Smarana, Smaraṇa, Smāraṇa: 21 definitions

Introduction
In Hinduism
1. Purana
2. Vaishnavism
3. Kavyashastra
4. Jyotisha
5. Arts
6. Shaktism
7. Ganapatya
In Buddhism
1. Mahayana
Languages
1. Marathi
2. Sanskrit
3. Hindi
4. Kannada
See also

Introduction:

Smarana means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.

Alternative spellings of this word include Smaran.

In Hinduism

Purana and Itihasa (epic history)

Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - English Translation

1) Smaraṇa (स्मरण) refers to “thinking upon someone”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.2.21. Accordingly as Brahmā narrated to Nārada:—“[...] Following the manner of the people of the world, the merciful lord spoke these affable and courteous words to Nandin and others: [...] Lord Śiva said:—O my attendants, with minds (mānasa) respectfully concentrated (ādara) in thinking (smaraṇa) upon me, you shall come to me only when I remember you. When Śiva said like this, Nandin and others who constituted the powerful set of attendants of quick speed left for different places”.

2) Smaraṇa (स्मरण) refers to “remembering” and represents one of the nine-fold (navadhā) devotion (bhakti), as explained in the Śivapurāṇa 2.2.23, as Śiva said to Satī:—“[...] O Goddess Satī, listen, I shall explain the great principle whereby the remorseful creature becomes a liberated soul (mukta). [...] Devotion (bhakti) to me is considered as the bestower of worldly pleasures and salvation. It is achievable only by my grace. It is nine-fold (navadhā) [viz., smaraṇa]. There is no difference between devotion and perfect knowledge. A person who is engrossed in devotion enjoys perpetual happiness. Perfect knowledge never descends in a vicious person averse to devotion. [...] According to scholars O Goddess, the nine ancillary adjuncts are:—[viz., smaraṇa, ‘remembering’...]. O Śiva, its further subdivisions too have been explained”.

Smaraṇa (‘remembering’) detailed explanation: “after realising me to be all-pervading a feeling of fearlessness is what is called remembering”.

context information

The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.

Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma)

Source: Pure Bhakti: Bhajana-rahasya - 2nd Edition

Smaraṇa (स्मरण) refers to:—Remembrance of the names, forms, qualities and pastimes of Śrī Kṛṣṇa; one of the nine primary limbs of bhakti. (cf. Glossary page from Bhajana-Rahasya).

Source: Pure Bhakti: Brhad Bhagavatamrtam

Smaraṇa (स्मरण) refers to:—Meditative remembrance of the Lord’s names, forms, qualities, and pastimes. Smaraṇa should be done in connection with nāma-saṅkīrtana. (cf. Glossary page from Śrī Bṛhad-bhāgavatāmṛta).

context information

Vaishnava (वैष्णव, vaiṣṇava) or vaishnavism (vaiṣṇavism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshipping Vishnu as the supreme Lord. Similar to the Shaktism and Shaivism traditions, Vaishnavism also developed as an individual movement, famous for its exposition of the dashavatara (‘ten avatars of Vishnu’).

Kavyashastra (science of poetry)

Source: Shodhganga: Bhismacaritam a critical study

Smaraṇa (स्मरण, “Reminiscence”) refers to one of the various Alaṅkāras (‘figures of speech’) classified as Artha (‘sense’), as employed in the Bhīṣmacarita (Bhishma Charitra) which is a mahākāvya (‘epic poem’) written by Hari Narayan Dikshit.—An effective use of ‘smaraṇa’ is found at various places in this poem of Hari Narayan. Some of his best uses of the alaṅkāra are there in the poem. For illustration, in II.18 the poet has nicely depicted the reminiscence of Kārtikeya, the son of Lord Śiva, in the mind of Devavrata Bhīṣma when he watches the dance of peacocks. The other examples are VII.23, VIII.3, VIII.10, IX.12, etc.

context information

Kavyashastra (काव्यशास्त्र, kāvyaśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian tradition of poetry (kavya). Canonical literature (shastra) of the includes encyclopedic manuals dealing with prosody, rhetoric and various other guidelines serving to teach the poet how to compose literature.

Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology)

Source: Wisdom Library: Brihat Samhita by Varahamihira

Smaraṇa (स्मरण) refers to “thought (meditation)” (i.e., remembrance), according to the Bṛhatsaṃhitā (chapter 12), an encyclopedic Sanskrit work written by Varāhamihira mainly focusing on the science of ancient Indian astronomy astronomy (Jyotiṣa).—Accordingly, “The very thought (meditation) [i.e., smaraṇa] of the sage Agastya is calculated to wash off one’s sins; his praise (worship) must be capable of doing more. For the benefit, therefore, of princes, I will now speak of the rules of the Arghya (offering) to be presented to Agastya as stated by the Ṛṣis. The time of reappearance of the star Canopus (Agastya) is different in different places; and it is for the learned astronomer to ascertain these times for given places. In the town of Ujjain, the star reappears when the sun just begins to enter the 24th degree of the sign Leo”.

context information

Jyotisha (ज्योतिष, jyotiṣa or jyotish) refers to ‘astronomy’ or “Vedic astrology” and represents the fifth of the six Vedangas (additional sciences to be studied along with the Vedas). Jyotisha concerns itself with the study and prediction of the movements of celestial bodies, in order to calculate the auspicious time for rituals and ceremonies.

Sports, Arts and Entertainment (wordly enjoyments)

Source: archive.org: Syainika Sastra of Rudradeva with English Translation (art)

Smāraṇa (स्मारण) refers to “calling to mind (the wild habits)” (of a hawk), according to the Śyainika-śāstra: a Sanskrit treatise dealing with the divisions and benefits of Hunting and Hawking, written by Rājā Rudradeva (or Candradeva) in possibly the 13th century.—Accordingly, [while discussing the training of hawks]: “[...] The next step is to cast it into a tree and then lure it. At this time, in order to recall to its mind (smāraṇa) its wild habits, it should be allowed to prey upon pigeons and Kalaviṅkas. Those who cannot be tamed in this way should be carefully subjugated to the will of their master, by much ‘watching,’ by continually stroking them with the hand, and by drawing them nearer and nearer. [...]”.

context information

This section covers the skills and profiencies of the Kalas (“performing arts”) and Shastras (“sciences”) involving ancient Indian traditions of sports, games, arts, entertainment, love-making and other means of wordly enjoyments. Traditionally these topics were dealt with in Sanskrit treatises explaing the philosophy and the justification of enjoying the pleasures of the senses.

Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)

Source: Google Books: Manthanabhairavatantram

Smaraṇa (स्मरण) refers to “recollection”, according to the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—Accordingly, [while describing the initiation by a teacher]: “(Initiates) possess Navātmaka up to the seventeenth place (which is that of the supreme plane of existence). Bhairava’s form (is such) because (he) fills (all things) and by recollection (smaraṇa) also (he is) Bhairava [smaraṇādapi bhairavaḥ]. The disciples after this are innumerable. He who knows the first convention of the Flower is a (true) teacher. [...]”.

context information

Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.

Ganapatya (worship of Ganesha)

Source: archive.org: Shiva Purana - (Ganesha)

Smaraṇa (स्मरण) refers to “remembering (Gaṇeśa)”, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.4.18 (“Gaṇeśa crowned as the chief of Gaṇas”).—Accordingly, as Śiva said to Gaṇeśa: “[...] Then the rites shall formally be dismissed. Then he shall remember (smaraṇa) Gaṇeśa. Thus the Vrata shall be concluded auspiciously. When thus the Vrata is duly completed in a year, the devotee shall perform the rite of formal dismissal for the completion of the Vrata. At my bidding twelve brahmins shall be fed. After placing a jar your image shall be worshipped. [...]”.

context information

Ganapatya (गाणपत्य, gāṇapatya) represents a tradition of Hinduism where Ganesha is revered and worshipped as the prime deity (ishta-devata). Being a minor though influential movement, Ganapatya evovled, llike Shaktism and Shaivism, as a separate movement leaving behind a large body of literature.

