Dravana, Dravaṇa, Drāvaṇa: 16 definitions
Introduction:
Dravana means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word include Dravan.
In Hinduism
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Drāvaṇa (द्रावण, “softening”) refers to one of the “seven means” (saptopāya) to be performed when a mantra does not manifest its effect, as explained in the 10th-century Kakṣapuṭatantra verse 1.95-96. The drāvaṇa aims to soften the mantra through tying it to the bīja of Varuṇa, the god of Water, and sprinkling a mixture of milk, butter, water, and honey on the written mantra. If this does not work, the practitioner should make his next move, the bodhana.
Accordingly, “the drāvaṇa (melting) is [to make the mantra] tied with Varuṇa’s bīja (i.e., vaṃ) in the grathana manner. Having written [the bījas] at the beginning and end of the mantra, one should write the mantra, [to which the bījas are] tied in the grathana manner, with śilā (red arsenic), karpūra (camphor), and kuṅkuma (turmeric), uśīra (the fragrant root of vetiver) and rocana (yellow orpiment). One should sprinkle a mixture of milk, ājya (melted or clarified butter), water, and honey, between the written [mantra]. Through pūja, japa, and homa, the melted mantra will definitely bestow a siddhi. If the melted [mantra] does not have an effect, then one should carry out the bodhana (awakening)”.
Note on drāvaṇa: the Bṛhattantrasāra (4.47) supports bhrāmaṇa (wondering). Note on rocana: the Tattvacintāmaṇi (20.95) and Bṛhattantrasāra (4.48) support candana (sandal).
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
1) Drāvaṇa (द्रावण) refers to “melting” (that which has been sealed), according to the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—Accordingly, “[...] The energies are called gestures (mudrā) because (they) release (mocana) and melt (drāvaṇa). Flight always (occurs) by means of the Path of the Skyfarers, which is the elevated state (ūrdhvabhāva). (That energy) is called the Skyfarer because she moves all living being (by this Path). In the supreme state she should be known to be one and she is also said to be threefold. Assuming the form of letters, she is will, knowledge and action. Divided into fifty (letters), she is said to be one. [...]”.
2) Drāvaṇa (द्रावण) refers to “sexual arousal”, according to Tantric texts such as the Kubjikāmata-tantra, the earliest popular and most authoritative Tantra of the Kubjikā cult.—HRĪṂ is the seed-syllable of Māyā and Lakṣmī. It belongs to Viṣṇu and corresponds to the element Water. Its form is like a wheel of fire (alātacakra). [...] The Kubjikāmatatantra also attributes magical powers to the Five Praṇavas, which are said to bring about sexual arousal (drāvaṇa), disturbance (kṣobha), delusion (moha), sleep (jṛmbhana) and the desiccation of the enemy’s body (śoṣaṇa), respectively.
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Mantrashastra (the science of Mantras)
Drāvaṇa (द्रावण) refers to “softening” or “nudging” and represents one of the seven techniques to improve or revive fruitless mantras (i.e., “mantras that do not bring satisfaction and visible improvements”), according to the Kakṣapuṭatantra verses 1.89.91.—The operation of drāvaṇa (softening/pushing) the mantra by tying it to the seed mantra (bīja) of the god of Waters, Varuṇa [vaṃ], followed by sprinkling the written mantra with a mixture of milk, oil, water and honey. If this has no effect, the practitioner must perform bodhana (awakening).
Mantrashastra (शिल्पशास्त्र, mantraśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science of mantras—chants, incantations, spells, magical hymns, etc. Mantra Sastra literature includes many ancient books dealing with the methods reciting mantras, identifying and purifying its defects and the science behind uttering or chanting syllables.
Vastushastra (architecture)
Drāvaṇa (द्रावण) is another name for Town (grāma), according to the ninth chapter of the Kapiñjalasaṃhitā: a Pāñcarātra work consisting of 1550 verses dealing with a variety of topics such as worship in a temple, choosing an Ācārya, architecture, town-planning and iconography.—Description of the chapter [grāmavinyāsa]:—The rewards of town planning are great; moreover, by planning a town properly one sees to the construction of temples and, consequently, to the worship of God. Towns are called by several names: [e.g., drāvaṇa] [...] Once a plot for a town is selected certain steps must then be taken: procession to the place, bali-offerings, setting up pegs and strings, etc. (4-9a). Various types of towns are named according to their lay-out of streets. [...]
