Dhira, Dhīra, Dhīrā, Dhi-ra: 35 definitions
Introduction:
Dhira means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, Marathi, Hindi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
In Hinduism
Ayurveda (science of life)
Nighantu (Synonyms and Characteristics of Drugs and technical terms)
1a) Dhīrā (धीरा) is another name for Kākolī, a medicinal plant identified with Roscoea purpurea from the Zingiberaceae or “ginger family” of flowering plants, according to verse 3.25-27 of the 13th-century Raj Nighantu or Rājanighaṇṭu. The third chapter (guḍūcyādi-varga) of this book contains climbers and creepers (vīrudh). Together with the names Dhīrā and Kākolī, there are a total of fifteen Sanskrit synonyms identified for this plant.
1b) Dhīrā (धीरा) is also mentioned as a synonym for Tejovatī, a medicinal plant similar to Jyotiṣmatī Celastrus paniculatus (black oil plant or intellect tree) from the Celastraceae or “staff vine” or “bittersweet family” of flowering plants, according to verse 3.82. The Raj Nighantu reads Jyotiṣmatī and Tejovatī together while Bāpālāl identifies Tejovatī with Zanthoxylum budrunga (cape yellowwood or Indian ivy-rue) from the Rutaceae or “rue” or “citrus” family.
2) Dhīra (धीर) is mentioned as a synonym for Ṛṣabhaka, a medicinal plant possibly identified with Microstylis muscifera Ridley which is a synonym of Malaxis muscifera (Lindl.) or “fly bearing malaxis” from the Orchidaceae or “orchid” family of flowering plants, according to verse 5.11-13. The fifth chapter (parpaṭādi-varga) of this book enumerates sixty varieties of smaller plants (kṣudra-kṣupa). Together with the names Dhīra and Ṛṣabhaka, there are a total of twenty Sanskrit synonyms identified for this plant.
Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)
1) Dhīra (धीर) refers to “resolute (elephants)”, according to the 15th century Mātaṅgalīlā composed by Nīlakaṇṭha in 263 Sanskrit verses, dealing with elephantology in ancient India, focusing on the science of management and treatment of elephants.—[Cf. chapter 1, “on the origin of elephants”]: “[...] The handsome elephant called ‘state’, originating in the first world age and in spring, has his entire body not over-stout, has rosy color, (great) girth and length, is enduring, mountain ranging, a good caravaner, sensitive according to the meaning (of the stimulus applied in driving him), resolute (dhīra), energetic (or, dignified), great, has a roar like a (thunder-) cloud, is loved by the cows, is heroic, has tawny eyes and tusks, and well-balanced (bodily) humors”.
2) Dhīra (धीर) refers to “one who is firm” (representing a desirable characteristic of the supervisor of elephants).—[Cf. chapter 12, “On the qualities of elephant drivers, etc.”]: “1. The supervisor of elephants should be intelligent, king-like, righteous, devoted to his lord, pure, true to his undertakings, free from vice, controlling his senses, well behaved, vigorous, tried by practice, delighting in kind words, his science learned from a good teacher, clever, firm (dhīra), affording protection, renowned for curing disease (in elephants), fearless, all knowing”.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
Shaktism (Shakta philosophy)
Dhīra (धीर) refers to “one who is deep”, according to the Manthānabhairavatantra, a vast sprawling work that belongs to a corpus of Tantric texts concerned with the worship of the goddess Kubjikā.—Accordingly, “(A true practitioner) is a hero (vīra) who exerts himself and is courageous. He is content, devoted to the teacher, not greedy, compassionate, industrious, self-controlled, of good appearance, sāttvika, deep [i.e., dhīra], all his limbs are intact (and) active, he knows (true) devotion and the scriptures and crosses over into (higher) realities. He is devoted to the transmission which is free of thought (nirvikalpakrama), he eats what he has begged and is desireless. [...]”.
Dhīra (धीर) refers to “patient”, according to the King Vatsarāja’s Pūjāstuti called the Kāmasiddhistuti (also Vāmakeśvarīstuti), guiding one through the worship of the Goddess Nityā.—Accordingly, “[...] I worship the three-eyed sharp-natured Kṣetreśa. His body is black, he has destroyed his adversaries, he carries a skull-bowl and a spear, [but] he is compassionate. I resort to Śaṅkhanidhi and Padmanidhi, who who sit upon a conch and lotus [respectively] as their seats. They are patient (dhīra), bear the gestures of generosity and protection in their hands, and bring about everyone’s dreams. [...]
Shakta (शाक्त, śākta) or Shaktism (śāktism) represents a tradition of Hinduism where the Goddess (Devi) is revered and worshipped. Shakta literature includes a range of scriptures, including various Agamas and Tantras, although its roots may be traced back to the Vedas.
