Mahabharata [sanskrit]

699,462 words | ISBN-10: 812150094X | ISBN-13: 9788121500944

The Sanskrit edition of the Mahabharata, one of the largest epic poems ever written, consisting of 100,000 metrical verses. Consisting of 18 books, the Mahabharata details the history and legends concerning ancient India (Bharata), including a major battle campaign involving the Kauravas and the Pandavas, also known as the Kurukshetra War. This portion also contains the Bhagavad-Gita. Alternative titles: Mahābhārata (महाभारत).

Verse 8.28.40

ततो भीः प्राविशत्काकं तदा तत्र विचेतसम् ।
द्वीपद्रुमानपश्यन्तं निपतन्तं श्रमान्वितम् ।
निपतेयं क्व नु श्रान्त इति तस्मिञ्जलार्णवे ॥ ४० ॥

tato bhīḥ prāviśatkākaṃ tadā tatra vicetasam |
dvīpadrumānapaśyantaṃ nipatantaṃ śramānvitam |
nipateyaṃ kva nu śrānta iti tasmiñjalārṇave || 40 ||

Note! The following is not a translation of the above verse, but merely an arbitrary extract of the English text.

...out along with their riders, are falling and fallen and deprived of life lie prostrate on the Earth. Those lifeless elephants huge as mountain summits, torn, mangled, and pierced by Partha, are falling down like...

English translation by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013) Read online Buy now!

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: This extracts Sanskrit terms and links to English definitions from the glossary, based on an experimental segmentation of verse (8.28.40). Some terms could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned. Click on the word to show English definitions.

Tatah, Tad, Tata, Bhi, Pravishat, Kaka, Tada, Tatra, Vicetas, Dvipa, Druma, Drumat, Apashyat, Nipa, Tanta, Shrama, Vita, Tan, Yushmad, Iyam, Idam, Kva, Shranta, Shrat, Iti, Jalarnava,

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit text (Mahabharata Verse 8.28.40). If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “tato bhīḥ prāviśatkākaṃ tadā tatra vicetasam
  • tato* -
  • tataḥ (indeclinable adverb)
    [indeclinable adverb]
    tataḥ (indeclinable correlative)
    [indeclinable correlative]
    tataḥ (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    tad (noun, neuter)
    [ablative single], [ablative dual], [ablative plural]
    tata (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    tan -> tata (participle, masculine)
    [nominative single from √tan class 8 verb]
    sa (noun, masculine)
    [ablative single], [ablative dual], [ablative plural]
    (noun, feminine)
    [ablative single], [ablative dual], [ablative plural]
  • bhīḥ -
  • bhī (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single], [vocative single]
  • prāviśat -
  • prāviśat (noun, masculine)
    [compound]
    prāviśat (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]
    prāviśat (noun, neuter)
    [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
  • kākam -
  • kāka (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    kāka (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    kākā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • tadā -
  • tadā (indeclinable adverb)
    [indeclinable adverb]
    tadā (indeclinable correlative)
    [indeclinable correlative]
    tadā (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    tadā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
  • tatra -
  • tatra (indeclinable adverb)
    [indeclinable adverb]
    tatra (indeclinable correlative)
    [indeclinable correlative]
    tatra (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
  • vicetasam -
  • vicetasā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
    vicetas (noun, masculine)
    [accusative single]
  • Line 2: “dvīpadrumānapaśyantaṃ nipatantaṃ śramānvitam
  • dvīpa -
  • dvīpa (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    dvīpa (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • drumān -
  • druma (noun, masculine)
    [accusative plural]
    drumat (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • apaśyantam -
  • apaśyat (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
  • nipa -
  • nipa (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    nipa (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • tantam -
  • tan -> tanta (participle, masculine)
    [accusative single from √tan class 4 verb]
    tan -> tanta (participle, neuter)
    [nominative single from √tan class 4 verb], [accusative single from √tan class 4 verb]
    tan -> tanta (participle, masculine)
    [accusative single from √tan class 1 verb]
    tan -> tanta (participle, neuter)
    [nominative single from √tan class 1 verb], [accusative single from √tan class 1 verb]
  • śramān -
  • śrama (noun, masculine)
    [accusative plural]
  • vitam -
  • vita (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    vita (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
  • Line 3: “nipateyaṃ kva nu śrānta iti tasmiñjalārṇave
  • nipa -
  • nipa (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    nipa (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • te -
  • ta (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single], [locative single]
    ta (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
    tan (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [nominative single]
    (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single], [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
    tad (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [accusative dual]
    sa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative plural]
    (noun, feminine)
    [nominative dual], [accusative dual]
    yuṣmad (pronoun, none)
    [dative single], [genitive single]
  • iyam -
  • iyam (noun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
    ī (noun, feminine)
    [accusative single]
    ī (noun, masculine)
    [accusative single]
    idam (pronoun, feminine)
    [nominative single]
  • kva -
  • kva (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
  • nu -
  • nu (indeclinable adverb)
    [indeclinable adverb]
    nu (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    nau (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • śrānta* -
  • śrānta (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    śrā -> śrāt (participle, masculine)
    [nominative plural from √śrā class 1 verb], [vocative plural from √śrā class 1 verb], [nominative plural from √śrā class 2 verb], [vocative plural from √śrā class 2 verb]
    śram -> śrānta (participle, masculine)
    [nominative single from √śram class 4 verb]
  • iti -
  • iti (indeclinable particle)
    [indeclinable particle]
    iti (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb]
  • tasmiñ -
  • tad (noun, neuter)
    [locative single]
    sa (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
  • jalārṇave -
  • jalārṇava (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]