Vastushastra (वास्तुशास्त्र, vāstuśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science (shastra) of architecture (vastu), dealing with topics such architecture, sculpture, town-building, fort building and various other constructions. Vastu also deals with the philosophy of the architectural relation with the cosmic universe.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
dravaṇa (द्रवण).—n S Dissolving, melting, fusing: also oozing, exuding, trickling. This form is neuter, as drāvaṇa is active.
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drāvaṇa (द्रावण).—n S Dissolving, melting, fusing, liquefying. 2 In medicine. A resolvent or discutient. 3 In chemistry. A dissolvent, a menstruum.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Dravaṇa (द्रवण).—a.
1) Running.
2) Oozing, trickling.
See also (synonyms): dravaka.
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Drāvaṇa (द्रावण).—[dru-ṇic-yuc]
1) Putting to flight, Mahābhārata (Bombay) 8.34. 69; त्रैलोक्यद्रावणं क्रूरं दुराचारं महाबलम् (trailokyadrāvaṇaṃ krūraṃ durācāraṃ mahābalam) (rāvaṇam) Hariv.
2) Melting. fusing,
3) Distilling.
4) The clearing-nut.
Derivable forms: drāvaṇam (द्रावणम्).
Dravaṇa (द्रवण).—n.
(-ṇaṃ) 1. Going. 2. Dropping, exuding. 3. Heat. E. dru to go, affix lyuṭ .
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Drāvaṇa (द्रावण).—n.
(-ṇaṃ) 1. The clearing nut. 2. Causing to fly or retreat. 3. Fusing. 4. Distilling. E. dru to go or retreat, in the causal form ṇic and yuc affs. drāvayati jalamalaṃ svasaṃyogāt .
Drāvaṇa (द्रावण).—i. e. dru, [Causal.] + ana, I. adj. Putting to flight, Mahābhārata 8, 1523. Ii. n. Putting to flight, [Harivaṃśa, (ed. Calc.)] 7583.
Dravaṇa (द्रवण).—[neuter] running, flowing, melting.
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Drāvaṇa (द्रावण).—[adjective] & [neuter] causing to run, putting to flight.
1) Dravaṇa (द्रवण):—[from dravaka > drava] n. running, [Taittirīya-brāhmaṇa; Harivaṃśa]
2) [v.s. ...] melting, becoming fluid, [Śārṅgadhara-paddhati]
3) [v.s. ...] dropping, exuding, [Horace H. Wilson]
4) [v.s. ...] heat, [Horace H. Wilson]
5) Drāvaṇa (द्रावण):—[from drāva] mfn. causing to run, putting to flight, [Mahābhārata; Harivaṃśa]
6) [v.s. ...] n. the act of causing to run etc., [Harivaṃśa]
7) [v.s. ...] fusing, distilling, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
8) [v.s. ...] softening, touching, [Anaṅgaraṅga]
9) [v.s. ...] the clearing-nut, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
1) Dravaṇa (द्रवण):—(ṇaṃ) 1. n. Idem; exuding; heat.
2) Drāvana (द्रावन):—(naṃ) 1. n. The clearing nut; causing to fly; fusing, distilling.
Dravaṇa (द्रवण):—(von 1. dru) n. das Laufen: a.āṃ yo dravaṇe.rasaḥ [Taittirīyabrāhmaṇa 2, 7, 7, 7.] [Harivaṃśa 11530.]