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Dhīra (धीर) refers to “the bold one” and is used to describe Śiva, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.11.—Accordingly, as Himavat (Himālaya) eulogised Śiva: “[...] O Śiva, obeisance to the resident of Kailāsa, obeisance to one who wanders all over the worlds, obeisance to thee the great lord, to the one indulging in divine sports, obeisance to the trident-holder. O lord, of complete and perfect qualities, obeisance to Thee, devoid of aberrations. Obeisance to Thee without aspirations. Obeisance to Thee without desires. Obeisance to the bold one [i.e., dhīra], to the great soul. [...]”.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Dhīra (धीर) refers to “(one who is) firm”, according to the Kiraṇatantra chapter 49 (dealing with vratacaryā).—Accordingly, “Garuḍa spoke: ‘You have taught me, O great Lord, the activities of the Neophyte, the Putraka and the Ācārya. Tell me those of the Sādhaka’. The Lord spoke: ‘The excellent Sādhaka [should be] full of sattva, firm (dhīra), capable of endurance, his mind fixed on [his] mantra, unassailable, of great wisdom, looking impartially on mud, stones and gold engaged, regular in [the performance of] oblations, always devoted to recitation and meditation, dexterous in the dispelling of obstacles, firm in [the practice of his] religious observance, calm, pure. [...]’”.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Vedanta (school of philosophy)
Dhīra (धीर) refers to a “wise person” (i.e., one knowing their own self—Ātman), according to the Aṣṭāvakragītā (5th century BC), an ancient text on spirituality dealing with Advaita-Vedānta topics.—Accordingly, [as Aṣṭavakra says to Janaka]: “Knowing yourself as truly one and indestructible, how could a wise man (dhīra) possessing self-knowledge like you feel any pleasure in acquiring wealth? [tavātmajñānadhīrasya kathamarthārjane ratiḥ] Truly, when one does not know oneself, one takes pleasure in the objects of mistaken perception, just as greed arises for the mistaken silver in one who does not know mother of pearl for what it is. All this wells up like waves in the sea. Recognizing, ‘I am That’, why run around like someone in need? [...]”
Vedanta (वेदान्त, vedānta) refers to a school of orthodox Hindu philosophy (astika), drawing its subject-matter from the Upanishads. There are a number of sub-schools of Vedanta, however all of them expound on the basic teaching of the ultimate reality (brahman) and liberation (moksha) of the individual soul (atman).
In Buddhism
Theravada (major branch of Buddhism)
Two Theris of this name are mentioned, both belonging to the Sakiyans of Kapilavatthu.
They were members of the Bodhisattas court, at the time when he became the Buddha.
They left home with Pajapati Gotami, entered the Order and became arahants. Thig.6, 7; ThigA.12.
Theravāda is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Dhīra (धीर) refers to “courageous”, according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā: the eighth chapter of the Mahāsaṃnipāta (a collection of Mahāyāna Buddhist Sūtras).—Accordingly, as Bodhisattva Gaganagañja explains to Bodhisattva Ratnaśrī what kind of concentration should be purified: “[...] (46) [when the Bodhisattvas attain] the concentration called ‘Courageous’ (dhīra-samādhi), they will be irreversible; (47) [when the Bodhisattvas attain] the concentration called ‘Giving equally’, there will be no discrimination of living beings; (48) [when the Bodhisattvas attain] the concentration called ‘Collection of morality’, all vows will be fulfilled; [...]”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are many sūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism)
Dhīra (धीर) refers to “firm”, according to the Guru-maṇḍala-arcana [i.e., “Guru Mandala Worship]” ritual often performed in combination with the Cakrasaṃvara Samādhi, which refers to the primary pūjā and sādhanā practice of Newah Mahāyāna-Vajrayāna Buddhists in Nepal.—Accordingly, “In the Mandala, an obscured Himalaya, abiding seated in lotus posture, [..] making many triple-dark demons, world protectors, destroying all fear, with a tiger skin garment, doing wrong, overcoming wrong, firm (dhīra), deep, the letters Hūṃ, Phaṭ, or the letters Hāṃ Hāṃ, filling up the entire sky, [...] a helper for crossing over together, the dreadful wilderness of saṃsāra, routing Māra, Śrī Vajrasattva, homage”.
Tibetan Buddhism includes schools such as Nyingma, Kadampa, Kagyu and Gelug. Their primary canon of literature is divided in two broad categories: The Kangyur, which consists of Buddha’s words, and the Tengyur, which includes commentaries from various sources. Esotericism and tantra techniques (vajrayāna) are collected indepently.
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Dhīra (धीर) participated in the war between Rāma and Rāvaṇa, on the side of the latter, as mentioned in Svayambhūdeva’s Paumacariu (Padmacarita, Paumacariya or Rāmāyaṇapurāṇa) chapter 57ff. Svayambhū or Svayambhūdeva (8th or 9th century) was a Jain householder who probably lived in Karnataka. His work recounts the popular Rāma story as known from the older work Rāmāyaṇa (written by Vālmīki). Various chapters [mentioning Dhīra] are dedicated to the humongous battle whose armies (known as akṣauhiṇīs) consisted of millions of soldiers, horses and elephants, etc.
Dhīrā (धीरा) is the name of a vidyā subdued by Rāvaṇa, according to the Jain Ramayana and chapter 7.1 [origin of the rākṣasavaṃśa and vānaravaṃśa] of Hemacandra’s 11th century Triṣaṣṭiśalākāpuruṣacaritra: an ancient Sanskrit epic poem narrating the history and legends of sixty-three illustrious persons in Jainism.
