Prayukta: 19 definitions
Introduction:
Prayukta means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Prayukt.
In Hinduism
Kavyashastra (science of poetry)
Source: Shodhganga: Mālatīmādhava of Bhavabhūti (kavya-shastra)Prayukta (प्रयुक्त) refers to “(words that are) unconventional”, according to Mammaṭa-Bhaṭṭa’s Kāvyaprakāśa verse 7.50-51.—The doṣas (or “poetic defects”) are regarded as undesirable elements [of a composition]. Any element which tends to detract the poetic composition is a demerit in general terms. In other words, doṣas are the opposites of the guṇālaṃkāras. [...] In the Sāhityadarpaṇa, Viśvanātha says doṣas are five fold. [...] Mammaṭabhaṭṭa says that padadoṣa (or “defects of word”) are of sixteen types [i.e., prayukta (unconventional)].
Kavyashastra (काव्यशास्त्र, kāvyaśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian tradition of poetry (kavya). Canonical literature (shastra) of the includes encyclopedic manuals dealing with prosody, rhetoric and various other guidelines serving to teach the poet how to compose literature.
Kavya (poetry)
Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (kavya)Prayukta (प्रयुक्त) or Prayuktasaṃskāra refers to the “polishing (of precious stones)”, according to Kālidāsa’s Raghuvaṃśa verse 3.18.—Accordingly: “When the complete birth ritual was done by the ascetic chaplain who had come from the grove of ascetics, Dilīpa’s son shone yet more, like a precious stone taken from a mine and then polished (prayukta-saṃskāra)”.
Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationPrayukta (प्रयुक्त) refers to “that (task) which is carried out (at the proper time)”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.4.1 (“The dalliance of Śiva”).—Accordingly, as Lord Viṣṇu said to Brahmā: “O creator of the universe, there is nothing to worry about. Everything will be well. O lord of gods, seek refuge in the great lord Śiva. O lord of subjects, the people who dedicate their minds to and seek refuge in Him joyously and devoutly have nothing to fear from any quarter. The interruption to amorous dalliance will take place at the proper time, not now, O Brahmā. Any task carried out at the proper time (kāla-prayukta) shall be crowned with success, not otherwise. [...]”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Mantrashastra (the science of Mantras)
Source: OAPEN: Adaptive Reuse: Aspects of Creativity in South Asian Cultural HistoryPrayukta (प्रयुक्त) refers to the “employment” (of mantras), according to Utpala Vaiṣṇava’s commentary (called Spandapradīpikā) on the Spandakārikā by Vasugupta.—Accordingly, “And moreover, [it is said] in the Saṅkarṣaṇasūtras: ‘The form of consciousness, which is installed in itself alone, and is prepared through presence and absence, is perceivable through self-awareness, and its sphere of knowledge lies beyond nature. This source of the mantras is recollected, o sage, to consist of cognition. These mantras, which appear externally and internally in the form of phonemes rest on the undivided level. Like the [sense] organs of the embodied beings, when they are employed (prayukta), [the mantras] are successful at all times because of the connection with vigour”.
Mantrashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, mantraśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science of mantras—chants, incantations, spells, magical hymns, etc. Mantra Sastra literature includes many ancient books dealing with the methods reciting mantras, identifying and purifying its defects and the science behind uttering or chanting syllables.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: academia.edu: A Study and Translation of the GaganagañjaparipṛcchāPrayukta (प्रयुक्त) refers to “(being) applied with”, according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā: the eighth chapter of the Mahāsaṃnipāta (a collection of Mahāyāna Buddhist Sūtras).—Accordingly: “The great vehicle is made with four wheels, namely with the means of attraction, the spokes are well fitted as the roots of good have been transformed with intention, it; [...] it goes to all Buddha-fields by four magical feet, the horns of recollection are bound with the string of a jewel necklace, it roams widely and broadly since it contains all living beings, it fulfills its function as it subdues enemies and the Māras, it is applied with (prayukta) practical knowledge and wisdom; [...]”.
