Pundarika, Puṇḍarīkā, Puṇḍarīkā, Puṇḍarīka, Pundarīka, Pundarīkā, Pumdarika: 43 definitions

Introduction
In Hinduism
1. Ayurveda
2. Purana
3. Pancaratra
4. Vastushastra
5. Shilpashastra
6. Kavya
In Buddhism
In Jainism
1. General definition
India history
Biology
Languages
1. Pali
2. Sanskrit
3. Kannada
See also
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Introduction:

Pundarika means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, the history of ancient India, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

In Hinduism

Ayurveda (science of life)

Source: Wisdom Library: Āyurveda and botany

Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक):—One of the eighteen types of Kuṣṭha (“skin disease”), according to the Caraka-saṃhitā (cikitsāsthāna), which is an important Sanskrit work dealing with Āyurveda. This condition of the skin (kuṣṭha) is caused by the corruption of the three doṣas (tridoṣa: vāta, pitta and kapha) which in turn corrupts the skin, blood, muscle and lymph. Puṇḍarīka-kuṣṭha is characterized by witish with red margins, elevated, burning, and is like lotus leaves. Puṇḍarīka is caused by a preponderance of Pitta-doṣa (‘bodily bile’) and Kapha-doṣa (‘bodily phlegm’).

Source: Wisdom Library: Local Names of Plants and Drugs

Pundarika in the Hindi language is the name of a plant identified with Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. from the Nelumbonaceae (Lotus) family having the following synonyms: Nelumbium speciosum. For the possible medicinal usage of pundarika, you can check this page for potential sources and references, although be aware that any some or none of the side-effects may not be mentioned here, wether they be harmful or beneficial to health.

Source: archive.org: Sushruta samhita, Volume I

Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक)—Sanskrit word for a bird (“Caraka: puṇḍarīkākṣa, cf. mallikākṣa”). This animal is from the group called Plava (‘those which float’ or ‘those move about in large flocks’). Plava itself is a sub-group of the group of animals known as Ānupa (those that frequent marshy places).

Source: Shodhganga: Portrayal of Animal Kingdom (Tiryaks) in Epics An Analytical study

Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक) (lit. “one having a mark on forhead”) is a synonym (another name) for the Tiger (Vyāghra), according to scientific texts such as the Mṛgapakṣiśāstra (Mriga-pakshi-shastra) or “the ancient Indian science of animals and birds” by Hamsadeva, containing the varieties and descriptions of the animals and birds seen in the Sanskrit Epics such as the Ramayana and Mahabharata.

context information

Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: Wisdom Library: Bhagavata Purana

Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक):—Son of Nabha (son of Niṣadha). He had a son named Kṣemadhanvā. (see Bhāgavata Purāṇa 9.12.1)

Source: Wisdom Library: Bhavishya-purana

Pundarika (पुन्दरिक, “Lotus”):—The consequences of using various flowers in worship, (e.g. pundarika flowers) confers bliss and lasting wealth to the worshipper, according to the Bhaviṣya-purāṇa (brahmaparva, 197:1-11)

Source: Wisdom Library: Varāha-purāṇa

1) Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक).—One of the seven major mountains in Krauñcadvīpa, according to the Varāhapurāṇa chapter 88. All of these mountains are tall and filled with gems. It is also known by the name Toyāsaha.

2) Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक).—One of the seven major rivers situated in Krauñcadvīpa, according to the Varāhapurāṇa chapter 88. It is also known by the name Bahulā.

Krauñcadvīpa is one of the seven islands (dvīpa), ruled over by Jyotiṣmān, one of the ten sons of Priyavrata, who is the son of Svāyambhuva Manu, who was created by Brahmā, who was in turn created by Nārāyaṇa, the unknowable all-pervasive primordial being.

The Varāhapurāṇa is categorised as a Mahāpurāṇa, and was originally composed of 24,000 metrical verses, possibly originating from before the 10th century. It is composed of two parts and Sūta is the main narrator.

