Bheri, Bherī: 32 definitions
Introduction:
Bheri means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit, Jainism, Prakrit, the history of ancient India, Marathi, Hindi, biology. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
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In Hinduism
Purana and Itihasa (epic history)
Bherī (भेरी): a Musical Instrument.—It is not mentioned in the Ṛgveda. But the Jātakas mention it. In the Rāmāyaṇa its use is found in the military band, i.e., as a trumpet. In the Mahābhārata, too, it is frequently mentioned. The Vāyu-purāṇa sets it in connection with Śiva-worship and does not show its use in war.
Bherī (भेरी) refers to a type of drum, according to the Śivapurāṇa 2.3.27 (“Description of the fraudulent words of the Brahmacārin”).—Accordingly, as Śiva (in guise of a Brahmacārin) said to Pārvatī: “[...] Sandal paste is applied on your body, while the ashes of the funeral pyre on that of Śiva. Where your silken garment and where the elephant-hide of Śiva. Where the divine ornaments and where the serpents of Śiva? Where the deities that move about and where Śiva, fond of goblins and their oblations? Where the pleasing sound of his tabor? Where His peculiar drum called Damaru? Where the set of fine drums [i.e., bherī-kalāpa] and the inauspicious sound of his horn? [...]”.
Bheri (भेरि).—Drums beaten in rituals for tank digging;1 a warmusical instrument;2 sounded by the Asuras and Devas in the battle of Tripuram;3 a call to arms;4 in the Tārakāmaya.5 in Rāma's abhiṣecana.6
- 1) Matsya-purāṇa 58. 22.
- 2) Ib. 135. 83; Vāyu-purāṇa 37. 12; 40. 24.
- 3) Matsya-purāṇa 136. 27, 53.
- 4) Ib. 148. 39.
- 5) Ib. 149. 2; 177. 24.
- 6) Viṣṇu-purāṇa IV. 4. 99.
Bherī (भेरी) refers to the name of a Lady mentioned in the Mahābhārata (cf. IX.45.25). Note: The Mahābhārata (mentioning Bherī) is a Sanskrit epic poem consisting of 100,000 ślokas (metrical verses) and is over 2000 years old.
The Purana (पुराण, purāṇas) refers to Sanskrit literature preserving ancient India’s vast cultural history, including historical legends, religious ceremonies, various arts and sciences. The eighteen mahapuranas total over 400,000 shlokas (metrical couplets) and date to at least several centuries BCE.
Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy)
Bherī (भेरी) refers to a musical instrument, first mentioned in Nāṭyaśāstra 4.253, after Śiva danced using Recakas and Aṅgahāras, and Pārvatī performed a ‘gentle dance’.
Natyashastra (नाट्यशास्त्र, nāṭyaśāstra) refers to both the ancient Indian tradition (shastra) of performing arts, (natya—theatrics, drama, dance, music), as well as the name of a Sanskrit work dealing with these subjects. It also teaches the rules for composing Dramatic plays (nataka), construction and performance of Theater, and Poetic works (kavya).
Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy)
Bherī (भेरी) refers to one of the ten kinds of sounds (śabda) according to the Matsyendrasaṃhitā and the Haṃsa-upaniṣad.
Shaiva (शैव, śaiva) or Shaivism (śaivism) represents a tradition of Hinduism worshiping Shiva as the supreme being. Closely related to Shaktism, Shaiva literature includes a range of scriptures, including Tantras, while the root of this tradition may be traced back to the ancient Vedas.
Gitashastra (science of music)
Bherī (भेरी) refers to a musical instrument classified as Avanaddha (“those instrument whose mouths are covered with leather (known as avanaddha)”) which represents one of the four kinds of Instrumental Music, produced by an instrument (ātodya), according to the Saṃgītaratnākara.—In the Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa and the Saṃgītaratnākara, some examples of avanaddha type of instruments are given, e.g., Bherī.
Gitashastra (गीतशास्त्र, gītaśāstra) refers to the ancient Indian science of Music (gita or samgita), which is traditionally divided in Vocal music, Instrumental music and Dance (under the jurisdiction of music). The different elements and technical terms are explained in a wide range of (often Sanskrit) literature.