Source: De Gruyter: A Buddhist Ritual Manual on AgriculturePrayukta (प्रयुक्त) refers to “employing” (Nāga worship [?]), according to the Vajratuṇḍasamayakalparāja, an ancient Buddhist ritual manual on agriculture from the 5th-century (or earlier), containing various instructions for the Sangha to provide agriculture-related services to laypeople including rain-making, weather control and crop protection.—Accordingly [after Sāgara taught the Nāga-vow mantra], “[...] It should be performed at a Nāga lake, well, tank, lotus lake or on the top of a mountain. It will be successful everywhere. Merely upon employing (prayukta), they send forth great rain showers. At the time of too much rain having enchanted parched grain and mustard seeds 108 times, these should be thrown to the sky. This will calm down excessive rain. [...]”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve ReflectionsPrayukta (प्रयुक्त) refers to “practising” (the twelve reflections), according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “Certainly, O friend, these twelve reflections are the female friends of those whose good fortune is liberation [and] they are practised (prayukta) to procure their friendship by wise men who are absorbed in connection [with them]. When these [reflections] are correctly done constantly for the pleasure of the lords of Yogīs (i.e. the Jinas), a joyful woman in the form of liberation with a heart kindly disposed to love, is produced”.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
India history and geography
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical GlossaryPrayukta.—(IA 15), ‘drawn up’. Note: prayukta is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionaryprayukta (प्रयुक्त).—a S In comp. Resulting from; occasioned by; consequential. Ex. pāpaprayuktaduḥkha, prītiprayukta- tapa, cauryaprayuktadaṇḍa, upavāsaprayuktajvara. 2 Applied, appointed, directed, set. 3 Endowed with.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishprayukta (प्रयुक्त).—a Resulting from; directed. En- dowed with.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryPrayukta (प्रयुक्त).—p. p.
1) Yoked, harnessed.
2) Used, employed (as a word &c.); सप्रयुक्तस्य दम्भस्य ब्रह्माप्यन्तं न गच्छति (saprayuktasya dambhasya brahmāpyantaṃ na gacchati) Pañcatantra (Bombay) 1.22.
3) Applied.
4) Appointed, nominated,
5) Acted, represented.
6) Arising or resulting from, produced by, consequent on; मेधाविनो नीतिगुणप्रयुक्तां पुरः स्फुरन्तीमिव दर्शयन्ति (medhāvino nītiguṇaprayuktāṃ puraḥ sphurantīmiva darśayanti) Pañcatantra (Bombay) 1.61.
7) Endowed with.
8) Lost in meditation, abstracted.
9) Lent or put to interest (as money).
1) Prompted, instigated, urged; गुणप्रयुक्ताः परमर्मभेदिनः (guṇaprayuktāḥ paramarmabhedinaḥ)Udb.; अथावमानेन प्रयुक्ता (athāvamānena prayuktā) Kumārasambhava 1.21.
11) Directed, hurled at.
12) Shaken, set in motion.
13) Inflicted upon.
14) Connected with.
15) Thick, compact, closely united.
16) Drawn (as a sword).
17) Contrived.
18) Suitable.
-ktam A cause.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryPrayukta (प्रयुक्त).—mfn.
(-ktaḥ-ktā-ktaṃ) 1. Endowed with, possessing as an attribute, &c. 2. Resulting from, consequential. 3. Appointed, nominated. 4. Associated or connected with. 5. Applied, employed, (as a word.) 6. Compact, closely united. 7. Harnessed, yoked. 8. Done, to or for. 9. Abstracted, lost in meditation. 10. Lent, (as money.) 11. Asleep. n.
(-ktaṃ) Cause. E. pra before, yuj to join, aff. kta .
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryPrayukta (प्रयुक्त).—[adjective] yoked, used, employed, acted, proceeded ([neuter] [impersonally]), lent; usual, answering to the purpose.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Prayukta (प्रयुक्त):—[=pra-yukta] [from pra-yuj] mfn. yoked, harnessed, [Mahābhārata; Rāmāyaṇa] etc.
2) [v.s. ...] stirred (by wind), [Raghuvaṃśa]
3) [v.s. ...] directed, thrown, hurled, [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature] etc.
4) [v.s. ...] drawn (as a sword), [Bhāgavata-purāṇa]
5) [v.s. ...] vented (as anger), [Mahābhārata]
6) [v.s. ...] uttered, pronounced, recited, [Upaniṣad; Śikṣā] etc.
7) [v.s. ...] urged, ordered, bidden, [Gobhila-śrāddha-kalpa; Bhagavad-gītā] etc.
