Sahitya-kaumudi by Baladeva Vidyabhushana
by Gaurapada Dāsa | 2015 | 234,703 words
Baladeva Vidyabhusana’s Sahitya-kaumudi covers all aspects of poetical theory except the topic of dramaturgy. All the definitions of poetical concepts are taken from Mammata’s Kavya-prakasha, the most authoritative work on Sanskrit poetical rhetoric. Baladeva Vidyabhushana added the eleventh chapter, where he expounds additional ornaments from Visv...
Text 4.77
भेदा अष्टादशास्य तत् ॥ ४.४१d ॥
bhedā aṣṭādaśāsya tat || 4.41d ||
bhedāḥ—varieties; aṣṭādaśa—eighteen; asya—of it (of dhvani); tat—therefore.
Consequently, there are eighteen varieties of dhvani.
asyeti dhvaneḥ. tathā hi, avivakṣita-vācyasya dvau bhedau. vivakṣitānya-para-vācyasya tu ṣoḍaśa. tatrāsaṃlakṣya-kramavyaṅgyo rasādi-dhvanir ekaḥ, saṃlakṣya-krama-vyaṅgyas tu pañcadaśa-vidha iti.
The explanation is this. There are two kinds of avivakṣita-vācya dhvani (lakṣaṇā-mūla) (arthāntara-saṅkramita-vācya and atyanta-tiraskṛta-vācya) (4.1). However, there are sixteen varieties of vivakṣitānya-para-vācya dhvani (abhidhā-mūla): Among those sixteen, the rasādi-dhvani, which is asaṃlakṣya-krama, is one, and the saṃlakṣya-krama dhvanis (vastus and alaṅkāras) are fifteen.
Commentary:
The fifteen kinds of saṃlakṣya-krama dhvani are the two varieties (vastu and alaṅkāra) of śabda-śakti-bhū dhvani, the twelve varieties of artha-śakti-bhū dhvani—in the three main subdivisions of svataḥ-sambhavī, kavi-prauḍhokti-siddha, and kavi-kalpita-vaktṛ-prauḍhokti-siddha—and the one type of ubhaya-śakti-bhū dhvani.
The 18 Main Varieties of Dhvani
abhidhā-mūla, lakṣaṇā-mūla, alakṣya-krama (rasa-ādi), lakṣya-krama (vastu, alaṅkāra), arthȧntara-saṅkramita (ajahat-svārthā), atyantara-tiraskṛta (jahat-svārthā), śabda-śakti-bhū, artha-śakti-bhū, ubhaya-śakti-bhū, vastu-dhvani, alaṅkāra-dhvani, alaṅkāra-dhvani, svataḥ-sambhavī, kavi-prauḍhokti, kavi-nibaddha-vaktṛ-prauḍhokti, vastu, alaṅkāra...