣ] mfn. (ifc.) nourishing, cherishing (cf. graha-p)
2) [v.s. ...] m. Name of a teacher, [Catalogue(s)]
3) Puṣā (पुषा):—[from puṣa > puṣ] f. Methonica Superba, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
4) Pūṣa (पूष):—[from pūṣ] 1. pūṣa m. a kind of mulberry tree, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
5) Pūṣā (पूषा):—[from pūṣa > pūṣ] f. Name of the third Kalā of the moon, [Brahma-purāṇa]
6) Pūṣa (पूष):—[from pūṣ] 2. pūṣa in [compound] for ṣan.
1) Puṣā (पुषा):—(ṣā) 1. f. Cherishing; a tree.
2) Pūṣa (पूष):—(ṣaḥ) 1. m. The mulberry.
Puṣa (पुष):—
1) adj. von 1. puṣ in graha . —
2) m. Nomen proprium eines VedaLehrers [Hiouen-Thsang I, 75.] —
3) f. ā eine best. Pflanze, = lāṅgalikī [Śabdacandrikā im Śabdakalpadruma] — Vgl. tripuṣā .
--- OR ---
Pūṣa (पूष):—(von puṣ)
1) m. eine Art Maulbeerbaum [Amarakoṣa 2, 4, 2, 22.] —
2) f. ā Bez. der 3ten Kalā des Mondes [Brahmapurāṇa] in [Oxforder Handschriften 18,b,24.]
--- OR ---
Pūṣa (पूष):—
3) f. ā eine best. Arterie [Oxforder Handschriften 236,a,1 v. u. b,7.]
--- OR ---
Pūsa (पूस):—m. Papagei [HĀLA 265.]
Puṣa (पुष):——
1) Adj. =
2) puṣ
1) in grahapuṣa —
2) m. Nomen proprium eines Lehrers. —
3) f. ā Methonica superba.
--- OR ---
Pūṣa (पूष):——
1) *m. eine Art Maulbeerbaum. —
2) f. ā die dritte Kalā des Mondes.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Pūsa (पूस) [Also spelled pus]:—(nm) the tenth month of the Hindu (lunar) calendar; also [pauṣa].
...
Prakrit-English dictionary
1) Pusa (पुस) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit words: Proñch, Mṛj.
2) Pusa (पुस) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Pauṣa.
3) Pūsa (पूस) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Pūṣ.
4) Pūsa (पूस) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Pūṣan.
5) Pūsā (पूसा) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Puṣyā.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Pūṣa (ಪೂಷ):—
1) [noun] the Sun, a vedic deity regarded as the surveyor of all things, conductor of journeys and on the way to the next to the next world, etc.
2) [noun] any deity protecting the universe.
3) [noun] one of the Ādityās, a class of deities.
4) [noun] the earth.
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Pūsa (ಪೂಸ):—[noun] a man who represents fictitiously or puts on an appearance to deceive another or others.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Tamil dictionary
Pūṣā (பூஷா) noun < pūṣā nominative singular of pūṣan.
1. A deity representing the Sun, one of tuvātacātittar, q.v.; துவாதசாதித்தருள் ஒருவன். [thuvathasathitharul oruvan.]
2. The fourth of 15 divisions of night; இரவு [iravu] 15 முகூர்த் தத்துள் நான்காவது. [mugurth thathul nankavathu.] (விதானமாலை குணாகுண. [vithanamalai kunaguna.] 73, உரை. [urai.])
Tamil is an ancient language of India from the Dravidian family spoken by roughly 250 million people mainly in southern India and Sri Lanka.
Nepali dictionary
1) Pusa (पुस):—n. ninth month of the Nepali year (December/January);
2) Pūsa (पूस):—n. → पुस [pusa]
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
Chinese-English dictionary
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
撲殺 [pū shā] [pu sha]—
To strike and kill; to slay.
From Tán Zhēng (《談徵 [tan zheng]》), Yán Bù (言部 [yan bu]), Pū Shā: "During the Eastern Han Dynasty (東漢 [dong han]), Empress Dowager Deng (鄧太后 [deng tai hou]) refused to relinquish political power. Du Zhao (杜招 [du zhao]) from Yingchuan (潁川 [ying chuan]) submitted a memorial. The Empress Dowager (太后 [tai hou]) became extremely furious and killed him by beating him with a silk bag (縑囊 [jian nang])."
撲殺：擊殺。《談徵．言部．撲殺》：「東漢鄧太后不還政，潁川杜招上言，太后怒盛，以縑囊撲殺之。」
pū shā: jī shā. < tán zhēng． yán bù． pū shā>: “dōng hàn dèng tài hòu bù hái zhèng, yǐng chuān dù zhāo shàng yán, tài hòu nù shèng, yǐ jiān náng pū shā zhī.”
pu sha: ji sha. < tan zheng. yan bu. pu sha>: "dong han deng tai hou bu hai zheng, ying chuan du zhao shang yan, tai hou nu sheng, yi jian nang pu sha zhi."