Source: archive.org: Puranic Encyclopedia

1) Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक).—A King born of the race of Śrī Rāma. He was the son of Niṣadha and father of Kṣemadhanvā. (9th Skandha, Bhāgavata).

2) Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक).—One of the Aṣṭadiggajas (elephants guarding the eight zones). (See under Aṣṭadiggajas).

3) Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक).—A brahmin who lived during the period of Nārada. Nārada once held a scholarly conversation with him on virtue. He saw Mahāviṣṇu in person and attained sāyujya (intimate union with a deity). (Chapter 124, Anuśāsana Parva).

4) Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक).—A great yajña. (Śloka 100, Chapter 5, Sabhā Parva).

5) Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक).—A holy place situated on the border of Kurukṣetra. One who bathes in a sacred pond there would get the benefit of doing a Puṇḍarīkayajña. (Śloka 83, Chapter 83, Vana Parva).

6) Puṇḍarīkā (पुण्डरीका).—A nymph. This maiden was present for the Janmotsava of Arjuna and performed a dance then. (Śloka 13, Chapter 122, Ādi Parva).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index

1a) Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक).—The son of Nabha and father of Kṣemadhanvan.^*

* Bhāgavata-purāṇa IX. 12. 1; Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 63. 202; Vāyu-purāṇa 88. 202; Viṣṇu-purāṇa IV. 4, 106. Matsya-purāṇa 12. 53.

1b) A mountain in Krauñcadvīpa.^*

* Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 19. 68; Matsya-purāṇa 122. 82; Vāyu-purāṇa 49. 63.

1c) An elephant born of Rathanthara.^*

* Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 7. 335; Vāyu-purāṇa 69. 219.

1d) A sacred tīrtha fit for śrāddha.^*

* Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 13. 56; Vāyu-purāṇa 77. 55.

1e) The name of a yājña or sacrifice.^*

* Matsya-purāṇa 53. 27; Vāyu-purāṇa 71. 77.

1f) A Nāga.^*

* Vāyu-purāṇa 69. 72.

1g) (also Puṇḍarikākṣa) Viṣṇu.^*

* Vāyu-purāṇa 106. 55; 108. 89; 109. 24 and 34.

2a) Puṇḍarīkā (पुण्डरीका).—The eldest daughter of Vasiṣṭha and Ūrjā; wife of Prāṇa (Pāṇḍu, son of Vidhāta and Āyatī, Vāyu-purāṇa.) and mother of Dyutimān.^*

* Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 11. 9, 40; Vāyu-purāṇa 28. 7, 34-5.

2b) A R. from the lake Payodā.^*

* Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 18. 70.

2c) A river in Krauñcadvīpā.^*

* Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa II. 19. 75; Matsya-purāṇa 122. 88; Vāyu-purāṇa 49. 69; Viṣṇu-purāṇa II. 4. 55.

2d) An Apsaras.^*

* Brahmāṇḍa-purāṇa III. 7. 8; Vāyu-purāṇa 69. 7.

3) Pundarīkā (पुन्दरीका).—A river rising on the western side of the Meru Mountain.^*

* Vāyu-purāṇa 47. 67.

Source: JatLand: List of Mahabharata people and places

Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक) is a name mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. V.101.13/V.103) and represents one of the many proper names used for people and places. Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Puṇḍarīka) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.

Puṇḍarīka also refers to the name of a Tīrtha (pilgrim’s destination) mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. III.81.69).