In Buddhism

Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)

Source: De Gruyter: A Buddhist Ritual Manual on Agriculture

Smaraṇa (स्मरण) refers to “recollection”, according to the Vajratuṇḍasamayakalparāja, an ancient Buddhist ritual manual on agriculture from the 5th-century (or earlier), containing various instructions for the Sangha to provide agriculture-related services to laypeople including rain-making, weather control and crop protection.—Accordingly [as the Nāgas requested the Bhagavān for help], “O Bhagavān, extremely dreadful mantrapadas have been uttered. [...] O Bhagavān, by the mere recollection (smaraṇa) of this spell-king we will all send down rain showers. By mere recollection (smaraṇa) we will keep off excessive rain. We will not break the authorization of the Tathāgata’s words. Moreover, O Bhagavān, we will give the curse dhāraṇī-mantrapadas. [...]”.

context information

Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.

Languages of India and abroad

Marathi-English dictionary

Source: DDSA: The Molesworth Marathi and English Dictionary

smaraṇa (स्मरण).—n (S) Recollecting, recalling to mind. 2 Remembrance, retention in mind. 3 Revival of an idea or a point of knowledge; renewed presence before the mind; return into the memory. 4 Memory, the faculty of retaining or of recalling ideas. 5 Mental recitation of the names or the name of a deity: also calling upon him or thinking upon him, in imploration of aid or as an act of worship. 6 Any act or thing to preserve the remembrance of,--a monument, memorial, memento, memorandum, a souvenir or token.

Source: DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-English

smaraṇa (स्मरण).—n Recollection;memory.

context information

Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.

Sanskrit dictionary

Source: DDSA: The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary

Smaraṇa (स्मरण).—[smṛ-lyuṭ]

1) Remembering, remembrance, recollection; केवलं स्मरणेनैव पुनासि पुरुषं यतः (kevalaṃ smaraṇenaiva punāsi puruṣaṃ yataḥ) R.1.29.

2) Thinking of or about; यदि हरिस्मरणे सरसं मनः (yadi harismaraṇe sarasaṃ manaḥ) Gītagovinda 1.

3) Memory.

4) Tradition, traditional precept; इति भृगुस्मरणात् (iti bhṛgusmaraṇāt) (opp. śruti).

5) Mental recitation of the name of a deity.

6) Remembering with regret, regretting.

7) Rhetorical recollection, regarded as a figure of speech; thus defined:-यथानुभवमर्थस्य दृष्टे तत्सदृशे स्मृतिः स्मरणम् (yathānubhavamarthasya dṛṣṭe tatsadṛśe smṛtiḥ smaraṇam) K. P.1.

-ṇī A rosary of beads (for counting).

Derivable forms: smaraṇam (स्मरणम्).

--- OR ---

Smāraṇa (स्मारण).—

1) Calling to mind, reminding, causing to remember.

2) Calculating, checking; रमणीयेषु देशेषु घोषाः संप्रति कौरव । स्मारणे समयः प्राप्तो वत्सानामपि चाङ्कनम् (ramaṇīyeṣu deśeṣu ghoṣāḥ saṃprati kaurava | smāraṇe samayaḥ prāpto vatsānāmapi cāṅkanam) || Mahābhārata (Bombay) 3.239.4.

Derivable forms: smāraṇam (स्मारणम्).

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Smaraṇa (स्मरण).—n.

(-ṇaṃ) 1. Recollecting, remembering. 2. Memory, recollection. 3. Regretting, remembering with regret, anxious thought. 4. Tradition, traditional precept. 5. Name of a figure of speech. 6. Mental recitation of the name of a deity. E. spṛ to remember, aff. lyuṭ .

--- OR ---

Smāraṇa (स्मारण).—n.

(-ṇaṃ) Calling to mind, reminding, causing to remember. E. smṛ to remember, causal v., lyuṭ aff.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Smaraṇa (स्मरण).—i. e. smṛ + ana, n. 1. Remembering, [Hitopadeśa] ii. [distich] 56; remembrance, [Pañcatantra] 208, 14. 2. Memory, 3. Regretting.

