Nishtha, Niṣṭhā, Nīṣṭhā: 27 definitions

Introduction:

Nishtha means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

The Sanskrit terms Niṣṭhā and Nīṣṭhā can be transliterated into English as Nistha or Nishtha, using the IAST transliteration scheme (?).

Alternative spellings of this word include Nishth.

In Hinduism

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: The Purana Index

Niṣṭhā (निष्ठा).—In the pāṇigrahaṇa mantra in the seventh Pāda; known to Satyavrata.*

  • * Vāyu-purāṇa 88. 97.
Purana book cover
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The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

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Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar)

Source: Wikisource: A dictionary of Sanskrit grammar

Niṣṭhā (निष्ठा).—The affixes क्त (kta) and क्तवत् (ktavat) in Panini's Grammar; cf. क्तक्तवत् निष्ठा (ktaktavat niṣṭhā) P. I. 1.26.

Vyakarana book cover
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Vyakarana (व्याकरण, vyākaraṇa) refers to Sanskrit grammar and represents one of the six additional sciences (vedanga) to be studied along with the Vedas. Vyakarana concerns itself with the rules of Sanskrit grammar and linguistic analysis in order to establish the correct context of words and sentences.

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Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)

Source: Pure Bhakti: Bhagavad-gita (4th edition)

Niṣṭhā (निष्ठा) refers to “fixed adherence, or resolve; devotional practice that does not waver at any time. It is the fifth stage in the development of the creeper of devotion”. (cf. Glossary page from Śrīmad-Bhagavad-Gītā).

Source: Pure Bhakti: Bhajana-rahasya - 2nd Edition

Niṣṭhā (निष्ठा) refers to:—Firm faith; established devotional practice that does not waver at any time. The fourth stage in the development of the creeper of devotion. (cf. Glossary page from Bhajana-Rahasya).

Source: Pure Bhakti: Brhad Bhagavatamrtam

Nīṣṭhā (नीष्ठा) refers to:—Fixed determination; the stage of sādhana-bhakti wherein all the unwanted desires of the practitioner have been cleared and he maintains a constant intensity of endeavor by his intelligence. (cf. Glossary page from Śrī Bṛhad-bhāgavatāmṛta).

Vaishnavism book cover
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Vaishnava (वैष्णव, vaiṣṇava) or vaishnavism (vaiṣṇavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (‘ten avatars of Vishnu’).

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Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)

Source: academia.edu: Religious Inclusivism in the Writings of an Early Modern Sanskrit Intellectual (Shaivism)

Niṣṭhā (निष्ठा) refers to the “culminating point” (of the words of the foremost scriptures).—Not only does Appaya believe that Advaita is the underlying teaching of Śrīkaṇṭha’s commentary; he also takes it to be the final word of all Śaivāgamas and actually of all Hindu scriptures, as he himself solemnly declares at the beginning of the Śivārkamaṇidīpikā: “The culminating point (niṣṭhā) of the words of the foremost scriptures, āgamas as well as all [other] compositions, from the multitude of Purāṇas to smṛti texts such as the Mahābhārata and so forth, is in non-duality alone (advaita eva); the Brahmasūtras too appear to the discerning ones to have their rest in [non-duality] alone [and] nothing but that [non-duality] was accepted by ancient ācāryaratnas led by Śaṅkara”

Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions

Niṣṭha (निष्ठ) refers to “devotion (to recitation and meditation)”, according to the Kiraṇatantra chapter 49 (dealing with vratacaryā).—Accordingly, “Garuḍa spoke: ‘You have taught me, O great Lord, the activities of the Neophyte, the Putraka and the Ācārya. Tell me those of the Sādhaka’. The Lord spoke: ‘The excellent Sādhaka [should be] full of sattva, firm, capable of endurance, his mind fixed on [his] mantra, unassailable, of great wisdom, looking impartially on mud, stones and gold engaged, regular in [the performance of] oblations, always devoted (niṣṭha) to recitation and meditation, dexterous in the dispelling of obstacles, firm in [the practice of his] religious observance, calm, pure. [...]’”.

