Patita, Patīta, Pātita, Paṭita, Pāṭita, Patitā: 24 definitions
Introduction:
Patita means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Patit.
In Hinduism
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Source: archive.org: The mirror of gesture (abhinaya-darpana)One of six movements of the Brows: Patita: the brows being at rest, are made to frown. Usage: distaste, astonishment, jealousy.
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Dharmashastra (religious law)
Source: Wisdom Library: Dharma-śāstraPatita (पतित) is a Sanskrit word referring to “Brāhmaṇa-murderer and the like”. The word is used throughout Dharmaśāstra literature such as the Manusmṛti. (also see the Manubhāṣya verse 4.213)
Dharmashastra (धर्मशास्त्र, dharmaśāstra) contains the instructions (shastra) regarding religious conduct of livelihood (dharma), ceremonies, jurisprudence (study of law) and more. It is categorized as smriti, an important and authoritative selection of books dealing with the Hindu lifestyle.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English TranslationPatita (पतित) refers to “falling down” (unconscious), according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.19 (“Kāma’s destruction by Śiva”).—Accordingly, as Brahmā narrated to Naradā: “[...] With pallid face and limbs, the extremely agitated daughter of the king of mountains returned to her palace taking the maids along with her. Due to the misery on account of the death of her husband, Rati fell down [i.e., patita] unconscious, as if dead. When she regained consciousness after a while, Rati in her great agitation lamented loudly and said:—[...]”.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana IndexPatita (पतित).—A fallen person from the path of righteousness, piṇḍa to be given in the evening and no pollution; whoever he be, even the guru, he must be abandoned; but the fallen mother must not be abandoned.*
- * Matsya-purāṇa 227. 59, 150.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres)
Source: Shodhganga: a concise history of Sanskrit Chanda literaturePatitā (पतिता) refers to one of the 135 metres (chandas) mentioned by Nañjuṇḍa (1794-1868 C.E.) in his Vṛttaratnāvalī. Nañjuṇḍa was a poet of both Kannada and Sanskrit literature flourished in the court of the famous Kṛṣṇarāja Woḍeyar of Mysore. He introduces the names of these metres (e.g., Patitā) in 20 verses.
Chandas (छन्दस्) refers to Sanskrit prosody and represents one of the six Vedangas (auxiliary disciplines belonging to the study of the Vedas). The science of prosody (chandas-shastra) focusses on the study of the poetic meters such as the commonly known twenty-six metres mentioned by Pingalas.
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by VarahamihiraPāṭita (पाटित) means “crossing” (i.e., the crossing of the solar disc by a rainbow), according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 3), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “If the solar disc should be crossed by [i.e., pāṭita] the rainbow the princes of the land will be at war with one another. If in winter the disc be clear there will be immediate rain. If in Varṣā the colour of the sun be that of the flower Śirīṣa there will be immediate rain; if the colour be that of the peacock’s plume there will be no rain for twelve years to come”.
Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
Kavya (poetry)
Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (kavya)Patita (पतित) refers to “(being) cast upon the surfaces”, according to Bāṇa’s Kādambarī (p. 225-226).—Accordingly, while describing the shire of the Goddess Caṇḍikā, “[Then follows the image of the Goddess Caṇḍikā, which matches the conception of Kālarātri in the passage from the Mahābhārata:] Her feet were never bereft of cloths [dyed with] red lac thrown upon the mound of her seat [on the altar] as if they were the lives of all creatures arrived there for shelter; she resembled an inhabitant of the Underworld because of the intense darkness obstructed [only] by the flashes from axes, spears, etc., weapons deadly for beings, that seemed to hold nets of hair stuck from decapitations because of the reflections of black yak-tail whisks cast [upon their surfaces] (patita); [...]”.
Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.
Yoga (school of philosophy)
Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (yoga)Patita (पतित) or Madhyapatita refers to “having fallen into”, according to the 17th-century Yogacintāmaṇi by Śivānandasarasvatī, a text dealing with Haṭhayoga consisting of 3423 verses.—Accordingly, “Having bowed to Śrīvyāsa, the ascetic Śaṅkara, the teacher of the world, [my] teacher Śrīrāmacandra, whose lotus feet are intense bliss, and all of the gods of yogins, the ascetic Śivānanda has written clearly the great Yogacintāmaṇi, which had fallen into (madhya-patita) an ocean of various texts and has the power to explain everything”.
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: De Gruyter: A Buddhist Ritual Manual on AgriculturePatita (पतित) refers to the “falling (of rain)” (or the absence thereof), according to the Vajratuṇḍasamayakalparāja, an ancient Buddhist ritual manual on agriculture from the 5th-century (or earlier), containing various instructions for the Sangha to provide agriculture-related services to laypeople including rain-making, weather control and crop protection.—Accordingly, [after the Bhagavān reached the vicinity of the residence of Vaiśravaṇa], “Then at the time of drought [e.g., patita—anāvṛṣṭipatite kāle] [at] the lotus lake, all forest flowers, fruits, leaves and foliage were dry, the flowers withered. The fish, Makaras, Timiṅgilas, alligators, bees and various other water-born beings were deprived of water, and when only little water remained they fled in the ten directions, dashed, ran with pained hearts because their lives were obstructed and ruined”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
India history and geography
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical GlossaryPatita.—(LP), uncultivated. Note: patita is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
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Pātita.—(Ep. Ind., Vol. XXXV, p. 14), ‘killed in a battle’. Note: pātita is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionarypatita : (pp. of patati) fallen down; alighted on. || pātita (pp. of pāteti) felled; thrown off; killed.