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
撲撒 [pū sā] [pu sa]—
Disperse, dissipate. From Romance of the Western Chamber by Dong Jieyuan (《董西廂 [dong xi xiang]》), Volume Four: "When Zhang Sheng (張生 [zhang sheng]) heard the words, the sorrow that filled his heart dispersed. He thought that this fated enemy (Cui Yingying) already had feelings in her heart, and that the zither music had moved her, seeing that it was quite effective." From Qiao Ji's (喬吉 [qiao ji]) Dream of Yangzhou (《揚州夢 [yang zhou meng]》) (Yuan Dynasty), Act Two: "The sun is high and flower shadows are dense; when the wind carries fragrance, the power of wine surges. I'll appease the beautiful lady (翠鸞丹鳳 [cui luan dan feng]) by stroking her the right way." Also written as "撲散 [pu san]" (pūsàn).
撲撒：分散、消散。《董西廂》卷四：「張生聞語，撲撒了滿懷裡愁，想料死冤家心中先有，琴感其心，見得十分能勾。」元．喬吉《揚州夢》第二折：「日高也花影重，風香時酒力湧，順毛兒撲撒上翠鸞丹鳳。」也作「撲散」。
pū sā: fēn sàn,, xiāo sàn. < dǒng xī xiāng> juǎn sì: “zhāng shēng wén yǔ, pū sā le mǎn huái lǐ chóu, xiǎng liào sǐ yuān jiā xīn zhōng xiān yǒu, qín gǎn qí xīn, jiàn dé shí fēn néng gōu.” yuán． qiáo jí < yáng zhōu mèng> dì èr zhé: “rì gāo yě huā yǐng zhòng, fēng xiāng shí jiǔ lì yǒng, shùn máo ér pū sā shàng cuì luán dān fèng.” yě zuò “pū sàn” .
pu sa: fen san,, xiao san. < dong xi xiang> juan si: "zhang sheng wen yu, pu sa le man huai li chou, xiang liao si yuan jia xin zhong xian you, qin gan qi xin, jian de shi fen neng gou." yuan. qiao ji < yang zhou meng> di er zhe: "ri gao ye hua ying zhong, feng xiang shi jiu li yong, shun mao er pu sa shang cui luan dan feng." ye zuo "pu san" .
[The following represents an unverified English translation. For all purposes consult the original Chinese text.]
菩薩 [pú sà] [pu sa]—
1. A Buddhist term. It is a transliteration of the Sanskrit word bodhisattva, with its full name being 「菩提薩埵 [pu ti sa duo]」 (pútísàduǒ), which is translated as 「覺有情 [jue you qing]」 (juéyǒuqíng - enlightened being / sentient being). It has two meanings: Firstly, it specifically refers to 「悉達多太子 [xi da duo tai zi]」 (Prince Siddhartha) before he became a Buddha. In 《修行本起經 [xiu xing ben qi jing]．卷下 [juan xia]》 (Xing Xiu Ben Qi Jing, Scroll Down): "The 「」 (Púsa) saw these types of sentient beings devouring each other, felt compassion and pity, and immediately attained the first Dhyana under the tree." Secondly, it refers to 「眾生 [zhong sheng]」 (sentient beings) who possess the great vows of self-benefit and benefiting others, pursue the realm of supreme enlightenment, and have already realized the principle of emptiness. The realm of enlightenment attained by a 「」 (Púsa) is below that of a 「佛 [fu]」 (Fó - Buddha) but above that of an 「阿羅漢 [a luo han]」 (Āluóhàn - Arhat). In 《佛說十地經 [fu shuo shi de jing]》卷二 [juan er] (Fó Shuō Shí Dì Jīng, Scroll 2): "The 「」 (Púsa), having attained such great compassion, great pity, and great equanimity, in order to rescue all 「有情 [you qing]」 (sentient beings), further seeks all beneficial matters, both worldly and transcendental." In 《初刻拍驚案奇 [chu ke pai jing an qi]》卷八 [juan ba] (Chū Kè Pāi Jīng Àn Qí, Scroll 8): "The 「弟子 [di zi]」 (Dìzǐ - disciple) sincerely prostrates and prays, humbly hoping the 「」 (Púsa) shows great compassion, great pity, saves from suffering and calamity, and with vast spiritual power, enables the husband and wife to reunite."
