Kshudra, Kṣudrā: 16 definitions
Introduction
Introduction:
Kshudra means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit term Kṣudrā can be transliterated into English as Ksudra or Kshudra, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
In Hinduism
Ayurveda (science of life)
Source: Wisdom Library: Āyurveda and botanyKṣudrā (क्षुद्रा):—Another name for Kaṇṭakārī (Solanum xanthocarpum), a species of medicinal plant and used in the treatment of fever (jvara), as described in the Jvaracikitsā (or “the treatment of fever”) which is part of the 7th-century Mādhavacikitsā, a Sanskrit classical work on Āyurveda. Kṣudrā is derived from Kṣudra, of which the literal translation is “minute”, “diminutive” or “tiny”. In a different context, it can also translate to “cruel”, “mean”, “poor” or “wicked”
Source: WorldCat: Rāj nighaṇṭu1) Kṣudrā (क्षुद्रा) is another name for Kaṇṭakārī, a medicinal plant identified with Solanum xanthacarpum, a synonym of Solanum virginianum L. (“surattense nightshade” or “Thai eggplant”) from the Solanaceae or “nightshades” family of flowering plants, according to verse 4.30-32 of the 13th-century Raj Nighantu or Rājanighaṇṭu. The fourth chapter (śatāhvādi-varga) of this book enumerates eighty varieties of small plants (pṛthu-kṣupa). Together with the names Kṣudrā and Kaṇṭakārī, there are a total of fourteen Sanskrit synonyms identified for this plant.
2) Kṣudrā (क्षुद्रा) also represents a synonym for Kṣudracuñcu which is a variety of Cuñcu, an unidentified medicinal plant possibly identified with (i) Marsilea dentata Linn., (ii) Marsilea quadrifolia Linn. or (iii) Marsilea minuta Linn., according to verse 4.148-149. Together with the names Kṣudrā and Kṣudracuñcu, there are a total of eight Sanskrit synonyms identified for this plant.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Vastushastra (architecture)
Source: OpenEdition books: Architectural terms contained in Ajitāgama and RauravāgamaKṣudra (क्षुद्र) refers to “class of prāsāda § 4.5; 5.7.”.—(For paragraphs cf. Les enseignements architecturaux de l'Ajitāgama et du Rauravāgama by Bruno Dagens)
Vastushastra (वास्तुशास्त्र, vāstuśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science (shastra) of architecture (vastu), dealing with topics such architecture, sculpture, town-building, fort building and various other constructions. Vastu also deals with the philosophy of the architectural relation with the cosmic universe.
India history and geography
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical GlossaryKṣudra.—cf. Prakrit cūla=culla ‘small’; prefixed to the names of persons, localities, etc., in order to distinguish them from others; e. g., Kṣudra-Mūla, Mahā-Mūla; Kṣudra-Dharmagiri, Mahā-Dharmagiri. Note: kṣudra is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarykṣudra (क्षुद्र).—n (S) kṣudraka n (S) A fault, foible, failing, folly, weakness, defect.
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kṣudra (क्षुद्र) [or क्षुद्रक, kṣudraka].—a (S) Small or little, lit. fig.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishkṣudra (क्षुद्र).—n A fault, foible. a Small or little.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryKṣudra (क्षुद्र).—a. [kṣud-kartari rak] (compar. kṣodīyas; superl. kṣodiṣṭha)
1) Minute, small, tiny, little, trifling.
2) Mean, low, vile, base; क्षुद्रेऽपि नूनं शरणं प्रपन्ने (kṣudre'pi nūnaṃ śaraṇaṃ prapanne) Ku.1.12.
3) Wicked.
4) Cruel.
5) Poor, indigent.
6) Miserly, niggardly; Me.17.
7) Diminutive, short.
8) Trifling, insignificant.
9) Unimportant, minor.
-draḥ 1 A small particle of rice.
2) A bee or wasp.
-drā 1 A bee; क्षुद्राभिरक्षुद्रतराभि- राकुलम् (kṣudrābhirakṣudratarābhi- rākulam) Śi.12.54.
2) A fly or gnat.
3) A woman maimed or crippled.
4) A quarrelsome woman.
5) A prostitute, whore, harlot; उपसृष्टा इव क्षुद्राधिष्ठितभवनाः (upasṛṣṭā iva kṣudrādhiṣṭhitabhavanāḥ) K.17.
6) A base or despicable woman.
7) A dancing girl.