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English DictionaryPatīta, (pp. of pacceti) pleased, delighted Dh. 68; Sn. 379, 679; Vv 8410 (=pahaṭṭha VvA. 337).—neg. appatīta displeased M. I, 27; J. V, 103 (v. l. appatika, C explanations by assāmika, i.e. without husband). (Page 406)
— or —
Pātita, (pp. of pāteti) brought to fall, felled, destroyed Sn. 631; Dh. 407; J. III, 176; PvA. 31 (so read for patita). (Page 452)
— or —
Paṭita, (adj.) satisfied, happy DhA. II, 269 (°ācāra) (Page 395)
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Patita, (pp. of patati) fallen Dh. 68, 320; J. I, 167; Miln. 187; PvA. 31 (read pātita), 56. (Page 406)
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionarypatita (पतित).—p (S) Fallen. 2 fig. Fallen from caste; fallen from virtue; become wicked. Ex. of comp. jātipatita, sthānapatita, karmapatita, mārgapatita.
Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishpatita (पतित).—p Fallen. Fallen from caste. Fallen from virtue.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryPatita (पतित).—p. p.
1) Fallen, descended, alighted.
2) Dropped.
3) Fallen (in a moral sense), abandoned, wicked; नष्टे मृते प्रव्रजिते क्लीबे च पतिते पतौ (naṣṭe mṛte pravrajite klībe ca patite patau) |
4) Apostate.
5) Degraded, outcast.
6) Fallen in battle, defeated or overthrown.
7) Being in, fallen into; as in अवंशपतित (avaṃśapatita).
8) Placed, kept; निक्षेपे पतिते हर्म्ये श्रेष्ठी स्तौति स्वदेवताम् (nikṣepe patite harmye śreṣṭhī stauti svadevatām) Pt. I.14.
9) (with pādayoḥ or pāda-) Having thrown oneself at (a person's feet).
-tam Flying.
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Patita (पतित).—See under पत् (pat).
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Pāṭita (पाटित).—p. p.
1) Torn, cleft, split, broken.
2) Pierced, pricked; आशिषामनुपदं समस्पृशद् दर्भपाटिततलेन पाणिना (āśiṣāmanupadaṃ samaspṛśad darbhapāṭitatalena pāṇinā) R.11.31.
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Pātita (पातित).—p. p.
1) Cast down, struck down.
2) Overthrown, humbled.
3) Lowered.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryPaṭita (पटित).—mfn.
(-taḥ-tā-taṃ) 1. Read, studied. 2. Recited, repeated. E. paṭh to read, kta aff.
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Patita (पतित).—mfn.
(-taḥ-tā-taṃ) 1. Fallen, alighted. 2. Fallen from virtue, wicked, abandoned. 3. Fallen in war, defeated, overthrown. 4. Degraded, outcaste. 5. Gone. E. pat to go, aff. karttari kta.
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Pāṭita (पाटित).—mfn.
(-taḥ-tā-taṃ) 1. Torn, broken, divided. 2. Pierced. E. paṭ to divide, in the causal form, aff. kta.
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Pātita (पातित).—mfn.
(-taḥ-tā-taṃ) 1. Felled, struck down. 2. Lowered, depressed, humbled. E. pat to fall, causal v., kta aff.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryPatita (पतित).—[adjective] fallen, sunk, degraded, an outcast; often —° fallen from, at, or upon, got into. [neuter] flying, flight.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Patita (पतित):—[from pat] mfn. fallen, dropped, descended, alighted, [Atharva-veda] etc. etc.
2) [v.s. ...] (ifc.) fallen upon or from ([Pāṇini 2-1, 24 and 38 [Scholiast or Commentator]])
3) [v.s. ...] (with pādayos or pāda-) having thrown one’s self at a person’s feet, [Kāvya literature]
4) [v.s. ...] fallen (morally), wicked, degraded, out-caste (-tva n.), [Chāndogya-upaniṣad; Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata] etc.
5) [v.s. ...] fallen into, being in ([locative case] or [compound]), [Kathāsaritsāgara]
6) [v.s. ...] happened, occurred, [Pañcatantra; Śukasaptati]
7) [v.s. ...] n. flying, [Mahābhārata]
8) Pāṭita (पाटित):—[from pāṭa] mfn. split, torn, broken, divided, [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature] etc.
9) [v.s. ...] Name of a [particular] fracture of the leg, [Suśruta]
10) Pātita (पातित):—[from pāt] mfn. ([from] [Causal]) made to fall, felled, struck down, lowered, depressed, overthrown, [Rāmāyaṇa; Kālidāsa etc.]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Patita (पतित):—[(taḥ-tā-taṃ) a.] Fallen, fallen in war, or from virtue; gone.
