Duracara, Durācāra, Durācara, Dur-acara, Du-acara: 18 definitions
Introduction:
Duracara means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Buddhism, Pali, Jainism, Prakrit. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Durachara.
In Hinduism
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Durācāra (दुराचार, “ill-doing”) refers to a “tyrant” and is a term to be used by women who is angered addressing their beloved, according to the Nāṭyaśāstra chapter 24. Accordingly, “he who restrains indiscreetly a woman’s movement or beats her or uses harsh words to her, is called a ‘tyrant’ (durācāra)”.
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Durācāra (दुराचार) refers to “men of evil conduct”, and is used by the evil-minded Dakṣa to describe the Brahmins that walked out on his sacrifice, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.2.27. Accordingly as Brahmā narrated to Nārada:—“[...] when the sage Dadhīci and others staged a walkout, the evil-minded Dakṣa, inimical to Śiva, said mocking at them.:—‘[...] They are slow-witted and senseless. They are rogues indulging in false deliberations and discussions. They are out of the Vedic circle. These men of evil conduct (durācāra) shall be eschewed from sacrificial rites’”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Durācāra (दुराचार) refers to one of the eight Guardians (kṣetrapāla-aṣṭaka) associated with Tisrapīṭha (located in the ‘end of sound’—nādānta), according to the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—[...] The eight Guardians (kṣetrapālāṣṭaka): Śrīdhara, Bhāsura, Raudra, Durācāra, Śāntika, Kṛttika, Kālavṛṣṭi, Vasiṣṭha
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Durācāra (दुराचार) refers to “those whose behavior is bad” according to Flood (2003, p. 215).—Accordingly, “Although the [Netra Tantra] has connections with royalty, it also bears witness to popular possession and exorcism rites which were probably pervasive among lower social levels. Indeed, one of the main tasks of the orthopraxy of Brāhmaṇ was to prevent possession. These ‘demons’ (bhūta) and powerful female deities or ‘mothers’ (mātṛ) enter through the ‘hole’ (chidra) of the shad of impure men and women whose behavior is bad (durācāra) and who have neglected their ritual obligations, so causing the evil eye (dṛṣṭipāta) to fall upon them”.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Languages of India and abroad
Sanskrit dictionary
Durācara (दुराचर).—a.
1) hard to be performed.
2) incurable (as a disease).
Durācara is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms dur and ācara (आचर).
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Durācāra (दुराचार).—a.
1) ill-conducted, badly behaved.
2) following bad practices, wicked, depraved; अपि चेत्सुदुराचारो भजते मामनन्यभाक् (api cetsudurācāro bhajate māmananyabhāk) Bhagavadgītā (Bombay) 9.3.
-raḥ bad practice, ill-conduct, wikedness.
Durācāra is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms dur and ācāra (आचार).
Durācāra (दुराचार).—mfn.
(-raḥ-rā-raṃ) 1. Wicked, depraved, following evil practices. 2. Disregarding or deviating from established practices. m.
(-raḥ) Wickedness. E. dur bad, ācāra observance.
Durācara (दुराचर).—i. e. dus-ā-car + a, adj., f. rā. 1. Hard to be practised, Mahābhārata 12, 656. 2. Difficult to be cured, [Suśruta] 2, 361, 9.
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Durācāra (दुराचार).—I. m. bad conduct, ib. 12, 4539. Ii. adj., f. rā, following bad customs, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 4, 157.
Durācāra is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms dus and ācāra (आचार).
Durācara (दुराचर).—[feminine] ī difficult to be handed or treated.
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Durācāra (दुराचार).—1. [masculine] bad conduct, wickedness.
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Durācāra (दुराचार).—2. [adjective] ill-behaved, depraved, wicked.
1) Durācara (दुराचर):—[=dur-ācara] [from dur] mfn. d° to be practised or performed, [Mahābhārata xii, 656]
2) [v.s. ...] d° to be treated or cured, incurable, [Suśruta]
3) Durācāra (दुराचार):—[=dur-ācāra] [from dur] m. bad behaviour, ill conduct, [Mahābhārata]
4) [v.s. ...] mfn. ill-conducted, wicked, [Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata etc.]
5) Dūracara (दूरचर):—[=dūra-cara] [from dūra] mfn. walking or being far, [Rāmāyaṇa]
6) [v.s. ...] keeping away from ([ablative]), [Jātakamālā]
Durācāra (दुराचार):—[durā+cāra] (raḥ-rā-raṃ) a. Wicked, base in conduct. m. Wickedness.
Durācara (दुराचर):—(2. duṣ + ācara, nom. act. von car, mit ā) adj.
1) schwer zu üben, dem sich hinzugeben schwer fällt: so yaṃ caturṇāmetepāmāśramāṇāṃ durācaraḥ . taṃ carādya vidhiṃ pārtha duścaraṃ durbalendriyaiḥ .. [Mahābhārata 12, 656.] —
2) schwer zu behandeln, zu heilen: karṇaśūla [Suśruta 2, 361, 9.]
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Durācāra (दुराचार):—1. (2. duṣ + ā) m. ein schlechter Wandel, schlechtes Betragen, schlechte Sitten [Mahābhārata 12, 4539.] [Sāhityadarpana 194.]
