Parivada, Parivāda, Parīvāda: 17 definitions
Introduction:
Parivada means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Dharmashastra (religious law)
Parivāda (परिवाद) refers to “censoriousness”, which is considered as harmful, according to the Manusmṛti 7.50. Accordingly, “[...] hunting (mṛgayā), dice (akṣa), sleeping during the day (divāsvapna), censoriousness (parivāda), women (strī), intoxication (mada), musical triad (tauryatrika) and listless wandering (vṛthāṭyā) constitute the ten-fold set arising from the love of pleasure (kāmaja). [...] in the set arising from love of pleasure (kāmaja),—drinking (pāna), dice (akṣa), women (strī) and hunting (mṛgayā) are to be regarded as the four most pernicious (kaṣṭatama), in the order in which they are named”.
Parivāda (‘censoriousness’) refers to the criticising of other people’s faults in private. This displeases all men. As for the blaming of persons who do not deserve it, this is itself constitutes a sin.
Dharmashastra (धर्मशास्त्र, dharmaśāstra) contains the instructions (shastra) regarding religious conduct of livelihood (dharma), ceremonies, jurisprudence (study of law) and more. It is categorized as smriti, an important and authoritative selection of books dealing with the Hindu lifestyle.
Kavya (poetry)
Parivāda (परिवाद) refers to 1) a “scandal”, 2) an “instrument with which a lyre is played”, and is mentioned in the Naiṣadha-carita 21.127.—The seven-stringed parivādinī lyre is mentioned also in Māgha 6.9 and Naiṣadha 15.44.
Kavya (काव्य, kavya) refers to Sanskrit poetry, a popular ancient Indian tradition of literature. There have been many Sanskrit poets over the ages, hailing from ancient India and beyond. This topic includes mahakavya, or ‘epic poetry’ and natya, or ‘dramatic poetry’.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Parivāda (परिवाद):—Humiliation to respected persons
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Parivāda (परिवाद) refers to the “reproach (of corrupted monks)”, according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā: the eighth chapter of the Mahāsaṃnipāta (a collection of Mahāyāna Buddhist Sūtras).—Accordingly, “[...] At that time, sixty koṭis of Bodhisattvas, having stood up from the congregation, joined their palms, paid homage to the Lord, and then uttered these verses in one voice: ‘[...] (223) Respected or not respected, we will become like the Mount Sumeru, and unsullied by the world, we will become the leaders of the world. (224) When we hear the reproach (parivāda) of corrupted monks, we will take heed to our action lest their action bear its fruit. [...]’”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
Parivāda (परिवाद) or Parīvāda (परीवाद).—
1) Blame, censure, detraction, abuse; अयमेव्र मयि प्रथमं परिवादरतः (ayamevra mayi prathamaṃ parivādarataḥ) M.1; Y.1.133.
2) Scandal, stain, stigma; ill-repute; मा भूत् परीवादनवावतारः (mā bhūt parīvādanavāvatāraḥ) R.5.24; 14.86; Mv.5.28.
3) Charge, accusation; परिवादबहल- दोषान्न यस्य रक्षां परिहरामि (parivādabahala- doṣānna yasya rakṣāṃ pariharāmi) Mṛcchakaṭika 3.3.
4) An instrument with which the lute is played; तं प्रागसावविनयं परिवादमेत्य लोकेऽधुनापि विदिता परिवादिनीति (taṃ prāgasāvavinayaṃ parivādametya loke'dhunāpi viditā parivādinīti) N.11.127.
Derivable forms: parivādaḥ (परिवादः), parīvādaḥ (परीवादः).
Parivāda (परिवाद).—m.
(-daḥ) 1. Abuse reproach, reproof. 2. Charge, accusation. 3. The bow or quill of the lute or fiddle. E. pari censure, &c. and vāda speech.
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Parīvāda (परीवाद).—m.
(-daḥ) 1. Reproof, censure, abuse. 2. The bow or quill of a lute: see parivāda.
Parivāda (परिवाद).—parīvāda, i. e. pari-vad + a, m. Detraction, censure, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 2, 179; 201; 7, 47.
Parivāda can also be spelled as Parīvāda (परीवाद).
Parivāda (परिवाद).—[masculine] abuse, reproach, censure.
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Parīvāda (परीवाद).—[masculine] = parivāda, parivāra, & vāha.
1) Parivāda (परिवाद):—[=pari-vāda] [from pari-vad] m. blame, censure, reproach, charge, accusation, [Atharva-veda] etc. etc. (cf. parī-v)
2) [v.s. ...] an instrument with which the Indian lute is played, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
3) Parīvāda (परीवाद):—[=parī-vāda] [from parī] m. reproof, censure, [Manu-smṛti; Āpastamba]
1) Parivāda (परिवाद):—[pari-vāda] (daḥ) 1. m. Abuse; accusation; bow of a fiddle or lute.
2) Parīvāda (परीवाद):—[parī-vāda] (daḥ) 1. m. Reproof, abuse; quill, or bow of a lute.
Parivāda (परिवाद):—(von vad mit pari) m.