Ayurveda (science of life)
Veterinary Medicine (The study and treatment of Animals)
Bherī (भेरी) refers to “kettledrums” (employed in the ‘pursuit’-method of catching elephants), according to the 15th century Mātaṅgalīlā composed by Nīlakaṇṭha in 263 Sanskrit verses, dealing with elephantology in ancient India, focusing on the science of management and treatment of elephants.—[Cf. chapter 10, “on the catching of elephants”]: “11. With sounds of kettledrums (bherī), musical instruments, drums, etc. [bherītūryakakāhalādininadaiḥ], driving apart the elephants, the herders, always with a crowd (of followers), swiftly and fearlessly pursuing the greatly frightened animals, when the young elephants are lame with foot weariness, shall then quickly and cleverly catch them. This is the method of catching elephants known as ‘pursuit’”.
Āyurveda (आयुर्वेद, ayurveda) is a branch of Indian science dealing with medicine, herbalism, taxology, anatomy, surgery, alchemy and related topics. Traditional practice of Āyurveda in ancient India dates back to at least the first millenium BC. Literature is commonly written in Sanskrit using various poetic metres.
In Buddhism
Theravada (major branch of Buddhism)
A female ascetic who was often invited to the palace of King Videha, where she heard of the wisdom of Mahosadha and wished to meet him. One day she met him on her way to the palace and questioned him by means of dumb signs, to which Mahosadha replied in the same way. Queen Nandas confidantes saw this, and reported to the king that Mahosadha and Bheri were conspiring to kill him. But the king questioned each of the two separately, and, satisfied with their innocence, appointed Mahosadha commander in chief (J.vi.467f).
Bheri is identified with Uppalavanna (J.vi.478).
Theravāda is a major branch of Buddhism having the the Pali canon (tipitaka) as their canonical literature, which includes the vinaya-pitaka (monastic rules), the sutta-pitaka (Buddhist sermons) and the abhidhamma-pitaka (philosophy and psychology).
In Jainism
General definition (in Jainism)
Bherī (भेरी) refers to the “trumpet” and represents one of the five Dundubhis (musical instruments) or Pañcamahāśabda (five musical instruments).—(Cf. Prof. Bhandarkar’s “Jaina Iconography” Ind. Ant., 1911, June.)
Jainism is an Indian religion of Dharma whose doctrine revolves around harmlessness (ahimsa) towards every living being. The two major branches (Digambara and Svetambara) of Jainism stimulate self-control (or, shramana, ‘self-reliance’) and spiritual development through a path of peace for the soul to progess to the ultimate goal.
India history and geography
Bherī.—(SITI, ASLV), a musical instrument. Note: bherī is defined in the “Indian epigraphical glossary” as it can be found on ancient inscriptions commonly written in Sanskrit, Prakrit or Dravidian languages.
The history of India traces the identification of countries, villages, towns and other regions of India, as well as mythology, zoology, royal dynasties, rulers, tribes, local festivities and traditions and regional languages. Ancient India enjoyed religious freedom and encourages the path of Dharma, a concept common to Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Biology (plants and animals)
Bheri in India is the name of a plant defined with Casearia nigrescens in various botanical sources. This page contains potential references in Ayurveda, modern medicine, and other folk traditions or local practices It has the synonym Guidonia elliptica (Tul.) Baill. (among others).
Example references for further research on medicinal uses or toxicity (see latin names for full list):
· The Gardeners Dictionary (1754)
· Bulletin Mensuel de la Société Linnéenne de Paris (1886)
· Reisen in Britisch-Guiana
· Species Plantarum. (1799)
· Annales des Sciences Naturelles; Botanique (1868)
· Bull. Jard. Bot. Belg. (1971)
If you are looking for specific details regarding Bheri, for example health benefits, diet and recipes, side effects, extract dosage, chemical composition, pregnancy safety, have a look at these references.
This sections includes definitions from the five kingdoms of living things: Animals, Plants, Fungi, Protists and Monera. It will include both the official binomial nomenclature (scientific names usually in Latin) as well as regional spellings and variants.
Languages of India and abroad
Pali-English dictionary
bheri : (f.) a drum.