Shaivism book cover
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Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.

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Yoga (school of philosophy)

[«previous next»] — Nishtha in Yoga glossary
Source: academia.edu: Meaning of haṭha in Early Haṭhayoga

Niṣṭhā (निष्ठा) [=Niṣṭhatā?] refers to “devotion”.—In contrasting tranquility (śānti) with haṭhapāka, the commentator, Jayaratha, describes tranquility as a “process of pleasant combustion” (madhurapākakrama). When the Guru has been propitiated, the “tranquil” methods of initiation (dīkṣā-sādhana) and devotion to a religious practice (anuṣṭhā-niṣṭhatā) will bring about transcendence (atyaya) at the time of death. However, haṭhapāka is a sudden and violent process that burns up all things (bhāva) in the fire of intelligence. It destroys duality and is likened by Abhinavagupta to the enjoyment (rasa) of devouring enough (alaṅgrāsa). The commentator notes that haṭhapāka is a forceful action (balātkāreṇa) that transgresses the normal order (kramavyatikramarūpa) and, as noted earlier, this connotation of haṭha is implicit in Haṭhayoga’s effect of raising the downward-moving breath (apāna) and the normally dormant Kuṇḍalinī.

Source: ORA: Amanaska (king of all yogas): A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation by Jason Birch

Niṣṭha (निष्ठ) refers to “being (fixed) in (an absorption)”, according to the Amanaska Yoga treatise dealing with meditation, absorption, yogic powers and liberation.—Accordingly, as Īśvara says to Vāmadeva: “[...] [Now], I shall define the nature of that highest, mind-free absorption which arises for those devoted to constant practice. [...] For a Yogin who is in an absorption (laya-niṣṭha) for a period of six moments, loss of body heat, sleep and fainting may occur repeatedly. [...]”.

Yoga book cover
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Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).

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Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)

Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram

Niṣṭhā (निष्ठा) or Niṣṭhāvratin refers to “firmly grounded observers of the vow”, according tot the Mṛgendrāgama (Caryāpāda) verse 2-3, 8-10, in the section on expiation (prāyaścitta).—Accordingly, “[...] The vow of those who are ‘endowed observers’ of the vow (bhautikavratin) has an end, (whereas) those whose (vow) terminates with the falling of the body are said to be firmly grounded observers of the vow (niṣṭhā-vratin). These (can be) teachers, (spiritual) sons (putraka) and advanced adepts (sādhaka). The endowed (observer of the vow) is one who has offered the vow in the proper manner to the Lord of the Vow at the end when the vow has been fulfilled, and given up its accoutrements. He possesses the wealth that is the (fine) figure of a beautiful wife and is said to be (one who observes the vow for a special) intention (kāmya). Otherwise (if he is not a householder) he is (called) a true (observer of the vow) with an end (satsāntanika)”.

Shaktism book cover
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Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

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Sports, Arts and Entertainment (wordly enjoyments)

[«previous next»] — Nishtha in Arts glossary
Source: archive.org: Syainika Sastra of Rudradeva with English Translation (art)

Niṣṭha (निष्ठ) refers to “one who strives after (the knowledge of truth)”, according to the Śyainika-śāstra: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by Rājā Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.—Accordingly, “[...] In other Śāstras, too, many precepts of wise men are heard which stimulate activity in those who conduct themselves properly in this world. Even a householder, who honestly earns his livelihood, and strives after the knowledge of truth (tattvajñāna-niṣṭha), and honours his guests, and offers oblations to the Manes, and tells the truth, attains liberation. [...]”.

Arts book cover
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This section covers the skills and profiencies of the Kalas (“performing arts”) and Shastras (“sciences”) involving ancient Indian traditions of sports, games, arts, entertainment, love-making and other means of wordly enjoyments. Traditionally these topics were dealt with in Sanskrit treatises explaing the philosophy and the justification of enjoying the pleasures of the senses.

