Hanuman Nataka (critical study)
by Nurima Yeasmin | 2015 | 41,386 words
This page relates ‘Supernatural Elements’ of the English study on the Hanuman-nataka written by Shri Damodara Mishra in the 11th century. The Hanumannataka is a Mahanataka—a fourteen-act Sanskrit drama dealing with the story of Rama and Hanumat (Hanuman) and presents the events in the lifes of Rama, Sita, Ravana and Hanuman (the son of Anjana and Vayu—the God of the Winds) based on the Ramayana story.
10. Supernatural Elements
Something which is not according to the course of nature, or above or beyond nature is called supernatural, i.e. miraculous. It denotes some matters which do not belong to the world. It is some unusual things, strange or phenomena which may have divine interference.
In using the super natural elements, it is observed that an author depends on these elements in the necessity of the story. Śrī Dāmodara Miśra also mentions some supernatural elements in his Hanumannāṭaka
In the 5th Act, Rāma addresses the tree and the creeper of the mountain asked about his wife Sītā. Here the trees[1] and the creepers are natural objects, but to talk with the trees or believing that the trees can speak is somewhat supernatural. In the verse he godāvari …[2] Rāma again asked Godāvari about his wife Sītā. Here also Godāvari is a natural object, but to talk with a river believing it as a living being is somewhat supernatural. In the verse asmadgotre…[3] the ocean said to Rāma about the cause of its creation. Here the ocean is a natural object. So discussing with a natural object is somewhat supernatural. In the verse hāhākāraṃ niśamya …[4] there is mention about the amṛtarasa and by this amṛtrasa again Rāma gets his life. This is also a supernatural element. In the 13th Act, Lakṣmaṇa becomes senseless by some powerful energy. This description also contains some supernatural elements.[5] The author also mentions some supernatural things in the verse pātālataḥ kimu…[6] Here Hanumat says to Rāma that he can bring the amṛta from pātāla, he can bring the moon from sky etc. Thus we find some descriptions of supernatural elements in the play.
Footnotes and references:
[1]:
[2]:
[3]:
[4]:
hāhākāraṃ niśamya tribhuvanaviditaṃ rāvaṇeḥ karma ghoraṃ krodhāgnerdhūmaghātīdalitaripukulaṃ trāsayanrākṣasendram/
pakṣāghātapracaṇḍapracalitapavanadhastasailendrapātaiḥ saṅprāpto vainateyaḥ sravadamṛtarasojīvatāmāsa rāmaṃ/ ibid., XII.12
[5]:
paścāttāpagate vibhīṣaṇabale kṣīṇe plavaṅgeśvare mūḍe jāmbavati plavaṅgamagaṇe’saṃbhūya bhūyaḥsthite/
saktiprauḍamahāprahāravidhure mūrcchāgate lakṣmaṇe hā rāme vilapatyaho hanumatā prauktaṃ sthiraih sthīyatām// ibid., XIII.5
[6]:
pātālataḥ kimu sudhārasamānayāmi niṣpīḍya candramamṛtaṃ kimutāharāmi/
uddaṇḍacaṇḍakiraṇaṃ nanu vārayāmi kīnāśapāśamaniśaṃ kimu cūrṇayāmi// ibid., XIII.16