Accordingly, “[...] Rāvaṇa, knowing the highest good, not considering it worthless, remained motionless like a high mountain, absorbed in preeminent meditation. ‘Well done! Well done!’ was the cry of gods in the sky, and the Yakṣa-servants departed quickly, terrified. One thousand vidyās, the sky being lighted up by them, came to Daśāsya (=Rāvaṇa), saying aloud, ‘We are subject to you.’ [e.g., Dhīrā, ...] great vidyās beginning with these were subdued by noble Daśāsya in just a few days because of his former good acts. [...]”.
Dhīra (धीर) refers to a “wise person”, according to the 11th century Jñānārṇava, a treatise on Jain Yoga in roughly 2200 Sanskrit verses composed by Śubhacandra.—Accordingly, “On a flat piece of wood or stone, on the ground or on sandy soil, the wise [person] (dhīra) should adopt a stable posture for the accomplishment of absorption. Thus, sitting cross-legged, sitting half cross-legged, thunderbolt, hero posture and the previously mentioned pleasant and lotus [postures] as well as abandonment of the body is highly thought of. [...]”.
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
Biology (plants and animals)
Dhira in the Sanskrit language is the name of a plant identified with Luvunga scandens (Roxb.) Buch.-Ham. ex Wight & Arn. from the Rutaceae (Lemon) family having the following synonyms: Limonia scandens, Luvunga nitida. For the possible medicinal usage of dhira, you can check this page for potential sources and references, although be aware that any some or none of the side-effects may not be mentioned here, wether they be harmful or beneficial to health.
Dhira in the Sanskrit language is the name of a plant identified with Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. ex DC. from the Fabaceae (Pea) family having the following synonyms: Dalbergia pendula, Pterocarpus sissoo.
1) Dhira in India is the name of a plant defined with Crocus sativus in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Safran officinarum Medik. (among others).
2) Dhira is also identified with Dalbergia sissoo It has the synonym Amerimnon sissoo Kuntze (etc.).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· Fl. Ital. (1860)
· Revisio Generum Plantarum (1891)
· Nomenclator Botanicus (1840)
· Illustrations of the Botany of the Himalayan Mountains (1834)
· Regnum Vegetabile, or ‘a Series of Handbooks for the Use of Plant Taxonomists and Plant Geographers’ (1993)
· Hortus Bengalensis, or ‘a Catalogue of the Plants Growing in the Hounourable East India Company's Botanical Garden at Calcutta’ (1814)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Dhira, for example chemical composition, side effects, extract dosage, health benefits, diet and recipes, pregnancy safety, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
dhīra : (adj.) wise; the wise.
Dhīra, (adj.) (combining in meaning 1. Sk. dhīra “firm” fr. dhārayati (see dharati & dhiti); 2. Vedic. dhīra “wise” fr. dīdheti (see dhi2). The fluctuation of connotation is also scen in the explains of Coms which always give the foll. three conventional etymologies, viz. dhikkitapāpa, dhiti-sampanna, dhiyā (=paññāya) samannāgata Nd144≈(see dhi2)) constant, firm, self-relying, of character; wise, possessing the knowledge of the Dhamma, often=paṇḍita & Ep. of an Arahant D.II, 128; S.I, 24 (lokapariyāyaṃ aññāya nibbutā dh.), 122, 221; Sn.45, 235 (nibbanti dhīrā), 913 (vippamutto diṭṭhigatehi dh.), 1052; It.68 (°upasevanā, opp. bāla), 122 (dh. sabbaganthapamocano); Dh.23, 28, 177 (opp. bāla); Th.1, 4; 2, 7 (dhammā=tejussadehi ariyamag‹-› gadhammehi ThA.13); J.III, 396; V, 116; Pv.II, 16; II, 945; Nd1 44, 55, 482; Nd2 324 (=jutimant); Miln.342; KhA 194, 224, 230; DhA.III, 189 (=paṇḍita). (Page 341)
1) dhīra (ဓီရ) [(na) (န)]—
[dhā+īra]
[ဓာ+ဤရ]
2) dhīra (ဓီရ) [(ti) (တိ)]—
[dhī+ra．dhī+rā．daha+ra．dhā+ra．dhī paññā assa atthīti dhīro．madhvādito ro．dhīyā paññāya rātigaṇhātīti vā dhīro．atha vā dhāretīti dhīro．dhā dhāraṇe,vajādīhīti ādinā vā dhātānadhīdhāti moggallānasuttena vā rappaccayo,majjhe ī．sūci．(-sārattha,1.197．sārattha,2.74.．,ṭī.229,1va72．,ṇvādi.145)．(dhīra-saṃç prāç addhamāgadhiç sī)]