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In Buddhism

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: academia.edu: A Study and Translation of the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā

Niṣṭha (निष्ठ) refers to “reaching (to the utmost limit)” [?], according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā: the eighth chapter of the Mahāsaṃnipāta (a collection of Mahāyāna Buddhist Sūtras).—Accordingly, as Gaganagañja said to Ratnapāṇi: “Son of good family, those sixty-four dharmas are included in one hundred twenty-eight dharmas. What are those one hundred twenty-four? [...] (29) no agitation is included in going and reaching to the utmost limit (atyanta-niṣṭha-gata); (30) no objection is included in truth and delight in the dharma; (31) renounce is included in knowing the cause and getting rid of false views; (32) eliminating the concept of mine is included in the absence of what belongs to the ego and property; [...]’”.

Mahayana book cover
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Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.

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Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)

Source: Brill: Śaivism and the Tantric Traditions (tantric Buddhism)

Niṣṭhā (निष्ठा) refers to “devotion” according to Vāgīśvarakīrti’s Tattvaratnāvalokavivaraṇa.—Accordingly, “This is the work to dispel all opposed opinions of Vāgīśvara [Vāgīśvarakīrti], whose dedication to the glorious Samāja [Guhyasamāja] is supreme and whose devotion (niṣṭhā) is without blemish”.

Tibetan Buddhism book cover
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Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.

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Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

niṣṭha (निष्ठ).—p (S) Fixed in, seated in, inherent. In comp. as ghaṭaniṣṭha, manōniṣṭha, dēhaniṣṭha.

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niṣṭhā (निष्ठा).—f (S) Fixed affection or attention; devotedness or engagedness of heart or mind; attachment. 2 Reliance, trust, confidence. 3 Ordinary and uniform practice or profession. 4 Fixedness or seatedness in, inherence. 5 Conclusion. 6 (Poetry.) Condition or state. Ex. tṛṣā lāgalī nātha ōṣṭhā- mṛtācī || śarīrāsi jyāvīṇa niṣṭhā mṛtācī ||.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

niṣṭha (निष्ठ).—p Fixed in, seated in, inherent.

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niṣṭhā (निष्ठा).—f Fixed affection or attention; devotedness. Reliance, confidence. Fixedness or inherence. Conclusion.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

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Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Niṣṭha (निष्ठ).—a. [ni-sthā-ka ṣatvaṭutve] (Usually at the end of comp.)

1) Being in or on, situated on; तन्निष्ठे फेने (tanniṣṭhe phene).

2) Depending or resting on, referring or relating to; तमोनिष्ठाः (tamoniṣṭhāḥ) Manusmṛti 12.95.

3) Devoted or attached to, practising, intent on; सत्यनिष्ठ (satyaniṣṭha).

4) Skilled in.

5) Believing in; धर्मनिष्ठ (dharmaniṣṭha).

6) Conducive to, effecting; हेमाम्भोज स्रजस्ते विशद सुमहते प्लोषपोषाय निष्ठाः (hemāmbhoja srajaste viśada sumahate ploṣapoṣāya niṣṭhāḥ) B. R.5.51.

-ṣṭhā 1 Position, condition, state; तेषां निष्ठा तु का कृष्ण (teṣāṃ niṣṭhā tu kā kṛṣṇa) Bhagavadgītā (Bombay) 17.1; तेषामशान्तकामानां का निष्ठाऽविजितात्मनाम् (teṣāmaśāntakāmānāṃ kā niṣṭhā'vijitātmanām) Bhāgavata 11.5.1.

2) Basis, foundation.

3) Fixity, fixedness, steadiness; मनो निष्ठाशून्यं भ्रमति च किमप्यालिखति च (mano niṣṭhāśūnyaṃ bhramati ca kimapyālikhati ca) Mālatīmādhava (Bombay) 1.31;

4) Devotion or application, close attachment.

5) Belief, firm adherence, faith; शास्त्रेषु निष्ठा (śāstreṣu niṣṭhā) Mālatīmādhava (Bombay) 3.11; लोकेऽस्मिन् द्विविधा निष्ठा पुरा प्रोक्ता मयाऽनघ (loke'smin dvividhā niṣṭhā purā proktā mayā'nagha) Bhagavadgītā (Bombay) 3.3.