2. An honorific for a benevolent and charitable good person. In 《儒林外史 [ru lin wai shi]》第三八回 [di san ba hui] (Rú Lín Wài Shǐ, Chapter 38): "The 「小的 [xiao de]」 (Xiǎo de - servant) took him to his home in 「廣東 [guang dong]」 (Guǎngdōng); his relatives and family members, about a hundred people, all looked up and thanked the 「老爺 [lao ye]」 (Lǎoyé - master) for his grace; they also kowtowed to me, calling me '「」 (Púsa)'."
菩薩：1.佛教用語。梵語 bodhisattva 的音譯，全名為「菩提薩埵」，意譯作覺有情。其義有二：一、專指成佛前的悉達多太子。《修行本起經．卷下》：「菩薩見此眾生品類，展轉相吞，慈心愍傷，即於樹下得第一禪。」二、指具備自利、利他的大願，追求無上覺悟境界，並且已證得性空之理的眾生。菩薩所覺悟的境界在佛之下，而在阿羅漢之上。《佛說十地經》卷二：「菩薩既得如是大慈、大悲、大捨意樂已，為欲救拔一切有情，轉更訪求世出世間諸利益事。」《初刻拍驚案奇》卷八：「弟子虔誠拜禱，伏望菩薩大慈、大悲、救苦救難，廣大靈感，使夫妻得相見。」
2.尊稱樂善好施的好人。《儒林外史》第三八回：「小的送他到廣東家裡，他家親戚、本家有百十人，都望空謝了老爺的恩典；又都磕小的頭，叫小的是『菩薩』。」
pú sà:1. fú jiào yòng yǔ. fàn yǔ bodhisattva de yīn yì, quán míng wèi “pú tí sà duǒ” , yì yì zuò jué yǒu qíng. qí yì yǒu èr: yī,, zhuān zhǐ chéng fú qián de xī dá duō tài zi. < xiū xíng běn qǐ jīng． juǎn xià>: “pú sà jiàn cǐ zhòng shēng pǐn lèi, zhǎn zhuǎn xiāng tūn, cí xīn mǐn shāng, jí yú shù xià dé dì yī chán.” èr,, zhǐ jù bèi zì lì,, lì tā de dà yuàn, zhuī qiú wú shàng jué wù jìng jiè, bìng qiě yǐ zhèng dé xìng kōng zhī lǐ de zhòng shēng. pú sà suǒ jué wù de jìng jiè zài fú zhī xià, ér zài ā luó hàn zhī shàng. < fú shuō shí de jīng> juǎn èr: “pú sà jì dé rú shì dà cí,, dà bēi,, dà shě yì lè yǐ, wèi yù jiù bá yī qiè yǒu qíng, zhuǎn gèng fǎng qiú shì chū shì jiān zhū lì yì shì.” < chū kè pāi jīng àn qí> juǎn bā: “dì zi qián chéng bài dǎo, fú wàng pú sà dà cí,, dà bēi,, jiù kǔ jiù nán, guǎng dà líng gǎn, shǐ fū qī dé xiāng jiàn.”
2. zūn chēng lè shàn hǎo shī de hǎo rén. < rú lín wài shǐ> dì sān bā huí: “xiǎo de sòng tā dào guǎng dōng jiā lǐ, tā jiā qīn qī,, běn jiā yǒu bǎi shí rén, dōu wàng kōng xiè le lǎo yé de ēn diǎn； yòu dōu kē xiǎo de tóu, jiào xiǎo de shì ‘pú sà’ .”
pu sa:1. fu jiao yong yu. fan yu bodhisattva de yin yi, quan ming wei "pu ti sa duo" , yi yi zuo jue you qing. qi yi you er: yi,, zhuan zhi cheng fu qian de xi da duo tai zi. < xiu xing ben qi jing. juan xia>: "pu sa jian ci zhong sheng pin lei, zhan zhuan xiang tun, ci xin min shang, ji yu shu xia de di yi chan." er,, zhi ju bei zi li,, li ta de da yuan, zhui qiu wu shang jue wu jing jie, bing qie yi zheng de xing kong zhi li de zhong sheng. pu sa suo jue wu de jing jie zai fu zhi xia, er zai a luo han zhi shang. < fu shuo shi de jing> juan er: "pu sa ji de ru shi da ci,, da bei,, da she yi le yi, wei yu jiu ba yi qie you qing, zhuan geng fang qiu shi chu shi jian zhu li yi shi." < chu ke pai jing an qi> juan ba: "di zi qian cheng bai dao, fu wang pu sa da ci,, da bei,, jiu ku jiu nan, guang da ling gan, shi fu qi de xiang jian."
2. zun cheng le shan hao shi de hao ren. < ru lin wai shi> di san ba hui: "xiao de song ta dao guang dong jia li, ta jia qin qi,, ben jia you bai shi ren, dou wang kong xie le lao ye de en dian; you dou ke xiao de tou, jiao xiao de shi 'pu sa' ."
