Perception: 3 definitions
Introduction:
Perception means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Ayurveda (science of life)
Perception or “Knowledge gained through Perception” (Sanskrit: pratyakṣa) refers to one of various means of accessing exact Knowledge, according to the Charaka Samhita (verse 11.3-6).—Knowledge from direct perception arises as a result of the combined action of sense objects, sense, mind and self, each of which is indispensable for perception (Charaka Samhita verse 11.17). Though perception has been sub-classified into five sub-types based on contact with substance, guna etc., authorities agree that, ‘in reality knowledge that results as the effect of sense contact’ would fulfil the definition of perception.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Yoga (school of philosophy)
Perception (of a knowing subject’s own consciousness) is denoted by the Sanskrit term Pramātṛtā, according to Kṣemarāja’s Pratyabhijñāhṛdaya.—Accordingly, while discussing easy methods of Yoga practice: “[...] By apprehending the absence of thought because there is no thinking at all, one becomes full of the perception (pramātṛtā) of a knowing subject’s own consciousness devoid of defects such as the body and so on, and one soon obtains immersion in the fourth [state] and that beyond the fourth [state], [an immersion] whose expansiveness is [always] opening out”.
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
1) Perception refers to one of the “Five Aggregates” (i.e., “that which comprises the ‘person’”) which are known in Tibetan as phung po lnga.—Accordingly, [while describing the Svātantrika Madhyamaka philosophical school], [regarding the mode of imputation based on the aggregates]: [...] Some Saṃmatīyas say that all Five Aggregates [e.g., perceptions] are the self. Although schools from the Svātantrikas on down claim that the person is a mere imputation based on the aggregates, they think that if the aggregates are the basis of the imputation of a person, the aggregates necessarily are the person; and they believe that the aggregates are imputed as being the person. [...]
2) Perception refers to one of the “Eleven Sources of Valid Cognition” (among Cārakīya Jaiminīyas) which are known in Tibetan as: tshad ma bcu gcig.—Most Mīmāṃsakas assert six sources of valid cognition, while the Cārakīya Jaiminīyas assert eleven sources of valid cognition [e.g., perception] and also teach a division into forty-eight functional forces.
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Full-text (+2209): Pratyaksha, Pramana, Jnanendriya, Manas, Bodha, Samvada, Upalabdhi, Samvitti, Samjna, Sanna, Sakshatkara, Indriyabuddhi, Anubhuti, Vedana, Avabodha, Anupalabdhi, Prama, Sambuddhi, Anupalambha, Samsparsha.
Relevant text
Search found 510 books and stories containing Perception; (plurals include: Perceptions). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Resident Perceptions toward Tourism Development at a Large Scale < [Volume 11, Issue 18 (2019)]
Spatial Dependencies and the Relationship between Subjective Perception and... < [Volume 14, Issue 7 (2022)]
Meta-Understanding of Environmental Perception in Tourism < [Volume 12, Issue 4 (2020)]
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (MDPI)
The Influence of Communication on College Students’ Self–Other... < [Volume 18, Issue 23 (2021)]
The Influence of SNS on Policy Support to Mitigate Public Health Crises < [Volume 19, Issue 17 (2022)]
How Do Healthy Women Perceive the Risk of Breast Cancer? The Role of Illness... < [Volume 19, Issue 19 (2022)]
Visuddhimagga (the pah of purification) (by Ñāṇamoli Bhikkhu)
(1) The Base Consisting of Boundless Space < [Chapter X - The Immaterial States (āruppa-niddesa)]
The Truth of the Cessation of Suffering (nirodha) < [Chapter XVI - The Faculties and Truths (indriya-sacca-niddesa)]
Knowledge of Rise and Fall—I < [Chapter XX - Purification by Knowledge and Vision of the Path and the Not-path]
The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences
Nursing Students' DREEM Model Perceptions at an Iranian University < [v.20(4): 1–103 2013 Jul]
UM Dental Students' Educational Environment and Stress Experience < [v.23(3): 1–97 2016 May]
Big Sib Students’ Perceptions of Learning at USM Using DREEM < [Volume 17 (issue 3), Jul-Sep 2010]
Optimising the learning environment for undergraduate students in the... < [Vol 61, No 4 (July/August) (2019)]
Knowledge and perception of Family Medicine among medical students at... < [Vol 61, No 5 (September/October) (2019)]
Obesity and health problems among South African healthcare workers < [Vol 53, No 6 (November/December) (2011)]
The Nyaya theory of Knowledge (by Satischandra Chatterjee)
Part 4 - The Nyaya definitions of perception < [Chapter 6 - The definition of Perception]
Part 1 - Nirvikalpaka and Savikalpaka perception < [Chapter 9 - Three modes of ordinary perception]
Part 2 - The Buddhist definition of perception < [Chapter 6 - The definition of Perception]
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