Lord Hayagriva in Sanskrit Literature

by Anindita Adhikari | 2019 | 56,368 words

This page relates ‘Mode of worship at present’ of the study on Lord Hayagriva as found in Sanskrit Literature such as the Vedas, Upanishads, Mahabharata, Puranas and Tantras. Hayagriva as an incarnation of Vishnu is worshipped as the supreme Lord of knowledge and wisdom but also symbolizes power and intelligence. His name means “the horse-headed one”.

Mode of worship at present

At present Hayagrīva Mādhava is worshipped in the form of Viṣṇu. In the early morning the Brāhmaṇa priest make Mādhava bathed in pure water and offers Tulasīmālā and Dhukdhukimālā to him. The day starts with performance of homa to Viṣṇu. Then the priest worships him with nyāsa, mantra and offerings of pādya and arghya etc. During the worship a section of people play musical instrument such as the conch, bell, and drum. The devotees perform prayers and chant hariguṇa (glory of god) to the accompanied by the musical instruments. Recitations from the Holy Scriptures are the main items of the service. Singing songs of rāga called biyahāra-gīta which re-tell stories from the Mahābhārata, the Rāmāyaṇa, the Bhāgavata and other purāṇas by a chorus, called ojā-pali, Samkīrtana, terminates the morning ceremonials.

Daily offerings are given to Mādhava with cooked rice, moong pulse, putakal (a kind of banana), ghee, molasses, and Ṣoḍaśopacāra, known as nitya bhoga. Brāhmaṇas cook rice and curry and offer at noon a little quantity with other items of food like curd, milk, rice cooked in milk to Mādhava. After that the cooked food is distributed among priests and assembled devotees. The ceremonials performed thereafter are nāma prasaṅga, reading from the Bhāgavatapurāṇa and so on. In the evening the priests worship the deity and perform ārati with musical sounds and burning of incense. The performance is followed by nāma saṅgīta (kīrtana) by women and then by male devotees. Sri Ramchandra Barapatra gives a description of the rites and festivals performed in the Hayagrīva Mādhava temple in the neo-vaiṣṇavite style, and the tradition continues till today in this temple.

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