[ဓီ+ရ။ ဓီ+ရာ။ ဒဟ+ရ။ ဓာ+ရ။ ဓီ ပညာ အဿ အတ္ထီတိ ဓီရော။ မဓွာဒိတော ရော။ ဓီယာ ပညာယ ရာတိဂဏှာတီတိ ဝါ ဓီရော။ အထ ဝါ ဓာရေတီတိ ဓီရော။ ဓာ ဓာရဏေ၊ ဝဇာဒီဟီတိ အာဒိနာ ဝါ ဓာတာနဓီဓာတိ မောဂ္ဂလ္လာနသုတ္တေန ဝါ ရပ္ပစ္စယော၊ မဇ္ဈေ ဤ။ သူစိ။ (-သာရတ္ထ၊၁။၁၉၇။ သာရတ္ထ၊၂။၇၄။ဓာန်။ ဓာန်၊ဋီ။၂၂၉၊၁ဝ၇၂။ မောဂ်၊ ဏွာဒိ။၁၄၅)။ (ဓီရ-သံ,ပြာ,အဒ္ဓမာဂဓိ,သီဟိုဠ်)]
[Pali to Burmese]
1) dhīra—
(Burmese text): ပညာရှိသော၊ သူ၊ (က) ပညာဖြင့် အကျိုးအမျိုးမျိုးကို ယူတတ်သော၊ သူ။ (ခ) ဆန့်ကျင်ဘက် တရားတို့ကို သုတ်သင်တတ်သော၊ သူ။ (ဂ) ကဲ့ရဲ့အပ်သော မကောင်းမှုရှိသော၊ သူ။ (ဃ) ဘုရားရှင် (င) ရဟန္တာ။ (စ) ပစ္စေကဗုဒ္ဓါ ဘုရားရှင်။ (ဆ) သိကြားမင်း။ (ဇ) ဓီရာအမည်ရှိသော ရဟန်းမိန်းမ။ ဓီရင်္ဂရူပ-(၁)-ကြည့်။ ဓီရာထေရီ-လည်းကြည့်။
(Auto-Translation): A knowledgeable person is one who (a) can derive various benefits from knowledge; (b) can teach opposing principles; (c) has experienced some shortcomings; (d) a deity; (e) a monk; (f) the Buddha of wisdom; (g) an enlightened king; (h) a female monk named Dira; refer to Dirangaru for more. Also refer to Dirathery.
2) dhīra—
(Burmese text): ပညာ။
(Auto-Translation): Knowledge.
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
ḍhirā (ढिरा).—m (Usually ḍirā) A new shoot or sprout; or the unexpanded end of a sprout. 2 fig. A pointed stick used by thatchers to toss up their bundles.
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dhirā (धिरा).—m (dhīra) A prop. 2 fig. Encouragement, countenance, support. 3 An upright (or inclined post) of a draw-well.
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dhirā (धिरा).—int dhirē or dhirēdhirē or dhiradhirē int Slowly! gently! carefully!
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dhīra (धीर).—m (S) The quality or power of expecting long, enduring long, or persisting long;--patience, calmness, forbearance, fortitude, resolution, steadiness, stanchness. v dhara, yē, suṭa, phuṭa, phāṭa, sōḍa, ṭāka. Pr. dhīra asēla pōṭīṃ tara barēṃ hōīla śēvaṭīṃ. 2 Power of retention, hold: as tōṇḍālā dhīra Hold upon one's inclination to speak or to eat; jibhēlā dhīra Hold upon the tongue; pāyāṃlā dhīra Power of standing, stopping, staying still &c.; śaucālā dhīra nāhīṃ Expresses diarrhœa or great looseness. 3 Permanence, continuance, abiding (bōlaṇyānta-kara- ṇyānta-cālaṇyānta). 4 Quality of lasting; holding together; holding fast (in animals, buildings &c. dhōḍyānta-gharānta-khāmbānta-gāḍyānta-kāpaḍānta-kāgadānta.) dhīra karaṇēṃ To make a bold attempt. dhīra cēpaṇēṃ g. of s. To get or have one's courage or assurance confirmed or established. dhīra dēṇēṃ To encourage, assure, fortify. dhīra nighaṇēṃ in. con. To get courage or resolution for or unto. dhirācā Patient, firm, determined, resolute.
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dhīra (धीर).—m (Commonly dhirā) A prop or shore. 2 fig. Patronage or support.
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dhīra (धीर).—a (S) Patient. Pr. dhīra tō gambhīra utāvaḷā tō bāvaḷā. 2 Firm, enduring, steady, stanch: also determined, resolute, intrepid.
ḍhirā (ढिरा).—m A sprout. ḍhirī f A young sprout.
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dhirā (धिरा).—m A prop. Encouragement, countenance, support. m A prop. A support or stay; encouragement, reassurance. v dē.
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dhirā (धिरा).—int dhirē or dhirēdhirē or dhirādhira int Slowly! gently! carefully!
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dhīra (धीर).—m Patience, calmness, resolution. Power of retention, hold. dhīra karaṇēṃ To make a bold attempt. dhīra cēpaṇēṃ To get or have one's courage or as- surance confirmed or established. dhīra dēṇēṃ To encourage, assure, fortify. dhīra nighaṇēṃ in. con. To get courage or reso- lution for or unto. dhirācā Patient, firm, determined, resolute.
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dhīra (धीर).—a Patient. Pr. dhīra tō gambhīra utāvaḷā tō bāvaḷā. Firm, resolute.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Dhīra (धीर).—a. [dhiyaṃ rāti rā-ka, dhiyamīrayati īra-aṇ vā upa° sa Tv.] Brave, bold, courageous; धीरोद्धता गतिः (dhīroddhatā gatiḥ) Uttararāmacarita 6.19.