Source: Shodhganga: The saurapurana - a critical study

Puṇḍarikā (पुण्डरिका) refers to the daughter of Vasiṣṭha and Ūrjā: one of the twenty-four daughters of Dakṣa and Prasūti, according to the Vaṃśa (‘genealogical description’) of the 10th century Saurapurāṇa: one of the various Upapurāṇas depicting Śaivism.—Accordingly, Ākūti was married to Ruci and Prasūti to Dakṣa. Dakṣa produced in Prasūti twenty-four daughters. [...] [Ūrjā was given to Vasiṣṭha.] From Vasiṣṭha and Ūrjā, seven sons—Raja, Gotra, Ūrdhvabāhu, Savana, Anagha, Sutapā and Śukla and a daughter Puṇḍarikā were born.

context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa)

Source: Wisdom Library: Pāñcarātra

Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक):—One of the eight guardians of Vaikuṇṭha, according to the Pāñcarātra literature. These eight guardians are part of the celestial entourage of Viṣṇu.

Source: Universität Wien: Sudarśana's Worship at the Royal Court According to the Ahirbudhnyasaṃhitā

Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक) refers to “lotuses”, according to the Ahirbudhnyasaṃhitā, belonging to the Pāñcarātra tradition which deals with theology, rituals, iconography, narrative mythology and others.—Accordingly, “One desirous of a kingdom, one who has been deprived of it or one conquered by [other] rulers, after having paid respect with large masses of wealth to the supreme Guru, the giver of Sudarśana’s Yantra, considering [him] superior to all, should propitiate God Nārāyaṇa—who has large eyes like lotuses (puṇḍarīka-āyata-īkṣaṇa), is [of] dark [complexion], clad in a yellow garment, adorned with all ornaments and with four arms - following the rules given by the teacher. [...]”.

context information

Pancaratra (पाञ्चरात्र, pāñcarātra) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Narayana is revered and worshipped. Closeley related to Vaishnavism, the Pancaratra literature includes various Agamas and tantras incorporating many Vaishnava philosophies.

Vastushastra (architecture)

Source: Wisdom Library: Vāstu-śāstra

Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक) refers to a type of temple (prāsāda) classified, according to Samarāṅgaṇasūtradhāra chapter 57. The temple is mentioned as one of the twenty temples being a favorite of Viṣṇu. The Samarāṅgaṇasūtradhāra is an 11th-century encyclopedia dealing with various topics from the Vāstuśāstra.

context information

Vastushastra (वास्तुशास्त्र, vāstuśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science (shastra) of architecture (vastu), dealing with topics such architecture, sculpture, town-building, fort building and various other constructions. Vastu also deals with the philosophy of the architectural relation with the cosmic universe.

Shilpashastra (iconography)

Source: archive.org: Illustrations of Indian Music and Dance in Western Indian Style

Puṇḍarika (पुण्डरिक) refers to one of the forty-seven tānas (tone) used in Indian music.—The illustration of Puṇḍarika (as a deity) according to 15th-century Indian art is as follows.—The colour of his body is yellow. His face is similar to the face of a horse. A viṇā is in his both hands.

The illustrations (of, for example Puṇḍarika) are found scattered throughout ancient Jain manuscripts from Gujarat. The descriptions of these illustrations of this citrāvalī are based on the ślokas of Vācanācārya Gaṇi Sudhākalaśa’s Saṅgītopaniṣatsāroddhāra (14^th century) and Śārṅgadeva’s Saṅgītaratnākara (13^th century).

context information

Shilpashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, śilpaśāstra) represents the ancient Indian science (shastra) of creative arts (shilpa) such as sculpture, iconography and painting. Closely related to Vastushastra (architecture), they often share the same literature.

Kavya (poetry)

Source: Wisdom Library: Kathāsaritsāgara

Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक) is the name of a young Brāhman, according to the Kathāsaritsāgara (story of king Sumanas).—[...] In due time Candrāpīḍa was anointed as Crown Prince, and started on an expedition of world-conquest. At the end of it he reached Kailāsa, and, while resting there, was led one day in a vain chase of a pair of Kinnaras to the shores of the Acchoda Lake. There he beheld a young ascetic maiden, Mahāśvetā, who told him how she, being a Gandharva princess, had seen and loved a young Brāhman Puṇḍarīka; how he, returning her feeling, had died from the torments of a love at variance with his vow; how a divine being had carried his body to the sky, and bidden her not to die, for she should be reunited with him; and how she awaited that time in a life of penance

context information

Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.