Other editions:

Also see the following editions of the Sanskrit text or (alternative) English translations of the Mahabharata Verse 8.28.40

Cover of edition (2013)

The complete Mahabharata (12 Volumes)
by Kisari Mohan Ganguly (2013)

4900 pages; [Publisher: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd.] ISBN: ‎ 812150094X or 9788121500944;

Buy now!
Cover of edition (2003)

The Mahabharata in Kannada (Set of 32 Volumes)
by Bharatha Darshana Bangalore (2003)

ಶ್ರೇಮಹಭಾರತ [ಮಹಾಭಾರತ]; 13907 pages;

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Preview of verse 8.28.40 in Kannada sript:
ತತೋ ಭೀಃ ಪ್ರಾವಿಶತ್ಕಾಕಂ ತದಾ ತತ್ರ ವಿಚೇತಸಮ್ ।
ದ್ವೀಪದ್ರುಮಾನಪಶ್ಯನ್ತಂ ನಿಪತನ್ತಂ ಶ್ರಮಾನ್ವಿತಮ್ ।
ನಿಪತೇಯಂ ಕ್ವ ನು ಶ್ರಾನ್ತ ಇತಿ ತಸ್ಮಿಞ್ಜಲಾರ್ಣವೇ ॥ ೪೦ ॥

Cover of edition (2008)

The Complete Mahabharata (9 volumes)
by M. N. Dutt (2008)

6415 pages; Sanskrit Text with English Translation; [Edited By: Dr. Ishwar Chandra Sharma & Dr. O.N. Bimali] [Publisher: Parimal Publication Pvt. Ltd.]

Buy now!
Cover of edition (2017)

Mahabharata (Hindi Translation, Six Volumes)
by Sahityacharya Pandit Ramnarayandutt Shastri Pandey "Ram" (2017)

7350 pages; [महाभारत] [Publisher: Gita Press, Gorakhpur] 44 Color and Black/white illustrations.

Buy now!
Cover of Bengali edition

The Mahabharata in Bengali (Two Volumes)
by Akshay Library, Kolkata (2019)

3049 pages; [মহাভারত] [মহার্ষী বদভ্যাস (Maharishi Vedvyas)]

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Preview of verse 8.28.40 in Bengali sript:
ততো ভীঃ প্রাবিশত্কাকং তদা তত্র বিচেতসম্ ।
দ্বীপদ্রুমানপশ্যন্তং নিপতন্তং শ্রমান্বিতম্ ।
নিপতেযং ক্ব নু শ্রান্ত ইতি তস্মিঞ্জলার্ণবে ॥ ৪০ ॥

Cover of Gujarati edition

Mahabharat in Gujarati (20 Volumes)
by Dinkar Joshi (દિનકર જોશી) (2010)

14252 pages; [મહાભારત] [Publisher: Pravin Prakashan Pvt. Ltd, Rajkot]

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Preview of verse 8.28.40 in Gujarati sript:
તતો ભીઃ પ્રાવિશત્કાકં તદા તત્ર વિચેતસમ્ ।
દ્વીપદ્રુમાનપશ્યન્તં નિપતન્તં શ્રમાન્વિતમ્ ।
નિપતેયં ક્વ નુ શ્રાન્ત ઇતિ તસ્મિઞ્જલાર્ણવે ॥ ૪૦ ॥

Cover of edition (2018)

Shri Mahabharatam in Malayalam (2 volumes)
by Swami Mridananda (2018)

1681 pages; [Publisher: Ramakrishna Math, Thrissur]

Buy now!

Preview of verse 8.28.40 in Malayalam sript:
തതോ ഭീഃ പ്രാവിശത്കാകം തദാ തത്ര വിചേതസമ് ।
ദ്വീപദ്രുമാനപശ്യന്തം നിപതന്തം ശ്രമാന്വിതമ് ।
നിപതേയം ക്വ നു ശ്രാന്ത ഇതി തസ്മിഞ്ജലാര്ണവേ ॥ ൪൦ ॥

Cover of edition (2018)

Mahabharata in Telugu (7 Volumes)
by Gita Press, Gorakhpur (2018)

7248pages

Buy now!

Preview of verse 8.28.40 in Telugu sript:
తతో భీః ప్రావిశత్కాకం తదా తత్ర విచేతసమ్ ।
ద్వీపద్రుమానపశ్యన్తం నిపతన్తం శ్రమాన్వితమ్ ।
నిపతేయం క్వ ను శ్రాన్త ఇతి తస్మిఞ్జలార్ణవే ॥ ౪౦ ॥

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