2) Steady, steadfast, firm, durable, lasting, constant निषेदुषीमासनबन्धधीरः (niṣeduṣīmāsanabandhadhīraḥ) R.2.6.
3) Strong-minded, persevering, self-possessed, resolute, of firm resolve or purpose; धीरा हि तरन्त्यापदम् (dhīrā hi tarantyāpadam) K.175; विकारहेतौ सति विक्रियन्ते येषां न चेतांसि त एव धीराः (vikārahetau sati vikriyante yeṣāṃ na cetāṃsi ta eva dhīrāḥ) Kumārasambhava 1.59.
4) Composed, calm, collected.
5) Sedate, sober, grave, solemn; सागरधीरचेताः (sāgaradhīracetāḥ) R.18.4.
6) Strong, energetic.
7) Wise, prudent, intelligent, sensible, learned, clever; तमेव धीरो विज्ञाय प्रज्ञां कुर्वीत ब्राह्मणः (tameva dhīro vijñāya prajñāṃ kurvīta brāhmaṇaḥ) Bṛ. Up.4.4.21. धृतेश्च धीरः सदृशीर्व्यधत्त सः (dhṛteśca dhīraḥ sadṛśīrvyadhatta saḥ) R.3.1;5.38; 16.74; Uttararāmacarita 5.31.
8) Deep, grave, loud, hollow (as sound); स्वरेण धीरेण निवर्तयन्निव (svareṇa dhīreṇa nivartayanniva) R.3.43,59; Uttararāmacarita 6.17.
9) Well-conducted, well-behaved.
1) Gentle, soft, agreeable, pleasing (as a breeze); धीरसमीरे यमुनातीरे वसति वने वनमाली (dhīrasamīre yamunātīre vasati vane vanamālī) Gītagovinda 5.
11) Lazy, dull.
12) Daring.
13) Headstrong.
-raḥ 1 The ocean.
2) An epithet of Buddha.
3) The thinking principle, the soul (cidātman).
4) An epithet of king Bali.
-ram Saffron.
-ram -ind. Boldly, firmly, steadfastly. steadily; धीरं विलोकयति (dhīraṃ vilokayati) Bhartṛhari 2.31; Amaru. 13.
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Dhīrā (धीरा).—The heroine of a poetic composition who, though jealous of her husband or lover, suppresses all outward manifestation or expression of her resentment in his presence or as the Rasamañjarī puts it, व्यङ्ग्यकोपप्रकाशिका धीरा (vyaṅgyakopaprakāśikā dhīrā); see S. D. 12-15 also.
Dhīra (धीर).—mfn.
(-raḥ-rā-raṃ) 1. Wise, sensible, learned. 2. Firm, steady, consistent, determined. 3. Cool, collected. 4. Head-strong, self-willed, uncontrollable. 5. Lazy, dull, slow. 6. Strong, powerful. 7. Wellbehaved, decorous, decent. 8. Gentle, steady, (as a breeze.) 9. Deep, (as a sound) m.
(-raḥ) 1. A name of Bali, a celebrated prince. 2. The ocean. mn.
(-raḥ-raṃ) Saffron. f.
(-rā) 1. A drug; also kākolī. 2. A woman who, although jealous of a husband or lover, suppresses all expression of resentment in his presence. E. dhī understanding, rā to possess, ka affix; or dhī with īra to go to, affix aṇ; or dhī to possess, ktan Unadi aff. dhiyaṃ rāti rā-ka . dhiyamīrayati īraaṇ vā . upa0 sa .
Dhīra (धीर).—i. e. I. dhṛ + a, adj. 1. Lasting, Cāṭ. 7. 2. Firm, resolute, [Harivaṃśa, (ed. Calc.)] 3755; [Bhartṛhari, (ed. Bohlen.)] 2, 72; [Hitopadeśa] i. [distich] 167; courageous, Kāthas. 18, 297. 3. Solemn, grave, [Bhartṛhari, (ed. Bohlen.)] 2, 26. 4. Deep (as a sound), [Raghuvaṃśa, (ed. Stenzler.)] 16, 13. Ii. dhī + ra, adj. Sensible, wise, Mahābhārata 5, 1076; [Rāmāyaṇa] 3, 19 13;
Dhīra (धीर).—1. ([feminine] dhīrī & dhīrā) intelligent, skilful, clever, wise; [abstract] tā† [feminine], tva [neuter]†
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Dhīra (धीर).—2. [adjective] firm, steady, grave, deep (sound); insisting on (—°), constant, persevering, resolute, courageous; °— & [neuter] [adverb]; [abstract] tā [feminine], tva [neuter]
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Dhīra (धीर).—3. [neuter] saffron.
1) Dhīra (धीर):—[from dhī] 1. dhīra mf(ī or ā)n. intelligent, wise, skilful, clever, familiar with, versed in ([locative case]), [Ṛg-veda] etc. etc. ([Comparative degree] dhīra-tara, [Atharva-veda; Rāmāyaṇa])
2) [v.s. ...] m. Name of a Buddha, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
3) [v.s. ...] of sub voce men with the [patronymic] Śātaparṇeya, [Śatapatha-brāhmaṇa]
4) 2. dhīra mf(ā)n. (√dhṛ or dhā? cf. [Uṇādi-sūtra ii, 24]) steady, constant, firm, resolute, brave, energetic, courageous, self-possessed, composed, calm, grave, [Harivaṃśa; Kāvya literature; Purāṇa]
5) deep, low, dull (as sound), [Kālidāsa; Amaru-śataka] etc.