In Buddhism

Theravada (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Pali Kanon: Pali Proper Names

1. Pundarika. One of the state elephants of Pasenadi. DhA.ii.1.

2. Pundarika. A Niraya; it is a period of suffering in Avici, equal to twenty Uppalaka. S.i.152; SN., p.126; SNA.ii.476.

3. Pundarika. One of the four treasure troves left behind by the Buddha when he renounced the world. DA.i.284.

Pundarika Sutta. A monk, staying in a forest tract in Kosala, once entered a lotus pool and inhaled the scent of a lotus. The deva of the forest, desirous of his welfare, called him scent thief and engaged him in conversation, whereby he was greatly agitated. S.i.204f.

-- or --

. A class of nymphs who provided music for Sakka, or, perhaps, the name of some musical instruments. See VvA.93, 96, 211; and 372f.

context information

Theravāda is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Maha Prajnaparamita Sastra

Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक) is the name of a hell according to the 2nd century Mahāprajñāpāramitāśāstra (chapter XXII).—Accordingly, “Twenty stays in the Utpala hell equal one stay in the Fen t’o li kia (Puṇḍarīka) hell. – Twenty stays in the Puṇḍarīka hell equals one stay in the Mo ho po t’eou mo (Mahāpadma) hell. Kokālika has fallen into the Mahāpadma hell”.

Source: academia.edu: A Study and Translation of the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā

Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक) refers to a “white lotus flower”, according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā: the eighth chapter of the Mahāsaṃnipāta (a collection of Mahāyāna Buddhist Sūtras).—Accordingly, as Bodhisattva Gaganagañja explains to Bodhisattva Ratnaśrī what kind of concentration should be purified: “[...] (16) [when the Bodhisattvas attain] the concentration called ‘Courageous mind’, all the Māra of vices will be frightened; (17) [when the Bodhisattvas attain] the concentration called ‘White lotus flower’ (puṇḍarīka-samādhi), they will be unsullied by the world; (18) [when the Bodhisattvas attain] the concentration called ‘Splendor of lotus’, their thoughts will be adorned; [...]”.

Source: De Gruyter: A Buddhist Ritual Manual on Agriculture

Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक) refers to “white white lotuses” (covering the lotus-lake near Aḍakavatī), according to the Vajratuṇḍasamayakalparāja, an ancient Buddhist ritual manual on agriculture from the 5th-century (or earlier), containing various instructions for the Sangha to provide agriculture-related services to laypeople including rain-making, weather control and crop protection.—Accordingly, [when the Bhagavān reached the vicinity of the residence of Vaiśravaṇa], “[...] That lotus lake was covered by various blue lotuses, lotuses, white water-lilies and white lotuses (puṇḍarīka). It contained various fish, Makaras, Timiṅgilas, alligators, bees and various other water-born beings. [...]”

context information

Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.

Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)

Source: WikiPedia: Tibetan Buddhism

Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक) (in Tibetan: Pema Karpo) (176–76 BCE) refers to the second of the twenty-five Kalki kings (of Shambhala) who represents the holders of the Kalachakra (“wheel of time”) teachings of Buddha Shakyamuni.—The king Puṇḍarīka is described as “white lotus, cherished by the Lord of Potala”.—King Puṇḍarīka wrote a commentary called Vimalaprabha or “Stainless Light”. This text, together with the Śrī Kālacakra, is the source text of the Kalachakra system as it is now practiced. Other practice texts are commentaries on these two. The Dalai Lamas are said to be incarnations of Puṇḍarīka.