6) Excellence, skill, proficiency, perfection.

7) Conclusion, end, termination; (śṛṇu) चरितं पार्थिवेन्द्रस्य यथा निष्ठां गतश्च सः (caritaṃ pārthivendrasya yathā niṣṭhāṃ gataśca saḥ) Mahābhārata (Bombay) 1.49.6; अत्यारूढि- र्भवति महतामप्यपभ्रंशनिष्ठा (atyārūḍhi- rbhavati mahatāmapyapabhraṃśaniṣṭhā) Ś.4.3. (v. l.).

8) The catastrophe or end of a drama.

9) Accomplishment, completion (samāpti); पाणिग्रहणिका मन्त्रा नियतं दारलक्षणम् । तेषां निष्ठा तु विज्ञेया विद्वद्भिः सप्तमे पदे (pāṇigrahaṇikā mantrā niyataṃ dāralakṣaṇam | teṣāṃ niṣṭhā tu vijñeyā vidvadbhiḥ saptame pade) || Manusmṛti 8.227.

1) The culminating point; इयं च निष्ठा नियतं प्रजानाम् (iyaṃ ca niṣṭhā niyataṃ prajānām) Bu. Ch.3.61.

11) Death, destruction, disappearance from the world at the fixed time.

12) Fixed or certain knowledge, certainty.

13) Begging.

14) Suffering, trouble, distress, anxiety.

15) (In gram.) A technical term for the past participial terminations क्त, क्तवतु (kta, ktavatu) (i. e. ta and tavata.)

16) Name of Viṣṇu.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Niṣṭha (निष्ठ).—mfn.

(-ṣṭhaḥ-ṣṭhā-ṣṭhaṃ) 1. Staying, being in, who or what stays or is in or on anything. 2. Believing, faithful. 3. Skilled in. 4. Devoted to. f.

(-ṣṭhā) 1. The catastrophe of a drama, the conclusion of a fable. 2. Conclusion in general, end, termination. 3. Disappearance, loss, destruction. 4. Confirmation, completion. 5. Asking, begging. 6. Ordinary and uniform practice or profession. 7. Good conduct, excellence. 8. Religious practice, devout and austere exercise. 9. Faith, belief. 10. Condition, state. 11. Fixed time of life, &c. 12. Trouble, distress, anxiety. 13. The technical term for the past participial affixes kta and ktavatu. E. ni completely, assuredly, sthā to stay or stop, kta aff.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Niṣṭha (निष्ठ).—i. e. ni-, and probably also nis, -stha (vb. sthā), I. adj., f. ṭhā. 1. Being on, [Rājataraṅgiṇī] 5, 123. 2. Grounded on, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 12, 95. 3. Intent on, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 3, 134. Ii. f. ṭhā, 1. Basis, [Bhagavadgītā, (ed. Schlegel.)] 3, 3. 2. Certain knowledge, Mahābhārata 14, 626. 3. Accomplishment, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 8, 227. 4. End, catastrophe, [Śākuntala, (ed. Böhtlingk.)] [distich] 78 n. 5. Death, Mahābhārata 13, 3151.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Niṣṭha (निष्ठ).—[adjective] staying, lying, being, resting, footing, dependent, or intent upon; relating, attached, or devoted to (—°), [abstract] [feminine]

— [feminine] ā stand-point, basis, foundation; devotion to, familiarity with ([locative]); height, summit, close, end (adj. —° ending with); decision, sentence, verdict ([jurisprudence]); the endings ta & tavant and the participles formed with them ([grammar]).

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Niṣṭhā (निष्ठा).—[adjective] excelling, leading.

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Nisthā (निस्था).—[Causative] fix in ([locative]).