6) gentle, soft, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
7) well-conducted, well-bred, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
8) m. the ocean, sea (as an image of constancy?)
9) Name of Bali, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
10) of other men, [Rājataraṅgiṇī]
11) Dhīrā (धीरा):—[from dhīra] f. Name of sub voce [medicine] plants (kākolī, kṣīra-kāk, mahā-jyotiṣmatī, medā, śveta-vacā, Rosa Glandulifera), [Bhāvaprakāśa; cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
12) [v.s. ...] an intoxicating beverage, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.]
13) [v.s. ...] a woman who keeps down all expression of resentment or jealousy, [Sāhitya-darpaṇa]
14) [v.s. ...] Name of a woman, [Catalogue(s)]
15) Dhīra (धीर):—n. saffron, [cf. Lexicographers, esp. such as amarasiṃha, halāyudha, hemacandra, etc.] (not always, [especially] in [compound], separable from 1. dhīra).
Dhīra (धीर):—[(raḥ-rā-raṃ) a.] Wise, cautious; firm; strong; sedate; headstrong; lazy; deep (sound). m. Bāli; the ocean. f. (rā) A drug. m. n. Saffron.
Dhīra (धीर):—1. (von dhar; vgl. u. [22]) [Uṇādisūtra 2, 24.] adj. f. ā
1) anhaltend, beständig, fest [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha 2, 433.] [Medinīkoṣa r. 51.] dhīranīranikaraiḥ [Gedicht vom Vogel Cātaka 7.] samīra [Gītagovinda 5, 8.] dhīrayā dṛśā [Kathāsaritsāgara 18, 90.] smaradhīrakīrti [Dhūrtasamāgama 92, 1.] dhīram adv.: prayayau festen, entschlossenen Schrittes [Harivaṃśa 3755.] gajapuṃgavastu dhīraṃ vilokayati mit unverwandtem Blicke [Bhartṛhari 2, 26.] Häufig von Personen in der Bed. fest auf Etwas bestehend, beharrlich, standhaft, charakterfest, entschlossen, beherzt: āsanabandha [Raghuvaṃśa 2, 6.] [Rāmāyaṇa 1.2, 35.] na niścitārthādviramanti dhīrāḥ [Bhartṛhari 2, 72. 41. 81.] alpasattveṣu dhīrāṇāmavajñaiva hi śobhate [Kathāsaritsāgara 18, 131.] na śikṣitaḥ prayatno hi dhīrāṇāṃ hṛdaye bhiyā [150. 137. 272. 359. 1, 42. 7, 88.] dhīrā hi dustaramapi vyasanaṃ taranti Cit. bei [UJJVAL.] zu [Uṇādisūtra 2, 24.] vināpyarthairdhīraḥ (v. l. vīraḥ) spṛśati bahumānonnatipadam . samāyukto pyarthaiḥ paribhavapadaṃ yāti kṛpaṇaḥ .. [Hitopadeśa I, 167.] [Cāṇakya 106.] gatasvārthamimaṃ dehaṃ virakto muktavandhanaḥ . avijñātagatirjahyātsa vai dhīra udāhṛtaḥ .. [Bhāgavatapurāṇa 1, 13, 24. 3, 5, 46.] [Vetālapañcaviṃśati 3, 20. 4, 1. 2.] [Prabodhacandrodaja 34, 17.] dhīracetas beherzt [Kathāsaritsāgara 18, 297.] sāgaradhīracetas wohl dessen Herz so beständig wie das Meer ist [Raghuvaṃśa 18, 3.] [STENZLER] übersetzt das Wort durch profundus, der Schol. in der Calc. Ausg. umschreibt es gleichfalls durch gambhīra . Das Meer erscheint wohl in der Regel als Bild der Tiefe, aber auf der anderen Seite kann es auch gar wohl als Bild der Beständigkeit und Unveränderlichkeit verwendet werden, da seine Wassermasse trotz aller Zuflüsse und aller Hitze unveränderlich erscheint. Die Bedeutung tief kommt dem Worte nur in übertragenem Sinne (s. w. u.) zu. dhīra in der zu cetas passenden Bed. klug aufzufassen verbietet das vorangehende sāgara. dhīrodātta, dhīroddhata, dhīralalita und dhīrapraśānta vier Arten von Helden [Sāhityadarpana 65. fgg.] dhīrā, adhīrā und dhīrādhīrā von Heroinen [102. fgg.] An der zweiten Stelle übersetzt [BALLANTYNE] das Wort durch possessend of self-command, sich in der Gewalt habend; dem entsprechen die Bedeutungen svaira und svacchanda in [Hemacandra’s Anekārthasaṃgraha] und [Medinīkoṣa] —
2) vom Tone lange nachtönend, tief, dumpf: stanitavacanaiḥ [Meghadūta 96.] mṛdaṅgadhīradhvani [Raghuvaṃśa 16, 13.] avocadenaṃ gaganaspṛśā raghuḥ svareṇa dhīreṇa nivartayanniva [3, 43.] dhīraṃ vāridharasya vāri kirataḥ śrutvā niśīthe dhvanim [Amaruśataka 11.] tāradhīratūryāravapratiravaiḥ [Kathāsaritsāgara 20, 226.] dhīrapraśāntasvaraistapasvibhirbhavitavyam [Śākuntala 27, 10.] paridhīrarava [Ghaṭakarpara 4.] adv.: pramathyamānārṇavadhīranādinī [Raghuvaṃśa 3, 59.] —
3) Die Lexicographen kennen noch folgende Bedeutungen: balayuta kräftig, stark [Śabdaratnāvalī im Śabdakalpadruma] manda gelind u.s.w. (auch Gegens. von dhīra klug) [Trikāṇḍaśeṣa 3, 3, 357.] vinīta wohlgezogen u.s.w. [UṆĀDIVṚ. im SAṂKṢIPTAS. Śabdakalpadruma] — Nicht ohne Widerstreben haben wir 1. dhīra von 2. dhīra getrennt, aber eine ungekünstelte Vermittelung der Bedeutungen wollte uns nicht recht gelingen. Vgl. adhīra .