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Durācāra (दुराचार):—2. (wie eben) adj. f. ā
1) = durācara schwer zu üben, zu handhaben: durācāraṃ ([SCHL.] durāvāraṃ, welches zum vorangehenden Vergleich viel besser passt) tvadanyena pitryaṃ rājyamidaṃ bhuvi [Rāmāyaṇa Gorresio 2, 117, 8.] —
2) schlechte Sitten habend, schlechtgeartet, frevelhaft [Manu’s Gesetzbuch 4, 157.] [Mahābhārata 5, 527. 9, 1464. 12, 4540.] [Bhagavadgītā 9, 30.] [Rāmāyaṇa 1, 55, 27 (Gorresio 56, 27).] [Mārkāṇḍeyapurāṇa 34, 8.] [Rājataraṅgiṇī 4, 395. 6, 152.] [Dhūrtasamāgama 72, 8. 93, 7.] fem. [Pañcatantra I, 437.] [Prabodhacandrodaja 16, 3. 48, 4.] [Bhaṭṭikavya 20, 3.]
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Dūracara (दूरचर):—(dūra + cara) adj. fern wandelnd, in der Ferne sich befindend: patiṃ dūracaraṃ vane [Rāmāyaṇa 3, 55, 35.]
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Durācāra (दुराचार):—1. [WEBER, Jyotiṣa 60.]
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Durācara (दुराचर):—
1) vidyā durācarī [Spr. (II) 7065.]
Durācara (दुराचर):—Adj. (f. ī) —
1) schwer zu üben , dem sich hinzugeben schwer fällt. —
2) schwer zu behandeln , — heilen.
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Durācāra (दुराचार):—1. m. ein schlechter Wandel , schlechtes Betragen , schlechte Sitte.
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Durācāra (दुराचार):—2. Adj. (f. ā) —
1) schlechte Sitten habend , schlechtgeartet , frevelhaft. —
2) [R.GORR.2,117,8] fehlerhaft für durāvāra oder durāvara.
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Dūracara (दूरचर):—Adj. fern wandelnd , in der Ferne sich befindend.
Durācāra (दुराचार) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Durāyāra, Dūracara.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Prakrit-English dictionary
Dūracara (दूरचर) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Dūracara.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Durācāra (ದುರಾಚಾರ):—
1) [noun] bad conduct; an impolite, unmannerly or wicked behaviour.
2) [noun] a man having such qualities.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Durācāra (दुराचार):—n. bad/improper conduct; wickedness; depravity; adj. having bad conduct; wicked; depraved; irreligious; corrupt; impious;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
Pali-English dictionary
durācāra (ဒုရာစာရ) [(pu,na) (ပု၊န)]—
[du+ācāra．(durāyāra-prā)]
[ဒု+အာစာရ။ (ဒုရာယာရ-ပြာ)]
[Pali to Burmese]
durācāra—
(Burmese text): (၁) မကောင်းသော အကျင့်။ မာရဝိသူက-လည်းကြည့်။ (တိ) (၂) မကောင်းသော အကျင့်ရှိသော၊ သူ။ ဆန့်ကျင်ဖက်အကျင့်၊ ယင်း-အကျင့်ရှိသော သူ၊ (ထောမ)။ ဒုရာစာရပရိဝုတ-လည်းကြည့်။
(Auto-Translation): (1) Bad conduct. Mara is also watching. (Ti) (2) A person with bad conduct, who has opposing conduct, possesses that conduct. (Thama). Also look at the Dura-sara-puriwa.
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches (+0): Do, Dush, Du, Dur, Dura, Tur, Dou, Acara, Tu, Tura, Cara.
Starts with (+0): Duracarana, Duracarane, Duracarani, Duracaraparivuta.
Full-text (+7): Duracari, Suduracara, Duracaraparivuta, Duracarin, Duracarana, Naraduracara, Asara, Duracarita, Duracarane, Duracharan, Durayara, Dravana, Turacaram, Duraachaar, Shishvidana, Shantika, Kalavrishti, Vasishtha, Jnanakala, Krittika.
Relevant text
Search found 23 books and stories containing Duracara, Du-acara, Du-ācāra, Dur-acara, Dur-ācara, Dur-ācāra, Dura-cara, Dūra-cara, Durācāra, Durācara, Dūracara, Dus-acara, Dus-ācāra; (plurals include: Duracaras, acaras, ācāras, ācaras, caras, Durācāras, Durācaras, Dūracaras). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 519 < [Malayalam-English-Kannada (1 volume)]
Page 458 < [Tamil-English-Malayalam (1 volume)]
Page 231 < [English-Malayalam (1 volume)]
Studies in Indian Literary History (by P. K. Gode)
19. An Echo of the Siege of Jinji in a Sanskrit Grammatical Work < [Volume 3 (1956)]
Ushaharana Kavya of Trivikrama Pandita (Study) (by Pranesh R. Archak)
Part 4 - The story of Usha and Aniruddha in the Shiva Purana < [Chapter 3 - Sources of the Ushaharana-kavya]
Skanda Purana (by G. V. Tagare)
Chapter 25 - The Greatness of Jābālitīrtha < [Section 1 - Veṅkaṭācala-māhātmya]
Chapter 36 - The Glory of Dhanuṣkoṭi: Durācāra Liberated < [Section 1 - Setu-māhātmya]
Sanskrit Words In Southeast Asian Languages (by Satya Vrat Shastri)
Page 85 < [Sanskrit words in the Southeast Asian Languages]
Page 432 < [Sanskrit words in the Southeast Asian Languages]
Bhagavad-gita (with Vaishnava commentaries) (by Narayana Gosvami)
Verse 9.30 < [Chapter 9 - Rāja-guhya-yoga (Yoga through the most Confidential Knowledge)]
Verse 5.2 < [Chapter 5 - Karma-sannyāsa-yoga (Yoga through Renunciation of Action)]