Source: MDPI Books: The Ocean of Heroes

Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक) is the author of the Vimalaprabhā: a commentary on the Kālacakra and was composed in the first half of the 11th century. The Vimalaprabhā may be contemporaneous with or is slightly later than the Kālacakra.—Note: For the chronology of the Laghutantraṭīkā and the Vimalaprabhā, see particularly (Cicuzza 2001, p. 13; Isaacson and Sferra 2014, p. 97, footnote 18; Sferra 2015, p. 343; Isaacson and Sferra 2015 b, p. 477).

context information

Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.

In Jainism

General definition (in Jainism)

Source: Wisdom Library: Jainism

Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक).—Name of a lake situated on top of the Śikharin mountain range. There are seven such mountain ranges (or, varṣadharaparvatas) located in Jambūdvīpa according to Jaina cosmology. Puṇḍarīka has at its centre a large padmahrada (lotus-island), which is home to the Goddess Lakṣmī. Jambūdvīpa sits at the centre of madhyaloka (‘middle world’) and is the most important of all continents and it is here where human beings reside.

Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक) is the name of a garden situated above Nandana (a terrace grove), which is situated 500 yojanas from Bhadraśālā, which is located at the base of mount Meru, which lies at in the center of Jambudvīpa. Jambūdvīpa sits at the centre of madhyaloka (‘middle world’) is the most important of all continents and it is here where human beings reside.

Source: archive.org: The Jaina Iconography

Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक) is the name of the chowrie-bearer accompanying Dharmanātha: the fifteenth of twenty-four Tīrthaṃkaras or Jinas, commonly depicted in Jaina iconography.—The symbol by which an image of Dharmanātha is to be recognised is Vajradaṇḍa or thunder-bolt. The Yakṣa couple to attend upon him are respectively called Kinnara and Kandarpā (Digambara Mānasī). The position of a fanner has been taken up by Puṇḍarīka-Vāsudeva. The Kevala tree for him is called Dadhiparṇa or Saptacchada.

Source: archive.org: Trisastisalakapurusacaritra

1a) Pundarīkā (पुन्दरीका) refers to one of the eight Dikkumārīs living on the northern Rucaka mountains (in the Rucakadvīpa continent), according to chapter 1.2 [ādīśvara-caritra] of Hemacandra’s 11th century Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism.

1b) Puṇḍarīkā (पुण्डरीका) is the name of an Apsaras, instructed by Śakra to help in the preparations of Ṛṣabha’s wedding-preparations, according to chapter 1.2.

2a) Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक) is the name of a Vidyādhara-city, situated on mount Vaitāḍhya (in the southern row), according to chapter 1.3.

2b) Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक) is the name of a Gaṇadhara of Lord Ṛṣabha, according to chapter 1.6. Accordingly, “[...] surrounded by Puṇḍarīka and other Gaṇadharas, the Lord went purifying the earth under pretext of wandering”

2c) Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक) is another name for Puruṣapuṇḍarīka, the son of Lakṣmīvatī and Mahāśiras, and one of the nine black Vāsudevas, according to chapter 1.6 .— Accordingly: “[...] There will be nine black Vāsudevas, enjoyers of three parts of the earth, with half so much power as the Cakrins. [...] In Cakrapurī, Puruṣapuṇḍarīka, in the interval between Ara and Malli, son of Lakṣmīvatī and Mahāśiras, nineteen bows tall, living for sixty-five thousand years, will go to the sixth hell”.

2d) Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक) is the name of a lake situated on the Śikharin mountain, which resided in the Bhārata zone of Jambūdvīpa which is situated in the “middle world” (madhyaloka), according to chapter 2.2.—Accordingly:—“Making the division between these there are 7 mountain-ranges, bounding the zones: Himavat, Mahāhimavat, Niṣadha, Nīla, Rukmin, and Śikharin with equal diameter at the base and top. [...] The lake Puṇḍarīka on Mount Śikharin is equal to Padma. [...] In all the lakes, [e.g., Puṇḍarīka, etc.], there are full-blown lotuses buried 10 yojanas in the water. Moreover, here are (the goddesses) Śrī, Hrī, Dhṛti, Kīrti, Buddhi, and Lakṣmī respectively, with life-periods of a palya, together with Sāmānikas, gods of the councils, bodyguards, and armies”.