8) [v.s. ...] used, employed, practised, performed, done, [Brāhmaṇa; Kauśika-sūtra; Mahābhārata] etc.
9) [v.s. ...] undertaken, begun, contrived, [Rāmāyaṇa; Mālavikāgnimitra; Prabodha-candrodaya]
10) [v.s. ...] made, prepared, [Kumāra-sambhava]
11) [v.s. ...] (n. [impersonal or used impersonally]) behaved or acted towards ([locative case] or [accusative] with prati), [Śakuntalā]
12) [v.s. ...] lent (on interest), [Yājñavalkya]
13) [v.s. ...] suitable, appropriate, [Pañcatantra] (See a-pray)
14) [v.s. ...] resulting from ([compound]), [ib.]
15) [v.s. ...] n. a cause, [Horace H. Wilson]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryPrayukta (प्रयुक्त):—[pra-yukta] (ktaḥ-ktā-ktaṃ) a. Endowed with; resulting from; appointed; connected with; done for; lent to; lost; asleep. n. Cause.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Prayukta (प्रयुक्त) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Pauṃjia, Pautta, Pajjutta.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryPrayukta (प्रयुक्त) [Also spelled prayukt]:—(a) used; employed; applied; practical; —[bala] applied force; —[vijñāna] applied science.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusPrayukta (ಪ್ರಯುಕ್ತ):—
1) [adjective] mixed, merged or united with.
2) [adjective] joined; connected; fastened.
--- OR ---
Prayukta (ಪ್ರಯುಕ್ತ):—
1) [noun] the codition of being mixed, merged or united (with another).
2) [noun] that which produces an effect or result; a cause.
--- OR ---
Prayukta (ಪ್ರಯುಕ್ತ):—[adverb] because of; for the reason; on account of.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Source: unoes: Nepali-English DictionaryPrayukta (प्रयुक्त):—adj.1. used; employed; 2. joined; yoked;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Prayukta-praadhyaapak, Prayukta-pradhyapaka, Prayuktakhyatamanjari, Prayuktapadamanjari, Prayuktasamskara, Prayuktatama.
Ends with (+3): Adhikaraprayukta, Aguruprayukta, Akaryaprayukta, Anatiprayukta, Anaviprayukta, Anuprayukta, Aprayukta, Atiprayukta, Aviprayukta, Chittasamprayukta, Chittaviprayukta, Cittasamprayukta, Cittaviprayukta, Dushprayukta, Kalaprayukta, Kshaiprayukta, Mithyaprayukta, Nityaprayukta, Phalaprayukta, Samprayukta.
Full-text (+33): Pautta, Viprayukta, Phalaprayukta, Suprayukta, Prayuktasamskara, Prayukti, Prayuktatama, Aprayuktata, Aprayuktatva, Prayuga, Sushthu, Aprayukta, Pirayuktam, Pajjutta, Suprayuktashara, Prayukta-praadhyaapak, Sopana, Mithyaprayukta, Paumjia, Aprayojaka.
Relevant text
Search found 14 books and stories containing Prayukta, Pra-yukta; (plurals include: Prayuktas, yuktas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 7.14 < [Chapter 7 - Literary Faults]
Text 7.7 < [Chapter 7 - Literary Faults]
Text 7.123 < [Chapter 7 - Literary Faults]
Philosophy of Charaka-samhita (by Asokan. G)
Dialectical terms (12): Purpose (prayojana) < [Chapter 7 - Logic and Dialectical Speculations]
Vakyapadiya of Bhartrihari (by K. A. Subramania Iyer)
Verse 1.91 < [Book 1 - Brahma-kāṇḍa (or Āgama-samuccaya)]
Shrimad Bhagavad-gita (by Narayana Gosvami)
Verse 3.36 < [Chapter 3 - Karma-yoga (Yoga through the Path of Action)]
A History of Indian Philosophy Volume 3 (by Surendranath Dasgupta)
Part 15 - God in the Rāmānuja School < [Chapter XX - Philosophy of the Rāmānuja School of Thought]
Part 21 - Śaila Śrīnivāsa < [Chapter XX - Philosophy of the Rāmānuja School of Thought]
Malatimadhava (study) (by Jintu Moni Dutta)
Part 5.3a - Pada-doṣa (defects of word) < [Chapter 2 - Literary Study of the Mālatīmādhava]