Nisthā is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the terms ni and sthā (स्था).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Niṣṭhā (निष्ठा):—[=ni-ṣṭhā] a (√sthā; [Aorist] ny-aṣṭhāt [perfect tense] ni-tasthau, [Vopadeva]) :—[Causal] ([Aorist] ny-atiṣṭhipat) to fix in ([locative case]), [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa];

—to give forth, emit, yield, [Hemacandra’s Pariśiṣṭaparvan]

2) Niṣṭha (निष्ठ):—[=ni-ṣṭha] [from ni-ṣṭhā] mfn. (in some senses = or [wrong reading] for niḥ + stha) being in or on, situated on, grounded or resting on, depending on, relating or referring to (usually ifc.), [Manu-smṛti; Mahābhārata] etc.

3) [v.s. ...] intent on, devoted to, [ib.] (cf. dharma-, satya-)

4) [v.s. ...] conducive to, effecting ([dative case]), [Bālarāmāyaṇa v, 51]

5) Niṣṭhā (निष्ठा):—[=ni-ṣṭhā] b f. (ifc. f(ā). ) state, condition, position, [Bhagavad-gītā]

6) [v.s. ...] firmness, steadiness, attachment, devotion, application, skill in, familiarity with, certain knowledge of ([locative case]), [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature; Purāṇa]

7) [v.s. ...] decision about ([genitive case]), [Rājataraṅgiṇī]

8) [v.s. ...] decisive sentence, judgement, [Gautama-dharma-śāstra; Āpastamba-dharma-sūtra]

9) [v.s. ...] completion, perfection, culminating or extreme point, [Manu-smṛti; Āpastamba-dharma-sūtra; Mahābhārata] etc.

10) [v.s. ...] conclusion, end, termination, death (ifc. ‘ending with’), [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature] etc.

11) [v.s. ...] asking, begging, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

12) [v.s. ...] trouble, distress, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]

13) [v.s. ...] (in gram.) Name of the [past participle] affixes ta and tavat

14) [v.s. ...] (in [dramatic language]) the end or catastrophe, [Horace H. Wilson]

15) [=ni-ṣṭhā] c ([Padapāṭha] niḥ-ṣṭhā) mfn. excelling, eminent, [Ṛg-veda]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Niṣṭha (निष्ठ):—[ni-ṣṭha] (ṣṭhaḥ-ṣṭhā-ṣṭhaṃ) a. Staying in, abiding; believing. f. The catastrophe of a drama; end; loss; completion; profession; firm belief; state; begging; good conduct; fixed time of trouble.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Nisthā (निस्था) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit word: Ṇiṭṭhā.

[Sanskrit to German]

Nishtha in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

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Hindi dictionary

[«previous next»] — Nishtha in Hindi glossary
Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

1) Niṣṭha (निष्ठ) [Also spelled nishth]:—(a) trusting, having faith; usually used as an adjectival suffix meaning having faith/trust (in); devotion, affection; readiness, (for), or allegiance (to), engrossed (in), well-disposed (towards), etc. (as [satyaniṣṭha, yathārthaniṣṭha, karmaniṣṭha], etc.); ~[] used as a nominal suffix meaning the quality or state of having faith/trust in or allegiance to (as [satyaniṣṭhatā, nyāyaniṣṭhatā], etc.).

2) Niṣṭhā (निष्ठा):—(nf) allegiance; loyalty; faith; fidelity; devotion; ~[vāna] loyal; faithful; fidel; devoted; ~[hīna] disloyal; faithless; infidel.

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Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Niṣṭha (ನಿಷ್ಠ):—

1) [adjective] placed; put; kept.

2) [adjective] loyal a) faithful to the constituted authority of one’s country; b) faithful to those persons, ideals, etc. that one is under obligation to defend, support or be true to; c) intensely devoted (to a religion, philosophy, etc.).

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Niṣṭha (ನಿಷ್ಠ):—

1) [noun] a man who is faithful to the constituted authority of his country.

2) [noun] he who is faithful to those persons, ideals, etc. that he is under obligation to defend, support or be true to.

3) [noun] a man who is intensely devoted (to a religion, philosophy, etc.).

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

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