Punja, Puñja, Pumja: 20 definitions

Introduction:

Punja means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Buddhism, Pali, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

In Hinduism

Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)

Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by Varahamihira

Puñja (पुञ्ज) refers to a “clusters (of stars)”, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 11), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “The comets that resemble clusters of stars [i.e., tārā-puñja-nikāśa] are named Gaṇakā Ketus; they are 8 in number and are the sons of Prajāpati. Those that are oblongular in shape, are 204 in number and are the sons of Brahmā. The comets that resemble clusters of bamboo canes and that are as bright as the moon are named Kaṅkā Ketus; they are the sons of Varuṇa and are 32 in number. When they appear mankind will suffer miseries”.

Jyotisha book cover
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Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.

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Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

Puñja (पुञ्ज) refers to “massive heaps (of fatal missiles)”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.4.10 (“Boasting of Tāraka”).—Accordingly, as Tāraka-Asura fought with Kārttikeya: “[...] Both appeared to possess plenty of practice. Both had the desire to gain the upper hand. Both fought on foot, had wonderful forms and features and were equally courageous. With massive heaps of fatal missiles (ghāta-puñja) they hit each other. They had various ways of attack. They roared. They exhibited their all exploits. The onlookers, the gods, the Gandharvas and the Kinnaras were much surprised. They did not speak anything there. [...]”.

Purana book cover
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The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

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Sports, Arts and Entertainment (wordly enjoyments)

Source: archive.org: Syainika Sastra of Rudradeva with English Translation (art)

Puñja (पुञ्ज) refers to “great (merit)”, according to the Śyainika-śāstra: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by Rājā Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.—Accordingly, “[...] If one’s merit is so great (sukṛta-puñja) that one can aim at the attainment of the highest object of desire, one should give up all activities and practise complete renouncement. It is known from the Śāstras that even the enjoyment of the fruits of action causes annihilation of the fruits of activity, as in the case of the wise Saubhari, who enjoyed the objects of his senses for the release from bondage. [...]”.

Arts book cover
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This section covers the skills and profiencies of the Kalas (“performing arts”) and Shastras (“sciences”) involving ancient Indian traditions of sports, games, arts, entertainment, love-making and other means of wordly enjoyments. Traditionally these topics were dealt with in Sanskrit treatises explaing the philosophy and the justification of enjoying the pleasures of the senses.

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In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: The University of Sydney: A study of the Twelve Reflections

Puñja (पुञ्ज) refers to a “mass (of foam)”, according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “Fool , you must understand, in reality, substance is not acknowledged in a mass of foam (phena-puñja), the trunk of a plantain tree or in the body of human beings. The planets, moon, sun, stars and seasons go and come [but] certainly for embodied souls bodies do not [go and come] even in a dream”.

General definition book cover
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Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

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Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

puñja : (m.) a heap; pile; mass.

Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Puñja, (usually —°) (cp. Epic Sk. puñja) a heap, pile, mass, multitude Vin. II, 211; J. I, 146 (sabba-rogānaṃ). As —° in foll. cpds. : aṭṭhi° It. 17 (+aṭṭhikandala); kaṭṭha° A. III, 408; IV, 72; J. II, 327; gūtha° J. II, 211; tiṇa° A. III, 408; palāla° D. I, 71; M. III, 3; A. I, 241; II, 210; maṃsa° D. I, 52; vālika° J. VI, 560; saṅkhāra° S. I, 135.

Pali book cover
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Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

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Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

puñja (पुंज).—m (S) A heap or mass; an accumulation or a collection. 2 A little heap of corn given annually by a khōta or dhārēkarī to the mahāra & gurava for service rendered.

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puñjā (पुंजा).—m (puñja) A quantity of yarn or thread wound over the palm. It consists of from sixty to eighty tantu or threads. 2 m N. D. A little heap (as of dung, dirt, ashes, sweepings, rubbish): also a mass or quantity of chaffy, worm-eaten, or rotting (grain, wood, cloth, or other material). The word, although from puñja S Heap generally, is applied restrictedly.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

puñja (पुंज) [-puñjāḷa, -पुंजाळ].—m A heap or mass.

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puñjā (पुंजा).—m A quantity of yarn wound over the palm. A little heap.

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puñjā (पुंजा).—f Worship. pujā karaṇēṃ or ghālaṇēṃ To pommel or to rate soundly. pujā bāndhaṇēṃ To decorate an idol with flowers &c.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

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Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Puñja (पुञ्ज).—A heap, multitude, quantity, mass, collection; क्षीरोदवेलेव सफेनपुञ्जा (kṣīrodaveleva saphenapuñjā) Kumārasambhava 7.26; प्रत्युद्गच्छति मूर्च्छति स्थिरतमः पुञ्जे निकुञ्जे प्रियः (pratyudgacchati mūrcchati sthiratamaḥ puñje nikuñje priyaḥ) Gītagovinda 11.

Derivable forms: puñjaḥ (पुञ्जः).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Puñja (पुञ्ज).—m.

(-ñjaḥ) A heap, a quantity, a collection. E. puṃ man, jan to be born, aff. ḍa; also puṅga and puñji m.

(-ñjiḥ).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Puñja (पुञ्ज).—m. 1. A heap, a mass, Mahābhārata 3, 9957. 2. A quantity, Mark. P. 8, 82.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Puñja (पुञ्ज).—[masculine] heap, lump, mass, multitude of (—°).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Puñja (पुञ्ज):—m. (mostly ifc.; f(ā). ) a heap, mass, quantity, multitude, [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature etc.]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Puñja (पुञ्ज):—(ñjaḥ) 1. m. A heap; a quantity.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Puñja (पुञ्ज) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Puṃja, Vamāla.

[Sanskrit to German]

Punja in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

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Prakrit-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary

1) Puṃja (पुंज) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit words: Puñja, Puñja.

2) Puṃja (पुंज) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Puñja.

context information

Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.

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Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Puṃja (ಪುಂಜ):—[noun] = ಪುಂಚೈ [pumcai].

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Puṃja (ಪುಂಜ):—

1) [noun] the male of the chicken; a cock; a rooster.

2) [noun] (fig.) a strong or able man.

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Puṃja (ಪುಂಜ):—

1) [noun] a multitute of things; a heap, collection.

2) [noun] collectively the silk threads running lengthwise in a loom.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

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Nepali dictionary

Source: unoes: Nepali-English Dictionary

Puñja (पुञ्ज):—n. heap; mass; aggregate;

context information

Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.

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