Buddha-Carita [sanskrit]

by E. B. Cowell | 2003 | 11,474 words | ISBN-10: 8187418788 | ISBN-13: 9788187418788

The Buddha Carita (Saddharma-pundarika) by Asvaghosa a famous Sanskrit text revolving around the live and exploits of the Buddha. The Buddha Carita (Buddhacarita) is written in the style of a Kavya (or Mahakavya, epic poetry) and extant original Sanskrit text consists of roughly 1,000 metrical verses.

Verse 3.61

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इयं च निष्ठा नियतं प्रजानां प्रमाद्यति त्यक्तभयश्च लोकः ।
मनांसि शङ्के कठिनानि नॄणां स्वस्थास्तथा ह्यध्वनि वर्तमानाः ॥ ६१ ॥

iyaṃ ca niṣṭhā niyataṃ prajānāṃ pramādyati tyaktabhayaśca lokaḥ |
manāṃsi śaṅke kaṭhināni nṝṇāṃ svasthāstathā hyadhvani vartamānāḥ || 61 ||

'Is this end appointed to all creatures, and yet the world throws off all fear and is infatuated! Hard indeed, I think, must the hearts of men be, who can be self-composed in such a road.
English translation by E. B. Cowell (2003) Buy now!

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (3.61). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Iyam, Idam, Nishtha, Niyata, Praja, Prajana, Pramadin, Pramadi, Ati, Tyakta, Bhaya, Loka, Manas, Shanka, Kathina, Nri, Svastha, Tatha, Adhvan, Adhvani, Vartamana,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Buddha-carita Verse 3.61). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

Line 1: “iyaṃ ca niṣṭhā niyataṃ prajānāṃ pramādyati tyaktabhayaśca lokaḥ ”
iyam -
iyam (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]

ī (noun, feminine)

[accusative single]

ī (noun, masculine)

[accusative single]

idam (pronoun, feminine)

[nominative single]
ca -
ca (indeclinable conjunction)

[indeclinable conjunction]

ca (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

ca (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
niṣṭhā* -
niṣṭha (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural]

niṣṭhā (noun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]

niṣṭhā (noun, masculine)

[nominative single], [nominative plural], [vocative single], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
niyatam -
niyata (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

niyata (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

niyatā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
prajānām -
praja (noun, masculine)

[genitive plural]

praja (noun, neuter)

[genitive plural]

prajā (noun, feminine)

[genitive plural]

prajānā (noun, feminine)

[accusative single]
pramādya -
pramādin (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single]

pramādin (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

pramādi (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

pramādi (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

pramādi (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
ati -
ati (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]

ati (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]
tyakta -
tyakta (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

tyakta (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

√tyaj -> tyakta (participle, masculine)

[vocative single from √tyaj class 1 verb]

√tyaj -> tyakta (participle, neuter)

[vocative single from √tyaj class 1 verb]
bhayaś -
bhaya (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
ca -
ca (indeclinable conjunction)

[indeclinable conjunction]

ca (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

ca (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
lokaḥ -
loka (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
Line 2: “manāṃsi śaṅke kaṭhināni nṝṇāṃ svasthāstathā hyadhvani vartamānāḥ ”
manāṃsi -
manas (noun, neuter)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
śaṅke -
śaṅka (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

śaṅkā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

√śaṅk (verb class 1)

[present middle first single]
kaṭhināni -
kaṭhina (noun, neuter)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
nṝṇām -
nṛ (noun, masculine)

[genitive plural]
svasthās -
svastha (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural]

svasthā (noun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
tathā* -
tathā (noun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]

tatha (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural]
hya -
hi (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]
adhvani -
adhvani (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]

adhvani (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb]

adhvani (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

adhvan (noun, masculine)

[locative single]
vartamānāḥ -
vartamāna (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural]

vartamānā (noun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]

√vṛt -> vartamāna (participle, masculine)

[nominative plural from √vṛt class 1 verb], [vocative plural from √vṛt class 1 verb]

√vṛt -> vartamānā (participle, feminine)

[nominative plural from √vṛt class 1 verb], [vocative plural from √vṛt class 1 verb], [accusative plural from √vṛt class 1 verb]