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Drāvaṇa (द्रावण):—(vom caus. von 1. dru)
1) adj. zum Laufen bringend, in die Flucht jagend: (rathaḥ) drāvaṇaḥ śātravāṇām [Mahābhārata 8, 1523.] trailokya [Harivaṃśa 2338.] —
2) n. a) das zum-Laufen-Bringen, in-die-Flucht-Jagen [Harivaṃśa 7583.] — b) das Flüssigmachen [Weber’s Verzeichniss No. 595 (VI). 1006.] — c) die zur Klärung trüben Wassers angewandte Frucht von Strychnos potatorum Lin. [Ratnamālā im Śabdakalpadruma]
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Dravaṇa (द्रवण):—das Flüssigwerden, Schmelzen [Spr. 49.]
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Drāvaṇa (द्रावण):—
2) b) so v. a. das Weichmachen, Rühren [Oxforder Handschriften 218,b,19.] — Vgl. garbha .
Dravaṇa (द्रवण):—n. —
1) das Laufen. —
2) das Flüssigwerden , Schmelzen.
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Drāvaṇa (द्रावण):——
1) Adj. zum Laufen bringend , in die Flucht schlagend. Statt trailokya hat die v.l. rāvaṇa. —
2) n. — a) das zum Laufen Bringen , in die Flucht Jagen. — b) das Flüssigmachen. — c) das Weichmachen , Rühren. — d) *die Frucht von Strychnos potatorum.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Dravaṇa (द्रवण) [Also spelled dravan]:—(nm) melting, flowing; ~[śīla] melting, prone to melt/flow; hence —[śīlatā] (nf).
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Dravaṇa (ದ್ರವಣ):—
1) [noun] the act or an instance of running.
2) [noun] the act of leaking, seeping or oozing out (from small holes).
3) [noun] the act or an instance of flowing in a stream.
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Drāvaṇa (ದ್ರಾವಣ):—
1) [noun] a liquid that has one or more substances dissolved in; a solution.
2) [noun] the process by which a gas, liquid or solid is dispersed homogeneously in a liquid without chemical change; solution.
3) [noun] (fig.) the fact of being filled with love or being charmed, enamoured with.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
1) Dravaṇa (द्रवण):—n. 1. melting; oozing; 2. flowing; 3. leaking; flowing; dripping;
2) Drāvaṇa (द्रावण):—n. 1. dissolving; 2. melting/fusing; 3. escaping; running away;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with: Dravanabana, Dravananka.
Full-text (+16): Vidravana, Garbhadravana, Apadravana, Drishtidravana, Asamtriptadravana, Shunyatadravana, Anudravana, Dravanabana, Dravan, Usharattiravanam, Tiravanancey, Dravaka, Hingula, Grathana, Grathita, Duradhara, Saptopaya, Shoshana, Adianta, Garbhastha.
Relevant text
Search found 28 books and stories containing Dravana, Dravaṇa, Drāvaṇa, Drāvana; (plurals include: Dravanas, Dravaṇas, Drāvaṇas, Drāvanas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Dictionaries of Indian languages (Kosha)
Page 428 < [Kannada-English-Malayalam (1 volume)]
Page 535 < [Malayalam-English-Kannada (1 volume)]
Page 155 < [English-Malayalam (1 volume)]
Chaitanya Bhagavata (by Bhumipati Dāsa)
Verse 2.23.273 < [Chapter 23 - Wandering about Navadvīpa On the Day the Lord Delivered the Kazi]
Verse 2.1.197 < [Chapter 1 - The Beginning of the Lord’s Manifestation and His Instructions on Kṛṣṇa-saṅkīrtana]
Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences
Traditional techniques in Rajata Shodhana < [Vol. 9 No. 11 (2024)]
Review of Shodhana in Rasashastra < [Vol. 8 No. 4 (2023)]
Role of Dhatvagni in disease pathogenesis < [Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024)]
International Ayurvedic Medical Journal
A review on the concept of druti:a basic principle of rasashastra < [2014, Issue III May-June]
Concept of jarana procedure in puti lohas with special reference to vanga dhatu < [2024, Issue 07. July]
Review article: phrmaceutical utility of kshara (alkalies) in rasashastra < [2018, Issue III, march,]
Linga Purana (by J. L. Shastri)
Chapter 22 - Creation of Rudras (rudrotpatti) < [Section 1 - Uttarabhāga]
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)
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