Purima, Purimā: 8 definitions

Introduction
In Buddhism
1. Mahayana
In Jainism
1. General definition
Languages
1. Pali
2. Sanskrit
3. Prakrit
4. Tamil
See also

Introduction:

Purima means something in Buddhism, Pali, Jainism, Prakrit, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Tamil. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

In Buddhism

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

Purimā (“east”) represents one of the “ten directions” (diś in Sanskrit or disā in Pali) according to an appendix included in the 2nd century Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter XIV). Purimā or Puratthimā is a Pali word and is known in Sanskrit as pūrvā, in Tibetan as śar and in Chinese as tong.

context information

Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.

In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: archive.org: Aspects of Jaina Art and Architecture

Pūrima (पूरिम) (in Prakrit) refers to “images prepared by stuffed cast”.—Images of Tīrthaṃkaras were made of stones, metals, wood, clay, precious gems, jewels or semi-precious stones. Speaking about sthāpāna or installation of a symbol for a Guru during his absence, the Jaina canonical text Anuyogadvāra-sūtra says that it may be made of wood, stucco-work, painting, plaster, flower-work or knitting, or prepared by wrapped cloth or stuffed cast (pūrima), repousse or beaten metal work.

Note: Haribhadra Suri, commenting on it, has explained pūrima as bharima, that is, an object like a brass image cast with core inside. Pūrimabharima thus refers to the casting of images by lost-wax process. Haribhadra specifies that they contained some core (sa-garbha)

context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

purima : (adj.) former; earlier.

Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Purima, (adj.) (compar. -superl. formation fr. *pura, cp. Sk. purima) preceding, former, earlier, before (opp. pacchima) D. I, 179; Sn. 773, 791, 1011; Nd1 91; J. I, 110; SnA 149 (°dhura); PvA. 1, 26. In sequence p. majjhima pacchima; past, present, future (or first, second, last) D. I, 239 sq.; DA. I, 45 sq. and passim.—purimatara =purima J. I, 345 (°divase the day before).—attabhāva a former existence VvA. 78; PvA. 83, 103, 119.—jāti a previous birth PvA. 45, 62, 79, 90. (Page 469)

context information

Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

Purima (पुरिम).—adj. (also °maka, q.v.; = Pali id., also usually former; [Pali Text Society’s Pali-English Dictionary] gives only this meaning, but Jātaka (Pali) v.398.29 proves that it can also mean eastern; in mgs. 1 and 2 based on Sanskrit puras or MIndic equivalent, in meaning 3 on Sanskrit purā, in both with -ima, § 22.15; compare purastima; there is no ‘Sanskrit purima’ as alleged by [Pali Text Society’s Pali-English Dictionary]), (1) rarely, eastern, = purastima: Saddharmapuṇḍarīka 9.3 (verse, purimā-diśāya); Mahāvastu ii.56.19 (verse, °māṃ diśaṃ; same verse in Pali Jātaka (Pali) v.398.29 °maṃ disaṃ); ii.163.3 (°mā diśā); iii.305.19 (°māṃ diśāṃ; in same verse Lalitavistara 387.18 pūrvikāṃ); (2) front, especially in °maṃ kāyaṃ, front (part of the) body: Mahāvastu ii.126.5—6 (= kukṣi of Lalitavistara 254.20, udara-chavi of Majjhimanikāya (Pali) i.246.3); ii.131.15; 232.15; read probably purimaṃ, adv., in front, Mahāvastu i.217.3 and 227.13 (mss. corrupt, Senart em. violently); (3) regularly, former, preceding (in time), ancient, first: Saddharmapuṇḍarīka 48.1; 49.3; 55.9; 93.3; 115.11; 351.12 (here previously mentioned; all these verses); Lalitavistara (also only verses) 123.3; 161.21; 163.20, etc.; 363.5; 393.6; Mahāvastu (often in prose as well as verses) i.108.10; 142.11; ii.52.18; 200.12, 14; 206.15 (with mss. purimabhavajanetriye, of his mother in former births); 361.5; Suvarṇabhāsottamasūtra 225.8 (verse); Rāṣṭrapālaparipṛcchā (verses) 39.3; 52.7; 59.8; Sukhāvatīvyūha 23.14 and 24.3 (verses); purime yāme, in the first watch of the night, Mahāvastu i.4.6; 228.12; ii.283.14 (in parallel Lalitavistara 344.7 prathame); purimā koṭi Mahāvastu ii.148.3, the prior end (i.e. beginning, of the drama of the saṃsāra); adv. purime, = pure and pūrve, qq.v., of old, in former time: Lalitavistara (verses) 167.13; 168.13; 169.9; 393.9; Śikṣāsamuccaya 177.7 (verse); purime bhaveṣu Mahāvastu ii.341.4 (verse, favored by meter, lit. formerly in incarnations; compare purima-bhava Mahāvastu ii.361.5 et alibi; text bhavesu with 1 ms., v.l. bhavetsu, both hard to interpret); °meṇa, adv., formerly, Rāṣṭrapālaparipṛcchā 55.10 (verse).

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Pūrima (पूरिम) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Pūrima, Pūrimā.

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Prakrit-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary

1) Purima (पुरिम) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Paurastya.

2) Pūrima (पूरिम) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Pūrima.

3) Pūrimā (पूरिमा) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Pūrimā.

context information

Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.

Tamil dictionary

Source: DDSA: University of Madras: Tamil Lexicon

Pūrimā (பூரிமா) [pūri-mā] noun See பூரிமாயன். [purimayan.] (நாமதீபநிகண்டு [namathipanigandu] 227.)

context information

Tamil is an ancient language of India from the Dravidian family spoken by roughly 250 million people mainly in southern India and Sri Lanka.

Relevant text

Search found 6 books and stories containing Purima, Purimā, Pūrima, Pūrimā, Pūri-mā, Puri-ma, Poorimaa; (plurals include: Purimas, Purimās, Pūrimas, Pūrimās, mās, mas, Poorimaas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Chapter 16 - Āsevana paccaya (or repeatition condition)

Chapter 13 - Upanissaya paccayo (or decisive support condition)

Chapter 9 - Samanantara paccayo (or contiguity condition)

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Appendix 2 - The ten directions (diś) < [Chapter XIV - Emission of rays]

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Chapter 54 - The altar (śakti-lakṣaṇa)

Chapter 50 - The bodily ornaments and house-furniture (bhūṣaṇa)

Chapter 51 - The Triad (trimūrti: Brahmā, Viṣṇu, and Maheśa/Śiva)

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Part 2 - Five Series of The Buddha’s Activities < [Chapter 29 - The Buddha’s Eleventh Vassa at Brahmin Village of Nāḷa]

Chapter 34d - The Buddha’s Twentieth Vassa at Rājagaha < [Volume 4]