Source: Encyclopedia of Jainism: Tattvartha Sutra

Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक) refers to one of the fourteen limbs of the external-corpus (aṅga-bāhya). The Aṅgabāhya refers to one of the two types of scriptural knowledge (śruta), which refers to one of the five types of knowledge (jñāna). according to the 2nd-century Tattvārthasūtra 1.20, “scriptural knowledge (śruta) preceded by sensory knowledge (mati) is of two, or of twelve or of many kinds (e.g., pundarika)”.

Source: Encyclopedia of Jainism: Tattvartha Sutra 3: The Lower and middle worlds

Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक) is a lake lying on top of mount Śikharī (Śikharin), situated in Jambūdvīpa: the first continent of the Madhya-loka (middle-word), according to the 2nd-century Tattvārthasūtra 3.10. There is a giant lotus (puṣkara) in the centre of the lakes (e.g., Puṇḍarīka). In these lotuses live the nymphs (e.g., Lakṣmī, ‘wealth’ for the Puṇḍarīka lake), whose lifetime is one pit-measured period (playa) and who live with Sāmānikas (co-chiefs) and Pāriṣadas (counsellors). A sāmānika is a deity who is equal to Indra in life-span, power and enjoyment but lack grandeur. The pāriṣadas (counsellors) are friendly deities who are members of Indra’s council.

Jambūdvīpa (where lies the Puṇḍarīka lake) is in the centre of all continents and oceans; all continents and oceans are concentric circles with Jambūdvīpa in the centre. Like the navel is in the centre of the body, Jambūdvīpa is in the centre of all continents and oceans. Sumeru Mount is in the centre of Jambūdvīpa. It is also called Mount Sudarśana.

context information

Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.

India history and geography

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical Glossary

Puṇḍarīka.—(CII 3; BL), name of a sacrifice. Note: puṇḍarīka is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.

context information

The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.

Biology (plants and animals)

Source: Google Books: CRC World Dictionary (Regional names)

Pundarika in India is the name of a plant defined with Artemisia sieversiana in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Absinthium sieversianum Besser (among others).

Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):

· Report of the First Scientific Expedition to Manchoukou (1935)
· Botaničeskij Žurnal (1990)
· Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden (1994)
· Grassland of China (1989)
· Botaničeskij Žurnal (1991)
· Botanical Magazine (1909)

If you are looking for specific details regarding Pundarika, for example pregnancy safety, extract dosage, chemical composition, health benefits, diet and recipes, side effects, have a look at these references.

context information

This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.

Languages of India and abroad

Pali-English dictionary

Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionary

puṇḍarīka : (nt.) white lotus.

Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary

Puṇḍarīka, (nt.) (Non-Aryan (?). Cp. Vedic puṇḍarīka) the white lotus D. I, 75=A. III, 26 (in sequence uppala, padụma, p.); D. II, 4 (Sikhī puṇḍarīkassa mūle abhisambuddho); M. III, 93; S. I, 138, 204=J. III, 309; A. I, 145 (uppala paduma p.); II, 86 sq. (samaṇa° adj.); Sn. 547; J. V, 45, 215 (°ttac’aṅgī=ratta-paduma-patta-vaṇṇasarīrā); Vv 4412 (=seta-kamala VvA. 191); Pv. II, 122; III, 33 (pokkharaṇī bahu °ā); Pug. 63; DA. I, 219, 284 (saṅkho elo uppalo puṇḍarīko ti cattāro nidhayo). N. of a hell S. I, 152; Sn. p. 126 (here in sq. Uppalaka, Puṇḍ°, Paduma). (Page 465)

context information

Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक).—1 A lotus-flower, especially a white lotus; Nelumbium Speciosum; हृत्पुण्डरीकान्तरसंनिविष्टं स्वतेजसा व्याप्तनभोऽवकाशम् (hṛtpuṇḍarīkāntarasaṃniviṣṭaṃ svatejasā vyāptanabho'vakāśam) Śivakavacha; Uttararāmacarita 6.12,29; Mālatīmādhava (Bombay) 9.14.