--- OR ---

Smāraṇa (स्मारण).—i. e. smṛ, [Causal.], + ana, n. Calling to mind, causing to remember.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

Smaraṇa (स्मरण).—[neuter] remembrance, memory, tradition.

--- OR ---

Smāraṇa (स्मारण).—[neuter] reminding, calling to mind.

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Smaraṇa (स्मरण):—[from smṛ] n. the act of remembering or calling to mind, remembrance, reminiscence, recollection of ([genitive case] or [compound]), [Mahābhārata; Rāmāyaṇa] etc.

2) [v.s. ...] memory, [Bhāgavata-purāṇa]

3) [v.s. ...] a kind of [rhetoric] figure (cf. smṛti), [Kāvyaprakāśa]

4) [v.s. ...] handing down by memory, tradition, traditional teaching or record or precept (iti smaraṇāt, ‘from its being so mentioned in the Smṛti’ q.v.), [Manvarthamuktāvalī, kullūka bhaṭṭa’s Commentary on manu-smṛti] : [Yājñavalkya [Scholiast or Commentator]]

5) [v.s. ...] mental recitation (of the name of a deity), calling upon the name of a god, [Monier-Williams’ Sanskrit-English Dictionary]

6) Smāraṇa (स्मारण):—[from smṛ] n. the act of causing to remember, reminding, calling to mind, [Śaṃkarācārya; Sāhitya-darpaṇa]

7) Smāraṇā (स्मारणा):—[from smāraṇa > smṛ] f. counting or numbering again, calculating an account, checking, [Mahābhārata]

Source: Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

1) Smaraṇa (स्मरण):—(ṇaṃ) 1. n. Recollecting, memory; regretting.

2) Smāraṇa (स्मारण):—(ṇaṃ) 1. n. Reminding.

Source: DDSA: Paia-sadda-mahannavo; a comprehensive Prakrit Hindi dictionary (S)

Smaraṇa (स्मरण) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Bharaṇa, Vimharāvaṇa, Samaraṇa, Saraṇa, Sāraṇa, Sāraṇā, Sumaraṇa, Haraṇa.

[Sanskrit to German]

Smarana in German

context information

Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.

Hindi dictionary

Source: DDSA: A practical Hindi-English dictionary

Smaraṇa (स्मरण) [Also spelled smaran]:—(nm) memory; remembrance, recollection; -[patra/patraka] a reminder; -[śakti] memory.

context information

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Kannada-English dictionary

Source: Alar: Kannada-English corpus

Smaraṇa (ಸ್ಮರಣ):—

1) [noun] = ಸ್ಮರಣೆ [smarane].

2) [noun] an object that serves to bring to mind or keep in mind some person, event, etc.; souvenir, gift, keepsake, memento, etc.

3) [noun] a tradition or custom.

4) [noun] a traditional precept.

5) [noun] the plant Centella asiatica ( = Hydrocotyle asiatica of Apiaceae family.

context information

Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.

Relevant text

Search found 45 books and stories containing Smarana, Smaraṇa, Smāraṇa, Smāraṇā; (plurals include: Smaranas, Smaraṇas, Smāraṇas, Smāraṇās). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:

Verse 1.4.20 < [Chapter 4 - Bhakta (the devotee)]

Verse 2.3.146 < [Chapter 3 - Bhajana (loving service)]

Verse 2.2.101 < [Chapter 2 - Jñāna (knowledge)]

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Text 10.218 [Smaraṇa] < [Chapter 10 - Ornaments of Meaning]

Text 4.56 < [Chapter 4 - First-rate Poetry]

Text 10.219 < [Chapter 10 - Ornaments of Meaning]

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Text 5 < [Chapter 1 - Prathama-yāma-sādhana (Niśānta-bhajana–śraddhā)]

Text 5 < [Chapter 5 - Pañcama-yāma-sādhana (Aparāhna-kālīya-bhajana–kṛṣṇa-āsakti)]

Text 43 < [Chapter 2 - Dvitīya-yāma-sādhana (Prātaḥ-kālīya-bhajana)]

+ 12 more chapters / show preview