-dram Ved. A particle of dust, flour, meal; अव क्षुद्रमिव स्रवेत (ava kṣudramiva sraveta) Rv.1.129.6.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit DictionaryKṣudra (क्षुद्र).—(= kṣaudra, q.v.; compare Pali Lex. khudda, honey, Abhidh., see Childers), (1) epithet of madhu, = kṣau- dra(ṃ) madhu, (a kind of) honey: kṣudramadhusadṛśāni phalāni Mahāvastu ii.107.4; 108.4, 13; kṣudra-madhu (°dhv, °dhum) aneḍakaṃ (once °ko; or anel°) Mahāvastu i.339.8; 340.13; 341.7 (vv.ll. kṣaudra-, kṣudro, kṣudraṃ; at least 1 ms. each time kṣudra-); (2) adj., honey-like, honeyed, honey-, sweet: with yvāgu, gruel, Mahāvastu ii.84.9—10 (prose) kṣudrāye ca yvāgūye ghaṭikā haste; 13, 16 yvāgu (°gū) kṣudrā (n. sg.); kṣudra-kṣudrāṇi phalāni Mahāvastu iii.145.2, see s.v. kṣudra-pāka, in which kṣudra-seems to = Sanskrit svādu-.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryKṣudra (क्षुद्र).—mfn.
(-draḥ-drā-draṃ) 1. Small, little. 2. Mean, low. 3. Mean, niggardly, avaricious. 4. Cruel. 5. Poor, indigent. f.
(-drā) 1. A woman maimed or crippled, wanting a limb, &c. 2. A dancing girl. 3. A whore, a harlot. 4. A fly. 5. A bee or wasp. 6. A gnat, &c. 7. A prickly nightshade: see kaṇṭakārī. 8. The egg plant, (Solanum melongena.) 9. Sorrel, (Oxalis monadelpha.) E. kṣud to bruise or pound, Unadi affix rak.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryKṣudra (क्षुद्र).—[kṣud + ra], adj., f. rā. 1. Small, [Rāmāyaṇa] 3, 33, 21. 2. Mean, [Pañcatantra] iii. [distich] 89. Comparat. kṣodīyaṃs, superl. kṣodiṣṭha.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryKṣudra (क्षुद्र).—[adjective] small, minute (also kṣudraka); low, mean.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Kṣudra (क्षुद्र):—[from kṣud] mf(ā)n. ([Comparative degree] kṣodīyas, [superlative degree] diṣṭha, qq.vv.) minute, diminutive, tiny, very small, little, trifling, [Atharva-veda; Vājasaneyi-saṃhitā xiv, 30; Taittirīya-brāhmaṇa iii; Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa; Chāndogya-upaniṣad; Aitareya-upaniṣad; Yājñavalkya] etc.
2) [v.s. ...] mean, low, vile, [Manu-smṛti vii, 27; Yājñavalkya i, 309; Mahābhārata] etc.
3) [v.s. ...] wicked (said in joke), [Mālavikāgnimitra]
4) [v.s. ...] niggardly, avaricious, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
5) [v.s. ...] cruel, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
6) [v.s. ...] poor, indigent, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
7) [v.s. ...] m. a small particle of rice, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
8) [v.s. ...] = -roga (q.v.), [Suśruta]
9) [v.s. ...] = -panasa (q.v.), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
10) Kṣudrā (क्षुद्रा):—[from kṣudra > kṣud] f. ([Pāṇini 4-3, 119]) a kind of bee, [Bhāvaprakāśa]
11) [v.s. ...] a fly, gnat, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
12) [v.s. ...] a base or despicable woman, [Pāṇini 4-1, 131]
13) [v.s. ...] a maimed or crippled woman, [ib.; Patañjali]
14) [v.s. ...] a whore, harlot, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
15) [v.s. ...] a dancing girl, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
16) [v.s. ...] a quarrelsome woman, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
17) [v.s. ...] Name of several plants (Solanum Jacquini, also another variety of Solanum, Oxalis pusilla, Coix barbata, Nardostachys Jaṭā-māṃsī), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
18) Kṣudra (क्षुद्र):—[from kṣud] n. a particle of dust, flour, meal, [Ṛg-veda i, 129, 6 and viii, 49, 4;]
19) [v.s. ...] cf. [Lithuanian] kUdikis, ‘an infant’; [Persian] كودك kUdak, ‘small a boy.’
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryKṣudra (क्षुद्र):—(a) small; mean, base, petty; wicked; contemptible.
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See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+138): Kshudra Kalpana, Kshudrabaka, Kshudrabala, Kshudrabha, Kshudrabhantaki, Kshudrabhrit, Kshudrabuddhi, Kshudracampaka, Kshudracancu, Kshudracandana, Kshudracarita, Kshudrachandana, Kshudrachirbhata, Kshudrachuda, Kshudracirbhata, Kshudracirbhita, Kshudracuda, Kshudracuncu, Kshudradamshi, Kshudradamshika.
Ends with: Akshudra, Kshudranukshudra, Nahkshudra, Parakshudra, Parikshudra, Sitakshudra, Upakshudra, Vanekshudra, Vikshudra.
Full-text (+717): Kshodishtha, Kshudraroga, Kshudradamshika, Kshudrakambu, Kshudrata, Kshaudra, Vanekshudra, Kshudramlapanasa, Kshudrahan, Kshudracirbhita, Kshudrabuddhi, Kshudracuda, Kshudrakulisha, Khulla, Nahkshudra, Kshudrashardula, Kshudraphala, Kshudracandana, Kshudratata, Kshudrasuvarna.
Relevant text
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