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Dhīra (धीर):—
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Dhīra (धीर):—3. (= 1. oder 2. dhīra)
1) m. a) Meer (vgl. u. 1. dhīra [1.]) [ŚABDĀRTHAK. ] bei [Wilson’s Wörterbuch] — b) Beiname eines Buddha (der Weise) [Vyutpatti oder Mahāvyutpatti 2.] — c) Beiname des Fürsten Bali [Śabdaratnāvalī im Śabdakalpadruma] — d) Nomen proprium verschiedener Männer, mit dem patron. śātaparṇeya [The Śatapathabrāhmaṇa 10,3,3,1. -] [Rājataraṅgiṇī.5,26.] [Oxforder Handschriften 148,a,8.] — e) eine best. Arzeneipflanze, = ṛṣabha [Rājanirghaṇṭa im Śabdakalpadruma] —
2) f. dhīrā a) ein berauschendes Getränk [Hārāvalī 63.] — b) Name verschiedener Arzeneipflanzen, = kākolī (auch [NIGH. PR.]) und mahājyotiṣmatī [Rājanirghaṇṭa im Śabdakalpadruma] = kṣīrakākolī, śvetavacā, medā, Rosa glandulifera [NIGH. PR. -] Nach [Medinīkoṣa] ist das f. = śravaṇatulyā (?). —
3) n. Saffran [Amarakoṣa 2, 6, 3, 26.] [Trikāṇḍaśeṣa 3, 3, 357.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 645.] [Anekārthasaṃgraha 2, 433.] [Medinīkoṣa r. 51. fg.]
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Dhīra (धीर):—1.
1) tvadānanamadhīrākṣam mit den beweglichen Augen [Spr. 4150. Z. 5] lies sieht ruhigen Auges vor sich hin; vgl. [Spr. 2663.] [Sp. 967, Z. 8. fgg.] vgl. [Spr. 5317] und acalapratiṣṭha ( [Spr. 362]) und maryādin als Beiww. des Meeres. [Z. 17. fg.] vgl. [Bharata] [NĀṬYAŚ. 34,5. 6.] [DAŚAR.2,3. fgg. 8.] [PRATĀPAR.4,a.]
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Dhīra (धीर):—2. von Personen [Spr. 2587. 2782. 4066. 5057.]
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Dhīra (धीर):—3.
2) c) Nomen proprium eines Frauenzimmers [HALL 66.]
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Dhīra (धीर):—2. sich auf Etwas (nom. act. im loc.) verstehend [Spr. (II) 6110.]
Dhīra (धीर):—1. Adj. (f. ā) —
1) anhaltend , beständig , fest , unbeweglich. dhīram Adv. mit vilokay ruhigen Auges. —
2) lange nachtönend , tief , dumpf. dhīram und dhīra Adv. —
3) fest auf Etwas (im Comp. vorangehend) bestehend , beharrlich , standhaft , charakterfest , entschlossen , beherzt (auch von einer bes. Art von Heroine). —
4) * = manda und vinīta.
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Dhīra (धीर):—2. Adj. (f. dhīrī und dhīrā) verständig , klug , weise ; geschickt , kunstfertig , sich verstehend auf (Loc. eines Nom. act.). Compar. dhīratara.
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Dhīra (धीर):—3. —
1) m. — a) *das Meer. — b) *eine best. Arzeneipflanze. — c) *Beiname — α) eines Buddha. — β) des Fürsten Bali. — d) Nomen proprium verschiedener Männer. —
2) f. dhīrā — a) *ein berauschendes Getränk. — b) Bez. verschiedener Pflanzen , = kākolī , kṣīrakākolī , mahājyotiṣmatī , medā , śvetavacā und Rosa glandulifera [Rājan 3,13.73,9,132.] [Bhāvaprakāśa 1,170,196.] — c) Nomen proprium einer Frau. —
3) *n. Safran.
Dhīra (धीर) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Dhīra, Dhīrava, Dhīrāa.