2) A white parasol.

3) A medicine, drug.

-kaḥ 1 The white colour.

2) Name of the elephant presiding over the south-east direction; तेन द्विपानामिव पुण्डरीको राज्ञामजय्योऽजनि पुण्डरीकः (tena dvipānāmiva puṇḍarīko rājñāmajayyo'jani puṇḍarīkaḥ) R.18.8.

3) A tiger.

4) A kind of serpent.

5) A species of rice.

6) A kind of leprosy.

7) A fever in an elephant.

8) A kind of mango tree.

9) A pitcher, water-pot.

1) Fire.

11) A (sectarial) mark on the fore-head.

12) A kind of sacrifice; पुण्डरीकसहस्रेण वाजपेयशतैस्तथा (puṇḍarīkasahasreṇa vājapeyaśataistathā) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 7.63.2.

13) Name of an ancient and renowned devotee of the god Viṭhobā.

Derivable forms: puṇḍarīkam (पुण्डरीकम्).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक).—(1) name of a locality: Mahā-Māyūrī 91; (2) v.l. for Pauṇḍarīka, 2, q.v., name of a former Buddha.

--- OR ---

Puṇḍarīkā (पुण्डरीका).—name of a devakumārikā in the Western Quarter: Lalitavistara 390.5.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक).—m.

(-kaḥ) 1. The elephant presiding over the south-east quarter. 2. A leopard. 3. A sort of snake called Rajila; (Amphisbœna.) 4. A fragrant kind of mango. 5. Fever affecting an elephant. 6. A variety of the sugarcane. 7. A silk worm, (koṣakāra) 8. A student’s waterpot “Kamandalu.” 9. White, the colour. 10. A sort of leprosy. 11. A species of rice. 12. Fire. 13. A mark on the forehead with sandal, &c. n.

(-kaṃ) 1. A white lotus. 2. A lotus in general. 3. A white umbrella. 4. A kind of drug. E. puḍi to grind; or according to some, to adorn, Unadi aff. īka, and the form irr.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक).—I. n. 1. The white lotus flower. 2. A lotus in general, [Rāmāyaṇa] 2, 95, 3 Gorr. Ii. m. 1. A kind of sacrifice, Mahābhārata 3, 1133. 2. A kind of rice. 3. A kind of leprosy. 4. The elephant of the south-east quarter, [Raghuvaṃśa, (ed. Stenzler.)] 18, 7.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक).—[neuter] a lotus-flower, [especially] a white one (poss. vant); [masculine] a man’s name, [feminine] ā a woman’s name.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Aufrecht Catalogus Catalogorum

Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक) as mentioned in Aufrecht’s Catalogus Catalogorum:—poet. [Sūktikarṇāmṛta by Śrīdharadāsa] Quoted by Ānandavardhana Report. p. 65.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक):—n. (√puṇ [?]; cf. [Uṇādi-sūtra iv, 20 [Scholiast or Commentator]]) a lotus-flower ([especially] a white lotus; ifc. expressive of beauty cf. [gana] vyāghrādi), [Ṛg-veda] etc. etc. (it is sacred to Śikhin, one of the Buddhas, [Monier-Williams’ Buddhism 515])

2) a white umbrella, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

3) a kind of drug, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

4) (m. or n. ?) a mark on the forehead, [Śatruṃjaya-māhātmya]

5) Name of a Tīrtha, [Mahābhārata]

6) m. a kind of sacrifice, [Mahābhārata]

7) a species of rice, [Suśruta]

8) a kind of fragrant mango, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

