Shantika, Santika, Santikā, Śāntika, Śāntikā, Shamtika: 24 definitions
Introduction:
Shantika means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
The Sanskrit terms Śāntika and Śāntikā can be transliterated into English as Santika or Shantika, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).
Images (photo gallery)
In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Source: Wisdom Library: The Matsya-purāṇaŚāntikā (शान्तिका) is the name of a mind-born ‘divine mother’ (mātṛ), created for the purpose of drinking the blood of the Andhaka demons, according to the Matsya-purāṇa 179.8. The Andhaka demons spawned out of every drop of blood spilled from the original Andhakāsura (Andhaka-demon). According to the Matsya-purāṇa 179.35, “Most terrible they (e.g., Śāntikā) all drank the blood of those Andhakas and become exceedingly satiated.”
The Matsyapurāṇa is categorised as a Mahāpurāṇa, and was originally composed of 20,000 metrical verses, dating from the 1st-millennium BCE. The narrator is Matsya, one of the ten major avatars of Viṣṇu.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index1) Śāntika (शान्तिक).—The mantras of the Atharvavedins recited in a ritual connected with digging of tanks.*
- * Matsya-purāṇa 58. 37.
2) Śāntikā (शान्तिका).—A mother goddess.*
- * Matsya-purāṇa 179. 28.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Source: Shodhganga: Mantra-sādhana: Chapter One of the KakṣapuṭatantraŚāntika (शान्तिक) or Śānti refers to “expelling evil” which is accomplished by performing mantrasādhana (preparatory procedures) beginning with japamālā using a rosary bead made of crystal or pearls, according to the Kakṣapuṭatantra verse 1.42. Accordingly, “In the śāntika (expelling evil) or pauṣṭika (increasing welfare), for the actualizing mantra, one should use a crystal or peal rosary, strung with a white thread”.
Source: Shodhganga: Temple management in the ĀgamasŚāntika (शान्तिक) refers to a classification of pūjā (ritualistic worship) according to the Kāmikāgama.—The Āgamas have several different classifications of nityapūjā (daily worship), based on the number of offerings, frequency, time duration and so on. The nomenclature also varies between Āgamas. The essence however is similar. Śāntika is mentioned in the Kāmikāgama (v. 4.376), Dīptāgama (26.1) and Makuṭāgama (3.32) as “that which ends with bali”. Śāntika is also mentioned in the Kāraṇāgama (30.405) as “that which ends with utsava”. Śāntika is also mentioned in the Suprabhedāgama (7.1) as “the pūjā that includes bali and nṛtta”.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Source: Google Books: ManthanabhairavatantramŚāntika (शान्तिक) refers to one of the eight Guardians (kṣetrapāla-aṣṭaka) associated with Tisrapīṭha (located in the ‘end of sound’—nādānta), according to the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—[...] The eight Guardians (kṣetrapālāṣṭaka): Śrīdhara, Bhāsura, Raudra, Durācāra, Śāntika, Kṛttika, Kālavṛṣṭi, Vasiṣṭha
Source: Kamakoti Mandali: The Yoginis of Narasimha VyuhaŚāntikā (शान्तिका) is the name of a Mātṛkā-Śakti created by Mahārudra in order to control the plague of demons created by Andhakāsura.—Accordingly, Andhaka-Asura tried to kidnap Umā (Devī Pārvatī), and was fiercely attacked by Mahārudra who shot arrows at him from his mahāpināka. when the arrows pierced the body of Andhakāsura, drops of blood fell to earth and from those drops, thousands of Andhakas arose. To control this plague of demons, Mahārudra created Mātṛkā-Śaktis [viz., Śāntikā] and ordered them to drink the blood of the demons and drain them dry.
Source: Kamakoti Mandali: Nrisimha matrika-mandalaŚāntikā (शान्तिका) refers to one of the various Mātṛkā-Śaktis created by Rudra in order to destroy the clones that spawned from Andhaka’s body.—Accordingly, [...] Andhakāsura attempted to abduct Girājanandinī (Pārvatī) and thus ensued a fierce battle between Andhakāsura and the great Rudra, the Lord of Umā. Like raktabīja, every drop of blood that fell from the body of Andhaka created another Asura like him and in no time, the entire world was filled with Andhakas. To destroy the growing number of Andhakas, Rudra created innumerable Mātṛkā-Śaktis [viz., Śāntikā]. These Śaktis of immense power at once began to drink every drop of blood that flowed from the body of Andhaka, but they could still not effectively contain the emergence of more and more demons.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Vastushastra (architecture)
Source: OpenEdition books: Architectural terms contained in Ajitāgama and RauravāgamaŚāntika (शान्तिक) refers to “n. a method of calculating the height of the prāsāda § 4.5.”.—(For paragraphs cf. Les enseignements architecturaux de l'Ajitāgama et du Rauravāgama by Bruno Dagens)
Vastushastra (वास्तुशास्त्र, vāstuśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science (shastra) of architecture (vastu), dealing with topics such architecture, sculpture, town-building, fort building and various other constructions. Vastu also deals with the philosophy of the architectural relation with the cosmic universe.
Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)
Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by Varahamihira1) Śāntika (शान्तिक) refers to “expiatory ceremonies”, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 2), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “We shall now proceed to give a brief description of (the qualifications of) a jyotiṣaka. [...] He must be of cleanly habits, able, noble-minded, eloquent and of originality and imagination; must possess a knowledge of place and time; be meek and without nervousness, must be difficult of conquest by his fellow students; must be able and devoid of vices; must be learned in matters of expiatory ceremonies [i.e., śāntika], of Hygiene, of Occult Magic and of ablutions; must be a worshipper of the Devas and an observer of fast and penance; must be of remarkable genius and capable of solving any difficulties save in matters of direct divine interference; and finally, he must be learned in astronomy, natural astrology (Saṃhitā) and horoscopy”.
2) Śāntika (शान्तिक) refers to a country belonging to “Apara or Aparadeśa (western divisions)” classified under the constellations of Jyeṣṭhā, Mūla and Pūrvāṣāḍha, according to the system of Kūrmavibhāga, according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 14).—Accordingly, “The countries of the Earth beginning from the centre of Bhāratavarṣa and going round the east, south-east, south, etc., are divided into 9 divisions corresponding to the 27 lunar asterisms at the rate of 3 for each division and beginning from Kṛttikā. The constellations of Jyeṣṭhā, Mūla and Pūrvāṣāḍha represent the western divisions consisting of [i.e., Śāntika] [...]”.
Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.
In Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Source: BDK Tripiṭaka: The Susiddhikara-sūtraŚāntika (शान्तिक) is the name of a rite which is detailed in Chapter 13 of the Susiddhikara-sūtra. Accordingly, “If you would do śāntika recitation and perform the homa rite for the elimination of calamities, [then] take refuge in the Three Jewels, arouse deep thoughts of compassion, and at dusk on the first day of a bright [half-]month commence recitation, whereupon you will succeed in the śāntika rite, for at this time the Gods of Pure Abode descend and roam about among humankind, and with the assistance of the gods you will quickly obtain siddhi”.
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Source: De Gruyter: A Buddhist Ritual Manual on AgricultureŚāntika (शान्तिक) refers to a “pacification rite”, according to the Vajratuṇḍasamayakalparāja, an ancient Buddhist ritual manual on agriculture from the 5th-century (or earlier), containing various instructions for the Sangha to provide agriculture-related services to laypeople including rain-making, weather control and crop protection.—Accordingly, [As the Bhagavān teaches a pacification ritual]: “A pacification rite should be performed (śāntikaṃ karma kartavyam) at four places in the field. One should offer barley, sesame, mustard seed and rice grain anointed with ghee; there will be great peace. Furthermore, even animals are unable to cause harm. This dhāraṇī should be written down according to the complete offering manual. [...]”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
India history and geography
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Indian Epigraphical GlossarySantika.—(EI 25), proximity, presence. Note: santika is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
Source: BuddhaSasana: Concise Pali-English Dictionarysantika : (adj.) near. (nt.), vicinity; presence. || santikā (prep.) from.
Source: Sutta: The Pali Text Society's Pali-English DictionarySantikā, (f.) (unclear in origin & meaning) a kind of game, “spellicans” (Rh. D.); (Kern: knibbelspel) D. I, 6; Vin. II, 10; III, 180; DA. I, 85. (Page 676)
— or —
Santika, (nt.) (sa2+antika) vicinity, presence; santikaṃ into the presence of, towards J. I, 91, 185; santikā from the presence of, from J. I, 43, 83, 189; santike in the presence of, before, with D. I, 79, 144; Dh. 32=Miln. 408; Sn. 379; Vin. I, 12; S. I, 33; J. V, 467; with Acc. S. IV, 74; with Abl. Mhvs 205; nibbānasantike Dh. 372; Instr. santikena=by, along with J. II, 301 (if not a mistake instead of santikaṃ or santike?).
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionaryśāntika (शांतिक).—n (S) śāntikarma n (S) Observances or ceremonies prescribed by the Shastras for the removal or prevention of calamities and troubles.
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śāntika (शांतिक).—a S That composes, quiets, appeases, calms, stills. 2 Propitiatory, conciliatory.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionaryŚāntika (शान्तिक).—a. (-kī f.) Expiatory, propitiatory.
-kam Observances or ceremonies calculated to remove calamities.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit DictionarySantika (सन्तिक).—adj. (= Pali id., stem in composition; compare next; MIndic for sāntika, q.v.; sa-, q.v., plus Sanskrit antika, as adj. Gr. Lex.), near: evaṃrūpāḥ sattvāḥ nirvāṇa-°kā bha- vanti Mahāvastu ii.287.14; santikāvacara (= Pali id.), living near [Page556-a+ 71] (with gen.): bhagavato upasthāyakaṃ (acc. sg.) bhaga- vataḥ °raṃ bhagavato saṃmukhaṃ Mahāvastu iii.49.13. The form sāntika, tho very likely a secondary Sanskritization of this, seems to support the above theory of its origin; it is not connected with santa(ka) as has been held by some (e.g. Senart, see next).