Bheri, (f.) (cp. Epic Sk. bherī) a kettle-drum (of large size; DhsA. 319 distinguishes 2 kinds: mahā° & paṭaha°) D. I, 79; A. II, 185; Vv 8110; J. VI, 465; DhA. I, 396; Sdhp. 429.—issara° the drum of the ruler or lord J. I, 283; paṭaha° kettle-drum Dpvs 16, 14; DhsA. 319; PvA. 4; yāma° (—velāya) (at the time) when the drum sounds the watch J. V, 459.—bheriṃ vādeti to sound the drum J. I, 283.—bheriyo vādentā (pl.) beating (lit. making sound) the drums J. II, 110. bheriñ carāpeti to make the drum go round, i.e. to proclaim by beat of drum J. V, 41; VI, 10.
—caraṇa the carrying round of the drum (in proclamations), in cpds. °magga the proclamation road DhA. II, 43; & °vīthi id. DhA. II, 45.—tala the head of the drum Vism. 489 (in comparison); VbhA. 80 (id.).—paṇava drum & tabor (in battle) A. II, 117.—vāda drum-sound, fig. for a loud voice PvA. 89 (bherivādena akkosati rails like drum).—vādaka a drummer J. I, 283.—saññā sign of the drum DhA. I, 396.—sadda sound of the drum J. I, 283. (Page 509)
bherī (ဘေရီ) [(thī) (ထီ)]—
[bhī+．bhāyanti etāyāti bherī=dundubhi．,7．146．]
[ဘီ+ရက်။ ဘာယန္တိ ဧတာယာတိ ဘေရီ=ဒုန္ဒုဘိ။ မောဂ်၊ ၇။ ၁၄၆။]
[Pali to Burmese]
bherī—
(Burmese text): (၁) စည်။ (၂) ဘေရီပရိဗိုဇ်မ။
(Auto-Translation): (1) Silk. (2) Berry Privoz.
Pali is the language of the Tipiṭaka, which is the sacred canon of Theravāda Buddhism and contains much of the Buddha’s speech. Closeley related to Sanskrit, both languages are used interchangeably between religions.
Marathi-English dictionary
bhērī (भेरी).—f S A large kind of nagārā or kettledrum.
bhērī (भेरी).—f A large kind of kettle-drum.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Bheri (भेरि) or Bherī (भेरी).—f. A kettle-drum; ततः शङ्खाश्च भेर्यश्च (tataḥ śaṅkhāśca bheryaśca) Bhagavadgītā (Bombay) 1. 13; रवः प्रगल्भाहतभेरिसंभवः (ravaḥ pragalbhāhatabherisaṃbhavaḥ) Ku.
Derivable forms: bheriḥ (भेरिः).
Bheri (भेरि).—mf. (-riḥ-rī) A kettle-drum. E. bhī to fear, to cause to fear, Unadi aff. krin; otherwise ran aff., and ṅīp added; also bhera.
Bheri (भेरि).—bherī, f. A kettledrum, [Pañcatantra] 20, 7; [Bhagavadgītā, (ed. Schlegel.)] 1, 13.
Bheri can also be spelled as Bherī (भेरी).
Bheri (भेरि).—[feminine] kettle-drum.
--- OR ---
Bherī (भेरी).—[feminine] kettle-drum.
Bherī (भेरी):—[from bhera] f. (rarely ri) a kettle-drum, [Mahābhārata; Kāvya literature etc.]
Bheri (भेरि):—[(riḥ-rī)] 2. m. 3. f. Kettledrum.
Bheri (भेरि):—(selten) und bherī f. Pauke [UJJVAL.] zu [Uṇādisūtra 2, 18. 4, 66.] [Amarakoṣa 1, 1, 7, 6. 3, 4, 1, 3. 22, 138.] [Hemacandra’s Abhidhānacintāmaṇi 293.] [Halāyudha 1, 98.] [Pañcatantra 20, 7] (bheri) . [Bhagavadgītā 1, 13.] [Mahābhārata 1, 4468.] bherīṃ sāṃnāhikīm samājaghne mahāghoṣām [7941.] saṃnāhabherī samāhatā [Harivaṃśa 10296.] [Mahābhārata 2, 812.] bhinnabherīsamasvana [4, 772.] [Rāmāyaṇa 2, 71, 26.] daṇḍenābhihatāyāśca bheryāḥ [6, 9, 21. 37. 47.] tataḥ sahasraṃ bherīṇāṃ yugapatsamavādayan [52.] [Suśruta 2, 276, 9.] [Varāhamihira’s Bṛhajjātaka S. 43, 59.] [TARKAS. 19.] bherīravairatibhairavaiḥ [Rājataraṅgiṇī 1, 368.] [Scholiast] zu [Kātyāyana’s Śrautasūtrāṇi 13, 3, 18.] sabherīka adj. [Harivaṃśa 12221.] — Vgl. ābherī (nicht bei [Halāyudha]).