9) Artemisia Indica, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

10) a variety of the sugar-cane, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

11) a tiger, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

12) a kind of bird, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

13) a kind of serpent, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

14) a kind of leprosy, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

15) fever in an elephant, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

16) white (the colour), [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

17) Name of a Nāga, [Mahābhārata]

18) of the elephant of the south-east quarter, [Raghuvaṃśa]

19) of an ancient king, [Mahābhārata]

20) of a son of Nabha or Nabhas, [Harivaṃśa]

21) of a Brāhman renowned for filial piety, and afterwards worshipped as the god Viṭhobā, [Religious Thought and Life in India 263]

22) (with Jainas) of a Gaṇa-dhara, [Śatruṃjaya-māhātmya]

23) of a hermit (son of Śvetaketu and Lakṣmī), [Kādambarī]

24) of a poet, [Catalogue(s)]

25) of a mountain, [Śatruṃjaya-māhātmya]

26) Puṇḍarīkā (पुण्डरीका):—[from puṇḍarīka] f. Name of an Apsaras, [Mahābhārata]

27) [v.s. ...] of a daughter of Vasiṣṭha (wife of Prāṇa or Pāṇḍu), [Viṣṇu-purāṇa]

28) [v.s. ...] of a river in Krauñca-dvīpa, [ib.]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक):—(kaḥ) 1. m. The elephant of the south-east quarter; a leopard; amphisbæna; fragrant mango; elephant fever; sugarcane; silkworm; student’s water-pot; whiteness; leprosy. n. Lotus; white lotus; white umbrella; a drug.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Puṇḍarīka (पुण्डरीक) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Puṃḍarīa, Puṃḍīrīyā, Poṃḍarī.

[Sanskrit to German]

Pundarika in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Puṃḍarīka (ಪುಂಡರೀಕ):—

1) [noun] the lotus plant Nelumbo nucifera ( = Nelumbium speciosum) of Nymphaeaceae family.

2) [noun] its white flower.

3) [noun] a white umbrella (usu. used symbolically for deity or king in a procession.

4) [noun] a tiger.

5) [noun] a sectarian mark made on the forehead with sandal.

6) [noun] a frog.

7) [noun] (myth.) the wish-yeilding tree of the heaven.

8) [noun] the mythological elephant guarding the south-east direction.

9) [noun] a banner; a flag.

10) [noun] Brahman, the Creator.

11) [noun] the characteristic loud cry of a horse; neigh; a whinny.

12) [noun] a kind of artemisia plant of Asteraceae family.

13) [noun] a mound of earth, leaves, etc., formed by a colony of ants in digging or constructing their underground nest, in which snakes dwell; an ant-hill.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

Relevant text

Search found 82 books and stories containing Pundarika, Puṇḍarīkā, Puṇḍarīkā, Puṇḍarīka, Pundarīka, Pundarīkā, Pumdarika, Puṃḍarīka; (plurals include: Pundarikas, Puṇḍarīkās, Puṇḍarīkas, Pundarīkas, Pundarīkās, Pumdarikas, Puṃḍarīkas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Verse 5.8.24 < [Chapter 8 - The Killing of Kaṃsa]

Verse 4.16.3 < [Chapter 16 - The Srī Yamunā Armor]

Verse 2.25.21 < [Chapter 25 - The Rāsa-dance Pastime]

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Verse 2.7.9 < [Chapter 7 - The Meeting of Gadādhara and Puṇḍarīka]

Verse 2.7.70 < [Chapter 7 - The Meeting of Gadādhara and Puṇḍarīka]

Introduction to chapter 7 < [Chapter 7 - The Meeting of Gadādhara and Puṇḍarīka]

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Words with special connotations < [Chapter 6 - Grammatical Aspects]

Mythical Informations < [Chapter 4 - Cultural Aspects]

Fauna (10): Miscellaneous information relating to Fauna < [Chapter 5 - Aspects of Nature]

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