Dhīra (in Sanskrit) can be associated with the following Chinese terms:
1) 慧人 [huì rén]: “wise person”..
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Dhīra (धीर) [Also spelled dhir]:—(a) patient; resolute, firm, steady; slow; (nm) consolation, solace; patience; ~[cetā] of steady mind, firm and resolute; ~[praśāṃta] (a category of hero in traditional Indian poetics) whose characteristic is quiet gallantry; quietly gallant; ~[lalita] (a category of traditional Indian poetical hero) whose personality is characterised by steady gallantry and frolicsomeness;—[baṃdhānā] to console; —[dhīrā so gaṃbhīrā] still waters run deep.
...
Prakrit-English dictionary
1) Dhīra (धीर) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Dhīra.
2) Dhīra (धीर) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Dhīra.
3) Dhīra (धीर) also relates to the Sanskrit word: Dhairya.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Dhīra (ಧೀರ):—
1) [adjective] not daunted; willing to face danger, pain or trouble; brave; dauntless.
2) [adjective] resolute; determined; resolved; unwavering.
3) [adjective] having an impressive and manly appearance.
4) [adjective] charming; beautiful; attractive.
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Dhīra (ಧೀರ):—
1) [noun] the quality of being dauntless, fearless; bravery; courage.
2) [noun] a brave, courageous, fearless man.
3) [noun] a man of very keen intelligence.
4) [noun] a scholar or wise man.
5) [noun] an ocean or sea.
6) [noun] the dried, aromatic stigmas of the perennial plant Crocus sativus of Iridaceae family, used in flavouring and colouring foods, and formerly in medicine; saffron powder.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
1) Dhīra (धीर):—adj. 1. patient; persevering; 2. grave; deep; 3. lasting; stable; constant; 4. soft; gentle; mild; 5. handsome; attractive;
2) Dhīrā (धीरा):—n. heroine of a poetic composition. jealous of her husband due to his extra-martial relationship, expresses her resentment in his presence;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Partial matches (+0): Ira, Dhi, Dha, Ti, Ra, Ta.
Starts with (+25): Dhirabhava, Dhiracetas, Dhiradhamma, Dhiradhi, Dhiradhira, Dhiradhvani, Dhiralalita, Dhiranaga, Dhiranekagunogha, Dhiranga, Dhirapakati, Dhirapattri, Dhiraprashanta, Dhirapurisa, Dhiraputta, Dhiraranjanika, Dhirasamadhi, Dhirasammata, Dhirasattva, Dhirashanta.
Full-text (+230): Thera, Adhira, Dhiradhira, Dhiraprashanta, Dhirodatta, Dhiralalita, Dhiratva, Dhiroddhata, Sudhira, Dhirata, Yajnadhira, Dhirashanta, Dhiraskandha, Paridhira, Dhiracetas, Dhiram, Dhirashiva, Dhairya, Dhirabhava, Dhirasattva.
Relevant text
Search found 147 books and stories containing Dhira, Dha-ira, Dhā-īra, Dhi-ra, Dhī-ra, Dhīra, Dhīrā, Ḍhirā, Dhirā; (plurals include: Dhiras, iras, īras, ras, Dhīras, Dhīrās, Ḍhirās, Dhirās). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Chaitanya Bhagavata (by Bhumipati Dāsa)
Verse 1.16.11 < [Chapter 16 - The Glories of Śrī Haridāsa Ṭhākura]
Verse 2.18.79 < [Chapter 18 - Mahāprabhu’s Dancing as a Gopī]
Verse 2.1.4 < [Chapter 1 - The Beginning of the Lord’s Manifestation and His Instructions on Kṛṣṇa-saṅkīrtana]
Bhagavad-gita (with Vaishnava commentaries) (by Narayana Gosvami)
Verse 2.15 < [Chapter 2 - Sāṅkhya-yoga (Yoga through distinguishing the Soul from the Body)]
Verse 2.13 < [Chapter 2 - Sāṅkhya-yoga (Yoga through distinguishing the Soul from the Body)]
Verses 14.22-25 < [Chapter 14 - Guṇa-traya-vibhāga-yoga]
Dhammapada (Illustrated) (by Ven. Weagoda Sarada Maha Thero)
Verse 231-234 - The Story of A Group of Six Monks < [Chapter 17 - Kodha Vagga (Anger)]
Verse 181 - The Story of the Buddha’s Return from the Tāvatiṃsa Deva World < [Chapter 14 - Buddha Vagga (The Buddha)]
Verse 345-346 - The Prison-House < [Chapter 24 - Taṇhā Vagga (Craving)]
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Discovery of Sanskrit Treasures (seven volumes) (by Satya Vrat Shastri)
6.7. The concept of Dhairya (steadfastness) < [Volume 7 - Society and Culture]
8. Sanskrit Language and Literature: A Study in Environment < [Volume 3 - Classical Sanskrit Literature]
2. Karuna Rasa in Sanskrit Literature < [Volume 3 - Classical Sanskrit Literature]
Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana (by Gaurapada Dāsa)
Text 8.28 < [Chapter 8 - Literary Qualities]
Text 7.145 < [Chapter 7 - Literary Faults]
Text 7.146 < [Chapter 7 - Literary Faults]