1) Nachrede, Tadel [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 271.] [Anekārthasaṃgraha 4, 141.] [Medinīkoṣa d. 49.] [Halāyudha 1, 148.] [Atharvavedasaṃhitā 19, 8, 4.] [Manu’s Gesetzbuch 2, 179. 201. 7, 47.] [Yājñavalkya’s Gesetzbuch 1, 33.] [Mahābhārata 5, 1168. 1725.] daṃ bruvāṇaḥ [12, 4224.] daṃ kar [13, 2100. 2107. 4984.] kathā [14, 1003. 1029.] dāt vācaṃ rakṣa [Harivaṃśa 14686.] do hi te devi mahā~loke cariṣyati . yadi u. s. w. [Rāmāyaṇa 2, 35, 30.] lokato pi hi te rakṣyaḥ parivādaḥ [36, 30. 75, 27. 3, 22, 34.] [KĀM. NĪTIS. 5, 41.] [Mṛcchakaṭikā 55, 23. 78, 15.] [Spr. 174.] [Raghuvaṃśa 14, 86.] kara [Mālavikāgnimitra 11, 21.] para [Pañcatantra III, 115.] [Sânkhya Philosophy 20.] [Scholiast] zu [Kātyāyana’s Śrautasūtrāṇi 25, 4, 9.] [Mārkāṇḍeyapurāṇa 23, 110. 34, 39. 84.] dhīrāḥ parasya parivādagiraḥ sahante [Prabodhacandrodaja 74, 7.] parī [Amarakoṣa 1, 1, 5, 13.] guroryatra parīvādo nindā vāpi pravartate [Manu’s Gesetzbuch 2, 200.] [Mahābhārata 1, 4204. 3, 17335. 5, 1286. 1723. 13, 6006.] [Cāṇakya 30.] [Raghuvaṃśa 5, 24.] guroḥ prāptaḥ parīvādo na śrotavyaḥ kathaṃ ca na Cit. beim [Scholiast] zu [Kumārasaṃbhava 5, 83.] badhnātyāryaparīvādaṃ khalasaṃvādaśṛṅkhalā [Kathāsaritsāgara 24, 210.] [Spr.] parīvādastathyo u. s. w. —
2) ein Werkzeug zum Spielen der indischen Laute [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] [Medinīkoṣa] parī [Jaṭādhara im Śabdakalpadruma]
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Parivāda (परिवाद):—
1) bhartsanā tu parīvādaḥ [Sāhityadarpana 488. 471.] parivādakṛtaṃ vākyaṃ vadanti paribhāṣaṇam [396.] [Sp. 545, Z. 1 v. u.] lies gurau st. guroḥ .
Parivāda (परिवाद):—m. —
1) üble Nachrede , Tadel ; die Ergänzung im Loc. , oder im Comp. vorangehend. [Gautama's Dharmaśāstra] [Āpastamba’s Dharmasūtra] —
2) *ein Werkzeug zum Spielen der indischen Laute.
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Parīvāda (परीवाद):—m. = parivāda üble Nachrede , Tadel [Āpastamba’s Dharmasūtra]
Parivāda (परिवाद) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Parivāī, Parivāda.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Parivāda (परिवाद) [Also spelled parivad]:—(nm) complaint; scandal; calumny; hence ~[vādaka] (nm).
...
Prakrit-English dictionary
1) Parivaḍa (परिवड) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Paripat.
2) Parivāḍa (परिवाड) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Ghaṭa.
3) Parivāda (परिवाद) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Parivāda.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Parivāda (ಪರಿವಾದ):—
1) [noun] an expression of blame or reproof; abuse; reproach.
2) [noun] what one is accused with; blame; accusation; indictment.
3) [noun] a small, metal piece, worn over the finger nails for plucking the strings of musical instruments.
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Parīvāda (ಪರೀವಾದ):—
1) [noun] an expression of blame or reproof; abuse; reproach.
2) [noun] what one is accused with; blame; accusation; indictment.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Parivāda (परिवाद):—n. 1. reproach; censure; abuse; 2. slander; backbiting; 3. complaint;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches (+0): Pari, Vada, Vata.
Starts with (+0): Parivadadha, Parivadagir, Parivadak, Parivadaka, Parivadakara, Parivadakatha, Parivadaki, Parivadana, Parivadani, Parivadashila, Parivadashile, Parivatam, Parivattanam.
Full-text (+16): Parivadakatha, Parivadakara, Parivadagir, Ashlilaparivada, Paraparivada, Janaparivada, Parivadashile, Parivadashila, Parivatam, Paripat, Parimana, Pariwaad, Karmasvaka, Parivad, Parivadini, Parivai, Parivara, Parivaha, Ghata, Paravada.
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Search found 15 books and stories containing Parivada, Parivāda, Parīvāda, Pari-vada, Pari-vāda, Parī-vāda, Parivaḍa, Parivāḍa; (plurals include: Parivadas, Parivādas, Parīvādas, vadas, vādas, Parivaḍas, Parivāḍas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi (by Ganganatha Jha)
Verse 2.201 < [Section XXX - Rules to be observed by the Religious Student]
Verse 2.200 < [Section XXX - Rules to be observed by the Religious Student]
Verse 7.47 < [Section IV - Duties of the King]
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 7.68 < [Chapter 7 - Literary Faults]
Alankara Sastra (English study) (by V. Raghavan)
5. Other writers on the subject of Laksana < [Chapter 1 - The history of Lakshana (poetic adornments)]
Yajnavalkya-smriti with Mitakshara and Viramitrodaya (by J. R. Gharpure)
Verse 1.33 < [Chapter 2 - The Celibacy]
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 194 < [Hindi-English-Nepali (1 volume)]
Page 214 < [Hindi-Marathi-English Volume 2]
Page 198 < [Hindi-Kashmiri-English Volume 2]
Kavyamimamsa of Rajasekhara (Study) (by Debabrata Barai)
Part 4.1 - Nature and divisions of Vākya (literary speech) < [Chapter 5 - Analyasis and Interpretations of the Kāvyamīmāṃsā]