2) Pāṭita (पाटित):—[(taḥ-tā-taṃ) a.] Torn, broken.
3) Pātita (पातित):—[(taḥ-tā-taṃ) a.] Lowered, felled.
Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)Pātita (पातित) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Ṇihoḍiya, Paḍia, Pāḍia, Phālia.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionaryPatita (पतित) [Also spelled patit]:—(a) fallen, depraved; hence [patitā] (fem. form); ~[pāvana] a saviour of the fallen; hence ~[pāvanī] (fem. form).
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusPatita (ಪತಿತ):—
1) [adjective] fallen down.
2) [adjective] defeated; subjugated.
3) [adjective] fallen away from a moral standard; morally slipped.
4) [adjective] holding one’s religion or religious practices in disrespect.
5) [adjective] wishing evil or causing harm to others; malevolent; cruel.
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Patita (ಪತಿತ):—
1) [noun] he who or that which is fallen down from a higher position.
2) [noun] a man who has slipped morally; a depraved, degenerated man.
3) [noun] a malevolent, cruel or wicked man.
4) [noun] that which has jumped, leaped up or forward.
5) [noun] (dance.) a lowering of the eyebrows.
6) [noun] (dance.) a particular manner of moving or placing the heel.
7) [noun] (dance.) a dropping down of fingers or turning the palm making the tips of the fingers point toward the ground.
8) [noun] (arith.) in subtraction, the quantity from which another quantity is deducted.
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Pāṭita (ಪಾಟಿತ):—[adjective] broken; cleaved; split.
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Pātita (ಪಾತಿತ):—[adjective] caused to fall.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Patitagarbha, Patitaka, Patitakala, Patitamurdhaja, Patitanna, Patitapavana, Patitasavitrika, Patitasthita, Patitatva, Patitatyagavidhi, Patitavritta, Patitavya, Patitotpanna.
Ends with (+50): Acarapatita, Acharapatita, Adhahpatita, Anavasarapatita, Anavrishtipatita, Antahpatita, Antarapatita, Anupatita, Apakshapatita, Aparipatita, Apatita, Appatita, Atipatita, Avapatita, Avinipatita, Avrishtipatita, Bhupatita, Caranapatita, Charanapatita, Dhapatita.
Full-text (+134): Caranapatita, Padia, Antahpatita, Nipatita, Patitotpanna, Apatita, Atipatita, Patitasthita, Patitagarbha, Patitamurdhaja, Patitasavitrika, Patitavritta, Anupatita, Vastupatita, Patitekshita, Prapatita, Kantaka, Savitripatita, Sthanepatita, Utpatita.
Relevant text
Search found 39 books and stories containing Patita, Patīta, Pātita, Paṭita, Pāṭita, Patitā, Ptita; (plurals include: Patitas, Patītas, Pātitas, Paṭitas, Pāṭitas, Patitās, Ptitas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 3.2.32 < [Chapter 2 - The Great Festival of Śrī Girirāja]
Verse 6.15.27 < [Chapter 15 - The Glories of Nṛga-kūpa and Gopī-bhūmi]
Verse 1.14.64 < [Chapter 14 - The Liberation of Śakaṭāsura and Tṛṇāvarta]
Brihad Bhagavatamrita (commentary) (by Śrī Śrīmad Bhaktivedānta Nārāyana Gosvāmī Mahārāja)
Verse 2.2.135 < [Chapter 2 - Jñāna (knowledge)]
Verse 2.1.113-116 < [Chapter 1 - Vairāgya (renunciation)]
Verse 1.5.76-78 < [Chapter 5 - Priya (the beloved devotees)]
Expiatory Rites in Keralite Tantra (by T. S. Syamkumar)
6. Social Impacts of Impurity and Expiatory Rites < [Chapter 4 - Socio-Cultural aspects of Expiatory Rites]
6.2.1. Expiatory Rites in Manusmṛti < [Chapter 1 - Expiatory Rites: Concept and Evolution]
1.8 (b). Expiatory Rites in Prāyaścittasamuccaya < [Chapter 2 - Expiatory Rites in Āgamic Literature]
Bhajana-Rahasya (by Srila Bhaktivinoda Thakura Mahasaya)
Text 12 < [Chapter 3 - Tṛtīya-yāma-sādhana (Pūrvāhna-kālīya-bhajana–niṣṭhā-bhajana)]
Text 8 < [Chapter 3 - Tṛtīya-yāma-sādhana (Pūrvāhna-kālīya-bhajana–niṣṭhā-bhajana)]
Text 1 < [Chapter 5 - Pañcama-yāma-sādhana (Aparāhna-kālīya-bhajana–kṛṣṇa-āsakti)]
Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi (by Ganganatha Jha)
Verse 11.112 < [Section XI - Expiation of “Minor Offences”: Cow-killing (goghna)]
Verse 9.79 < [Section VII - The Recalcitrant Wife: Supersession, Divorce]
Verse 2.185 < [Section XXX - Rules to be observed by the Religious Student]
Vivekachudamani (by Shankara)