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Sāntika (सान्तिक).—in adv. forms °ke and °kāt (= Pali santike, °kā; see santika, °ke, of which this may well be a secondary Sanskritization; but it reveals the true origin of the MIndic form), in or from the presence (of, gen.): buddhasya °ke Karmavibhaṅga (and Karmavibhaṅgopadeśa) 161.2, 4; °ke, °kāt, according to Kern, Preface ix, Kashgar recension of Saddharmapuṇḍarīka for Nepalese antike, °kāt; so sāntikātu, v.l. of Kashgar recension 119.3; for other such cases see santike.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryŚāntika (शान्तिक).—mfn.
(-kaḥ-kī-kaṃ) 1. Propitiatory, expiatory. 2. Producing ease or quiet, &c. 3. Relating to quiet, &c. n.
(-kaṃ) Ceremonies for the removal of calamities. E. śānti, and ṭhak aff.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryŚāntika (शान्तिक).—[neuter] any act for averting bad consequences.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Aufrecht Catalogus CatalogorumŚāntika (शान्तिक) as mentioned in Aufrecht’s Catalogus Catalogorum:—poet. Padyāvalī.
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Śāntika (शान्तिक):—[from śānta] mfn. propitiatory, expiatory, averting evil, [Hemādri’s Caturvarga-cintāmaṇi]
2) [v.s. ...] producing or relating to ease or quiet, [Monier-Williams’ Sanskrit-English Dictionary]
3) [v.s. ...] m. [plural] Name of a people, [Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā; Mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇa]
4) [v.s. ...] n. a propitiatory rite for averting evil, [Mahābhārata; Varāha-mihira’s Bṛhat-saṃhitā etc.]
Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryŚāntika (शान्तिक):—[(kaḥ-kī-kaṃ) a.] Quieting; propitiatory.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Kannada-English dictionary
Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpusŚāṃtika (ಶಾಂತಿಕ):—[noun] = ಶಾಂತಿ - [shamti -] 5.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+2): Shamtikakriye, Shamtikarma, Shantikadhyana, Shantikadhyaya, Shantikakarman, Shantikalpa, Shantikalpadipika, Shantikalpalata, Shantikalpapradipa, Shantikalpavidhi, Shantikalyani, Shantikama, Shantikamalakara, Shantikapaddhati, Shantikapaushtika, Shantikara, Shantikarana, Shantikarin, Shantikarman, Shantikartri.
Ends with: Keshantika, Kshantika, Mahashantika, Nakshatradohadashantika, Prashantika, Shodashantika.
Full-text (+26): Santaka, Shantikakarman, Shantikadhyaya, Nakshatradohadashantika, Santikavacara, Shanti, Anti, Ajjhappatta, Rasayana, Japa, Kamakhya, Shridhara, Duracara, Kalavrishti, Upagata, Vasishtha, Pushtya, Paushtika, Upanita, Parvana.
Relevant text
Search found 20 books and stories containing Shantika, Śāṃtika, Samtika, Santika, Santikā, Śāntika, Śāntikā, Sāntika, Śantika, Shamtika; (plurals include: Shantikas, Śāṃtikas, Samtikas, Santikas, Santikās, Śāntikas, Śāntikās, Sāntikas, Śantikas, Shamtikas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Manasara (English translation) (by Prasanna Kumar Acharya)
Chapter 11 - The dimension of buildings (bhūmilamba)
Chapter 13 - The pedestals for columns (upapīṭha)
Samarangana-sutradhara (Summary) (by D. N. Shukla)
Chapter 47 - Propitiatory measures (Śāntika-vidhi)
Chapter 45 - Rebuilding the broken Toraṇa (Toraṇa-bhaṅga-śāntika)
The Skanda Purana (by G. V. Tagare)
Chapter 113 - Greatness of Agnikuṇḍa < [Section 1 - Tīrtha-māhātmya]
Chapter 278 - The Legend of Yājñavalkya < [Section 1 - Tīrtha-māhātmya]
Chapter 201 - Decision on Problems Relating to Nāgaras < [Section 1 - Tīrtha-māhātmya]
The Padma Purana (by N.A. Deshpande)
Chapter 27 - The rite (vidhi) of installation of Lakes etc. < [Section 1 - Sṛṣṭi-khaṇḍa (section on creation)]
Blue Annals (deb-ther sngon-po) (by George N. Roerich)
Chapter 9 - The Tibetan emperors prophesied in the Mūlatantra < [Book 1 - The beginning of the story of the Doctrine]
Vastu-shastra (3): House Architecture (by D. N. Shukla)