1) 撲殺 t = 扑杀 s = pū shā p refers to “to kill/to cull”.
2) 菩薩 t = 菩萨 s = pú sà p refers to “(Buddhism) bodhisattva”..
1) 菩薩 t = 菩萨 s = pú sà p refers to [noun] “bodhisattva”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu]; Notes: In Buddhism (CC-CEDICT '菩薩 [pu sa]'; Guoyu '菩薩 [pu sa]').
2) 撲殺 t = 扑杀 s = pū shā p refers to [verb] “to kill; to cull”; Domain: Modern Chinese 现代汉语 [xian dai han yu]; Notes: (CC-CEDICT '撲殺 [pu sha]') ..
1) 菩薩 [pú sà] refers to: “enlightening being”.
菩薩 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Related Chinese terms] 佛子; 最勝子.
[Sanskrit] bodhisattva-bhūta; bodhisattva-pada; buddha-suta; jina-suta; jinātma-ja; saṃbodhi-sattva; sugatasya putraḥ; sugatasyaurasāḥ; vara-sūri.
[Tibetan] byang chub sems dpa’.
[Vietnamese] bồ tát; bồ tát.
[Korean] 보살 / bosal.
[Japanese] ボサツ / bosatsu.
2) 普莎 [pǔ shā] refers to: “Puṣya”.
普莎 is further associated with the following language/terms:
[Vietnamese] phổ sa.
[Korean] 보사 / Bosa.
[Japanese] フシャ / Fusha.
Chinese language.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches: Sha, Pu, Fu, Ca.
Starts with (+13): Pu sha he, Pu shan jia zeng, Pu shan ni, Pu shang, Pucanai, Pusaka, Pusanam, Pusha-thala, Pushabhasa, Pushadantahara, Pushadhra, Pushadi, Pushakar, Pushala, Pushamitra, Pushan, Pushana, Pushanankam, Pushanbheda, Pushani kai.
Full-text (+4960): Pu sa jie, Apusa, Jin gang shou pu sa, Guan yin pu sa, Pu sa shi de, Pu xian pu sa, Pu sa xing, Guan shi yin pu sa, Pushabhasa, Jin gang suo pu sa, Grahapusha, Si da pu sa, Tripusha, Bapusa, Yao shang pu sa, Da pu sa, Bei chen pu sa, Long shu pu sa, Pu sa cang, Mi lei pu sa.
Relevant text
Search found 123 books and stories containing Pusha, Pooshaa, Pú sà, Pu sa, Pù sǎ, Pū sā, Pǔ shā, Pu sha, Pū shā, Pusa, Pūṣā, Pūṣa, Pusā, Pūsa, Puṣā, Puṣa, Pūsā, Púsà, Pùsǎ, Pǔshā, Pūshā, Pǔsuō, Pusuo, 扑杀, 撲撒, 撲殺, 普莎, 菩萨, 菩薩, 鋪灑; (plurals include: Pushas, Pooshaas, Pú sàs, Pu sas, Pù sǎs, Pū sās, Pǔ shās, Pu shas, Pū shās, Pusas, Pūṣās, Pūṣas, Pusās, Pūsas, Puṣās, Puṣas, Pūsās, Púsàs, Pùsǎs, Pǔshās, Pūshās, Pǔsuōs, Pusuos). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Taisho: Chinese Buddhist Canon
Chapter 17: The Descent into the Royal Palace < [Part 190 - The Abhinishkramana-sutra]
Chapter 18: Birth Under the Tree < [Part 190 - The Abhinishkramana-sutra]
The Jatakamala (Scroll 5) < [Part 160 - The Jatakamala (Garland of Birth-Stories)]
“Buddhism for Chinese Readers” < [Volume 12, Issue 5 (2021)]
Emperor Wu of Liang’s Reinterpretation and Elevation of the Precepts as... < [Volume 16, Issue 2 (2025)]
Further Reflections on Zhi Qian’s Foshuo Pusa Benye Jing < [Volume 12, Issue 8 (2021)]
Hualin International Journal of Buddhist Studies
The Ritual of the Buddhoṣṇīṣa Vijaya Dhāraṇī Maṇḍala < [Hualin International Journal of Buddhist Studies 1.2 (2018)]
Protection of the Dharma < [Hualin International Journal of Buddhist Studies 5.1 (2022)]
How Did Xuanzang Understand Dhāraṇī?: A View from His Translations < [Hualin International Journal of Buddhist Studies 3.1 (2020)]
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Om Bhadraṃ Karṇebhiḥ Śṛṇuyāma Sevāḥ
A Dictionary Of Chinese Buddhist Terms (by William Edward Soothill)