Bheri (भेरि):—(selten) und bherī f. Pauke [Gautama's Dharmaśāstra]
Bheri (भेरि) in the Sanskrit language is related to the Prakrit words: Bheri, Bherī.
Bheri (in Sanskrit) can be associated with the following Chinese terms:
1) 鼓 [gǔ]: “drum”.
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Bherī (भेरी):—(nf) a kind of drum, kettledrum; siren;-[bajānā] battledrums to be beaten.
...
Prakrit-English dictionary
Bheri (भेरि) in the Prakrit language is related to the Sanskrit word: Bheri.
Prakrit is an ancient language closely associated with both Pali and Sanskrit. Jain literature is often composed in this language or sub-dialects, such as the Agamas and their commentaries which are written in Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri Prakrit. The earliest extant texts can be dated to as early as the 4th century BCE although core portions might be older.
Kannada-English dictionary
Bhēri (ಭೇರಿ):—[noun] a percussion instrument consisting of big hollow cylinder with a mebrane stretched tightly over one end, the other being closed, played by beating with sticks; a huge drum.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Bherī (भेरी):—n. 1. a famous river in the mid-western region of Nepal; 2. a zone in the mid-western region of Nepal; 3. Mus. a kettledrum.
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with (+11): Bheri jat, Bheri phul, Bheria, Bheribhamkara, Bheribhamkariya, Bheribhankara, Bheribhramaka, Bhericamma, Bhericarana, Bhericaranamagga, Bhericaranavithi, Bhericarika, Bherighnant, Bherighnat, Bherika, Bherikalapa, Bherinada, Bherinatha, Bheriparibbajika, Bheripokkhara.
Full-text (+128): Abheri, Mangalabheri, Vijayabheri, Bherivadaka, Dhammabheri, Ranabheri, Kannabheri, Bherivadana, Jayabheri, Vajjhabheri, Bherisadda, Kammantabheri, Bheritala, Bheritadana, Bheribhramaka, Bherisanna, Bherivela, Mudingabheri, Bhericamma, Mukhabheri.
Relevant text
Search found 73 books and stories containing Bheri, Bherī, Bhērī, Bhēri, Bheris; (plurals include: Bheris, Bherīs, Bhērīs, Bhēris, Bherises). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Garga Samhita (English) (by Danavir Goswami)
Verse 5.19.19 < [Chapter 19 - The Festival on Śrī Kṛṣṇa Return]
Verse 1.9.12 < [Chapter 9 - Description of Vasudeva’s Wedding]
Verse 6.5.17 < [Chapter 5 - The Kidnapping of Śrī Rukmiṇī]
Musical Instruments in Sanskrit Literature (by S. Karthick Raj KMoundinya)
The Ramayana and Musical Instruments < [Chapter 3 - Musical Instruments of India (with reference to Sanskrit literary sources)]
The Mahabharata and Musical Instruments < [Chapter 3 - Musical Instruments of India (with reference to Sanskrit literary sources)]
Archaeology and the Mahabharata (Study) (by Gouri Lad)
Brahma Purana (critical study) (by Surabhi H. Trivedi)
19. Music and Dancing < [Social and Economic Life]
Skanda Purana (by G. V. Tagare)
Chapter 28 - Preparations of Devas and Daityas for War < [Section 1 - Kedāra-khaṇḍa]
Chapter 25 - The Marriage Rituals < [Section 1 - Kedāra-khaṇḍa]
Chapter 11 - Dialogue Between Nārada and Indradyumna (Continued) < [Section 2 - Puruṣottama-kṣetra-māhātmya]
List of Mahabharata people and places (by Laxman Burdak)
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